RU2206446C1 - Wood-impregnation oil-origin antiseptic - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: woodworking industry. SUBSTANCE: wood, in particular wood ties and timbers, is impregnated with antiseptic containing long thermal-cracking oil fraction 220-450 C, thermalorigin hydrocarbon fraction 200-340 C, and, additionally, cracking residue as depressant and 8-hydroxyquinoline as biocyde agent, all at specified proportions. EFFECT: enhanced fungicidal toxicity and lowered pour point. 1 tbl, 3 ex

Description

 The invention relates to the composition of an oil impregnating antiseptic liquid and can be used to impregnate wood, in particular for impregnation of wooden sleepers and beams.

 The present invention solves the technical problem of expanding the resources of oily antiseptics and lowering the pour point of an antiseptic composition by introducing a depressant additive and transferring an oil impregnating composition for wood impregnation (RF patent 2065356 B 27 K 3/50, 08/20/96) from the class of "diluents" into the class of "independent" antiseptics due to the use of a biocidal additive in its production.

 Considering that the cross-impregnating coal oil, which is a strong antiseptic, contains 0.25 ... 0.30 wt.% Quinoline compounds, we propose to introduce a small percentage of 8-hydroxyquinoline as a biocidal additive to NML. The susceptibility of petroleum oils (for example, transformer) when adding 8-hydroxyquinoline to 0.005 wt.% Is equal to zero (not affected), it is possible to calculate the amount of quinoline that must be added to the NPM to ensure that it has antiseptic properties. Calculations show that to transfer 1 ton of NPM to an antiseptic, it is enough to introduce 0.05 kg of quinoline (0.005%) into it.

 Data on the antimicrobial action of 8-hydroxyquinoline in transformer oil are shown in table 1 [S. Litvinenko Protection of petroleum products from the action of microorganisms M .: Chemistry, 1977, 143 pp.].

 From the table it follows that some oil additives can be used as protective antiseptic additives, which will allow this oil product, used as a cross-impregnating material, to fulfill the role of a protective agent.

Known impregnating material, which is a mixture of coal oil [GOST 2270-74 "Coal oil for wood impregnation"] and petroleum softener oil produced in accordance with TU 38.301.08-31-89. However, in the preparation of the working mixture, consisting of coal oil having a density at a temperature of 20 ^o C 1090-1130 kg / m ³ and softener oil XM-1 having a density at 20 ^o C 890-910 kg / m ³ , s the use of acute water vapor as a mixing agent after cooling and sludge in the tank forms a three-layer system: the bottom layer is coal oil; the middle layer is water; top layer - petroleum softener oil. To maintain a homogeneous system in the tank, periodic circulation movement of the mixture components is required according to the scheme: -> tank -> pump -> tank, which leads to additional energy costs. In this case, the system is not freed from water. In addition, oil softener XM-1 has a relatively high kinematic viscosity determined at a temperature of 80 ^o C (6.5-8.0 mm ² / s), which impairs its penetrating (impregnating) ability when impregnating wood, and therefore, reduces its protective properties. This value of viscosity ХМ-1 does not meet the requirements of GOST 20022.5-93 "Protection of wood. Autoclave impregnation with oily protective means."

It is known that coal tar oil is impregnated [GOST 2270-74 Coal oil for wood impregnation], containing a relatively narrow oily fraction of thermal origin, which is a mixture of the first anthracene fraction (280-360 ^o C) and absorption oil (235-300 ^o C) [Coke chemistry chemist's guide t.3 / Under. ed. Ing. A.K. Shelkova. - M.: Metallurgy, 1966, p. 66].

The disadvantages of coal sleeper oil are the following:
1. Coal impregnating oil contains up to 0.3 wt.% Of substances insoluble in toluene (carbenes and carboids), and up to 1.5 wt.% Water, which negatively affects the process of impregnation of wood.

 2. In terms of toxicity, coal-bearing cross-impregnating oil belongs to the second hazard class (highly hazardous), which creates an increased danger from the point of view of the sanitary-hygienic and ecological state of the cross-impregnating plants.

3. Coal sleeper oil has a relatively high pour point (minus 2 - minus 5 ^o C), which makes it difficult to drain and pump in winter conditions at lower ambient temperatures.

4. Coal tar oil is prepared by mixing and joint crystallization of the 1st anthracene fraction and absorption oil, followed by separation of the crystals in a centrifuge. At 2.5 m ^{3 of} absorption oil, 7.5 m ³ of the 1st anthracene fraction is introduced into the mixture. After crystallization and centrifugation, the yield of crystals is 15-20% per mixture [Reference coke chemist v.3 / Pod. ed. Ing. A.K. Shelkova. - M.: Metallurgy, 1966, p. 66].

 5. A significant disadvantage of coal sleeper oil is its tendency to sedimentation, which leads to the need to "erosion" in railway tanks and to irretrievable losses when stored in tanks.

 6. Coal tar oil (creosote) has an unpleasant and very persistent smell.

 The closest technical solution to the claimed invention is an antiseptic liquid for wood impregnation (RF patent 2065356, 27 K 3/50, 08/20/96).

The disadvantages of the known antiseptic fluids include:
1. The insufficiently high fungicidal toxicity of this liquid in relation to fungi and bacteria that destroy wood sleepers and beams.

