RU2206445C1 - Wood-impregnation oil-origin antiseptic - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: woodworking industry. SUBSTANCE: wood, in particular wood ties and timbers, is impregnated with antiseptic containing (i) gas oil catalytic cracking fraction with stabilized boiling point 195-215 C allowing flash point of antiseptic, as measured in open pot, to be no lower than 95 C and (ii) fraction with stabilized dry point 380- 415 C allowing pour point of antiseptic to be no higher than -2 C and cinematic viscosity at 80 C to be no higher than 6 sq.mm/s. EFFECT: reduced expenses and widened resources for production of oil-origin antiseptics owing to more rational use of heavy stabilized secondary petroleum-processing gas oil fractions. 6 ex

Description

 The invention relates to the composition of an oil antiseptic and can be used for impregnation of wood, in particular for the impregnation of wood sleepers and beams.

Known impregnating material, which is a mixture of coal oil [GOST 2270-74 "Coal oil for wood impregnation"] and petroleum softener oil produced in accordance with TU 38.301.08-31-89. However, when preparing a working mixture consisting of coal oil having a density at a temperature of 20 ^o C 1090-1130 kg / m ³ and petroleum softener oil having a density at a temperature of 20 ^o C 890-910 kg / m ³ , using as mixing agent of acute water vapor after cooling and sludge in the tank forms a three-layer system: the bottom layer is coal oil; the middle layer is water; top layer - petroleum softener oil. To maintain a homogeneous system in the tank, periodic circulation movement of the components of the mixture is required according to the scheme: tank -> pump -> tank, which leads to additional energy costs. In this case, the system is not freed from water. In addition, oil softener XM-1 has a relatively high kinematic viscosity determined at a temperature of 80 ^o C (6.5-8.0 mm ² / s), which impairs its penetrating (impregnating) ability when impregnating wood, and therefore, reduces its protective properties. This value of viscosity ХМ-1 does not meet the requirements of GOST 20022.5-93 "Protection of wood. Autoclave impregnation with oily protective means."

It is known that coal tar oil is impregnated [GOST 2270-74 Coal oil for wood impregnation], containing a relatively narrow oily fraction of thermal origin, which is a mixture of the first anthracene fraction (280-360 ^o C) and absorption oil (235-300 ^o C) [Coke chemistry chemist's guide t.3 / Under. ed. Ing. A.K. Shelkova. - M.: Metallurgy, 1966, p. 66].

The disadvantages of coal sleeper oil are the following factors:
1. Coal impregnating oil contains up to 0.3 wt.% Of substances insoluble in toluene (carbenes and carbides) and up to 1.5 wt.% Water, which negatively affects the process of wood impregnation.

 2. In terms of toxicity, coal-bearing cross-impregnating oil belongs to the second hazard class (highly hazardous), which creates an increased danger from the point of view of the sanitary-hygienic and ecological state of the cross-impregnating plants.

3. Coal sleeper oil has a relatively high pour point (minus 2 - minus 5 ^o C), which makes it difficult to drain and pump in winter conditions at lower ambient temperatures.

4. Coal tar oil is prepared by mixing and joint crystallization of the 1st anthracene fraction and absorption oil, followed by separation of the crystals in a centrifuge. At 2.5 m ^{3 of} absorption oil, the mixture includes 7.5 m ³ of the 1st anthracene fraction. After crystallization and centrifugation, the yield of crystals is 15-20% per mixture [Reference coke chemist v.3 / Pod. ed. Ing. A.K. Shelkova. - M.: Metallurgy, 1966, p. 66].

 5. A significant disadvantage of coal sleeper oil is its tendency to sedimentation, which leads to the need to "erosion" in railway tanks and to irretrievable losses when stored in tanks.

 6. Coal tar oil (creosote) has an unpleasant and very persistent smell.

 The closest technical solution to the claimed invention is an antiseptic liquid for wood impregnation ZhTK-1. RF patent 2111851 for the invention "Antiseptic liquid for wood impregnation ZhTK-1". Dolmatov L.V., Akhmetov A.F., Gantsev V.A. and others. Priority from 06/26/1996.

The disadvantages of the known antiseptic fluids include:
1. The use of two components in the production process of ZHTK-1;
2. The need to build a mixing unit for the preparation of ZhTK-1.

 The present invention solves the technical problem of introducing a less costly technology for producing an antiseptic, expanding the production resources of oily antiseptics for wood impregnation due to the more rational use of heavy stabilized gas oil fractions of secondary oil refining processes.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the wood preservative contains a boiling stabilized catalytic cracking gas oil fraction with a boiling point (195-215 ^o С), which allows to provide an antiseptic flash point, determined in an open crucible, not lower than 95 ^o С and stabilized by the end of boiling with the end of boiling (380-415 ^o С), which allows to set the pour point not higher than minus 2 ^o С and kinematic viscosity at 80 ^o С not higher than 5 mm ² / s.

The specified fraction (195-215 ^o C ... 380-415 ^o C) is obtained as follows.

Hydrotreated feed of the catalytic installation (fraction 300-520 ^o С) is subjected to hard catalytic cracking in the reactor of the catalytic cracking installation of a complex of type G-43-107 [Khadzhiev S.I. Cracking of oil fractions on zeolite-containing catalysts. - M.: Chemistry, 1982]. The reaction products are subjected to separation in a distillation column to obtain catalytic cracking gas and three liquid fractions - gasoline (NK - 195 ^o C (conditionally)), a wide fraction of heavy gas oil 195-215 ^o C ... 380-415 ^o C and residue (fractions above 380-415 ^o C).

