RU2117175C1 - Oil pan of internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; internal combustion engines; base members. SUBSTANCE: oil pan secured on cylinder block-and-crankcase unit is made in form of thin sheet trough-shaped unit consisting of bottom and connecting parts with baffle placed in between. Baffle is made in form of developed structure covering the connecting part of pan. It is lined at least from one side, with two layer coating consisting of damping layer in contact with baffle surface made of vibration and noise damping adhesive material on which layer of stiff foil is fastened. Shaped of foil layer follows the mating surface of baffle panel. Two layer coating can partially cover the surface of connecting and/or bottom part of pan. EFFECT: reduced noise in operation. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to engine building, in particular to body parts of an internal combustion engine (ICE).

 As a rule, the ICE oil sump is made in the form of a single part - cast, absorbing part of the loads, deforming the lower part of the cylinder block (crankcase), and increasing its rigidity (block crankcase), or a lightweight thin-walled, all-stamped sheet metal part fixed through a sealing gasket to the engine block crankcase, and dynamically easily deformable in the area of connection to the mounting zone of the block crankcase. The design of oil pans (MP), which are oil collectors, must satisfy at least two basic requirements: a good heat dissipation of the external surface for cooling the oil and low noise emitted by the vibrating walls of the sump into the environment (low body sound).

 The oil pan of the internal combustion engine VAZ-2108 is known (V. Vershigora et al. VAZ-2108 automobile, -M.: DOSAAF USSR, 1986, p. 67, fig. 32, pos. 20), which is a single-layer thin-walled, an all-stamped assembly from a metal sheet equipped with a fastening flange to the engine block of the engine. The pallet has the necessary surface area for heat removal, and motor oil is contained inside its cavity.

 The design of the described oil sump provides a sufficiently efficient heat sink, however, subject to strong vibrations, a dynamically deformable, oscillating thin-walled metal sump having a developed surface, is a rather efficient emitter of sound energy into the environment, which is its significant structural drawback.

 This drawback is partially eliminated in the technical solution (application of France, 2398887, MKI F 02 F 11/00, published. 13.03.79), where the pallet is attached to the block crankcase through special intermediate elastic vibration-isolating elements, partially weakening the dynamic excitation of the walls and, accordingly, reducing structural sound emitted by the pallet.

 However, structurally, this is a rather complicated solution that increases the material consumption and product range with insufficiently effective suppression of body sound due to the limited vibration-isolating qualities of elastic elements and the loss of these qualities during operation due to the influence of high-temperature and dynamic loads.

 From Japanese application 63-18019, MKI F 02 F 7/00, published. 04/15/88 oil sump made of a composite three-layer material "metal-plastic-metal" (MPM) is known. Due to the sufficiently high vibration damping properties of carbon filaments and the viscoelastic properties of a plastic layer with a low softening temperature, the energy of vibrations is dissipated and the internal noise of the internal combustion engine is reduced in the medium and high frequencies of the sound spectrum.

 Being effective from the point of view of improving noise and vibration damping qualities, the MPM material is at the same time quite expensive to manufacture, it is technologically poorly susceptible to deep drawing (there are known difficulties in the production of oil pallets), which can increase the number of defects in the manufacture of pallets from MPM, as well as It has a deteriorated heat sink due to the presence of an insulating plastic layer in the material, which forces either to increase the performance of the oil cooler or to use additional itelnye means for cooling engine oil, e.g., directional intensive forced air cooling tray, or additionally increase the size (surface area) directly sump.

 Numerous technical solutions are known in which, to one extent or another, both of the indicated problems are simultaneously solved, in particular, improving heat removal from the walls of the sump and reducing the vibrational excitation of the walls of the sump and thus reducing body noise emitted by the oil sump into the environment. In particular, to reduce vibrational excitation, various stops-dampers and reinforcing elements are used, German application 4027242, MKI F 02 B 77/13, published. 03/05/92; EPO, 0497753, MKI F 02 F 7/00, published. 08/05/92; Japanese Application, 63-61757, MKI F 02 F 1/00, published. 03/17/88). Either the pallet panel is equipped with special stiffeners, as is known (Japanese application 1-247746, MKI F 02 F 7/00, published 03.10.89), or (USSR patent, 1083923 F 02 F 7/00, published 30.03. 84). In the technical solution (Japanese application, 63-21010, MKI F 02 B 77/13, published. 08.16.80), the oil sump bottom is made of two panels (walls) placed with a gap and vibration-isolated from each other.

