RU2140140C1 - Working tool for undercover broadcasting seed and fertilizer sowing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering, in particular, equipment for broadcasting seeds and fertilizer on furrow bottom into space below hoe. SUBSTANCE: working tool has wedge-shaped scatterer whose working sides are truncated with plane extending perpendicular to plane of symmetry of working tool through rib and rear end intersection point (in the direction of advancement of shank) at an acute angle to scatterer. Truncated working sides of scatterer form arms of predetermined length at bases of wings, with ratio of arm and rib lengths being 1: 4. EFFECT: increased efficiency by uniform distribution of material over width of sown strip. 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to agricultural machinery, and in particular to the working bodies of seeders for subsoil scattering of seeds and fertilizers at the bottom of the furrow in the sublap space.

 The well-known "opener for spreading sowing", a description of the invention to a. with. USSR N 719529, class A 01 C 7/20, published in BI N 9, 03/05/80 (1).

 In this invention, distinguishing from an analogue is that the edges of the wedge-shaped diffuser (reflector) of the flow of sowing material are made according to a sinusoidal curve. And this, as conceived by the inventors, should contribute to a more uniform spread of seeds and fertilizers during sowing.

 However, this design of the coulter does not provide a completely uniform spread of the sowing material along the width of the sowing strip, since the middle part of the sown strip will be completely un sown at least by the width of the projection of the base of the wedge-shaped nozzle to the bottom of the furrow. In addition, the design of this device is quite complicated.

 Also known is "Working body for subsoil scattering of seeds and fertilizers", description of the invention to a. with. USSR N 858610, class A 01 C 7/20, published in BI N 32, 08/30/81. (2).

 This invention differs from its counterpart in that the curved wings of the reflector (diffuser) of the seed flow are made parabolic and truncated by vertical planes located at an angle to the plane of symmetry of the working body and forming a dihedral angle, the apex of which is directed towards the rear end of the reflector.

 However, this working body has a large unevenness of sowing seeds and fertilizers along the width of the sowing strip: - the middle part of the sowing strip (tape) will certainly remain unseeded by the width of the projection of the reflector base on the bottom of the furrow, since only the curved wings of the reflector are truncated, while the rectilinear surfaces of the reflector should also be truncated; while the line of intersection of the vertical planes must necessarily intersect with the edge of the reflector; - at the edges of the sown strip, the sowing will be sparse, since an insufficient amount of seeds falling into this zone falls out from the part of the section of the vas deferens formed by the segment of the section of the vas deferens.

 The closest analogue of the invention can be taken "Working body for subsoil scattering of seeds and fertilizers" according to a. with. USSR N 858610 (2).

 The aim of the invention is to significantly improve the uniformity of the distribution of seed over the width of the seed strip and simplify the design of the reflector (diffuser) of the seed.

 The essence of the invention is as follows.

 In contrast to the analogue, in the proposed design of the wedge-shaped diffuser, the lateral working surfaces of the diffuser are truncated by a plane perpendicular to the plane of symmetry of the working body and passing through the point of intersection of the ribs with the rear end (along the coulter) at an acute angle to the diffuser rib, and as a result of truncation the lateral working surfaces of the diffuser at the base of the wings are formed by segments of a given length, which is in a certain ratio with the length of the ribs of the diffuser, for example, 1: 4.

 As a result of truncation of the lateral working surfaces of the wedge-shaped diffuser, seeds and fertilizers are sown precisely in the central part of the sown strip.

 The specified length "l" of the segments at the base of the curved wings contributes to the spread of a greater mass of seed at the edges of the seed strip.

 Thus, the design of the proposed diffuser, as well as the entire working body, provides a more uniform distribution of the seed material over the width of the seed strip.

 The list of figures in the drawings.

 In FIG. 1 depicts, with two partial sections, a working body for the subsoil scattering of seeds and fertilizers, side view, M 1: 2.

