RU2115005C1 - Oil sump of internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; base parts of internal combustion engines. SUBSTANCE: oil sump is secured on cylinder block-and-crankcase unit of internal combustion engine and is made in form of thin-sheet trough-type member including bottom and connecting parts. Noise isolating lining placed inside is made in form of corrugated shell mounted on sump bottom. Tops of corrugations are provided with through holes. Shell can be made of composite material of "metal-plastic-metal" type. EFFECT: reduced operating noise in automobile, improved its performance. 2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to engine building, in particular to body parts of an internal combustion engine (ICE).

 As a rule, the ICE oil sump is made in the form of a single part - cast, absorbing part of the loads, deforming the lower part of the cylinder block (crankcase) and increasing its rigidity (block crankcase), or a lightweight thin-walled, all-stamped sheet metal part fixed through a gasket to the engine block crankcase and dynamically easily deformable in the area of connection to the mounting zone of the block crankcase. Oil pan designs (MP), which are oil collectors, must satisfy at least two basic requirements; to be a good heat sink of the outer surface for cooling the oil and to have a low noise level emitted by the vibrating walls of the sump into the environment (low body sound).

 Known oil sump ICE VAZ-2108, V.A. Vershigora et al. Car VAZ-2108, M., DOSAAF USSR, 1986, p. 67, fig. 32, item 20, which is a single-layer thin-walled, one-piece stamped from a metal sheet part, equipped with a mounting flange to the engine block of the engine. The crankcase has the required heat removal surface area, and motor oil is contained inside its cavity.

 The design of the described oil sump provides a sufficiently efficient heat sink, however, subject to strong vibrations, dynamically deformable, oscillating thin-walled metal sump having a developed surface, is a sufficiently efficient emitter of sound energy into the environment, which is its significant structural drawback.

 This disadvantage is partially eliminated in the technical solution described in the application of France 2398887, cl. F 02 F 11/00, published. 03/13/79, where the pallet is attached to the block crankcase through special intermediate elastic vibration-isolating elements that partially weaken the dynamic excitation of the walls and accordingly reduce the structural sound emitted by the pallet.

 However, constructively, this is a rather complicated solution that increases the material consumption and product range, while the case sound is not sufficiently suppressed, due to the limited vibration-isolating qualities of elastic elements and the loss of these qualities during operation due to high-temperature and dynamic loads.

 From the application of Japan 63 - 18019, cl. F 02 F 7/00, published. 04/15/08, BI 5 - 451, an oil sump made of a composite three-layer metal-plastic-metal (MPM) material is known. Due to the sufficiently high vibration damping properties of carbon filaments and the viscoelastic properties of a plastic layer with a low softening temperature, the energy of vibrations is dissipated and the internal noise of the internal combustion engine is reduced in the medium and high frequencies of the sound spectrum.

 Being effective from the point of view of improving noise and vibration damping qualities, MPM material at the same time is quite expensive to manufacture, it is technologically poorly susceptible to deep drawing (there are known difficulties in the production of oil pallets), which can increase the number of defects in the manufacture of pallets from MPM, as well as It has a deteriorated heat sink due to the presence of an insulating plastic layer in the material, which either forces the use or increase of the performance of the oil cooler, or lzovat additional means for cooling engine oil, such as forced airflow directional intensive pallet.

 Numerous technical solutions are known in which, to one extent or another, both of the indicated problems are simultaneously solved, in particular, improving heat dissipation from the walls of the sump and reducing the vibrational excitation of the walls of the sump and, thus, reducing body noise emitted by the oil sump into the environment. In particular, to reduce vibrational excitation, various stops-dampers and reinforcing elements are used, see German application 4027242, cl. F 02 B 77/13, published. 03/05/92, EPO 0497753, class F 02 F 7/00, published. 08/05/92, Japanese application 63-61757, cl. F 02 F 1/00, published. 03/17/88. Or the pallet panel is equipped with special stiffeners, as is known from Japanese application 1-247746, class. F 02 F 7/00, published. 10/03/89, or in the author. St. USSR 1083923. In the technical solution on the application of Japan 63-21010, cl. F 02 B 77/13, published. 06/16/80, the bottom of the oil sump is made of two panels (walls) placed with a gap and vibration-insulated from each other.

