RU2766903C1 - System for receiving crude oil and separating associated petroleum gas, equipped with a water pumping shut-off device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the means of receiving, storing and dispensing oil and can be applied in the oil industry. The system for receiving crude oil and separating associated petroleum gas, equipped with a water pumping shut-off device, includes a vertical steel tank, a steam pipe with internal sectional heaters, oil supply and discharge pipelines, a water pumping pipeline, siphon valves, flaps, a multi-stage chute, a gas receiving tank, a roller device, a cable, a load, a measuring ruler, a plate. Additionally, a rod is installed inside the tank, on which a poppet-type load moves vertically along the surface of the water, while the load is connected by a cable through roller devices to an index plate that moves vertically along the measuring ruler, while the measuring ruler in the upper part is additionally equipped with a contact plate. The contact plate is connected via a communication line to a relay that is connected to the pump and the solenoid valve.

EFFECT: possibility of visually determining the water level, followed by simultaneous pumping of oil and water from the tank and separation of associated petroleum gas, while the pump for pumping water is switched off and the solenoid valve is closed when the index and contact plates come into contact; breakdowns in the technological process of receiving crude oil are also minimized and pumping of oil through the pipeline for water removal is prevented.

4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to means for storing oil and oil products, and can be applied in the oil industry for receiving, storing and dispensing crude oil containing dissolved gas.

The present invention is most applicable when receiving crude oil in vertical steel tanks (RVS) with a volume of 200 and 400 cubic meters. Under crude oil is meant a liquid natural fossil mixture of hydrocarbons of a wide physico-chemical composition, which contains water, dissolved gas, mineral salts and mechanical impurities [GOST R 51858 Oil. General specifications. M: GOSSTANDART, 2002].

Associated petroleum gas is a gas dissolved in oil under reservoir conditions. [Oil and gas microencyclopedia. A short guide to the main oil and gas terms with a system of cross-references. Russian State University of Oil and Gas. THEM. Gubkin: M. - 2005]. This gas is released during the exploitation of oil deposits as a result of a decrease in reservoir pressure below saturation pressure.

Gas dissolved in crude oil forms oil foam, which is a dispersed two-phase system consisting of cells filled with gas and separated by oil films. The density of oil foam can vary over a wide range from 0.5 of the density of a liquid to values close to the density of a gas. The height of the oil foam can reach several meters and depends on the content of dissolved gas in the oil, temperature, pressure, the rate of oil supply to the reservoir, and other factors.

At certain points in time, when the oil level reaches the upper part of the tank, oil foam flows through leaks in the equipment onto the roof and walls of the tank. In this case, material damage is caused to the oil enterprise, the environment is polluted, and the fire hazard of the facility increases.

Known reservoir for receiving, storing and separating crude oil from water [I.A. Elansky, Yu.A. Matveev. Utility model patent No. 62909 dated May 10, 2007].

In this utility model, distribution pipes, siphon cocks and a drain pipe are additionally installed on a tank for dark oil products equipped with heaters. In particular, instead of one dispensing pipe and one siphon cock, several distributing pipes and several siphon cocks are installed vertically. Branch pipes are equipped with valves of the appropriate diameter and pipeline communications.

At the same time, a drainage pipe is welded to the lower part of the tank wall, which is equipped with a valve and a pipeline. Through the pipeline, water, by means of a pump or by gravity, enters a separate reservoir, from where it is then pumped into a special well or container.

Additional siphon valves are designed to determine the water level in the tank. The use of the second and third additional dispensing nozzles located above the main dispensing nozzle allows solving the problem of more efficient delivery of crude oil from the proposed reservoir for further treatment. The installation of additional distribution and drainage pipes, as well as siphon valves, allows the pumping of crude oil above the water level in a constant mode. Simultaneously with pumping out, there will be an accelerated separation of water from crude oil due to the use of internal heaters, as well as drainage of water from the tank using a drain pipe, valve and pipeline communications.

The disadvantages of this tank when receiving and issuing crude oil with a high gas content are:

1. Absence of a device for visual determination of water in the tank.

2. Lack of a device to separate associated oil gas.

3. High probability of disruption of the technological process associated with the pumping of water from the reservoir, as well as pumping oil with the help of additional distribution pipes and pipelines.

Also known is a tank for receiving crude oil, equipped with a device for capturing oil foam [Yu.A. Matveev et al. Utility Model Patent No. 82200 dated April 20, 2009].

In this technical solution, for a tank with inlet and outlet pipes, pipelines for receiving and discharging oil, valves, skylights and gauge hatches, a ventilation pipe, a breathing valve, a pipeline for draining water, a manhole, internal sectional heaters, siphon valves additionally vertically a branch pipe is installed on the roof of the tank, equipped with a pipeline with a valve and a low pressure poppet valve, while the pipeline is connected to a horizontal steel tank with a volume of 10 m ³ . The steel tank is hermetically connected to the pipeline and is installed on the surface of the earth. The R-10 tank is equipped with a breather valve to remove associated petroleum gases when crude oil is degassed, a gauge hatch, and a pipeline with a valve for pumping oil.