 However, the described technical solutions are quite complex and material-intensive.

 A device is known to reduce the noise emitted by the ICE oil pan (Japanese application 3-25630, MKI F 02 F 7/00, published 08.04.91), comprising slots made in the side walls of the pan attached to the bottom of the ICE block crankcase. In the slots mounted special elastic elements. A distinctive feature of the indicated technical solution is that ribs are made between adjacent slots, elongated from the mounting surface of the pallet to its bottom. This design provides an increase in the bending stiffness of the walls of the pallet and, as a result, a decrease in its vibrational activity and a decrease in body sound.

 A further development of the device described above is a technical solution (Japanese application, 3-48338, MKI F 02 B 77/13, published. 24. 07.91), in which tightening, convex sections are made on elastic elements on both sides of the through holes (slots). In addition, the device contains clamps, which due to the generated or static pressure on the side surfaces of the elastic elements press these sections against the side edge of the casing. The device is characterized by sufficient ease of installation of elastic elements and provides reliable sealing.

 However, in these technical solutions, the vibrations from the mating zone of the engine block crankcase are transmitted insufficiently weakened to the connecting and bottom part of the oil sump, which directly affects the amplification of the radiation from the body sound.

 Known oil pan of the engine crankcase of a demountable type (German application, 4242513, MKI F 02 F 7/00, published. 06.23.94), made in the form of two interconnected parts, one of which is the bottom of the pan and the other - the upper part by which the pallet is attached to the engine block crankcase. A cassette oil filter is installed in the plane of the bottom and top connector, which, along with its direct function (oil cleaning), also contributes to some damping of vibrations of the pallet structure, which to some extent reduces its vibration activity and reduces the case sound.

 However, this technical solution is characterized in varying degrees by the design, technological and operational disadvantages already noted above. In particular, this is a rather high vibrational excitation of the pallet structure and the transfer of the corresponding structural noise to the environment due to the insufficient and very limited damping ability of this design of the cassette oil filter.

 As a prototype, the engine oil sump was selected (ed. St. USSR N 1474294, class F 01 M 1/10, 04/23/83), of which the ICE oil sump, made in the form of a thin-sheet trough-like assembly containing the bottom and connecting parts, is known between which there is a plate dampener-defoamer made in the form of a developed design (a plate equipped with transverse corrugations and longitudinal channels) covering the connecting part. However, an increase in the surface area of the anti-foaming agent leads to a corresponding increase in the sound energy generated by this surface and radiated into the environment.

 The objective of the invention is to reduce the noise emitted by the structure of the sump into the environment, while providing favorable conditions for cooling the lubricating oil by efficiently removing heat from the walls of the zone of the cavity of the sump filled with oil, as well as ensuring the simplicity and high adaptability of the structure.

 The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in the oil pan, made in the form of a single thin-sheet trough-like assembly containing the bottom and connecting parts, between which is placed a plate damper, made in the form of a developed structure covering the attachment part, the damper at least on one of the sides lined with a two-layer coating, including a layer of vibration-damping adhesive material adjacent to the surface of the damper, on which a layer of rigid foil is fixed (or thin-walled th sheet panel), having the shape of the counter surface of the damping panel. This two-layer coating can be permanently mounted with an overlap and partially distributed along the surface of the connecting and / or bottom part of the pallet.

 With this design, the damper is a sound-vibration-damping three-layer structure effective with a developed surface, including a metal layer (the wall of the damper panel itself), a layer of sticky vibration-damping viscoelastic substance adjacent to it with high adhesion, on which a layer of rigid foil (metal or polymer) is fixed. Such a three-layer design of the damper, which is formed in the upper part of the oil sump, effectively converts the vibrational energy of the bending deformations of the walls into heat, which is especially important for the connecting (most vibration-loaded and noise-active) part of the sump. The bottom part of the pan is more rigid and passive, filled and partially damped, in turn, with the oil inside it and in this regard emits noise rather weakly. This is further facilitated, first of all, by a slight transfer of vibrations from the connecting part to the bottom part from the side of the engine block crankcase, since the connecting part and the damper (in this case, the vibration damping element) installed in the transition zone of the bottom part to the connecting part are significantly weaken the vibrational flow transmitted from the engine crankcase to the bottom of the crankcase. At the same time, the thin metal sheet from which the bottom part is made, in which the heated engine oil is located, effectively removes heat to the environment, especially when it is deliberately organized by blowing it with a counter directional air flow, which, at least in cars, can be specially provided .

