RU67466U1 - SILTER FOR SEPARATION FROM WATER OIL PRODUCTS AND MECHANICAL IMPURITIES - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to sedimentation tanks of the gravitational principle of action for separating water and mechanical impurities from oil products and can be used in warehouses and fuel bases for dividing watered and contaminated oil products into phases. The sump for separating water and mechanical impurities from oil products contains a vertical cylindrical tank, in the lower part of the housing of which there is a supply pipe for the purified oil product with a flow distributor fixed to it, a water discharge pipe and a drain pipe for the purified oil product, taken from the upper layer through a pipe placed in the tank. The pipe is mounted on the drain pipe of the refined oil product with the possibility of rotation. The sump is equipped with two floats, one of which is fixed to the free end of the pipe, the end of which is plugged. The second float has a ring shape, inside of which a funnel is fixed along its upper edge. The exit from the funnel is connected to the pipe by a flexible hollow connection. The place of attachment of the flexible hollow connection to the pipe is removed from the blanked end of the pipe by a distance l ₁ , the length of which exceeds the sum of the diameters of the floats by no more than 10% 3 sludge.

Description

The utility model relates to sedimentation tanks of the gravitational principle of operation for separating water and mechanical impurities from oil products and can be used in warehouses and fuel bases for dividing into phases watered and contaminated oil products formed after cleaning tanks and collecting emergency spills.

From the practice of operating tanks it follows that in warehouses and fuel bases sometimes a large amount of substandard oil products accumulate as a result of tank cleaning, extinguishing a fire and collecting emergency spills.

To ensure the possibility of using the separated oil products for their intended purpose and to discharge the water purified from oil products into industrial reservoirs or sewers in warehouses and fuel bases, it is necessary to have sedimentation tanks with the volume corresponding to the alleged emergency spills. As a rule, the capacity of such a sump should be at least the capacity of one tank in a group. Instead of one settling tank of the indicated capacity, there can be two or more settling tanks with a total capacity corresponding to the capacity of one tank in a group.

Known sump for separation of the emulsion, including a vertical cylindrical container and an emulsion distributor, made in the form of a horizontal pipe for the input of the emulsion and a set of consecutive guiding chippers in the form of truncated cones. The nozzles of the emulsion and water discharge distributor are located in the lower part of the tank, and the pipe for the removal of purified liquid is located in the upper part of the tank (RU No. 2222265, class V01D 17/04, 12/20/2004).

The disadvantage of this sump is that the location of the outlet pipe of the purified liquid in the upper part of the tank does not allow to drain the purified liquid from the tank after the supply of the emulsion is stopped. In addition, the implementation of the emulsion dispenser in the form of a set of vertically arranged chippers creates a divergent flow of the emulsion, which is mixed with the settled oil and the settled water.

Also known is a sump for separating water and solids from oil products, containing a tank with nozzles for draining water, dehydrated oil, gas outlet and supplying cleaned liquid with an expander mounted on it inside the tank for distribution of the fluid flow entering the tank, made in the form of a box, the upper and whose lower walls are placed in horizontal planes, and the side walls and internal partitions are fan-shaped in vertical planes. In this case, the nozzles for supplying the purified oil product and water drain are located in the lower part of the tank body, and the nozzle for draining the purified oil product is located in the upper part of the tank body. (RU No. 54317 U1, class V01D 21/02, 01/31/2006).

The disadvantage of this sedimentation tank is that the discharge of pure oil is possible only during the supply of contaminated oil to the tank and the discharge of the oil remaining in the tank after the supply of liquid is stopped due to the location of the oil discharge pipe in the upper part of the tank body.

The closest in technical essence is a sump for separating water from oil, containing a tank with a horizontal perforated pipe for supplying oil-water emulsion and pipes for draining dehydrated oil and water. The perforated nozzle has openings on the sides and bottom and is located at a height of 0.2-1.0 m from the bottom, and the nozzle for draining dehydrated oil inside the tank is made vertical with the possibility of oil extraction at a level of at least 7 m from the bottom. The water-oil emulsion supply pipe and oil and water drain pipes are located in the lower

parts of the tank body (RU No. 18236 U1, CL. B01D 19/00, 11/08/2000 - prototype).

The disadvantage of this sump is that drainage of dehydrated oil is possible only in the process of supplying a water-oil emulsion to the tank. After the supply of the oil-water emulsion to the tank stops draining of dehydrated oil, the oil layer remains in the tank at a level of 7 m from the bottom, which is practically impossible to drain. In addition, the presence of perforation on the pipe for supplying an oil-water emulsion from the lower side leads to mixing of the emulsion with settled water.

