RU82200U1 - RAIL OIL RECEIVER TANK EQUIPPED WITH OIL FOAM RECOVERY DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

A tank for receiving crude oil, equipped with a device for trapping oil foam, having equipment mounted on a steel vertical tank for dark petroleum products and an additional device that includes a tank for receiving, storing and dispensing crude oil containing dissolved gas, characterized in that on the roof of the tank in addition, a pipe equipped with a pipeline with shut-off valves and a poppet valve is installed vertically, and a steel horizontal cutter is mounted on the ground surface R-10 weld, hermetically connected to the pipeline and equipped with a breathing valve for the removal of associated petroleum gases, a metering hatch and a pipeline with a valve for pumping out degassed oil.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to means for storing oil and oil products, and can be used in the oil industry to receive, store and dispense crude oil containing dissolved gas.

The proposed utility model is most applicable when using crude oil. Crude oil refers to a liquid natural fossil mixture of hydrocarbons of a wide physicochemical composition, which contains water, dissolved gas, mineral salts, and mechanical impurities [1].

The gas dissolved in crude oil forms an oil foam, which is a dispersed two-phase system consisting of cells filled with gas and separated by oil films. The density of oil foam can vary widely from 0.5 to the density of the liquid to values close to the density of the gas. The height of the oil foam can reach several meters and depends on the content of dissolved gas in the oil, temperature, pressure, speed of oil supply to the tank, as well as other factors.

At certain points in time, when the oil level reaches 0.9-0.95% of the tank capacity, oil foam, through equipment leaks, flows to the roof and walls of the tank. In this case, material damage is caused to the oil company, the environment is polluted, and the fire hazard of the facility is also increased.

Known vertical cylindrical steel tank for dark petroleum products (PBC) [2]. This tank has a bottom, a wall and a fixed roof. For receiving and dispensing petroleum products, reservoirs of this type have acceptance pipes. From the outside, valves are connected to them. In order to ensure "small and large"

Respiratory reservoir has a breathing valve. A metering hatch is installed on the roof of the tank, which serves to measure the level and take fuel samples.

To drain commercial water, a siphon valve is installed in the lower zone of the tank.

For the purpose of storing and dispensing viscous petroleum products, tanks for dark petroleum products can be equipped with internal sectional heaters.

Also on the tank there are monitoring and signaling devices (level gauges, samplers, level indicators, fire fighting devices) and other equipment (manhole, ventilation pipes, safety valves).

The disadvantages of this tank when receiving and issuing crude oil with a high gas content are:

1. Low efficiency of determining the level of the phase separation of oil-oil foam, as well as low productivity when pumping oil and water from the tank.

2. The absence of a device to prevent the release of oil foam on the roof and walls of the tank.

A reservoir similar to the technical essence of the proposed utility model is also known for taps for receiving, storing and separating crude oil [3].

In this utility model, dispensing pipes, siphon taps and a drainage pipe are additionally installed on a tank for dark oil products equipped with heaters. In particular, instead of one dispensing pipe and one siphon valve, three dispensing pipes and three siphon valves are installed vertically at distances corresponding to the rules for constructing vertical, cylindrical, steel tanks for oil and oil products. Recommended values of conditional passages of nozzles are 100, 150,

200 and 250 mm [4]. The nozzles are equipped with valves of the corresponding diameter and piping communications.

At the same time, a drain pipe is welded to the bottom of the tank wall, which is equipped with a valve and a pipeline. Through the pipeline, water is pumped or by gravity to a separate tank, from where it is then pumped into a special well or tank.

Additional siphon taps are designed to determine the water level in the tank. The water level between siphon taps can be determined using a universal device for determining the levels of various liquids in tanks [5]. The use of the second and third additional dispensing nozzles located above the main dispensing nozzle allows us to solve the problem of more efficient delivery of crude oil from the proposed tank for further preparation. Installation of additional dispensing and drainage pipes, as well as siphon taps, allows continuous pumping of crude oil above the water level. In this case, simultaneously with the pumping, accelerated separation of water from crude oil will occur due to the use of internal heaters, as well as drainage of water from the tank using a drain pipe, gate valve and pipeline communications.

This tank allows you to solve the problem of a constant decrease in the level of crude oil, due to the pumping of oil liquid and water using additional equipment.

The disadvantage of this tank when receiving and issuing crude oil with a high gas content is the lack of a device that prevents the release of oil foam on the roof and walls of the tank.

Also known is a reservoir for receiving, storing and dispensing crude oil containing dissolved gas [6].

In this device, an additional pipe is installed on the roof of the tank for receiving, storing and separating crude oil from water

with a poppet valve, equipped with a pipeline with a valve, as well as a rubber-fabric tank MP-4. The rubber-fabric tank is hermetically connected to the pipeline using gaskets and a clamp. The MP-4 tank allows you to hold 4000 liters of fluid. The response pressure of the poppet valve is set to 0.015 MPa, which is significantly lower than the response pressure of the breathing valves of the SMDK and PPR brands installed on the tanks [7]. It should be noted that metering and skylights, ventilation pipes, as well as other devices installed on the roof of the tank, must be hermetically sealed.

Installation of additional equipment allows you to continuously receive and pump out crude oil with a high gas content in the tank. Oil foam in case of reaching the roof of the tank through a pipe, a poppet valve, an open gate valve and piping communications gets into the rubber-fabric tank, where it settles and degasses. In this case, there will be no emergency situation associated with the release of oil foam on the roof and walls of the tank, as well as with the stopping of pumping equipment.

