RU200133U1 - Crude oil receiving tank equipped with a unit for capturing associated petroleum gas - Google Patents

Abstract

A crude oil receiving tank equipped with a unit for capturing associated petroleum gas refers to a means of capturing vapors and gases from tanks. The utility model can be applied in the oil industry. The technical device contains a vertical tank, a chute, a steam line, internal sectional heaters, a breathing valve, a gas pipeline, a check valve, a horizontal tank, a pressure gauge, a gas pipeline section and a compressor. An expansion tank is additionally installed on the gas pipeline and a lower check valve, and the pressure gauge is equipped with two upper and lower electronic contacts, with the possibility of turning on and off the compressor through the communication lines and relays. The technical result is achieved by the flow of associated gas from the vertical tank into the gas pipeline and the expansion tank with further supply through the lower check valve into the horizontal tank P-10, as well as the fact that with an increase in pressure in the P-10 reservoir, the pressure gauge needle touches the upper contact, with the subsequent activation of the compressor to pump out the gas, while after the pressure drop in the reservoir, the pressure gauge needle touches the lower contact and the comp It should be noted that the expansion tank avoids a significant increase in the pressure of oil gas in the pipeline, and the resulting gas is used for industrial and domestic purposes.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to the means of receiving oil, and can be applied in the oil industry for receiving, storing and dispensing crude oil containing dissolved gas.

The proposed utility model is most applicable when receiving crude oil into vertical steel tanks (RVS) with a volume of 1000-5000 cubic meters. Crude oil means a liquid natural fossil mixture of hydrocarbons of a wide physical and chemical composition, which contains water, dissolved gas, mineral salts and mechanical impurities [GOST R 51858 Oil. General technical conditions. M .: GOSSTANDART, 2002].

Petroleum gas is a gas dissolved in oil under reservoir conditions [Oil and Gas Microencyclopedia. A quick reference guide to basic oil and gas terms with a cross-reference system. Russian State University of Oil and Gas THEM. Gubkina: M. - 2005].

This gas is released during the exploitation of oil deposits as a result of a decrease in reservoir pressure below the bubble point pressure. By composition, petroleum gases are subdivided into:

- hydrocarbon;

- hydrocarbon with an admixture of carbon dioxide;

- hydrocarbon with nitrogen admixture;

- hydrocarbon-nitrogen.

Gas dissolved in crude oil forms petroleum foam, which is a dispersed two-phase system consisting of cells filled with gas and separated by oil films. The density of the oil foam can vary widely from 0.5 liquid density to values close to the gas density. The height of the oil foam can reach several meters and depends on the content of dissolved gas in the oil, temperature, pressure, the rate of oil supply to the reservoir, as well as other factors.

Known reservoir for receiving, storing and separating crude oil from water [I.A. Elansky, Yu.A. Matveev. Utility model patent No. 62909 dated 05/10/2007].

In this utility model, dispensing nozzles, siphon taps and a drainage nozzle are additionally installed on a tank for dark oil products equipped with heaters. In particular, instead of one dispensing nozzle and one siphon valve, several dispensing nozzles and several siphon valves are installed vertically. The branch pipes are equipped with valves of the appropriate diameter and pipelines.

At the same time, a drainage pipe is welded to the lower part of the tank wall, which is equipped with a valve and a pipeline. Through the pipeline, water, with the help of a pump or by gravity, flows into a separate tank, from where it is then pumped out into a special well or container.

Additional siphon taps are designed to determine the water level in the tank. The use of the second and third additional dispensing nozzles located above the main dispensing nozzle allows solving the problem of more efficient delivery of crude oil from the proposed reservoir for further preparation. The installation of additional dispensing and drainage nozzles, as well as siphon valves allows continuous pumping of crude oil that is above the water level. At the same time, simultaneously with pumping, there will be an accelerated separation of water from crude oil due to the use of internal heaters, as well as drainage of water from the reservoir using a drainage pipe, gate valve and pipeline communications.

The disadvantages of this reservoir when receiving and dispensing crude oil with a high gas content are:

1. Absence of a device preventing the release of oil foam on the roof and walls of the tank.

2. Lack of a device to separate the associated petroleum gas.

Also known is a reservoir for receiving crude oil, equipped with a device for capturing oil foam [Yu.A. Matveev et al. Patent for utility model No. 82200 dated 20.04.2009].

In this technical solution, a tank with inlet and outlet pipes, pipelines for receiving and dispensing oil, valves, skylight and gauge hatches, a ventilation pipe, a breathing valve, a pipe for water drainage, a hatchway, internal sectional heaters, siphon taps additionally vertically a branch pipe is installed on the roof of the tank, equipped with a pipeline with a gate valve and a low pressure poppet valve, while the pipeline is connected to a horizontal steel tank with a volume of 10 m ³ . The steel tank is hermetically connected to the pipeline and installed on the ground. The R-10 reservoir is equipped with a breathing valve to remove associated petroleum gases during crude oil degassing, a gauge hatch, and a pipeline with a valve for pumping oil.