The technical result of the utility model is to increase the efficiency of the operation of the sump due to the creation of the possibility of complete discharge of the refined oil product.

This technical result is achieved in that a sump for separating water and mechanical impurities from oil products, consisting of a vertical cylindrical tank, in the lower part of the casing of which there is a pipe for supplying a purified oil product with a flow distributor fixed to it, a water drain pipe and a drain pipe for purified oil to be selected according to the proposed model, the sump is equipped with two floats from the top layer through a pipe placed in the tank, the pipe is fixed to the eye discharge pipe of the oil product with the possibility of rotation at a given angle in the vertical plane, the free end of this pipe is plugged, one of the floats is fixed to the plugged end of the pipe, and the second float has a ring shape, inside of which a funnel for collecting the purified oil product is fixed along its upper edge, the exit of which by means of a flexible hollow connection, it is communicated with the pipe cavity at a point remote from the muffled pipe end by a distance l ₁ whose length exceeds the sum of the diameters of the floats by no more than 10%.

Figure 1 presents a General view of the sump for separation from oil of water and solids;

figure 2 - the same (view aa in figure 1 with the horizontal position of the swivel pipe);

figure 3 is the same (node 1 in Fig 1).

The sump for separating water and solids from oil products contains a vertical cylindrical tank 1 with nozzles 2, 3, 4, 5 draining the water and the refined oil product, venting the gas and supplying the contaminated oil product, respectively.

On the pipe 5 for supplying contaminated oil inside the tank 1, a flow distributor 6 is rigidly fixed, made according to patent RU No. 54317 of January 31, 2006 in the form of a box, the upper and lower walls of which are placed in the horizontal plane, and the side walls in the vertical plane. Correctly diverging vertical partitions are installed inside the box.

A rotary device 7 is mounted on the pipe 3 for draining the refined oil inside the tank 1, on which the pipe 8 is mounted so that it can be lifted vertically. The rotary device 7 is equipped with a support 9 located on the bottom of the tank 1 and a limiter 10 of the angle of rotation of the pipe 8 in the vertical plane. A plug 11 is installed at the end of the pipe 8. A float 12 is installed at the free end of the pipe 8, which ensures the pipe 8 is lifted in the oil product, a support bracket 13 that fixes the position of the pipe 8 in the lower position, and a connecting device 14 to which the flexible hollow connection 15 is connected, the second the end of which is connected to a drain device consisting of an annular float 16, a funnel 17 and a regulator 18 for the immersion depth of the annular float 16 in the oil product, mounted on the annular float 16 using pins 19.

As a rotary device 7, a known swivel joint can be used, and as a limiter 10 of the angle of rotation of the lifting pipe, a cable or chain.

As a flexible hollow connection 15, an elastic sleeve or a corrugated hose can be used.

The connection of the flexible hollow connection 15 with the pipe 8 can be made in the form of a pipe or any other device. The place of attachment of the flexible hollow connection 15 to the pipe 8 is removed from the muffled end of the pipe at a distance l ₁ .

The regulator 18 of the immersion depth of the annular float 16 in the oil product is a set of thin plate rings with holes for pins 19.

For the manufacture of the sump, as a rule, steel vertical tanks with a capacity of 100 to 1000 m ³ , commercially available by industry, are used. As a nozzle 3 for draining the refined oil product, a standardized receiving and distributing nozzle already available on the reservoir is used, to which a rotary device 7 is connected inside the reservoir, using a standard hinge, the brand of which is selected depending on the diameter d _{1 of the} nozzle for draining the refined oil. A pipe 8 is connected to the opposite flange of the rotary device 7, the diameter d _{2 of} which is selected depending on the diameter d _{1 of the} pipe 3. The length L _{tr of} pipe 8 is standardized depending on the capacity of the tank and is L _tr = (0.7 ÷ 0.75) · D _res .

The diameter of the pipe 5 for supplying contaminated oil is usually taken equal to the diameter d _{1 of the} pipe 3.

The overall dimensions of the float 12 (diameter d ₃ and length l ₃ ) are determined by calculation from the condition that the free end of the pipe 8 is lifted due to the buoyancy of the oil product. In this case, the total mass of the pipe 8 and the float 12 should be less than the mass of the oil displaced by the float.

