RU219411U1 - Tank with a device for determining and draining water - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices for storing petroleum products and can be used in the petrochemical industry and other branches of petroleum products supply. The device includes an optical sensor, communication lines, a converter, a video signal, a relay, an electromagnetic valve, a water drainage pipeline, and a viewing device. At the same time, an optical sensor is equipped at the bottom of the tank, and the relay has a time delay period. It should be noted that an oil product, such as aviation kerosene and water, have different refractive indices. The technical result is achieved by transferring the refractive indices of various liquids to the transducer, followed by turning on the video signal and the relay with a time delay period. If it is impossible for the operator to work after a set time, the relay turns on and opens the electromagnetic valve to drain water through the pipeline. When the oil product reaches the optical sensor, the value of the refractive index enters the converter, the relay, followed by switching off and closing the electromagnetic valve.

Description

The intended utility model relates to devices for storing petroleum products and can be used in the petrochemical industry and other branches of petroleum products supply.

The intended utility model is most applicable when using aviation fuels of various grades at airfields and airports equipped with ground horizontal steel tanks (RGS).

The presence of water and mechanical impurities in aviation fuel can lead to failures of the fuel system units, which can lead to a complete stop of the aircraft engine. In the autumn-winter period, the presence of water and mechanical impurities in aviation fuel leads to the formation of ice crystals, solid and frost in the over-fuel space of tanks.

During the operation of the aircraft, ice crystals and frost get into the fuel as solid precipitation, which entails a malfunction of the fuel system. Ice crystals, solid particles settle on the fuel filter screens.

This leads to their blockage, as a result of which bypass valves and ice crystals open, solid particles enter the pump regulator, in which the channels are clogged. All this leads to engine shutdown and aviation accidents.

In the spring and summer, the presence of water in aviation fuel leads to the formation of condensate and corrosion of the elements of fuel pumps, fuel gauges and fuel control equipment. Which, in turn, causes a decrease in the resources of the units and their premature failure.

Oil products stored in surface tanks are also subject to diurnal temperature changes, in particular, daytime temperatures are much higher than nighttime ones. As a result of temperature changes, water is formed on the walls of the tanks, which accumulates in the lower part of the CGM.

Known ground steel horizontal tank [Yakovlev B.C. Storage of petroleum products. Problems of environmental protection - M.: Chemistry, 1987].

These tanks are available in various sizes. For receiving and dispensing oil products, CGS are equipped with a drain device and a receiving valve. In order to provide "small and large" breaths of the tank there is a breather valve. A measuring hatch is installed on the roof of the tank, which serves to measure the level and take fuel samples.

Also on the tank there are control and alarm devices (level gauges, level indicators).

The disadvantages of ground-based CGS when detecting and draining water are:

1. Absence of a device for determining the water in the tank.

2. Lack of a device for draining water from the tank.

Also known is an automobile tank for petroleum products using optical sensors [Bogdanov A.Yu., Matveev YA, Matveev A.Yu. utility model patent No. 207170 dated October 15, 2021].

On the proposed tank car, which has a chassis with wheels, a tank with a neck and a hinged lid, a breathing valve, breakwaters (stiffening partitions), two optical sensors are additionally installed in the front part of the car tank body.

The first optical sensor is installed at the bottom of the tank. This sensor is designed to detect water. The second sensor is installed at a distance of 30-40 cm from the first sensor and is designed to determine the quality of the oil product.

Optical sensors are connected by means of communication lines to the converter, which is connected to the signaling device. The transducer and signaling device are located in the cab of the vehicle.

The technical device works as follows.

When filling, the oil product enters the tank truck. In the event of the formation (ingress) of water, it will accumulate in the lower part of the tank. When water reaches the level of the optical sensor, the sensor will show a refractive index value that is different from the refractive index of the oil product (diesel fuel). This value of the refractive index through the communication line enters the converter, and then to the signaling device, for example, in the form of a red lamp lighting up.

When a highly viscous opaque liquid is formed, the upper optical sensor will show a refractive index value different from that of diesel fuel. This value of the refractive index through the communication line enters the converter, and then to the signaling device, for example, in the form of a red lamp lighting up.

The disadvantages of an automobile tank for petroleum products using optical sensors are:

1. The lack of the possibility of automatic draining of water from a tank car.

2. Applicability of the device only to automobile tanks and tankers.

3. The absence of a viewing device for visual determination of the interface between liquids: oil product - water.

Closest to this problem is the installation of oil vapor recovery and water removal for ground horizontal steel tanks [Kundrotas K.R., Matveev Yu.A. and others. Utility model patent No. 84253 dated 10.07.2009].