 The proposed antiseptic for wood impregnation is prepared as follows.

Withdrawn from the distillation column stabilized wide fraction of heavy oil catalytic cracking hard mode to the beginning boiling 195-215 ^o C and a final boiling point 380-415 ^o C. The temperature level initial boiling point in the range 195-215 ^o C is determined depending on the flash point level wide stable fractions, the value of which should not be lower than 95 ^o C (open crucible). The temperature of the boiling end of the broad stable fraction is set within 380-415 ^o C depending on the level of pour point (not higher than minus 2 ^o C) and the level of kinematic viscosity at 80 ^o C (not higher than 5 mm ² / s).

Example 1. Based on a stabilized broad fraction of heavy gas oil of catalytic cracking of hard mode with a boiling point of 195 ^° C and a boiling point of 380 ^° C, an oil antiseptic is obtained with the following quality indicators:
Pour point, ^o C, minus 10;
Flash point in an open crucible, ^o C, 95;
Kinematic viscosity at 80 ^o C, mm ² / s, 4.2;
Density at 20 ^o C, kg / m ³ , 0.995.

Example 2. Based on the stabilized broad fraction of heavy gas oil of catalytic cracking of hard mode with a boiling point of 200 ^° C and a boiling point of 390 ^° C, an oil antiseptic is obtained with the following quality indicators:
Pour point, ^o C, minus 7;
Flash point in an open crucible, ^o C, 98;
Kinematic viscosity at 80 ^o C, mm ² / s, 4.4;
Density at 20 ^o C, kg / m ³ , 1,000.

Example 3. On the basis of a stabilized broad fraction of heavy gas oil of catalytic cracking hard mode with a boiling point of 210 ^o C and an end of boiling of 400 ^o With receive oil antiseptic with the following quality indicators:
Pour point, ^o C, minus 5;
Flash point in an open crucible, ^o C, 100;
Kinematic viscosity at 80 ^o C, mm ² / s, 4.6;
Density at 20 ^o C, kg / m ³ , 1.002.

Example 4. On the basis of a stabilized broad fraction of heavy gas oil of catalytic cracking hard mode with a boiling point of 215 ^o With and an end of boiling of 415 ^o With receive oil antiseptic with the following quality indicators:
Pour point, ^o C, minus 3;
Flash point in an open crucible, ^o C, 110;
Kinematic viscosity at 80 ^o C, mm ² / s, 4.8;
Density at 20 ^o C, kg / m ³ , 1.005.

Example 5. Based on a stabilized broad fraction of heavy gas oil of catalytic cracking of hard mode with a boiling point of 195 ^° C and a boiling point of 415 ^° C, an oil antiseptic with the following quality indicators is obtained:
Pour point, ^o C, minus 2;
Flash point in an open crucible, ^o C, 97;
Kinematic viscosity at 80 ^o C, mm ² / s, 4.72;
Density at 20 ^o C, kg / m ³ , 0.998.

Example 6. On the basis of a stabilized broad fraction of heavy gas oil of catalytic cracking of hard mode with a boiling point of 215 ^° C and a boiling point of 380 ^° C, an oil antiseptic is obtained with the following quality indicators:
Pour point, ^o C, minus 10;
Flash point in an open crucible, ^o C, 110;
Kinematic viscosity at 80 ^o C, mm ² / s, 4.4;
Density at 20 ^o C, kg / m ³ , 1,000.

Based on the above examples, it can be seen that all the obtained and studied oil antiseptic compositions for wood impregnation based on a broad, heavy-stabilized catalytic cracking heavy gas oil fraction at the beginning and end of boiling with a boiling point of 195..215 ^o С and a boiling end of 380 ... 415 ^o C are fundamentally new and fully comply with the requirements of GOST 20022.5-93 "Sewn timber. Autoclave impregnation with oily protective means" for all basic quality indicators (pour point, flash point, viscosity, density).

 The present invention meets the criterion of "industrial applicability" and can be used in the woodworking industry for wood impregnation in order to protect it from biodegradation.

The present invention solves the technical problem of introducing a less costly technology for producing an antiseptic, since it consists of a single wide fraction of catalytic cracking (heavy gas oil) boiling within the beginning of boiling 195-215 ^o С and the end of boiling 380-415 ^o С, which provides a marketable antiseptics having a flash temperature level (open cup) is not lower than 95 ^o C, the temperature level of freezing point not higher than minus 2 ^o C., and with a kinematic viscosity level at 80 ^o C is not higher than 5 mm ² / s without the use of a diluent and, therefore, without to olnitelnyh costs for external mixing of the two streams.

 The present invention allows to expand the production resources of new commercial products - oily antiseptics for the impregnation of wooden sleepers due to a more rational use of heavy catalytic cracking gas oils, which are currently used as components of boiler fuel, which is irrational, since this reduces the depth of oil refining.

Claims (1)

Petroleum antiseptic for the impregnation of wooden sleepers based on an oily gas oil fraction of thermocatalytic origin 195-415 ^o С, characterized in that as an oily gas oil fraction it contains a catalytic cracking gas oil fraction stabilized at the beginning of boiling with a boiling point of 195-215 ^o С, which allows to ensure the temperature outbreaks of an antiseptic, determined in an open crucible, not lower than 95 ^o С and stabilized at the end of boiling with an end of boiling of 380-415 ^o С, allowing to set the pour point not higher than minus 2 ^o C and kinematic viscosity at 80 ^o C not higher than 5 mm ² / s.