RU2138640C1 - Method for development of thick gently dipping coal seam - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining industry. SUBSTANCE: method can be used for winning coal and other minerals from thick seams. According to method, preparation of long stoping pillar is effected by means of conveying and ventilation drifts. Extraction of mineral is carried out by floor-bench work face with creation of upper layer and lower layer. Work face space of upper layer is supported by sections of powered support system. Lower layer guarding is installed on seam floor and kinematic link is established of lower layer guarding with bases of upper layer support sections. After that, worked-out space is filled with rock matter. Raw coal is transported by conveyor belt with displacing coal from one side of belt to other side of belt. Application of aforesaid method allows for raising efficiency of coal mining operations. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to mining, in particular, to methods for developing powerful flat coal seams using a long pillar mining system.

 There is a method of developing powerful flat coal seams with inclined layers using mechanized supports in each layer with coal excavation in the upper layer with a mining machine, and in the lower layer with a tear-off long-length pneumatic balloon [1]. The disadvantages of the method are the need for excavation drifts in each layer; increased labor and material costs for the acquisition and installation of two mechanized complexes; the lack of a loading machine in the lower layer leads to increased losses of minerals; low probability of complete separation of coal in the lower layer, the appearance of a strawberry on the soil is possible, because of which it is impossible to move the conveyor close to the bottom; breakdown of collapsed rocks into the working space of the lower layer from the bottom is possible.

 As a prototype, a method was selected that includes the extraction of coal with a face slope with the formation of the upper and lower layers, maintaining the working space of the upper layer with mechanized support supports, filling the worked out area with a hardening tab and excavation of the lower layer close to the hardened filling mass under the protection of the roof layer support [2] .

 The disadvantages of the prototype are the use of expensive hardening bookmarks; lengthy technological breaks required to set the fortress with a filling array; increased complexity of ventilating the working space of the lower layer and unloading beaten coal from it.

 These shortcomings sharply reduce the efficiency of developing powerful flat coal seams.

 The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of developing powerful flat coal seams by reducing technological interruptions and work under collapsed rocks.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that fences with telescopic ceilings are installed in the working space of the lower layer and kinematically connect them with the bases of the sections of the mechanized support of the upper layer, excavation drifts are carried out on the soil of the formation, a conveyor belt is installed with a telescopic conveyor belt with a belt deflection unit at a right angle. First, several cycles of excavation of the equipment of the upper layer are carried out and coal is poured onto the conveyor belt, then one cycle of excavation is carried out in the lower layer and at the same time free space is left between the fence and the coal mass and loading of the broken coal onto the conveyor belt and its pouring from one side of the tape to the other.

 The proposed development method is illustrated by diagrams. Figure 1 shows the layout of the equipment in both layers (cross-sectional strike of the formation), figure 2 is the same (plan view), figure 3 is a cross section of the working space of the face.

 The method can be implemented as follows. A flat coal seam with a capacity of, for example, 7 m is mined by long posts along strike.

 The extraction column is prepared by conveyor 1 and ventilation 2 drifts, which are carried out along the soil of the formation, the lava is cut into a slaughter face with the formation of the upper 3 and lower 4 layers. In this case, the cross-sectional height of the drifts 1 and 2 is taken equal to the power of the lower layer. On the soil of the upper layer, a mechanized complex with support supports 5 is mounted with the end sections installed directly on the tops of the roof support 6. At the same time, the tightening of the roof support at the interface points of the upper layer with the drifts with the formation of ventilation windows is removed 7. Vertical fences are installed on the soil of the lower layer 8 , which are kinematically connected by beams 9 with the bases of the sections of the powered roof support 5 of the upper layer. In this case, between the fences and the coal mass leave free space 10 for the organization of ventilation and provide emergency exit. Beams 9 are covered from above with telescopic ceilings 11. In the conveyor drift 1, a telescopic belt conveyor 12 is installed, the belt of which is stored in the form of a Moebius line. At the interface of the drift 1 with the lower layer, the assembly 13 of the conveyor belt deviation is mounted at a right angle to the side of the ventilation drift. For coal mining in the lower layer, a front-acting combine harvester 14 with an executive body in the form of a drum with a horizontal axis of rotation or a tunneling machine with a swept executive body of the 4PU type is used.