The tank for receiving crude oil, equipped with a device for capturing oil foam works as follows. Through the suction pipe and the corresponding valve, the crude oil with dissolved gas enters the tank.

When crude oil with a high gas content enters the tank, a layer of foam of different heights is formed. The foam, having reached the roof of the tank, lifts the poppet valve and enters the horizontal steel tank through the pipeline, which is hermetically connected to the pipeline. Settling and degassing of oil foam takes place in the tank. In this case, oil associated gas due to its lower density compared to oil will accumulate in the upper part of the reservoir and be released into the atmosphere through a breather valve, while degassed oil will remain in the lower part of the R-10 reservoir.

At the same time, hot steam is supplied to the RVS using internal heaters. After that, the drainage valve opens to pump water through the pipeline. Having determined the level of water in the tank, the operator opens the necessary valve of the additional dispensing pipe for pumping crude oil through the pipeline.

In the process of dispensing oil, the operator periodically determines the water level in the reservoir and regulates the process of pumping oil using additional and main dispensing pipes and corresponding valves.

If the foam exceeds the permissible level, it enters the horizontal steel tank P-10. In this regard, there is no spillage of oil on the roof and walls of the tank.

After degassing the oil foam in the R-10 tank, the operator determines the amount of oil using a measuring rod through the measuring hatch and, if necessary, using a pipeline and a valve, pumps oil into a tank truck or a tank provided for by the technological scheme.

The disadvantages of a crude oil receiving tank equipped with a device for trapping oil foam when receiving and discharging crude oil with a high gas content are:

1. Absence of a device for visual determination of water in the tank.

2. Lack of a device to separate associated oil gas.

3. High probability of disruption of the technological process associated with the pumping of water from the reservoir, as well as pumping oil with the help of additional distribution pipes and pipelines.

4. Removal of petroleum associated gas into the atmosphere.

Also known is a measuring device for determining the water level in tanks intended for oil and oil products. [Matveev Yu.A. and others. Patent for utility model No. 66035 dated 27.08.2007].

The following additional equipment is installed inside and outside the vertical cylindrical tank for dark oil products: a hatch, a roller device, a rod, as well as a metal ruler, which is attached to the tank using metal corners. A plate is fixed on the ruler, which, with the help of a cable, moves horizontally depending on the position of the cylinder, which has a load in the lower part. The load is designed to take the vertical position of the cylinder. The upper part of the cylinder is connected to the cable with a bracket. The cylinder has the ability to move horizontally along the rod with the help of a ring.

The measuring device works as follows. The cylinder is lowered along the rod with the help of a metal cable and a ring and is installed with its upper part at the oil-water interface. With the help of a roller device, the cable changes the position of the index plate. The upper position of the plate on the measuring ruler determines the water level in the tank. At the same time, the measurement time is significantly reduced and the accuracy of the determination is increased. The reduction in time is due to the fact that the operator does not need to go up and down the tank to take water measurements. The operator can determine the water level using the proposed measuring device without climbing the tank, which increases the efficiency of his work in the production of water and oil measurements.

The disadvantages of the measuring device are:

1. Inability to use associated petroleum gas for industrial purposes.

2. Lack of a device to separate associated oil gas.

3. No possibility of simultaneous pumping of oil and water from the reservoir.

Closest to this problem is a tank for receiving crude oil, equipped with a device for capturing oil foam and separating oil associated gas. [Matveev Yu.A. and other utility model patent No. 129489 dated 06/27/2013].

On the proposed vertical steel tank, which has dispensing pipes, an oil delivery pipeline, gate valves, light and gauge hatches, a ventilation pipe, a breathing valve, a water drainage pipeline, a manhole, internal sectional heaters, siphon valves, a pipe for a poppet valve, a pipeline with a check valve, and also connected to a surface horizontal steel tank equipped with a poppet valve for the release of associated petroleum gases during the degassing of crude oil, a gauge hatch and a pipeline with a valve for pumping oil. A multi-stage chute is installed inside the RVS along the contour, from which a section of the steam pipeline is mounted from the internal sectional heaters, while the inlet pipeline is installed in the upper part of the tank, equipped with a check valve and is intended for supplying crude oil to the chute.

The response pressure of the poppet valve of a vertical steel tank is set at 0.015 MPa, which is significantly lower than the response pressure of the breathing valves of the SMDC and PPR brands installed on the tanks.

The chute is rigidly mounted to the wall and bottom of the tank, has steps for separating oil associated gas of various densities, and the steam pipeline section along the contour is attached to the chute, also in the lower part the steam pipeline section is connected to internal sectional heaters, and in the upper part it rests on the tank wall. In the middle, the chute and the steam line rest on a stand.