On the proposed tanks, which have a device for receiving and dispensing oil products, measuring hatches, racks, pipes of breathing valves equipped with poppet valves, in addition to the body of the breathing valves, a common gas line equipped with check valves and a gate valve is horizontally installed. The gas line is connected to an additional buried horizontal double-walled steel tank, which is equipped with a device for receiving oil vapors, with two baffles having holes of different diameters, an activated carbon absorber filter and a measuring hatch. Also, the vapor recovery tank is equipped with pipelines for supplying and pumping out the low-octane component and water.

The lower part of the tanks for oil products is equipped with a common pipeline for draining water with valves and viewing devices.

The installation works as follows.

Having determined the water in the tank as a result of measurements, the operator opens the valve of the common pipeline system to drain the water. Then, using a viewing device, the operator drains the water into the interstitial space of the trap tank. When an oil product appears in the viewing device, the operator closes the valve.

The disadvantages of the installation of oil vapor recovery and water removal for ground horizontal steel tanks are:

1. Absence of a device for determining the water in the tank.

2. Lack of an automatic draining device for water from the tank.

The proposed utility model allows solving the problem of determining and draining water from a reservoir. It also simplifies the work of the CGS maintenance operator.

The solution to this problem is achieved in that the lower part of the tank is equipped with an optical sensor, which is connected by a communication line to a converter connected to a video signal and a relay, while the relay is connected by a communication line to an electromagnetic valve with the possibility of opening and closing to drain water from the tank.

These features are essential for solving the problem of the utility model, as it simplifies the discharge of water from the tank and the operator's work.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by the drawing (figure 1), which shows a section of the tank and a diagram of a device for determining and draining water.

On the proposed tank 1, which has a device for receiving and dispensing oil products 2, a measuring hatch 3, an overpass 4, a breathing valve 5, a pipeline line for draining water 6, a viewing device 7, an optical sensor 8 is additionally installed on the bottom of the tank. Also, the converter 10 is connected by a communication line to the relay 12.

In turn, the relay is connected to the solenoid valve 13.

The relay has a time delay period of 30-60 minutes. The solenoid valve is made with the possibility of automatic and manual opening (closing).

The overpass for the tank is located on the earth's surface 14.

Optical sensors are used to determine the levels of various liquids and media in tanks, tanks, and other containers. The principle of operation of optical sensors is based on the different refraction of light when passing through a prism (hemisphere) in different liquids or media.

The optical sensor includes a housing, a prism, an LED, a photodetector and a measuring electronic circuit. Water, oil products (aviation fuels), vapor-air mixture and other liquids or media have different refractive indices. Specifically, water has a refractive index of 1.33, aviation fuels 1.41-1.43, and air 1.

The utility model works as follows. The oil product 15 enters the tank 1 through the receiving and dispensing device. As a result of the difference between day and night temperatures, the lack of tightness in the measuring hatch and the breathing valve, and other reasons, water 16 is formed in the tank. Water, due to its higher density than that of the oil product, sinks to the bottom of the tank.

When the water level reaches the optical sensor, the sensor 8 will show a refractive index value that is different from the refractive index of the oil product (aviation fuel). This value of the refractive index through the communication line 9 is supplied to the converter 10, and then to the video signal 11, for example, in the form of a red lamp.

The operator, after the red video signal lamp lights up, receives a signal about the presence of water in tank 1.

Also, from the converter 10, the value of the refractive index through the communication line 9 is supplied to the relay 12, which has a delay period of 30-60 minutes.

Upon receiving a signal about the presence of water in the tank 1, the operator drains the water by turning on (off) the solenoid valve or opens (closes) the valve manually using the viewing device 7.

It should be noted that if it is impossible for the operator to work, 30-60 minutes after the water reaches the optical sensor 8, the relay 12 opens the solenoid valve using the communication line 9, and the water is drained from the reservoir.

Upon reaching the optical sensor with oil product 15, the value of the refractive index is fed to the transducer, then to the relay, which closes the solenoid valve, and the water drain stops. During automatic operation of the solenoid valve, water is drained to a minimum safe level that cannot enter the device for receiving and dispensing oil products.

The design of the tank with an optical sensor makes it easier to drain the water from the tank and the operator's work.

Claims (1)

A tank with a device for determining and draining water, containing a rack, a tank with an oil product, a pipeline line for draining water, an inspection device, characterized in that the lower part of the tank is equipped with an optical sensor, which is connected by a communication line to a converter connected to a video signal and a relay, while the relay is connected by a communication line to an electromagnetic valve with the possibility of opening and closing to drain water from the tank.

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