 However, the described technical solutions are quite complex and material-intensive.

 A device is known to reduce the noise of the oil pan of the engine, Japanese application 3-25630, cl. F 02 F 7/00, published. 04/08/91, containing slots made in the side walls of the pallet attached to the lower part of the engine crankcase. In the slots mounted special elastic elements. A distinctive feature of the indicated technical solution is that ribs are made between adjacent slots, elongated from the mounting surface of the pallet to its bottom. This design provides an increase in the bending stiffness of the walls of the pallet and, as a result, a decrease in its vibrational activity and a decrease in body sound.

 A further improvement of the device described above is the technical solution described in Japanese application 3-48338, cl. F 02 B 77/13, published. 07.24.91, in which convex sections are made on elastic elements on both sides of the through holes (slots). In addition, the device contains clamps, which, due to the pressure created by them on the side surfaces of the elastic elements, press the sections against the side edge of the casing. The device is characterized by sufficient ease of installation of elastic elements and provides reliable sealing.

 However, even in these technical solutions, vibrations from the mating zone of the engine block crankcase are transmitted insufficiently weakened to the connecting bottom of the oil sump, which directly affects the amplification of the radiation of the body noise.

 Known oil pan block of the crankcase of the internal combustion engine of a demountable type, described in the application of Germany 4242513, class. F 02 F 7/00, published. 06/23/94, made in the form of two interconnected parts, one of which is the bottom of the pallet, and the other is the upper part, through which the pallet is attached to the engine block crankcase. A cassette oil filter is installed in the connector plane of the bottom and top parts, which, along with its direct function (oil cleaning), also contributes to some damping of vibrations of the pallet structure, which to some extent reduces its vibration activity and body sound.

 However, this technical solution is characterized, to one degree or another, by the design, technological and operational disadvantages already noted above. In particular, this is the increased vibrational excitation of the pallet structure and the transmission of the corresponding structural noise to the environment due to the insufficient vibrating ability of this design of the cassette oil filter.

 Known oil sump engine VAZ-2121, see V. Vershigora and others. Car VAZ-2121 "Niva", M .; Transport, 1980, p. 6 - 7, fig. 2 - 3, made in the form of a single sheet-shaped trough-like part, hermetically mounted on the engine block crankcase. Functionally, the sump contains the bottom part, in which the engine oil is placed, and the connecting part, as well as a plate damper located between the said parts and allowing to reduce the splashing and foaming of the oil. In addition, the damper increases the rigidity of the trough-like part of the pallet, which to some extent reduces the emission of structural noise by this part.

 The pallet has a simple, high-tech design. However, its developed surface emits a significant amount of sound energy into the environment.

 As a prototype, a soundproofing engine oil sump was selected, described in Japanese application 63-21010, class. F 01 B 77/13, publication 02.05.88, BI 5-526, containing on the outside of its bottom part a soundproof lining insulated by elastic (rubber) elements from the bottom panel of the pallet.

 However, the installation of such a cladding on the outside of the bottom of the pallet with a gap relative to the bottom, using special additional vibration-isolating elements, is ineffective, since it does not isolate the noise-vibrational peripheral part of the pallet, increases the sound emission at low frequencies, since an additional screen plate, elastically fixed to the vibrating oil a pallet, plays the role of an effective piston sound emitter (such as a diaphragm of a speaker connected to a rigid sealed cavity), worsening There is heat removal from the bottom panel of the bottom of the oil pan, especially since the presence of a sealed air gap and rubber elements actually perform the well-known function of a thermos. In addition, the presence of rubber elements in the zone of high temperature loading causes their fragility and low performance, or requires the use of special expensive grades of rubber, or periodic replacement during operation.

 The purpose of the invention is to reduce the noise emitted by the structure of the sump into the environment, while ensuring the cooling of the lubricating oil by efficient heat removal from the walls of the sump, as well as ensuring the simplicity and high technological design.