The utility model works as follows. Through a suction pipeline with a check valve and a corresponding valve, the crude oil with dissolved gas enters the tank trough. The gutter is heated from below by a section of the steam pipeline connected to internal sectional heaters. Increasing the temperature in the trough increases the rate of separation of oil associated gases. When oil passes through the upper stages of the trough, oil associated gases with a low density are separated, and when oil passes through the lower stages, gases with a higher density are separated.

With increasing pressure, associated petroleum gases lift the poppet valve of the vertical steel tank and enter the ground horizontal steel tank through the pipeline, where they then enter the gas pipeline through the poppet valve of the R-10 tank for further production use.

Also, when crude oil with a high gas content enters the tank, a layer of foam of different heights is formed. The foam, in case of reaching the roof of the tank, lifts the poppet valve and flows through the pipeline into a horizontal steel tank, which is hermetically connected to the pipeline. Settling and degassing of oil foam takes place in the tank. At the same time, associated petroleum gas rises to the top of the reservoir due to its lower density and exits into the gas pipeline through a poppet valve, while degassed oil will remain in the lower part of the R-10 reservoir.

With the help of steam pipelines and internal heaters, hot steam is supplied to the RVS. After that, the drainage valve opens to pump water through the pipeline. Having determined the water level in the tank with the help of siphon valves, the operator opens the necessary valve of the additional dispensing pipe for pumping crude oil through the pipeline.

In the process of dispensing oil, the operator periodically determines the water level in the reservoir and regulates the process of pumping oil with the help of additional and main dispensing nozzles, corresponding valves and pipeline.

After degassing the oil foam in the R-10 tank, the operator, using a measuring hatch, determines the amount of oil and, if necessary, using a pipeline and a valve, pumps oil into a tank truck or a tank provided for by the technological scheme.

The disadvantages of this tank are:

1. Absence of a device for visual determination of water in the tank.

2. A high probability of disruption of the technological process associated with the pumping of water from the reservoir, as well as pumping oil with the help of additional distribution pipes and pipelines.

3. Absence of a device preventing pumping of oil through the pipeline for water removal.

The present invention makes it possible to solve the problem of increasing the efficiency of receiving, storing and issuing crude oil with a high content of water and gas from a VST in order to further prepare it for the production of marketable oil. Also, at the same time, oil and water are simultaneously pumped out of the reservoir, associated petroleum gas is separated from crude oil, which is then used for production needs, and the operator’s actions for visual determination of water in the reservoir are simplified.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that a rod is installed inside the tank, on which a disk-type cargo moves vertically over the water surface, while the cargo is connected by a cable through roller devices to an index plate that moves vertically along the measuring ruler, and also by the fact that the measuring ruler is additionally equipped with contact plate, fixed in the upper part of the measuring ruler and connected by communication lines to the relay, which is connected to the pump and the solenoid valve, when the index plate is connected to the contact plate, the relay turns off the pump and closes the solenoid valve, as well as the fact that the water level at which they are connected plate, corresponds to the upper level of water intake in the tank from the pipeline, the mass of the disk-type cargo is selected taking into account the densities of oil and water, and the gas receiving tank is installed vertically.

These features are essential for solving the problem of the invention, since violations of the technological process of receiving, storing and dispensing crude oil and separating associated petroleum gas from the reservoir are prevented, as well as the environmental and fire hazard of the oil enterprise is reduced, and the work of the operator is improved when receiving crude oil.

The proposed vertical steel tank 1 (Fig. 1) has dispensing pipes 2, an oil production pipeline 3, valves 4, light and gauge hatches 5.6, a vent pipe 7, a breathing valve 8, a pipeline for draining water 9, a manhole 10 , internal sectional heaters 11, siphon valves 12, branch pipe 13 for poppet valve 14, pipeline 15 with check valve 16.

The tank 1 (Fig. 1) is connected to a ground vertical tank 17 for receiving gas, equipped with a poppet valve 18 for the release of associated petroleum gases 19 when degassing crude oil, a pressure gauge 20 and a pipeline 21 with a valve 22 for pumping oil. A pressure gauge is needed to determine the pressure of gases in tank 17.

A multi-stage chute 23 is installed inside the VST (Fig. 2) along the contour, from which a section of the steam pipeline 24 is mounted from the internal sectional heaters, while the inlet pipeline 25 is installed in the upper part of the tank, equipped with a check valve 16 and is intended for supplying crude oil 26 to the chute.

The chute is rigidly mounted to the wall and bottom of the tank, has stages 27 for separating oil associated gas of various densities, and the steam pipeline section along the contour is attached to the chute, also in the lower part the steam pipeline section is connected to internal sectional heaters, and in the upper part it rests on the tank wall. In the middle, the chute and the steam line rest on the post 28.