 Coal mining work begins with the top layer. The beaten coal is transported by the main conveyor to the conveyor drift 1 and poured along the chute 15 onto the conveyor belt 12. After removing the coal shavings, the main conveyor, the powered support sections are moved and the next chip is excavated. When moving sections support their base kinematically interact with the beams 9 fencing, using them as guides. After several cycles of operation (for example, four), the equipment of the upper layer is stopped and the excavation of the lower layer is started. For this, the combine 14 is cut from the conveyor drift into the lower layer, attached to the rear of the combine 14 is an exhaust roller 16 of the conveyor belt 12 and then coal is mined and loaded by the combine. In this case, the coal enters the deviation unit of the belt 13. Here, with a plow ejector 17, the coal is removed from the belt moving from the bottom layer and poured onto the belt moving along the conveyor drift. In this case, coal is poured from one side of the tape to the other.

 Ventilation of the lower layer is carried out by an air stream from the conveyor drift 1 through the free space 10 and further to the ventilation drift 2. The upper layer is ventilated by the air stream from the conveyor drift 1 through the window 7 for coupling the conveyor drift with the upper layer, bottom hole space of the upper layer, window 7 for pairing the layer with ventilation drift 2 and further on the ventilation drift.

 After coal extraction in the lower layer, the combine 14 returns in reverse to the conveyor drift 1, the conveyor belt 12 is reduced, the roller 16 is disconnected from the combine 14. The belt deflection unit 13 is moved. After the harvester leaves the conveyor drift 1, the fences 8 of the lower layer are moved. In this case, the beams 9, kinematically interacting with the bases of the sections 5 of the mechanized lining, are pushed into the space between the bases, the telescopic ceilings 11 are reduced. The movement of the beams is carried out by an amount equal to the width of the chips in the lower layer or several chips of the upper layer.

 During the extraction of coal in the lower layer, the upper layer provides for the implementation of preventive work with the equipment of a mechanized complex. After the extraction of the lower layer, the equipment of the upper layer is put into operation, and on the lower layer the combine is prepared for notching into a new entry.

 Thus, equipment downtime is sharply reduced, the concentration of work is increased, the cost of acquiring an additional complex is reduced, the costs of a hardening bookmark are eliminated, i.e. the efficiency of developing a powerful flat formation increases.

Sources used in the preparation of the application:
1. Copyright certificate N 775318, E 21 C 41/04, 1980.

 2. Copyright certificate N 783473, E 21 C 41/04, 1980.

Claims (1)

A method for developing a powerful shallow coal seam, including preparing a long column with transport and ventilation drifts, digging coal with a face to form the upper and lower layers, maintaining the working space of the upper layer with supportive support sections, characterized in that a telescopic conveyor belt is installed in the transport drift, the soil of the upper layer is formed along the upper edge of the lining of the conveyor and ventilation drifts, the face of the top layer is longer than the bottom of the bottom On the layer 1/3 of the width of the conveyor drift on one side and 1/3 of the width of the ventilation drift on the other side, a sectional fence of the lower layer is installed on the bed soil with free space between the fence and the removable coal mass, the fence sections are kinematically connected to the bases of the sections mechanized support of the upper layer, a telescopic overlap is arranged above the fence, the worked-out space behind the mechanized support and the fence is filled with rock, the width of the coal chips is removed minutes per pass of the winning machine to the lower layer, multiple several turnings, removable in the upper layer, wherein the removed first few chips of coal in the upper layer and the material transfer is carried chipped coal onto the conveyor belt, the conveyor belt then deflect into the face of the lower layer,
they take out the coal shavings in the lower layer, loading the beaten-out coal on one side of the conveyor belt, pouring it on its other side and moving the fence to the width of the removed coal shavings.

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