The tank for receiving crude oil, equipped with a device for capturing oil foam works as follows. The crude oil with dissolved associated gas enters the reservoir through the inlet pipe and the corresponding valve.

When crude oil with a high gas content enters the reservoir, a layer of foam of different heights is formed. The foam, reaching the roof of the tank, raises the poppet valve and flows through the pipeline into a horizontal steel tank, which is tightly connected to the pipeline. In the reservoir, the oil foam settles and degassing. At the same time, associated petroleum gas, due to its lower density compared to oil, will accumulate in the upper part of the reservoir and be discharged into the atmosphere through the breathing valve, while the degassed oil will remain in the lower part of the R-10 reservoir.

At the same time, hot steam is supplied to the RVS with the help of internal heaters. After that, the drain valve is opened to pump out water through the pipeline. Having determined the water level in the tank, the operator opens the necessary valve of the additional dispensing pipe for pumping the crude oil through the pipeline.

In the process of dispensing oil, the operator periodically determines the level of water in the tank and regulates the process of pumping oil using additional and main dispensing nozzles and corresponding valves.

If the foam exceeds the permissible level, it falls into the horizontal steel tank R-10. In this regard, there is no spillage of oil on the roof and walls of the tank.

After degassing the oil foam in the R-10 reservoir, the operator determines the amount of oil with the help of a meter rod through the gauge hatch and, if necessary, pumping oil into a tanker truck or a reservoir provided for by the technological scheme using a pipeline and a valve.

The disadvantages of a tank for receiving crude oil, equipped with a device for capturing oil foam when receiving and dispensing crude oil with a high gas content, are:

1. Lack of your own device that allows you to separate the associated petroleum gas

2. Removal of associated petroleum gas into the atmosphere.

The closest in technical essence of the proposed utility model is a tank for receiving crude oil, equipped with a device for capturing oil foam and separating associated petroleum gas [Yu.A. Matveev et al. Utility model patent No. 129489 dated 06/27/2013].

A multi-stage chute is additionally installed inside the VST inside the VST.

A section of the steam pipeline is mounted along the contour of the trough, from the internal sectional heaters, while the inlet pipeline is installed in the upper part of the tank, equipped with a check valve and is intended for supplying crude oil.

The chute is rigidly mounted to the wall and bottom of the tank, has steps for separating associated petroleum gas of various densities, and the section of the steam line along the contour is attached to the chute, also in the lower part, the section of the steam line is connected to internal sectional heaters, and in the upper part it rests on the wall of the tank. In the middle, the trough and the steam line rest on a support.

The utility model works as follows. The crude oil with the dissolved gas enters the trough of the vertical tank through the inlet pipeline with the check valve and the corresponding valve. The gutter is heated from below by a section of the steam line connected to the internal sectional heaters. Increasing the temperature in the trough increases the rate of separation of associated petroleum gases.

With increasing pressure, the associated petroleum gases lift the poppet valve of the vertical steel tank and through the pipeline enter the ground horizontal steel tank, where they then enter the gas pipeline through the poppet valve of the R-10 tank for further industrial use.

Also, when crude oil with a high gas content enters the reservoir, a layer of foam of different heights is formed. The foam, upon reaching the roof of the tank, lifts the poppet valve and flows through the pipeline into a horizontal steel tank, which is hermetically connected to the pipeline. In the reservoir, the oil foam settles and degassing. In this case, the associated petroleum gas, due to its lower density, rises up the reservoir and enters the gas pipeline through the poppet valve, and the degassed oil will remain in the lower part of the R-10 reservoir.

With the help of steam lines and internal heaters, hot steam is supplied to the RVS. After that, the valve for pumping water through the pipeline opens. Having determined the water level in the tank with the help of siphon taps, the operator opens the necessary valve of the additional dispensing pipe for pumping crude oil through the pipeline.

After degassing the oil foam in the R-10 tank, the operator, using a gauge hatch, determines the amount of oil and, if necessary, pumping oil into a tanker truck or a tank provided for by the technological scheme using a pipeline and a valve.

The disadvantages of the tank for receiving crude oil, equipped with a device for capturing oil foam and separating associated petroleum gas, are:

1. Lack of a device to prevent a sharp increase in pressure in the pipeline for separated petroleum gases.

2. Absence of a device preventing the escape of gases from the horizontal tank into the pipeline (gas pipeline) for separated oil gases.

3. Lack of a device for automated pumping of gases from a horizontal tank.

The proposed utility model makes it possible to solve the problem of increasing the efficiency of receiving and dispensing crude oil with a high content of associated gas from the VST in order to further prepare it for the production of commercial oil. Also, at the same time, there is an effective separation of associated petroleum gas from crude oil, which is then used for industrial and domestic needs.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that an expansion tank and a lower check valve are additionally installed on the gas pipeline, while the gas pipeline is connected to a horizontal tank equipped with a pressure gauge with two electronic contacts and a section of the gas pipeline with a compressor, as well as the fact that the pressure gauge is configured to turn on and off compressor through the communication lines and relay when the arrow of the pressure gauge touches the upper and lower contacts.

