RU200189U1 - Level switch equipped with vibrating tubes - Google Patents

Abstract

The level switch equipped with vibrating tubes belongs to overfill prevention devices and can be used in the oil industry. The level switch is equipped with three vibrating tubes of different lengths, all tubes are connected to corresponding frequency converters, which respectively trigger light and sound signals, as well as relays in order to turn off the pump and close the solenoid valve. The technical result is achieved by recording the frequency of oscillations by three vibrating tubes of the signaling device alternately when their oil level reaches with the subsequent transmission of data to frequency converters, while after the oil product reaches the first tube, a light signal is turned on, when the oil product reaches the second tube, an audible signal is turned on signal, and when the oil product reaches the third tube, a relay is turned on to turn off the pump and close the solenoid valve. uboka, allows to protect each ground vertical tank from overfilling with oil.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to devices for receiving various liquids into tanks and can be used in the oil and other industries.

The proposed utility model is most applicable when receiving oil products and oil at industrial enterprises and oil depots equipped with ground vertical steel tanks (RVS).

Pollution of the lithosphere and hydrosphere occurs as a result of leaks of oil products, oil and other liquids from tanks and pipelines, overflows of VST, spills from sleeves, tank trucks and other reasons. Overfilling of tanks with various liquids is caused by malfunction of devices to prevent overfilling of fuel, human factor associated with operator errors, as well as the lack of an automatic system that allows the pump to turn off when the liquid reaches the maximum permissible level.

Typical features in the operation of oil depots and industrial enterprises are the receipt of various liquids from railway tanks and pipeline transport, as well as storage of marketable products in tanks. This means significant losses from overflows when filling the tanks.

The fight against losses of oil products and other liquids from overflows into reservoirs is becoming an important ecological and economic task [Kovalenko V.G. Environmental safety in oil product supply systems and road transport. M .: LitNefteGaz, 2004].

Known tank with a double bottom, equipped with a device to prevent overflows and installation for capturing vapors of petroleum products [Matveev YU.A. et al. Patent No. 108027 dated 09/10/2011. M .: VNIIGPE].

The prospective vertical steel tank is additionally equipped with a device to prevent overflow of oil products, including a movable and contact plate, connected by communication lines with a relay, a pump and an electromagnetic valve, and a pipeline is also equipped to prevent overflow of oil products when the maximum level is reached with a check valve and a gate valve. In this case, the pipeline is connected to a steam pipeline for capturing vapors of petroleum products, which is connected to a buried reservoir. The recessed tank is half filled with a low-octane component and is equipped with a device for receiving vapors of oil products with two baffles for crushing steam bubbles.

An additional pipeline for receiving vapors is equipped underground with a pipeline - a refrigerator filled with water (cooling liquid) and equipped with filling and drain valves.

The technical device works as follows. The oil product enters the tank. In this case, the fuel level begins to increase, and, accordingly, the volume of the steam space decreases. In order to capture vapors during large breaths, a breathing valve, a check valve are opened and through a steam line connected to an additional tank equipped with a receiving device, vapors enter the tank with a low-octane oil product. At the same time, part of gaseous hydrocarbons as a result of the fragmentation of bubbles by two partitions with holes of different diameters is absorbed by low-octane oil product. The undissolved part of gaseous hydrocarbons at the outlet from the reservoir is captured by an absorber filter.

In this case, most of the vapors are converted into liquid due to cooling in the underground section of the pipeline located in the refrigerator pipeline.

As the temperature rises, the vapor space pressure increases. At the same time, the breathing valve, the non-return valve are opened, and through the steam line connected to an additional tank equipped with a receiving device, the vapors enter the tank with the low-octane component.

When the fuel level reaches the movable plate, it begins to rise and is connected to the contact plate. A 12 volt current through the communication line enters the relay and turns it off and the pump. After removing the voltage, the current through the communication line ceases to flow to the coil winding of the solenoid valve, which closes the hole in the pipeline for receiving and issuing fuel with a control gate.

In the event of a malfunction or absence of a system for preventing the overflow of combustible oil under pressure, the solenoid valve opens and through the pipeline, the steam pipeline enters the buried tank.

The disadvantages of the described reservoir when receiving, storing and dispensing petroleum products are:

1. Possibility of water hammer in the pipeline.

2. Possibility of an emergency due to pump shutdown.

3. Low efficiency of the device to prevent overfilling when receiving various liquids.

Also known is a tank equipped with a vibrating level switch and an installation for capturing vapors of oil products [Matveev Yu.A. and others. Patent No. 155876 dated 20.10.2015. M .: VNIIGPE].

The principle of operation of a vibrating level switch is based on the dependence of the frequency and amplitude of vibrations of the vibrating fork on the medium in the tank. Plugging the plug into oil or other liquid causes a sharp decrease in the frequency and amplitude of oscillations [Prakhova M.Yu. Basics of automation of production processes in oil and gas production. M .: Academy, 2012].

The vertical steel tank, which has standard and additional equipment, is additionally equipped with a vibration-type level switch, including a housing with a cable entry, a tube and a vibration fork. The level switch is connected by communication lines by a frequency converter, which in turn is connected to a relay. The relay is connected by communication lines with the pump, solenoid valve and sound signaling device.

