RU84357U1 - INSTALLATION FOR RECEIVING AND DISCHARGE OF RAW OIL AND FILTRATION OF MECHANICAL IMPURITIES - Google Patents

Abstract

Installation for receiving and dispensing crude oil and filtering mechanical impurities, characterized in that two settling tanks are additionally installed on the receiving pipe of the tank, equipped with special inserts for filtering nets with cells of various diameters, manometers, pipelines with shut-off valves for supplying hot steam and for removing mechanical impurities, as well as equipped with special valves for directing oil to the second filter sump when filling the first.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to means for receiving and storing oil and oil products, and can be used in the oil industry for the reception, storage and delivery of crude oil containing mechanical impurities.

Crude oil means a liquid natural fossil mixture of hydrocarbons of a wide physicochemical composition, which contains water, solids, dissolved gas, and mineral salts [1].

The mechanical impurities contained in the crude oil enter the tank and settle to its bottom. At the same time, a dense sediment layer is formed unevenly on the bottom of the tank. The height of the sediment, consisting of mechanical impurities, can reach values of more than one meter. The maximum height is observed near the receiving valve of the tank.

The sediment layer in the vertical steel tank (PBC) leads to the following negative consequences in the operation of the oil company:

1. Reduces the useful capacity of the tank;

2. Increases the error in measuring the amount of oil in the tank;

3. Increases tank cleaning time;

4. Increases the likelihood of oil overflow when filling the PBC.

These shortcomings cause material damage to the oil company, complicate oil metering, and also increase the fire hazard of the facility.

Known reservoir for receiving, storage and separation of crude oil from water [2].

In this utility model, dispensing pipes, siphon taps and a drainage pipe are additionally installed on a tank for dark oil products equipped with heaters. In particular, instead of one dispensing nozzle and one siphon valve, three dispensing nozzles and three siphon valves are installed vertically at distances corresponding to the rules for constructing vertical, cylindrical, steel tanks for oil and oil products. The recommended values of the conditional passages of the nozzles are 100, 150, 200 and 250 mm [3]. The nozzles are equipped with valves of the corresponding diameter and piping communications.

At the same time, a drain pipe is welded to the bottom of the tank wall, which is equipped with a valve and a pipeline. Through the pipeline, water is pumped or by gravity to a separate tank, from where it is then pumped into a special well or tank.

Additional siphon taps are designed to determine the water level in the tank. The water level between siphon taps can be determined using a universal device for determining the levels of various liquids in tanks [4]. The use of the second and third additional dispensing pipes located above the main dispensing pipe, allows to solve the problem of more efficient delivery of crude oil from the proposed tank for further preparation. Installation of additional dispensing and drainage pipes, as well as siphon taps, allows continuous pumping of crude oil above the water level. In this case, simultaneously with the pumping, accelerated separation of water from crude oil will occur due to the use of internal heaters, as well as drainage of water from the tank using a drain pipe, gate valve and pipeline communications.

This tank allows you to solve the problem of a constant decrease in the level of crude oil, due to the pumping of oil liquid and water using additional equipment.

The disadvantages of this tank when taking crude oil are:

1. The absence of a device that significantly reduces the ingress of solids into the tank.

2. The presence of measurement errors due to sediment, consisting of mechanical impurities.

The closest in technical essence of the proposed utility model is a reservoir for receiving, storing and dispensing crude oil containing mechanical impurities.

In this utility model, the reservoir for receiving, storing and separating crude oil from water is additionally equipped with two filters settling tanks made in the form of a truncated cone and equipped with shut-off valves, pressure measuring instruments, and a device for removing solids.

The angle at the top of the cone is proposed no more than 60 degrees for the purpose of directed movement of the deposited particles down under the influence of gravitational forces. The design and working volume of the filter should provide a sufficient residence time of crude oil in the sump for the most complete deposition of coarse particulate matter, which are the main factor in the formation of sediment at the bottom of the RCS.

To a vertical steel tank, which has a receiving, distributing, drainage and ventilation pipe, valves, siphon taps, light and metering hatches, a manhole, a breathing valve, pipelines for receiving and dispensing oil and water, internal sectional heaters with steam in front of the valve The intake pipe is equipped with two sump filters with pressure gauges. Filters sedimentation tanks are equipped with piping and valves to remove mechanical impurities. Special valves are installed on the pipeline communications of the filters, which, when filled with mechanical impurities of the first filter of the sump, enable the second sump to work.

This tank allows you to solve the problem of partial sedimentation and removal of mechanical impurities contained in crude oil.