2. A relatively high pour point (not lower than minus 15 ^o C).

 The present invention solves the technical problem of expanding the resources of oily antiseptics, increasing their fungicidal toxicity and lowering the pour point.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in the proposed composition for wood impregnation containing a wide oily fraction of thermal origin and a hydrocarbon fraction of thermal origin, according to the invention, as a wide oily fraction of thermal origin, it contains a thermal cracking fraction boiling in the range 220-450 ^o C, as a hydrocarbon fraction of thermal origin contains a thermal cracking fraction, boiling in the range of 200-340 ^o With, and additionally as a depr the quarrel additive contains a cracking residue, and as a biocidal additive - 8-hydroxyquinoline in the following ratio, wt. %:
Thermal cracking fraction (220-450 ^o С) - 40-80
Thermal cracking fraction (200-340 ^o C) - 19,899-54,99
Cracking residue - 0.1-5.0
8-hydroxyquinoline - 0.001-0.01
These fractions and biocidal additives are prepared as follows.

Liquid hydrocarbon raw materials boiling within 220-600 ^o C are subjected to thermal cracking in furnaces at thermal cracking plants [Akhmetov S. A. Physicochemical technology of deep oil and gas processing. - Part 2, Ufa, UGNTU, 1997. - 341 p.]. The reaction products are separated in a distillation column to obtain thermal cracking gas, a gasoline fraction (bp - 220 ^° C), a middle distillate fraction of thermal cracking 220-340 ^° C, (220-450 ^° C) and a cracking residue of 450 ^° C ⁺ (depressant additive).

 A biocidal additive (8-hydroxyquinoline) is obtained by the quinoline oxygenation reaction [Handbook of a chemist vol. 1 / Ed. Ing. A.K. Vekolsky. - M.-L.: Goskhimizdat, 1963. - 1081 p.].

 The proposed antiseptic composition for wood impregnation is prepared as follows.

All components are simultaneously pumped into the mixing tee of the transport pipeline: the thermal cracking fraction boiling in the range of 220-450 ^o С, the thermal cracking fraction boiling in the range of 200-340 ^o С, the biocide additive (8-hydroxyquinoline) and the depressant additive (cracking residue 450 ^o C ⁺ ) in predetermined proportions.

A feature in the process of preparing an antiseptic composition (KNOW-HAU) is a special preliminary cleaning of the gas oil fraction 220-450 ^o C from mechanical impurities.

Get an oil antiseptic composition for wood impregnation, while the flash point (closed crucible) of the hydrocarbon fraction of thermal cracking should be at least 95 ^o C (KNOW-HOW).

Example 1. Pre-purified from mechanical impurities, the fraction of thermal cracking, boiling in the range 220-450 ^o With, 80 wt.%, Mixed with the fraction of thermal cracking, boiling in the range of 200-340 ^o With, 19.899 wt. %, depressant additive 0.1 wt.% and biocidal additive 0.001 wt.%. Get oil antiseptic composition for wood impregnation with the following quality indicators:
Pour point, ^o C - minus 17
Flash point in an open crucible, ^o С - 126
Kinematic viscosity at 80 ^o С, mm ² / s - 4.82
Density at 20 ^o С, kg / m ³ - 1008
Example 2. Pre-purified from mechanical impurities fraction of thermal cracking hard mode, boiling in the range 220-450 ^o C, 60 wt. %, mixed with the fraction of thermal cracking, boiling in the range of 200-340 ^o With, 37,995 wt. %, depressant additive 2 wt.% and biocidal additive 0,005 wt. % Get oil antiseptic composition for wood impregnation with the following quality indicators:
Pour point, ^o C - minus 26
Flash point in an open crucible, ^o С - 118
Kinematic viscosity at 80 ^o С, mm ² / s - 3.98
Density at 20 ^o С, kg / m ³ - 982
Example 3. Pre-purified from mechanical impurities, the fraction of thermal cracking, boiling in the range 220-450 ^o With, 40 wt.%, Is mixed with the fraction of the thermal cracking process, boiling in the range of 200-340 ^o With, 54.99 wt.%, Depressor an additive of 5 wt.% and a biocidal additive of 0.01 wt. % Get oil antiseptic composition for wood impregnation with the following quality indicators:
Pour point, ^o C - minus 19
Flash point in an open crucible, ^o С - 112
Kinematic viscosity at 80 ^o С, mm ² / s - 3.27
Density at 20 ^o С, kg / m ³ - 974
Based on the above examples, it can be seen that:
1. All obtained and investigated samples of oil impregnating composition for wood impregnation based on thermal cracking fraction, hydrocarbon fraction of thermal origin, biocidal additive and depressant additives are fundamentally new and fully comply with the requirements of GOST 20022.5-93 "Wood protection. Autoclave impregnation with oily protective means" for all major quality indicators (pour point, flash point, viscosity, density);
2. The use of depressant additives (cracking residue) from 0.1 to 5.0 wt. % allows you to get an antiseptic composition with pour points (minus 17 - minus 26 ^o C).

 The present invention meets the criterion of "industrial applicability" and can be used in the woodworking industry for wood impregnation.

Claims (1)

Oil impregnating composition for wood, containing a wide oily fraction of thermal cracking boiling in the range 220-450 ^o C, hydrocarbon fraction of thermal cracking boiling in the range 220-340 ^o C, and a cracking residue as a depressant additive, characterized in that it additionally contains a biocidal additive - 8-hydroxyquinoline in the following ratio, wt.%:
Thermal cracking fraction, boiling in the range 220-450 ^o С - 40-80
The fraction of thermal cracking, boiling in the range of 200-340 ^o With - 19,899-54,99
Cracking residue - 0.1-5.0
8-hydroxyquinoline - 0.001-0.01

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