The disadvantages of this tank when receiving and issuing crude oil with a high gas content are:

1. The lack of a device that allows pumping out the degassed oil from the rubber-fabric tank MP-4.

2. The load on the roof of the vertical steel tank is increased due to the total mass of MP-4 and the oil in the tank.

3. The presence of additional operations when working with the MP-4 tank, associated with the constant ascents and descents of the operator to a vertical steel tank.

The proposed utility model allows us to solve the problem of increasing the efficiency of reception and delivery of crude oil with a high gas content from the RCS in order to further prepare it for

production of commercial oil. This also prevents the release of oil foam on the roof and walls of the tank, simplifies the operator’s actions to pump out the degassed oil from the tank, designed to trap and receive oil foam, reduces the load on the roof of a steel vertical tank.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that the tank, designed to capture and receive oil foam (MP-4), is replaced by a horizontal steel tank of larger capacity and carried out using additional pipelines from the roof of the PBC to the ground. In this case, the horizontal steel tank is equipped with a breathing valve, a metering hatch and a pipeline with a valve to remove oil.

These signs are essential for solving the utility model problem, since the efficiency of receiving and dispensing crude oil containing dissolved gas is increased, the environmental and fire hazard of the oil facility is reduced, the operator’s work efficiency when receiving crude oil is increased, and the load on the roof of the RCS is reduced.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings (figure 1, figure 2, figure 3), which depict: the tank in the context and sections of additional equipment.

The proposed tank 1 having a receiving and distributing nozzles 2, a pipe for receiving and dispensing oil 3, valves 4, light and metering hatches 5.6, ventilation pipe 7, a breathing valve 8, a pipe for draining water 9, manhole 10, internal sectional heaters 11, siphon taps 12 are additionally vertically mounted on the roof of the tank 13 pipe 14, equipped with a pipe 15 with a valve 4 and a poppet valve 16, as well as a horizontal steel tank with a volume of 10 cubic meters R-10. The steel tank 17 is hermetically connected to the pipe 15 and mounted on

the surface of the earth 18, near PBC. The tank R-10 is equipped with a breathing valve 19 to remove associated petroleum gases during the degassing of crude oil, metering hatch 20, as well as a pipe 21 with a valve 22 for pumping out degassed oil.

The utility model works as follows. Through the intake pipe 2 and the corresponding valve 4, crude oil with dissolved gas enters the tank 1.

Upon receipt of crude oil with a high gas content in the tank, a foam layer 23 of various heights is formed. Given the extremely low density of the foam and various heights of the foam layer, it is difficult for the operator to determine when the level of the foam will exceed the maximum allowable value. Foam, reaching the roof of the tank, raises the poppet valve 16 and through a pipe 15 enters a horizontal steel tank 17, which is hermetically connected to the pipeline. In the tank 17 is the sedimentation and degassing of oil foam. At the same time, associated petroleum gas 24 due to the lower density compared with oil will accumulate in the upper part of the tank and be discharged into the atmosphere through the breathing valve 19, and the degassed oil 25 will remain in the lower part of the tank P-10.

At the same time, with the help of internal heaters 11, hot steam is supplied to the PBC. After that, the drain valve 4 is opened for pumping water through the pipeline 9. Having determined the water level 26 in the tank, the operator opens the necessary valve 4 of an additional dispensing pipe 2 for pumping crude oil through the pipe 3.

In the process of oil delivery, the operator periodically determines the water level in the tank and regulates the process of pumping oil with the help of additional and main dispensing pipes 2, corresponding valves 4 and pipeline 3.

Pumping crude oil, separating and draining water into a separate tank or well can reduce the overall oil level in the RCS, which

significantly reduces the likelihood of the release of oil foam in the proposed additional equipment. If the foam exceeds the permissible level, it enters the horizontal steel tank R-10. In this regard, there is no spillage of oil on the roof and walls of the tank.

After degassing the oil foam in the R-10 tank, the operator determines, using a metering rod, through the metering hatch 20, the amount of oil and, if necessary, using the pipe 21 and the gate valve 22, pumps oil into the tanker or tank provided for by the technological scheme. Moreover, to perform these operations, the operator does not need to climb and descend on the PBC.

Literature

1. GOST R 51858 Oil. General specifications. M .: GOSSTANDART, 2002.

2. L. A. Matskin et al. Operation of oil depots. M .: NEDRA, 1975-392 p.

3. I.A. Elansky, Yu.A. Matveev. Utility Model Patent No. 62909. A reservoir for storing the release and separation of crude oil from water.

4. Rules for the construction of vertical cylindrical steel tanks for oil and oil products. M. (Resolution of the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia No. 76) 2003.

5. I.A. Elansky, Yu.A. Matveev and others. Patent for utility model No. 46352. Device for determining the level of produced water in the tank.

6. Yu.A. Matveev, O.N. Vedmanov, and Yu.P. Martsev. Utility Model Patent No. 74206. A reservoir for receiving, storing and dispensing crude oil containing dissolved gas.

7 A.N. Volgushev et al. Equipment for gas stations. Tutorial. St. Petersburg: Watt, 2000 - 92 s.

Claims (1)

A tank for receiving crude oil, equipped with a device for trapping oil foam, having equipment mounted on a steel vertical tank for dark oil products and an additional device that includes a tank for receiving, storing and dispensing crude oil containing dissolved gas, characterized in that on the roof of the tank in addition, a pipe equipped with a pipeline with shut-off valves and a poppet valve is installed vertically, and a steel horizontal cutter is mounted on the ground surface R-10 vear, hermetically connected to the pipeline and equipped with a breathing valve to remove associated petroleum gases, a metering hatch and a pipeline with a valve for pumping out degassed oil.