The utility model works as follows. Through the receiving pipeline, the oil product enters the tank. In this case, the fuel level begins to increase, and, accordingly, the volume of the steam space decreases.

When the fuel level reaches the vibration fork, the oscillation frequency changes in the level switch, which is registered by the frequency converter via the communication line. The frequency converter through the communication line switches on the relay, which switches off the pump. After removing the voltage, the current through the communication line ceases to flow to the coil winding of the solenoid valve, which closes the hole in the pipeline for receiving and issuing fuel with a control gate. Also, at the same time, the relay turns on an audible signaling device to signal to the operator that the oil product (oil) reaches the maximum level.

The disadvantages of a tank equipped with a vibrating level switch and an oil vapor recovery unit are:

1. The possibility of a water hammer in the pipeline when the solenoid valve is suddenly closed, followed by an emergency.

2. Lack of a time interval for the operator to turn off the pump and open or close the valves on the tanks.

3. Low efficiency of the vibration level switch when receiving various liquids.

Also known is a vibration level switch with an additional pump shutdown device [Matveev Yu.A. et al. Patent No. 164956 dated 6.10.2016. M .: VNIIGPE].

Vertical steel tank, has inlet and outlet nozzles, pipeline for receiving and dispensing oil and oil products, gate valves, skylight and gauge hatches, ventilation nozzle, high pressure breathing valve, hatch, working pressure breathing valve.

The tank is additionally equipped with a vibration-type level switch, which includes a housing with a cable entry, a tube and a vibration fork. The level switch is equipped with two plates: movable and fixed. The fixed plate is a contact and is connected by a communication line to the relay. The level switch is connected to the frequency converter by communication lines. The frequency converter, in turn, is connected to the sound signal, and the relay is connected by communication lines to the pump and the solenoid valve. All equipment is located on the surface of the earth.

The utility model works as follows. Through the receiving pipeline, the oil product enters the tank. In this case, the fuel level begins to increase, and, accordingly, the volume of the steam space decreases.

When the fuel level reaches the vibration fork, the oscillation frequency changes in the level switch, which is registered by the frequency converter via the communication line. The frequency converter turns on the sound signal via the communication line. Upon receipt of a signal, the operator has the ability to close the valves for receiving fuel into the tank or turn off the pump.

In the event of a malfunction of the sound signal or the absence of an operator, oil continues to flow into the tank. When the fuel level reaches the movable plate, it begins to rise and is connected to the fixed (contact) plate. A 12 volt current through the communication line enters the relay and turns it off and the pump. After removing the voltage, the current through the communication line ceases to flow to the coil winding of the solenoid valve, which closes the hole in the pipeline for receiving and issuing fuel with a control gate.

The disadvantages of a vibrating level switch with an additional pump shutdown device are:

1. The presence of a short time interval for the operator to turn off the pump and open or close the valves on the tanks when receiving oil products.

2. Low efficiency of the vibration level switch when receiving various liquids.

The closest to this problem is a vibration level switch designed for crude oil tanks [Matveev Yu.A. et al. Patent No. 169948 dated April 7, 2017. M .: VNIIGPE].

Vertical steel tank, has inlet and outlet nozzles, pipeline for receiving and dispensing oil and oil products, gate valves, skylight and gauge hatches, ventilation nozzle, high pressure breathing valve, hatch, working pressure breathing valve.

The tank is additionally equipped with a vibration-type level switch, which includes a housing with cable glands, a bushing and a vibration fork. The level switch is equipped with an additional unit with vibrating tube. Moreover, the vibrating tube is located in the tank below the vibrating fork at a distance of 30-50 cm. Filling this distance with oil foam allows the operator to have time to close the valves and turn off the pump. The rate of foam formation increases with increasing gas content in the oil, as well as during periods of high ambient temperatures.

Also, the signaling device is equipped with two plates: movable and fixed. The fixed plate is a contact and is connected by a communication line to the relay. The level switch is connected by communication lines to a frequency converter for a vibration fork. The frequency converter, in turn, is connected to the sound signal, and the relay is connected by communication lines to the pump and the solenoid valve. An additional level switch unit is connected with communication lines to a frequency converter for a vibrating tube. The frequency converter, in turn, is connected to the video signal.

The utility model works as follows. The crude oil enters the tank through the receiving pipeline. When crude oil with a high gas content enters the reservoir, a layer of foam of different heights is formed. Due to the extremely low foam density and varying foam heights, it is difficult for the operator to determine when the foam level will exceed the maximum allowable value. In this case, the fuel level begins to increase, and, accordingly, the volume of the steam space decreases. With the formation of oil foam, it reaches the vibrating tube, while the vibration frequency changes, which is recorded by the frequency converter through the communication line. The frequency converter turns on the video signal via the communication line. Moreover, if a layer of oil foam reaches the vibrating tube, a lamp of one color (for example, red) lights up, and when the tube reaches a layer of oil, a lamp of a different color (for example, green) lights up. Upon receipt of the signal, the operator has the opportunity to prepare his further actions, depending on which layer (oil foam or oil) has reached the vibrating tube. Considering that oil foam fills the reservoir much faster than oil, it is advisable to start closing the valves when the foam level reaches the pipe. When oil touches the vibrating tube, the operator can wait until the fill level reaches the vibrating bushing.