 The metal panel of the pacifier is fixed in the pallet in an indivisible way, for example, by spot welding, with special glue, etc., after which a layer of foil is mounted on the surface of this panel, which is coated with a sticky (adhesive) vibration-damping viscoelastic composition on the side of contact. Moreover, this layer can cover not only the surface of the metal panel of the damper, but also extend to the adjacent surfaces of the connecting and / or partially bottom part of the pallet.

 In FIG. 1 shows a portion of an engine block crankcase on which an oil pan is attached; in FIG. 2 - a fragment of the cross section of the plate of the damper.

 The oil pan is mounted on the engine block 1 of the ICE and is made in the form of a single sheet assembly, including the bottom 2 and the connecting 3 parts, between which there is a plate damper made of a standard sheet metal panel 4, with a technological hole 5 for the oil intake, on which layer 6 of the adhesive vibration damping viscoelastic substance is attached to the layer 7 of the rigid foil (polymer or metal).

 Dynamic processes during the implementation of working processes in the internal combustion engine in the form of gas forces, unbalanced forces and moments of inertia of the crank mechanism and auxiliary components of the internal combustion engine cause dynamic deformation of the engine block 1 of the internal combustion engine with the corresponding excitation and transmission of vibrational processes and bending dynamic deformations in it body parts and mounted mounted components of the internal combustion engine with the corresponding re-emission of this vibrational energy into the energy of elastic sound waves radiated into the surrounding environment in the form of a cabinet sound, which is an undesirable noise pollution of the environment.

 In the proposed oil sump, a significant part of the vibrational energy is converted into heat rather than sound due to the effective damping of the flow of vibrations transmitted from the crankcase 1 to the external walls of the oil sump by a developed dampener, which is a highly efficient, sound-developed three-layer vibration-damping construction (metal 4 - a layer of adhesive substance 6 - foil 7).

 The use of such a three-layer design of the damper allows efficient vibration damping of structural bending vibrations of sheet thin-walled structures and the corresponding suppression of body sound by this rigid structure (pallet part) due to the conversion of mechanical vibrational energy associated with various bending deformations of the external metal sheets to the thermal energy released in the internal adhesive viscoelastic layer 6 during bending deformations of this layered structure with necks adhesion layers, eliminating the relative slippage of metal sheets 4 and 7 and to ensure the shear deformation of the viscoelastic layer 6, characterized by the most effective dissipation process (conversion) energy.

 Thus, the damper performs not only the function of a hydraulic damper of the cooled oil, but also the function of a dynamic damper of structural vibrations and body noise of the most noisy upper, connecting part of the oil pan.

 The bottom part 2 is less susceptible to vibrational and noise excitation, as it is more rigid and massive, and since the oil inside the bottom part 2 simultaneously partially performs the function of vibration damping, and also due to the fact that an already attenuated flow of vibrational energy from strongly damped is transmitted to it connecting part. At the same time, the bottom part 2, made of a thin metal sheet, effectively removes heat from its walls, reducing the temperature of the oil in the sump, which allows to maintain the high efficiency of this direct function of the oil sump.

 Thus, the use of a fairly structurally simple and high-tech technical solution can effectively solve simultaneously two conflicting problems in engine building, namely, reducing the noise of the engine and the car and improving its performance by providing efficient heat removal from elements that need forced cooling.

Claims (2)

 1. The oil pan of the internal combustion engine, made in the form of a thin-sheet trough-like assembly containing a bottom and connecting parts, between which a plate damper is placed, made in the form of a developed structure covering the attachment part, characterized in that the damper is faced with at least one of the sides a two-layer coating, including a layer of vibration-damping adhesive material adjacent to the surface of the damper, on which a layer of rigid foil having mu of the counter surface of the damper panel.  2. The pallet according to claim 1, characterized in that the two-layer overlapping coating is partially distributed on the surface of the connecting and / or bottom of the pallet.

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