 The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in the known MP, made in the form of a single thin-sheet trough-like part containing a soundproofing cladding installed in the bottom, the latter is placed inside the pallet and made in the form of a corrugated shell from a conventional single-layer steel sheet, or composite three-layer MPM material, inseparably mounted on the bottom of the pallet, and the corrugation tops are provided with through holes. The shell can be attached to the wall of the pallet by welding, soldering, glue, etc.

 With this design, while improving the efficiency of heat removal from the surface of the pallet, its acoustic qualities are also significantly improved, since the proposed lining acts as a honeycomb muffler that absorbs the noise generated by the operation of the crank mechanism in the enclosed space of the crankcase and the pallet, by increasing the bending stiffness of the walls of the pallet and , respectively, less dynamic mobility and less radiation into the environment of the sound of the body, due to additional damping the outer shell of the pallet with oil contained in the near-shell space (corrugations), due to the use of a highly damping metal-plastic-metal material with significant noise and vibration-absorbing properties, which allow the vibrational energy of the walls of the pallet to be converted into thermal energy when the polymer layer is deformed.

 The shell is mounted in the pallet in an integral way, for example, by spot welding.

 In FIG. 1 shows part of the proposed design of the engine oil pan.

 The oil pan is mounted on the engine block (not shown) of the ICE and is made in the form of a single sheet-metal part, including the bottom 1 and connecting 2 parts. A corrugated shell 3 is placed inside the pallet, through holes 4 are made at the tops of the corrugations 4. The shell is welded to the walls of the pallet by spot welding and can be made of a composite three-layer MPM material.

 Dynamically processes during the implementation of working processes in the internal combustion engine in the form of gas, unbalanced forces and moments of inertia of the crank mechanism cause dynamic deformation of the ICE block-crankcase, with corresponding excitation and transmission of vibrational processes and bending dynamic deformations in the attached body parts and mounted mounted ICE nodes, with the corresponding re-emission of this vibrational energy into the energy of elastic sound waves emitted into the environment in the form of a body sound, which is unwanted noise pollution.

 Corrugated shell 3, rigidly connected with parts 1 and 2 of the sump, effectively damps (dissipates) the energy of bending deformation vibrations that make the walls of the sump and which are transmitted both through the solid path (from the walls of the ICE block crankcase) and by air in a closed volume of the oil sump (intense energy of elastic air waves generated by the CABG and gas pulsations of crankcase gases breaking into the cavity of the oil pan). In this case, the function of increasing the bending stiffness of the walls of the pallet is also performed, which also favorably affects the reduction of wall noise.

 Used as a structural material, MPM allows for additional vibration damping of structural bending vibrations of sheet thin-walled structures and the corresponding suppression of body sound with this rigid structure (pallet part), due to the conversion of mechanical vibrational energy associated with various bending deformations of external metal sheets into thermal energy released into the inner plastic viscoelastic layer MPM in the process of bending deformations of this layered structure with x roshey adhesion layers, eliminating the relative slippage of metal sheets MMM providing shear deformation of the viscoelastic layer, characterized by the most effective dissipation process (conversion) energy. Moreover, the presence of perforated holes in the inner shell, allowing the oil to flow freely into the mix, eliminates the negative impact of the plastic layer on the processes of heat transfer and heat removal from the outer wall of the sump.

 The bottom part 2 is less susceptible to vibrations, since the oil inside the bottom part 2 simultaneously performs an additional vibration damping function. In this case, the process of oil flowing through the perforation holes creates an additional damping effect. At the same time, the bottom part 2, made of a thin metal sheet, effectively removes heat from its walls. Through holes 4, oil freely penetrates into the channels formed by the corrugations of the shell 3 and is subjected to intensive cooling.

 Thus, the use of a structurally simple and high-tech technical solution allows you to effectively solve simultaneously two problems in the engine industry, namely, reducing the noise of the car and improving its performance by providing efficient heat dissipation from elements that need forced cooling.

Claims (2)

 1. The oil pan of the internal combustion engine, made in the form of a sheet trough-like part, containing a soundproofing cladding installed in the bottom part, characterized in that the cladding is placed inside the pallet and made in the form of a corrugated shell, permanently mounted on the bottom of the pallet, while the corrugation tops are provided with through holes.  2. The pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that the shell is made of a composite three-layer material metal - plastic - metal.

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