After receiving a sound signal, the operator has the ability to close the valves for receiving oil into the tank or turn off the pump.

In the event of a malfunction of the sound signal or the absence of an operator, oil continues to flow into the tank. When the fuel level reaches the movable plate, it begins to rise and is connected to the fixed (contact) plate. Volt current through the communication line enters the relay and turns it off, as well as the pump. After removing the voltage, the current through the communication line ceases to flow to the coil winding of the solenoid valve, which closes the hole in the pipeline for receiving and issuing fuel with a control gate.

The disadvantages of a vibrating level switch designed for crude oil tanks are:

1. The presence of a short time interval for the operator to turn off the pump and open or close the valves on the reservoirs when receiving liquid.

2. Possibility of failure of the movable plate due to sticking of high-viscosity products, ingress of mechanical impurities, rusting, etc.

The proposed useful model allows solving the problem of increasing the efficiency of preventing the overflow of various oil products from reservoirs.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that the signaling device, in addition to the existing tube, is equipped with two vibrating tubes, while all three tubes have different lengths and are connected through communication lines to the corresponding frequency converters, and also by the fact that frequency converters from different tubes are connected with a light signal, sound signal and relay.

These features are essential for solving the problem of a utility model, since the overflow of oil products from the reservoir is prevented, and the likelihood of emergencies decreases.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings (Fig. 1, Fig. 2), which show: sections of the tank with a signaling device and equipment, as well as a front view of a vibrating level switch.

Vertical steel tank 1, has inlet and outlet nozzles 2, pipeline for receiving oil 3, valves 4, skylight and gauge hatches 5,6, ventilation nozzle 7, high pressure breathing valve 8, hatch hole 9, breathing valve of working pressure 10. The tank is additionally equipped with a vibration-type level switch 11, which includes a housing 12 with cable entries 13, a sleeve 14 and vibrating tubes of various lengths 15, 16, 17.

Moreover, the first vibrating tube 15 is in the tank below the second vibrating tube 16 at a distance of 20-30 cm. And the third tube 17 is above the second tube 16 at a distance of 20-30 cm. Filling these distances with oil allows the operator to have time to close the valves and turn off the pump.

Also, the level indicator is connected by communication lines 18 to frequency converters 19 for vibrating tubes 15, 16, 17. In this case, the frequency converter 19, which receives the oscillation frequency from the tube 15, is connected to the light signal 20, and the frequency converter 19, which receives the oscillation frequency from the tube 16 , is associated with the sound signal 21.

It should be noted that the frequency converter 19 receiving the oscillation frequency from the tube 17 is connected to the relay 22.

Relay 22 is connected by communication lines with pump 23 and solenoid valve 24.

The utility model works as follows. Through the receiving pipeline 3, the oil product 25 enters the tank 1.

The level of oil product 25 in the reservoir begins to increase, and accordingly the volume of the steam space 26 decreases. The oil product reaches the first vibrating tube 15, while the frequency of the oscillations changes, which is registered by the corresponding frequency converter via the communication line 18. The frequency converter through the communication line turns on the light signal 20. Upon receiving the light signal, the operator has the opportunity to prepare his further actions. Taking into account the fact that the oil product continues to flow into the tank, it is advisable to prepare to close the valve and turn off the pump. After the oil product reaches the second vibrating tube 16, the vibration frequency also changes, which is registered by the corresponding frequency converter via the communication line 18. The frequency converter through the communication line turns on the sound signal 21.

After receiving a sound signal, the operator has the opportunity to close the valves 4 for receiving oil into the tank and turn off the pump 23.

In the event of a malfunction of the light and sound signals 20,21 or the absence of an operator, the oil product 25 continues to flow into the tank. When the oil level reaches the tube 17, the oscillation frequency changes, which is registered by the corresponding frequency converter 19 through the communication line. The frequency converter through the communication line turns on the relay 22. The 12 volt current through the communication line 18 enters the relay 22 and turns off the pump 23.

After removing the voltage, the current through the communication line ceases to flow to the coil winding of the solenoid valve 24, which closes the opening in the pipeline for receiving and dispensing oil product 3 with a control gate.

The use of level switches equipped with vibrating tubes to provide light and sound signals, as well as to turn off the pump and close the solenoid valve, protects each ground VST from overflowing with oil.

The use of the proposed utility model makes it possible to avoid the occurrence of emergency situations associated with overflows, as well as to increase the operator's work efficiency when receiving oil products into the tanks.

Claims (1)

A level switch equipped with vibrating tubes, including a housing with cable entries, a bushing, a vibrating tube, a relay, frequency converters, communication lines, a sound signal, characterized in that the level switch is equipped with two vibrating tubes in addition to the existing tube, while all three tubes have different length and through communication lines are connected to the corresponding frequency converters, as well as the fact that the frequency converters from various tubes are connected with a light signal, sound signal and relay.

Images