RU84253U1 - INSTALLATION OF COLLECTING VAPORS OF OIL PRODUCTS AND REMOVAL OF WATER FOR GROUND HORIZONTAL STEEL RESERVOIRS - Google Patents

Abstract

Installation for collecting vapor of oil products and water removal for ground horizontal steel tanks, containing ground tanks with oil products and a double-walled buried tank with a low octane component, characterized in that a common gas line with shut-off valves equipped with non-return valves and connected to a recessed tank that has a receiver for fuel vapor, equipped with two partitions with openings s of different diameters and a filter absorber, the lower part of the tank equipped with a total pipeline communication with valves and observation devices for draining water that comes into the space between the walls of the buried tank.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to devices for trapping vapors of oil products and can be used in the petrochemical and other oil product supply industries.

The proposed utility model is most applicable when using petroleum products of various grades at gas stations (NPPs) and oil depots equipped with ground-based steel horizontal tanks (RGS).

Air pool pollution at nuclear power plants and oil depots occurs when oil vapor is released during “large” and “small” tank breathing, improper installation of breathing equipment, and other reasons. Losses from "big breaths" are due to the displacement of the vapor-air mixture (PVA) from the reservoir during the injection of oil. In this case, the volume of gas space decreases and the breathing valve is activated. Losses from “small breaths” are caused by daily fluctuations in temperature and partial pressure of fuel vapor (mainly gasoline) in the gas space of the tank.

The temperature of petroleum products stored in ground tanks depends on the ambient temperature. In the summer, oil products in ground-based RGS are heated to 30 degrees Celsius or more. The gas boiling point is 35 degrees [1]. At this temperature, low-boiling gasoline fractions turn into steam and escape into the environment through a breathing valve.

This means significant evaporation loss. Hydrocarbon emissions of high-octane components to the atmosphere from ground reservoirs are very high. This not only leads to fuel losses and to an increase in the fire hazard of the fuel and energy complex, but also adversely affects public health and the environment. The fight against fuel losses from “small” and “large” breaths becomes a major environmental and economic challenge. Petroleum products stored in surface tanks are also subject to daily temperature changes, in particular, daytime temperatures significantly exceed nighttime. As a result of temperature changes, water forms on the walls of the tanks, which accumulates in the lower part of the CWG.

Known above-ground steel horizontal tank [2]. These tanks are available in various capacities. For the reception and delivery of petroleum products, CSGs are equipped with a drain device and a receiving valve. In order to provide “small and large” tank breaths, there is a breathing valve. A metering hatch is installed on the roof of the tank, which serves to measure the level and take fuel samples.

Also on the tank there are control and signaling devices (level meters, level alarms).

The disadvantages of the ground-based CSG in the capture of oil vapor are:

1. Low efficiency of trapping vapors of petroleum products, especially with "small" breathing tanks.

2. A high level of air pollution by vapors of petroleum products.

Closest to the indicated problem is the installation for trapping vapors of oil products [3].

Installation for vapor recovery of petroleum products consists of a reservoir with stored oil, a pump, a reservoir for collecting vapors with double walls, between which cold water flows (refrigerator), and partially filled with low-octane oil. Inside the reservoir for vapor recovery there are installed: flat horizontal partitions in the layer of low-octane oil product, ultrasonic generators on the outer surface of the inner walls of the reservoir, and activated carbon filter absorber at the outlet of the reservoir.

Installation works as follows.

When excessive pressure is created in the tank (2000 Pa), the pump is turned on through the automatic device, and gaseous hydrocarbons are piped into the tank connected to the cold water supply system. Due to the temperature difference in the tank for petroleum products and in the cooler tank, condensate forms on the inner walls of the bubbles when gaseous hydrocarbons enter the trap tank. Under the action of ultrasonic generators installed on the outer surface of the tank, the bubbles are crushed or completely removed. As a result, the oil product formed on the inner walls of the bubbles is mixed with the low-octane oil product. To increase the path of the passage of bubbles to the upper layers of the low-octane oil product and increase the time of exposure of ultrasonic generators to them, the internal partitions of the tank are installed stepwise, forming a kind of labyrinth. In this case, part of the gaseous hydrocarbons as a result of crushing of the bubbles is absorbed by the low-octane oil product. The insoluble part of the gaseous hydrocarbons at the outlet of the tank is captured by the filter-absorber.

The process of removal of gaseous hydrocarbons from the reservoir occurs until a vacuum (250 Pa) is created in the reservoir. When the vacuum valve is activated, the pump shuts off.

The disadvantages of this installation are:

1. The complexity and high cost of installation.

2. The absence of a common gas line connecting the tanks with fuel to the tank for vapor recovery.

3. Orientation of the installation on ground vertical steel tanks of large capacity.

4. Lack of a piping line for draining water, combining tanks with oil products and the interwall space of the tank for vapor recovery.