The vertical steel tank 1 is additionally equipped inside with a rod 29, on which a floating load 30 of the plate type is mounted. The mass of the disc type cargo is selected taking into account the densities of oil and water. It should be taken into account that the densities of oil and water have different values. Cargo 30 is on the surface of the water.

Also, a technical hatch 31, two roller devices 32, a metal measuring ruler 33 are installed, which is attached to the tank 1 with the help of corners. On the ruler 33 (Fig. 3) fixed metal index plate 34, which with the help of a cable 35 moves vertically depending on the position of the load 30 on the surface of the water. To determine the water level, a measuring scale is applied on the ruler.

The upper part of the ruler is equipped with a fixed contact plate 36, which is connected by a communication line 37 to a relay 38. The relay is connected by communication lines to a pump 39 for pumping water and an electromagnetic valve 40.

The invention works as follows. Through the intake pipeline 25 with a check valve 16 and the corresponding valve 4, crude oil 26 with dissolved gas enters the chute 23 of the tank 1. The chute from below is heated by a section of the steam pipeline 24 connected to internal sectional heaters 11. An increase in temperature in the chute increases the rate of separation of associated petroleum gases 19 .

With increasing pressure, oil associated gases lift the poppet valve of the vertical steel tank 14 and through the pipeline 15 enter the ground vertical tank 17 for receiving gas, where then through the poppet valve 18 they enter the gas pipeline 41 for further production use.

Also, when crude oil with a high gas content enters the tank 1, a layer of oil foam 42 of various heights is formed. The foam, in case of reaching the roof of the tank, lifts the poppet valve 14 and enters the vertical tank 17 through the pipeline 15, which is hermetically connected to the pipeline 15. In the tank 17, the oil foam is settled and degassed. In this case, the associated petroleum gas 19, due to its lower density, rises to the top of the tank and exits into the gas pipeline 41 through the poppet valve 18, and the degassed oil 26 will remain in the lower part of the tank 17.

After the degassing of the oil foam in the tank 17, the operator, if necessary, using the pipeline 21 and the valve 22, pumps oil into a tank truck or a tank provided for by the technological scheme.

With the help of steam lines 31 and internal heaters 11, hot steam is supplied to the RVS. After that, the drain valve 4 opens to pump water 43 through pipeline 9. Having determined the water level in the tank using the index plate 34, the operator opens the necessary valve 4 of the additional dispensing pipe 2 to pump crude oil through pipeline 3.

In the process of dispensing oil, the operator visually periodically determines the water level in the reservoir using an indicator plate 34 and regulates the process of pumping oil using additional and main dispensing pipes 2, the corresponding valves 4 and pipeline 3.

In the process of pumping water from the tank 1, the load 30 begins to fall, and the index plate 34, respectively, rises up the measuring ruler 33. When a certain water level is reached, the plate 34 is connected to the fixed contact plate 36. After the plates are connected, the signal is transmitted to the relay 38 via the communication line 37 The relay turns off the pump 39 for pumping water and closes the solenoid valve 40 on the pipeline 9.

The water level at which the plates are connected corresponds to the upper level of water intake from pipeline 9. If the specified water level drops, oil will be pumped out of pipeline 9, which will lead to a disruption in the process.

EFFECT: invention allows the operator to visually determine the water level in the tank, and also increases the efficiency of his work on receiving, storing and dispensing crude oil from the tank.

At the same time, disturbances in the technological process associated with pumping water from the reservoir, as well as pumping oil using additional dispensing pipes and pipelines, are minimized, and pumping oil through the pipeline for water removal is also prevented.

Claims (4)

1. A system for receiving crude oil and separating associated petroleum gas, equipped with a water pumping shut-off device, containing a vertical steel tank, a steam pipeline with internal sectional heaters, oil supply and discharge pipelines, a water pumping pipeline, siphon valves, gate valves, a multi-stage chute, a tank for receiving gas, a roller device, a cable, a load, a measuring ruler, a plate, characterized in that a rod is installed inside the tank, on which a plate-type load moves vertically along the water surface at the interface between two liquids oil-water, connected to an index plate, which moves vertically along the measuring ruler, while the measuring ruler in the upper part is additionally equipped with a contact plate connected by a communication line to the relay, which is connected to the pump and the solenoid valve, as well as the fact that the gas receiving tank is installed vertically. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection of the plates with the subsequent shutdown of the pump and the closing of the solenoid valve is made with the possibility of taking water in the reservoir at the upper level of the pipeline for draining water. 3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection of the plates with the subsequent shutdown of the pump and the closing of the electromagnetic valve is made with the possibility of preventing oil from entering the pipeline for draining the reservoir water. 4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas receiving tank is equipped with a pressure gauge.

Images