The disadvantages of this tank when taking crude oil are:

1. Low efficiency of filtration and sedimentation of mechanical impurities contained in crude oil.

2. The presence of measurement errors in the tank due to sediment, consisting of mechanical impurities.

The proposed utility model allows us to solve the problem of increasing the efficiency of the reception of crude oil containing mechanical impurities in RCS in order to further prepare it for the production of commercial oil. At the same time, the content of solids in the oil entering the reservoir is significantly reduced, as well as the sediment consisting of mechanical impurities at the bottom of the RVS.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that two filter screens with cells of various diameters are additionally installed in the sumps, and a pipeline with hot steam, equipped with shutoff valves, is supplied from the tank.

These signs are essential for solving the utility model problem, since the efficiency of filtration and sedimentation of crude oil containing mechanical impurities is increased, and the sediment content in the tank, the error in measuring the oil volume and the time for cleaning the tank are reduced.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings (Fig. 1, Fig. 2. Fig. 3), which depict: a section and a top view of the tank and filter sumps, as well as a vertical section of the sump along the line of the filter mesh.

The proposed tank 1, having receiving nozzles 2, a pipeline for oil delivery 3, valves 4, siphon taps 5, light and metering hatches 6, 7, a ventilation pipe 8, a manhole 9, a breathing valve 10, a pipe for receiving oil 11, sectional internal heaters 12 with steam 13, a drain pipe 14, a pipe for water drainage 15 with a drain valve 16, two filters of the settler 17, with manometers 18, are installed on the intake pipe. Filters of the settlers are equipped with pipelines 19 and valves 20 to remove mechanical impurities 21. On the pipeline communications of the filters of the sedimentation tanks, special valves 22 are installed, which, when filled with mechanical impurities of the first filter of the sedimentation tank, turn on the second sedimentation tank. Additionally, the settling tanks are equipped with two filter screens, with cells of different diameters 24, 25. A hot steam pipe 26 equipped with gate valves 27 is connected to the settling tanks 1. In the first half of the filter, a mesh with larger diameter cells is inserted into a special insert 28, and then a similar a mesh with cells of smaller diameter is inserted in this way.

The utility model works as follows. Through the intake pipe 11 and the corresponding valve 4, the crude oil with mechanical impurities enters the first sump 17, which is equipped with filtered screens 24, 25 with cells of various diameters and a hot steam supply pipe 26. The oil is heated in the filter, and part of the mechanical impurities 21 due to gravity forces are deposited at the bottom of the sump filter. The mechanical impurities of a larger diameter are retained by the mesh 24, and of a smaller diameter by the mesh 25. The filling of the filter is determined by the difference in the readings of the pressure gauges 18 installed before and after the sump. When filling the first filter of the sump using special valves 22, the oil is sent to the second filter. In this case, the mechanical impurities from the first sump are removed through the pipeline 19 by opening the gate valve 20. The steam supply using the gate valves 27 is switched from the first filter to the second.

Filled filtered nets from the first sump are removed from special insert 28 and replaced with new ones.

After passing the filter of the sump, crude oil enters the tank 1, which significantly reduces the amount of solids. In PBC, crude oil is heated using internal heaters 12 using hot steam 13. Water, due to its higher density, is deposited on the bottom of the tank. After that, the drain valve 16 opens for pumping water through the pipeline 15. Having determined the level of water 23 in the tank using siphon taps 5, the operator opens the necessary valve 4 of the pipeline for pumping crude oil 3.

Preliminary removal of mechanical impurities in the sump filter, as well as pumping crude oil, separating and draining water into a separate tank, can reduce the overall oil level in the RCS, which significantly reduces the likelihood of the release of oil foam.

The proposed utility model solves the problem of increasing the efficiency of reception and delivery of crude oil containing mechanical impurities.

Effective purification of oil from mechanical impurities allows you to:

1. Increase the capacity of the PBC.

2. To reduce the error in measuring the volume of oil and the time of cleaning the tank.

3. Reduce time and increase the cost-effectiveness of crude oil refining.

Literature

1. GOST R 51858 Oil. General specifications. M .: GOSSTANDART, 2002.

2. I.A. Elansky, Yu.A. Matveev. Utility Model Patent No. 62909. A tank for storing, dispensing and separating crude oil from water.

3. Rules for the construction of vertical cylindrical steel tanks for oil and oil products. M. (Resolution of the Gosgortekhnadzor of Russia No. 76) 2003.

4. I.A. Elansky, Yu.A. Matveev and others. Patent for utility model No. 46352. Device for determining the level of produced water in the tank.

5. Yu.A. Matveev, A.Yu. Bogdanov, A.D. Vyushin. Utility Model Patent No. 79535. A reservoir for the reception, storage and delivery of crude oil containing mechanical impurities.

Claims (1)

Installation for receiving and dispensing crude oil and filtering mechanical impurities, characterized in that two settling tanks are additionally installed on the receiving pipe of the tank, equipped with special inserts for filtering nets with cells of various diameters, manometers, pipelines with shut-off valves for supplying hot steam and for removing mechanical impurities, as well as equipped with special valves for directing oil to the second filter sump when filling the first.