An example of calculating the overall dimensions of the float 12 is shown in the table.

In order to simplify the calculations and based on practice, standard barrels with a capacity of 100 and 250 liters are used as floats.

Table - Example of calculating the overall dimensions of the float 12 Tank capacity, m ³ Tank diameter
D _rez , m Diameter of a branch pipe, d ₁ , mm Pipe diameter, d ₂ ,
mm Pipe length, Ltr, m Pipe wall thickness, mm Weight of the pipe, kg The mass of the float, kg The total mass of the pipe and float, kg The mass of oil displaced by the float 200 6.63 one hundred one hundred 4.80 2.2 29th 26 * 55 73 400 8.53 one hundred one hundred 6.30 2.2 38 26 * 64 73 700 10.43 150 150 7.30 3.2 99 58 ** 157 200 1000 12.33 150 150 9.30 3.2 126 58 ** 184 200 Note: * - barrel mass with a capacity of 100 l according to GOST 6247
** - barrel mass with a capacity of 275 l according to GOST 6247

From the table it follows that for sedimentation tanks with a capacity of 200 and 400 m ³ with pipes with a diameter of 100 mm, barrels with a capacity of 100 l according to GOST 6247 with overall dimensions can be used as a float: diameter - 422 mm; length - 709 mm.

For sedimentation tanks with a capacity of 700 and 1000 m ³ with swivel pipes with a diameter of 150 mm, drums with a capacity of 275 l according to GOST 6247 with overall dimensions: diameter - 629 mm, length - 950 mm can be used as a float.

The overall dimensions of the annular float 16 are determined experimentally based on the condition of continuous gravity flow of refined oil into the pipe 8. Experimental studies have established that the inner diameter of the annular float d ₅ must be at least two pipe diameters 8. The outer diameter d _{4 of the} annular float and its height is determined from the condition of ensuring its buoyancy in the oil product.

The distance l ₁ from the end of the rotary pipe 8 to the point of attachment to the pipe by a flexible hollow connection 15 is determined by calculation and experimental means. This distance should not exceed the sum of the diameters of the floats by no more than 10%.

With a value of l ₁ <1.1 (d ₃ + d ₄ ) and the position of the rotary pipe 8 at an angle of 60 ° to the horizontal line, the annular float 15 touches the float 12, as a result of which the immersion depth of the annular float 16 in the oil product set with the regulator 18 is violated. With a value of l ₁ > 1.1 (d ₃ + d ₄ ), the length l _{2 of the} flexible hollow coupling 15 increases, which necessitates an increase in the overall dimensions of the annular float 16.

The sump for separating water from oil and mechanical impurities works as follows.

Through pipe 5, contaminated oil is supplied to the tank. Due to the presence of a flow distributor, the contaminated oil product spreads in the tank in a horizontal plane and does not mix with the settled water and oil product.

In the process of supplying a contaminated oil product to the reservoir, it occupies the space between the water layer and the oil product layer, where gravitational separation of the oil product, water and mechanical impurities takes place.

The thickness of the layer of refined oil in the tank depends on the performance of its supply to the tank and the diameter of the vertical tank.

Oil vapor is discharged through pipe 4.

Drainage of the refined oil product begins after filling the tank at half its height. During this time, the oil product will be cleaned of water and mechanical impurities.

The filling height of the tank is governed by the performance of the supply of contaminated oil and the performance of the drained.

After stopping the supply of contaminated oil to the tank, the refined oil from it can be completely drained. When the ring float 16 drops to the water level, it floats in the water and the flow of oil into the funnel 18 stops.

The use of a utility model will improve the efficiency of the operation of the sump.

Claims (1)

A sump for separating water and mechanical impurities from oil products, consisting of a vertical cylindrical tank, in the lower part of the body of which there is a pipe for supplying a purified oil product with a flow distributor fixed to it, a water discharge pipe and a drain pipe for purified oil removed from the upper layer through a container a pipe, characterized in that the sump is equipped with two floats, the pipe is fixed to the discharge pipe of the refined oil product with the possibility of rotation to a given angle in the vertical plane, the free end of this pipe is plugged, one of the floats is fixed to the plugged end of the pipe, and the second float has a ring shape, inside of which a funnel is mounted at its upper edge for collecting refined petroleum products, the output of which is communicated via flexible hollow connection with a pipe cavity at a point remote from the plugged pipe end by a distance l ₁ , the length of which exceeds the sum of the diameters of the floats by no more than 10%.