RU2073474C1 - Root washing and cutting apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture, in particular, forage production. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has reservoir filled with water, bath, water sprayer, inclined auger, powered cutting mechanism, recirculation pump and magnetostrictive ultrasonic converter positioned in upper part of bath and floating on water surface. Converter generates high-frequency turbulent impact intensive-pulsed waves. It allows washing process to be intensified and products to be effectively disinfected and cut. EFFECT: increased efficiency, wider operational capabilities and improved quality of ecologically clean products. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering, namely to feed preparation machines.

 Known machines designed for cleaning from dirt, separating stones and grinding root crops IKS-5, IKM-5 [1] In them, the separation of dirt is carried out by supplying water and moving the mass of root crops, in which due to mutual friction of tubers washed dirt is removed by a stream of water and pure root crops are transported to the feed production line for animals using the appropriate technology.

Closest to the claimed is a device for washing and cutting root crops, containing a receiving bath filled with water, a water spray, an inclined screw, a grinding mechanism with a drive and a recirculation pump [2]
In well-known machines, the washing process, depending on the type of soil, gives an insufficient level of purity provided for by zootechnical requirements, which negatively affects the health status and productivity of animals. Improving the cleaning of root crops from dirt in these machines requires a significant increase in water consumption and required power.

 The aim of the present invention is to improve the quality of cleaning tubers, speeding up the process and increasing the productivity of the washing device, ensuring the bactericidal effect of the washing process and reducing water consumption and power consumption.

 To achieve this, the action of ultrasonic vibrations of water is used. Ultrasonic vibrations of water are created by the magnetostrictive transducer of ultrasonic vibrations into mechanical vibrations of water filling the bathtub, which is additionally built into the water intake bath.

 The drawing shows a General view of the claimed device.

 The device comprises a bath 1, a magnetostrictive transducer 2, an inclined screw 6, a water spray 3, an electric motor 7 with a reducer, a root crop chopper 4, a recirculation pump with a water pipe 8 from the bath, an unloading window 9, a screw screen 10 and a screw cover 5, a dirt drain hatch 11. In order to preserve the physicomechanical properties of root crops, to exclude their damage as a result of contact with the transducer 2 and to reduce the required power, the transducer is located on top of the water bath and is made floating and the water surface.

 The device operates as follows.

 Root tubers are loaded into the water bath 1 using an external conveyor. In tub 1, root tubers receive the main purification due to the high-frequency vibration of the water created by the magnetostrictive transducer 2. Intensive separation of dirt particles from the root tubers occurs as a result of the intensified turbulent movement of water under the action of shock waves generated by the oscillating part of the ultrasonic generator of high-frequency pulses.

 Then, from the tub 1, the root crops are captured by the rotating oblique screw 6 from the electric motor 7 with the reducer and sent to the grinder 4, driven from the same electric motor 7, where they are crushed and unloaded through the discharge window 9.

 In the process of movement of root crops on the screw 6, they get an additional, final wash with the help of sprayers 3 of water connected to the water supply network.

 As a result of frequent elastic vibrations of water, the time for soaking mud adhering to root crops is reduced, and its separation from the surface is accelerated, as a result of which the total technological residence time of root crops in water is reduced. This increases the productivity of the device and allows the electric drive of the screw 6 and grinder 4 with a lower gear ratio by 2 times (for example, instead of i = 1500/250 = 6, take i = 1500/500 = 3), i.e., increase the overall performance of the device by 2 times. Reducing the residence time of root crops in the water reduces the leaching of nutrients from them.

 Water entering the bath is repeatedly recycled using a floating recirculation pump (not shown). Dirt, washed off from root crops, accumulates in the drain hatch 11, from where it is periodically removed by opening the hatch cover 11.

 Ultrasonic vibrations, in addition to accelerating the washing process and improving quality, provide a disinfecting effect that is detrimental to microorganisms. The bactericidal purity of root crops and washing water increases. This allows you to increase the frequency of water use by increasing the duration of its recirculation (reducing the number of full drains of water through the hatch 11) by 3 times and, therefore, reduce the total water consumption by 3 times, respectively.

 TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY.

 The quality of root crops cleaning is increased due to the intense exposure to high-frequency shock waves of water created by an ultrasonic transducer.

 The washing process is accelerated and the productivity of the device is 2 times higher due to a decrease in the technological time for washing (soaking the dirt and its separation from root crops under the action of shock waves) and an increase in the frequency of rotation of the electric drive of the screw and grinder.

 Provides continuity of the technological process of processing root crops in connection with the acceleration of the washing process.

 The bactericidal effect of washing the product is ensured in connection with the destructive effect of ultrasonic vibrations on microorganisms.

 The quality of the product improves due to a decrease in the nutrient loss of root crops from leaching with water as a result of a reduction in the technological time spent in the water bath.

 In connection with an increase in the bactericidal purity of water, the duration of its recirculation in the bath increases (the number of runs through the hatch decreases) and the total water consumption decreases 3 times.

 The health status and productivity of animals is improving due to the overall higher quality of feed.

 Conditions are being created for obtaining environmentally friendly livestock products without the use of chemical and medicinal substances.

Claims (1)

 A device for washing and cutting root crops containing a receiving bath filled with water, a water spray, an inclined screw, a grinding mechanism with a drive and a recirculation pump, characterized in that it is equipped with a magnetostrictive ultrasonic transducer that creates high-frequency shock waves of turbulent motion with intense pressure pulses for simultaneous intensification of the washing process and ensuring disinfection, while the Converter is located in the upper part of the bath and is made floating on surface water.