RU2226184C2 - Method of manufacturing spherical gunpowder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: explosives. SUBSTANCE: invention provides method for manufacturing spherical gunpowder comprising (i) 10-15-min stirring, in an aqueous medium, of mixture of pyroxyline with recycled process wastes or stirring of recycled process wastes with aqueous suspension of carbon black; (ii) preparing gun powder lacquer in ethyl acetate for 60 to 180 min; (iii) dispersing lacquer onto spherical particles; and (iv) removing ethyl acetate on heating of mixture to 92-94 C, said recycled process wastes being pyroxyline or ballistic powder in amounts between 10 and 100 wt %. EFFECT: enabled reuse of powders with expired storage term. 3 tbl, 5 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of production of spherical powders using expired powders as raw materials.

US patents [1, 2] propose methods for producing spherical powders (TFP), which include grinding fine-grained pyroxylin powders (MWP) in an aqueous medium containing calcium carbonate, followed by their dissolution in a solvent - ethyl acetate (EA), acetone, benzene, toluene with additives of 10% EA, butyl acetate, etc., plasticization, dispersion and removal of solvent.

The disadvantage of these methods is the need for preliminary grinding of the powders and neutralization of impurities in the solution.

The closest technical solution is the method of producing TFP for hunting weapons [3] (prototype), including the preparation of powder varnish with stirring pyroxylin No. 1 or pyroxylin No. 1 with return-technological waste (WTO) for 10 ... 15 min in 4. ..5 parts by weight water together with diphenylamine (DFA) in an amount of 0.6 ... 1.2 wt.% and carbon black in an amount of 0.3 ... 1.0 wt.%, coming in the form of an aqueous suspension with a concentration of 20 ... 30 wt.%, And copper (II) -lead (II) phthalate oxide (PMS) in an amount of 0.5 ... 2.5 wt.% By weight of pyroxylin No. 1 and with 2.4 ... 3.6 parts by weight EA, the addition of bone glue to the varnish, dispersion of the powder varnish on spherical particles and the removal of EA when the mixture is heated to 92 ... 94 ° C.

The disadvantage of this method is the limited range of TFP, because as the WTO, TFP is used only of the manufactured brand, substandard in size and density.

The objective of the invention is to expand the range of TFPs produced through the use of not only the WTO after the formation phase, but also physically (the end of the warranty storage period) and obsolete pyroxylin and ballistic gunpowders. Varying their ratio allows you to change the prescription composition of TFP in a wide range, thereby expanding the scope of their application in shooting systems. Emulsion technology, which allows complete plasticization and dissolution of the polymer base in ethyl acetate with the formation of powder varnish, provides the simultaneous removal of unstable impurities with the mother liquor. In addition, if necessary, the simultaneous introduction of new components is possible, for example, stabilizers of chemical resistance, explosives, combustion modifiers.

The problem is solved in a method for producing spherical gunpowder for small arms, for which a mixture of pyroxylin with reverse-technological waste or reverse-technological waste and an aqueous suspension of carbon black are mixed for 10-15 minutes in an aqueous medium, then the powder varnish in ethyl acetate is prepared for 60 - 180 min, dispersion of the varnish onto spherical particles and removal of ethyl acetate when the mixture is heated to 92 ... 94 ° C, while pyroxylin and / or ballisties are used as return technological waste dry powder (BP) in an amount of 10 ... 100 wt.%.

SFP formulations made on the basis of obsolete gunpowder for a particular shooting system were selected by calculating the compositions that satisfy the requirements of normative documentation (ND) for each grade of gunpowder in terms of calorific value.

The number of WTO introduced is 10 ... 100%. With 100% commissioning of the MZPP, TFPs are manufactured for systems where high bullet speeds are not required. In the case of the replacement of part of the MZPP with BP, it is possible to obtain high-energy powders. A decrease in PSU input of less than 10% reduces the specific heat of combustion below the permissible ND standards and does not provide the necessary ballistic characteristics of gunpowder for rifled systems with a high bullet speed. In addition, in both cases, a decrease in WTO entry leads to an increase in the cost of production.

The mixing time of the WTO with pyroxylin or WTO and an aqueous suspension of carbon black is 10-15 minutes. Reducing the mixing time of less than 10 minutes does not provide a uniform distribution over the volume of these components, and increasing the time of more than 15 minutes is not economically feasible.

The preparation time for powder varnish is 60 ... 180 minutes. With a decrease in time of less than 60 min, incomplete dissolution of the powder grains in EA occurs, which reduces the yield of the target fraction (less than 60%) and worsens the ballistic characteristics of the powder charge. An increase in time of more than 180 minutes is impractical, since this lengthens the duration of the technological cycle, thereby increasing the cost of electricity, heat, steam and, consequently, the cost of production.