The proposed utility model allows us to solve the problem of increasing the efficiency of trapping vapors of oil products stored in ground tanks, in which the main fumes occur due to changes in temperature ("small" breaths). At the same time, the cost of the installation for vapor recovery is reduced, the drainage of water from the tanks and the operator’s job of servicing an additional tank designed to capture oil vapor are simplified. The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that the breathing valves of the tanks are equipped with a common gas line with non-return valves and shut-off valves for the removal of oil vapor during "small" and "large" breathing, which is connected to an additional recessed horizontal steel tank with double walls R-5. At the same time, a tank with a capacity of 5000 liters is filled with a low-octane component, equipped with an activated charcoal filter-absorber and an oil vapor receiver with two partitions having cells of different diameters. Pipeline communications are welded to the bottom of the tanks with petroleum products to drain the water, equipped with valves and viewing devices. Pipeline communications are combined into a common line that connects to the double walls of the tank to capture the vapor.

These signs are essential for solving the utility model problem, since the efficiency of oil vapor recovery in surface horizontal steel tanks is increased, the operation reliability of the installation is increased, the discharge of water from oil reservoirs, and the operator’s work on servicing the plant elements is simplified.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings (figure 1, figure 2,), which depicts sections of the installation and the tank for vapor recovery.

The proposed tanks 1, having a device for receiving and dispensing fuel 2, metering hatches 3, trestles 4, pipes 5 of breathing valves 6, equipped with poppet valves 7, additionally, a common gas line 8 is installed horizontally on the case of breathing valves, equipped with check valves 9 and a valve 10 The gas line is connected to an additional recessed horizontal steel tank with double walls 11, which is equipped with a device for receiving oil vapor 12, with two partitions having openings of various diameters 13, 14, activated charcoal filter-absorber 15 and metering hatch 16. The additional tank for cooling is located below the surface of the earth 17 and is filled with low-octane component 18, and into the inter-space with water 19. Also, the vapor recovery tank is equipped with piping lines for supplying and pumping low octane component 20 and water 21.

The lower part of the tanks for oil products is equipped with a common pipeline for draining water 22 with valves 23, and viewing devices 24.

The utility model works as follows. With increasing temperature in the tanks 1, high-octane oil products 25 begin to evaporate. The gasoline vapor 26 lifts the plate 7 of the poppet valve 6 and enters the common gas line 8. In this line, under the vapor pressure, the check valve 9 opens and, with the valve open 10, the vapor enters the device for receiving oil vapor 12, equipped with two partitions with openings of various diameters 13 14. Vapors pass successively through partitions with openings of larger and smaller diameters and enter a collection tank 11, into the interstitial space of which water is poured to cool.

In this case, gaseous hydrocarbons as a result of lowering the temperature below 35 degrees and crushing of the bubbles is absorbed by the low-octane component 18.

When carrying out “big” breaths associated with the intake of petroleum products, vapors of gasoline 26 and diesel fuel 27 are similarly delivered to a capture tank. In this case, gaseous hydrocarbons as a result of crushing of the bubbles are absorbed by the low-octane component 18. The insoluble part of the gaseous hydrocarbons at the outlet of the tank is captured by the filter-absorber 15.

In the process of vapor movement along the gas line, the non-return valve prevents them from entering neighboring tanks.

Having determined the water 19 as a result of measurements in the tank, the operator opens the valve 23 of the common piping system to drain the water 22 and, using a viewing device 24, drains the water into the interstitial space of the capture tank. When diesel fuel appears in the inspection device, the operator closes the valve 23.

The utility model can significantly simplify the work and reduce the time of the operator when removing water from the tank. In this case, the operator does not need to use mobile and manual pumping facilities to remove water. Timely pumping of water from the tank allows to prevent the deterioration of the quality of the oil product and increase the service life of the tanks.

When filling the capture tank, water and the low octane component are pumped out using piping lines to supply and pump the low octane component 20 and water 21.

In winter, due to the low temperature, water is removed from the interstitial space of the capture tank.

Literature

1. A.S.Safonov et al. Automotive fuels. Chemotology. Operational properties. Range. SPb .: NPIKTS, 2002.

2. Yakovlev B.C. Storage of petroleum products. Problems of environmental protection - M .: Chemistry, 1987.

3. A.S. Kuznetsov and others. Patent for the invention No. 2226122. Installation for collecting vapors of oil products.

4. VG Kovalenko Environmental safety in oil products supply systems and automobile transport. M .: LitNefte-Gas, 2004.

Claims (1)

Installation for collecting vapor of oil products and water removal for ground horizontal steel tanks, containing ground tanks with oil products and a double-walled buried tank with a low octane component, characterized in that a common gas line with shut-off valves equipped with non-return valves and connected to a recessed tank that has a receiver for fuel vapor, equipped with two partitions with openings s of different diameters and a filter absorber, the lower part of the tank equipped with a total pipeline communication with valves and observation devices for draining water that comes into the space between the walls of the buried tank.