 In Fig.2 shows a view along aa of Fig.1, M 1: 2.

 Figure 3 shows the diffuser in profile, the view in Figure 1 with the elastic wall removed, and also a side view of C on the diffuser, M 1: 1.

 The proposed working body for subsoil scattering of seeds and fertilizers consists of the following nodes and parts.

 A cultivator leg 3 is fixedly attached to the rack 1 of the working body with two bolts 2 with countersunk heads with washers and nuts. Together with the two flaps 4 and the cultivator leg 3 welded from two external sides to the racks 1 of the rack 1, a sublap space is formed.

 Between the two cheeks of the rack 1, in its lower part, in the sub-bosom space, a bracket-shield 5 is fixedly mounted, to which, using a screw 6, a diffuser 7 of the seed flow is fixedly mounted, having side curved surfaces, a rib of a certain length "L", and also the base wings with a length of "l" (Fig.1,2,3).

 The bracket-shield 5 prevents the soil from entering the internal cavity of the rack 1 and protects the diffuser 7 from damage, as well as from clogging it with soil and plant debris.

 To the tray (guide wall) 8 of the rack 1 (Fig.1,2,3), designed for installation in it of the vas deferens 9, in its lower part a reflector (elastic wall) 10 is attached.

 The stiffening rib 11 in the upper part of the rack 1 together with the tray 8 serves as a fixing wall for the vas deferens 9, and in the lower part together with the reflector 10 and the side cheeks of the tray 8 (Figs. 1 and 2) form a channel, which excludes the spilling of the sowing material past the diffuser 7.

 The proposed working body for subsoil scattering seeding of seeds and fertilizers works as follows.

 When moving forward of the rack 1 with the cultivating paw 3, the seed is supplied through the vas deferens 9 to the wedge-shaped diffuser 7 of the flow of the seed. The sowing material is then divided into two approximately equal flows and is sent in two different directions from the ribs of the diffuser 7 and is evenly distributed over the width of the sowing strip.

 With a further movement of the working body forward, the bottom of the furrow with scattered seeds and fertilizers is covered with soil, falling from the upper surfaces of the cultivator paw 3 and two shields 4.

 A prototype of the proposed working body for the subsoil scattering of seeds and fertilizers was made at the Fighters of the Revolution Sibzavod in Omsk, preliminary state tests were carried out at the Siberian Zone Machine Test Station.

 The test results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed design. As a result of a more uniform spread of seeds across the width of the sown strip, an increase in wheat yield by 24.7% was achieved.

 We enclose two photographs of the plot of the sown field by the proposed and commercially available working bodies, on which the plot with a pronounced uniform distribution of plants on the control area is clearly visible.

 We also enclose a certificate (on 1 sheet) about preliminary tests of a grain cultivating seeder-cultivator seeder SKP-2.1 for strip seeding, in the construction of which the proposed working body was used.

Literature:
1. "Opener for variable seeding", a description of the invention to a. with. USSR N 719529, class A 01 C 7/20, published in BI N 9, 03/05/80

 2. "The working body for subsoil scattering of seeds and fertilizers", description of the invention to a. with. USSR N 858610, class A 01 C 7/20, published in BI N 31, 08/30/81.

Claims (1)

 The working body for the subsoil scattered seeding of seeds and fertilizers, containing a stand with a cultivating paw and two shields mounted on it, a seed tube with a reflector mounted under it and a wedge-shaped diffuser, whose curved wings are made of parabolic shape and are truncated by vertical planes located at an angle to the plane of symmetry of the worker body and forming a dihedral angle, the apex of which is directed towards the rear end of the diffuser, characterized in that the curved wings disperse They are truncated by a plane perpendicular to the plane of symmetry of the working body and passing through the point of intersection of the diffuser ribs with its rear end (in the direction of the coulter) at an acute angle to the diffuser ribs, and the formed bases of the diffuser wings have a length l that is in proportion to the length of its ribs 1: 4.

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