These features are essential for solving the problem of a utility model, since the efficiency of separating petroleum gas from oil increases, the environmental and fire hazard of an oil enterprise facility decreases, and the completeness of using petroleum gas when receiving crude oil increases.

FIG. 1, 2 show: a section of a vertical ground with equipment, a gas pipeline and a horizontal tank, as well as a section of a trough with a section of a steam pipeline.

On the proposed vertical steel tank 1, which has pipelines for dispensing oil 2 and water 3, valves 4, skylight and gauge hatches 5, 6, ventilation pipe 7, oil supply pipeline 8, steam pipe 9, internal sectional heaters 10, hatch 11, breathing poppet valve 12 is equipped with a gas pipeline 13 with a check valve 14 and an expansion tank 15.

In this case, the gas pipeline is connected to a horizontal steel tank 16 with a volume of 10 m ³ (R-10), equipped with a drain valve 17, a pressure gauge 18, equipped with two electronic contacts 19, upper and lower.

The pressure gauge contacts are connected to the relay 21 through the communication lines 20, and the relay is connected to the compressor 22 by the communication line. The horizontal tank 16 is equipped with a section of the gas pipeline 23 on which the compressor 22 is installed.

Another lower check valve 14 is installed between the expansion tank 15 and the reservoir 16 in order to prevent the release of oil gases from the horizontal reservoir 16 into the gas pipeline 13.

Inside the RVS, a multistage chute 24 is installed along the contour, from which a section of the steam line 25 is mounted from the steam line and internal sectional heaters. In this case, the inlet pipeline 8 is installed in the upper part of the tank 1, equipped with a check valve 14 and is intended to supply crude oil 26 to the chute.

The actuation pressure of the poppet valve 12 SMDK - 100 (50) of the vertical steel tank is set to 160 Pa. The response pressure of the check valves 14 on the gas pipeline 13 is set lower than that of the breathing valve 12 in the range from 140 to 150 Pa.

The chute 24 is rigidly mounted to the wall and bottom of the tank, has steps 27 located from top to bottom to separate the associated petroleum gas 28 of various densities. The section of the steam line along the contour is attached to the trough, and in the lower part the section of the steam line is connected to the internal sectional heaters, and in the upper part it rests on the wall of the tank. In the middle, the gutter and the steam line rest on the post 29.

The utility model works as follows. Through the supply line 8 with a check valve 14 and the corresponding gate valve 4, crude oil 26 with associated gas 28 enters the chute 24 of the tank 1. The chute is heated from the bottom by the section of the steam line 25 connected to the internal sectional heaters 10. An increase in the temperature in the chute increases the rate of separation of the associated petroleum gases 28. When oil passes through the upper stages of the trough, petroleum associated gases with a low density are separated, and when oil passes through the lower stages, gases with a higher density are separated.

With increasing pressure, the associated petroleum gases raise the breathing valve 12 of the vertical steel tank and through the gas pipeline 13 through the corresponding check valve 14 enter the expansion tank 15, which is designed to collect the oil gases 28 before entering the ground horizontal steel tank 16. The expansion tank 15 is also used for preventing a sharp increase in gas pressure in front of the reservoir 16.

Oil gases accumulate in the expansion tank up to a certain pressure - the actuation of the check valve 14 located at the inlet to the horizontal tank 16.

After opening the corresponding check valve 14, the gases enter the reservoir 16, which is equipped with a pressure gauge 18. With an increase in pressure, the pressure gauge needle touches the upper electronic contact 19, while through the communication lines 20 and relay 21, the compressor 22 is turned on to pump oil gases into the gas pipeline section. The compressor draws off the petroleum gases to the set value, which is determined by the lower electronic contact. When the arrow of the pressure gauge touches the lower contact, the compressor is switched off. After that, the cycle of switching on and off the compressor is repeated. If there is water 30 in reservoir 1, it is pumped out through pipeline 3.

If oil foam gets into and gasses in the tank 16, the operator drains the oil using the drain valve 17.

The utility model allows efficiently and without losses to separate associated petroleum gases from crude oil with further use of the gas for industrial and domestic purposes.

Claims (1)

A tank for receiving crude oil, equipped with an installation for capturing associated petroleum gas, containing a chute, a steam pipeline, internal sectional heaters, a breathing valve, a gas pipeline, a check valve, a horizontal tank, characterized in that an expansion tank and a lower check valve are additionally installed on the gas pipeline, when The gas pipeline is connected to a horizontal tank equipped with a pressure gauge with two electronic contacts and a gas pipeline section with a compressor, as well as the fact that the pressure gauge is configured to turn on and off the compressor through communication lines and relays when the pressure gauge needle touches the upper and lower contacts.

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