Examples of the method for producing TFP within the boundary conditions, beyond them, and also according to the known method are given in tables 1 and 2.

Example 1. 300 l of water are poured into the reactor, 100 kg (100% by weight) of the MPP are charged, an aqueous suspension of carbon black is introduced, and the mixture is mixed for 15 minutes. Then 400 l of EA is poured into the reactor, a powder varnish is prepared for 180 minutes, and after the emulsifier (glue glue) is introduced, the powder varnish is dispersed onto spherical particles. After completion of the dispersion process, the solvent is distilled off to a temperature of the mixture in the reactor of 92 ... 94 ° C. The obtained TFP is washed and dried.

Example 2. 300 l of water are poured into the reactor, 30 kg (30 wt.%) Of pyroxylin and 70 kg (70 wt.%) Of BP are charged, an aqueous suspension of carbon black is introduced and the mixture is mixed for 12 minutes. Then, 400 l of EA is poured into the reactor, a powder varnish is prepared for 60 minutes, and after the emulsifier (glue glue) is introduced, the powder varnish is dispersed onto spherical particles. After completion of the dispersion process, the solvent is distilled off to a temperature of the mixture in the reactor of 92 ... 94 ° C. The obtained TFP is washed and dried.

Example 3. 300 l of water are poured into the reactor, 10 kg (10 wt.%) MPP and 90 kg (90 wt.%) BP are charged, an aqueous suspension of carbon black is introduced and the mixture is mixed for 10 minutes. Then, 400 l of EA is poured into the reactor, a powder varnish is prepared for 120 minutes, and after the emulsifier (glue glue) is introduced, the powder varnish is dispersed onto spherical particles. After completion of the dispersion process, the solvent is distilled off to a temperature of the mixture in the reactor of 92 ... 94 ° C. The obtained TFP is washed and dried.

Example 4. 300 l of water are poured into the reactor, 50 kg (50 wt.%) Of pyroxylin and 50 kg (50 wt.%) Of MZPP are charged, an aqueous suspension of carbon black is introduced and the mixture is mixed for 15 minutes. Then 400 l of EA is poured into the reactor, a powder varnish is prepared for 180 minutes, and after the emulsifier (glue glue) is introduced, the powder varnish is dispersed onto spherical particles. After completion of the dispersion process, the solvent is distilled off to a temperature of the mixture in the reactor of 92 ... 94 ° C. The obtained TFP is washed and dried.

Example 5. 300 l of water is poured into the reactor, 100 kg (100 wt.%) Of BP are loaded, an aqueous suspension of carbon black is introduced and the mixture is mixed for 15 minutes. Then 400 l of EA is poured into the reactor, a powder varnish is prepared for 60 minutes, and after the emulsifier (glue glue) is introduced, the powder varnish is dispersed onto spherical particles. After completion of the dispersion process, the solvent is distilled off to a temperature of the mixture in the reactor of 92 ... 94 ° C. The obtained TFP is washed and dried.

Physico-chemical and ballistic characteristics of the manufactured powders are given in table.3.

From the data of tables 1, 3 it can be seen that the developed regimes of formation using obsolete gunpowders as the WTO provide the yield of the target fraction, similar to the prototype, and the required ballistic characteristics in hunting shot cartridges 12 clb. and 9 mm pistol cartridges 9 × 18. Testing the chemical resistance of TFP showed satisfactory results.

The manufacture of gunpowder outside the boundary conditions (table 2) leads to a decrease in the yield of the target fraction (example 1) and the deterioration of the ballistic characteristics of the powder charge in comparison with the standard version in terms of:

- the spread of the velocity of the shot projectile and the pressure of the powder gases (example 1);

- according to the mass of the charge and the flight speed of the shot projectile (example 2) or the speed of the bullet (example 3).

Thus, the developed method for the manufacture of TFP using obsolete gunpowders of various grades allows us to expand the range of produced powders by emulsion technology.

Sources of information

1. US patent 2843584.

2. U.S. Patent 3,378,545.

3. RF patent 1727375 (C 06 V 21/00).

Claims (1)

A method of producing spherical gunpowder for small arms, including mixing for 10-15 minutes in an aqueous medium a mixture of pyroxylin with recycled waste and an aqueous suspension of carbon black, preparing powder varnish in ethyl acetate, dispersing the varnish onto spherical particles and removing ethyl acetate when the mixture is heated to 92-94 ° C, characterized in that a mixture of pyroxylin with return-technological waste or return-process waste and aqueous suspension is mixed for 10-15 minutes in an aqueous medium carbon black, with pyroxylin and / or ballistic gunpowder in the amount of 10-100 wt.%, and varnish in ethyl acetate for 60-180 minutes.