RU205594U1 - GRAIN COMBINE THRESHING DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering and is intended for use in combine harvesters. The threshing device contains a frame 1, a threshing drum 2, an intermediate beater 3, a separator drum 4, adjustable bar-slat concavities installed under the working bodies, and an impact beater 5 made of sheet metal, a plate and a comb, which are installed respectively in the front part the rear section 11 of the bar-slatted concave and in the rear of the front section 10 of the bar-slatted concave. The comb is made in the form of a bent profile, consisting of upper and lower shelves, bent at an obtuse angle, and on the upper shelf there are trapezoidal protrusions with rounded edges at the smaller and larger bases of the protrusions, while the protrusions are evenly spaced along the entire length of the upper shelf, and the smaller base of the protrusion is located on the edge of this shelf. The bar-slatted concave is made of two parts, consisting of symmetrical front 10 and rear 11 sections and pivotally interconnected with the possibility of turning them 180 degrees. The front 10 and rear 11 sections of the bar-slatted concave are made different in terms of the angle of coverage of the threshing drum, and the front section of the bar-slatted concave is made with a larger angle of coverage compared to the rear section of the bar-slatted concave, made with a smaller angle of coverage. The threshing device provides an increase in the productivity of the combine harvester, as well as increases its resource and service life. 7 p.p. f-ly, 3 dwg

Description

The claimed utility model relates to agricultural engineering and is intended for use in the construction of threshing devices for grain harvesters.

Known threshing devices for combine harvesters "DON-1500B" and "DON-1200B" [Self-propelled combine harvesters "DON-1500B" and "DON-1200B". Technical description and instruction manual. - Rostov-on-Don: OJSC "Rostselmash", 1994], including a frame, a threshing drum, an adjustable single-section bar-slat concave installed under the threshing drum, an impact beater, an apron and a finger grate, fixed on the rear bar of the bar-slat concave, while the bar-slatted concave is made symmetrical and can be used in a rotated position.

The disadvantages of these devices are the following: the single-section design of the concave of the threshing drum limits the optimization of its settings when harvesting various crops that require extended working clearances between the concave and the threshing drum, and also makes it difficult to clean when it clogs; high labor intensity of installation and dismantling of a single-section concave of a threshing drum for a combine in case of replacement of the concave or when converting it to harvest other crops, which leads to long downtime of the combine harvester, quantitative and qualitative losses, a decrease in the main working time and, as a result, to a decrease in the productivity of the combine harvester.

Known threshing devices combine harvesters CLAAS TUCANO 320-480 [Operation manual. - 0002948298 - VA TUCANO 480-320 - 03/2014. CLAAS KGaA mbH Postfach 116333416 Harsewinkel - Germany, website www.claas.com], including a frame, a feed drum (depending on the version of the combine), a threshing drum, adjustable bar-slat concavities installed under the working bodies, a breaker beater, an apron and a finger grate fixed on the rear wall of the bar-slatted concave of the threshing drum, while the bar-slatted concave is made asymmetric.

Known threshing devices combine harvesters KZS-1420 "PALESSE GS14" [Self-propelled combine harvester KZS-1420 "PALESSE GS14". User manual. - JSC "GOMSELMASH", 10/2016, website www.gomselmash.by] and KZS-1218 "PALESSE GS12" [Self-propelled grain harvester KZS-1218 "PALESSE GS12". User manual. - OJSC "GOMSELMASH", 06/2020, website www.gomselmash.by], including a frame, an accelerating drum, a threshing drum, adjustable bar-slat concavities installed under the working bodies, a bumper beater, an apron and a finger grate, fixed on the rear bar of the bar-slatted concave of the threshing drum, while the bar-slat concave is asymmetrical.

The disadvantages of these devices are: high labor intensity of installation and dismantling of a single-section concave of a threshing drum for a harvester, in the case of replacing the concave or converting it to harvest other crops, which leads to long downtime of the combine harvester, quantitative and qualitative losses, a decrease in the main working time, and how as a consequence, to a decrease in the productivity of the combine harvester; small (or limited) resource of a single-section concave of the threshing drum with wear of the transverse slats due to the impossibility of using the concave in the rotated position, since the concave is asymmetrical, which leads to the need to purchase a new concave or restore the existing concave with the performance of mechanical operations for boring the working edges of the transverse slats; the single-section design of the threshing drum concave limits the optimization of its settings when harvesting various crops that require wider working clearances between the concave and the threshing drum, and also makes it difficult to clean when it clogs.

Closest to the claimed utility model is the threshing device of the New Holland CX 8080 combine harvester [Operator's Manual. No. 84131026. - 3rd edition, 07/2008. CNH BELGIUM NV, Leon Claeysstraat 3A, B-8210 ZEDELGEM - Belgium, website www.newholland.com], which includes a frame, a threshing drum, an intermediate beater, a separator drum, adjustable bar-slat concavities installed under the working bodies, and batter beater, while the bar-slat concave is asymmetrical.

The disadvantages of this device are: a small (or limited) resource of the single-section concave of the threshing drum when the cross bars are worn due to the impossibility of using the concave in the rotated position, since the concave is asymmetrical, which leads to the need to purchase a new concave or restore the existing concave with the performance of mechanical operations by boring the working edges of the cross bars; single-section design of the threshing drum concave limits the optimization of its settings when harvesting various crops that require extended working clearances between the concave and the threshing drum, and also complicates cleaning when it clogs; high labor intensity of installation and dismantling of a single-section concave of a threshing drum for a combine in case of replacement of the concave or when converting it to harvest other crops, which leads to long downtime of the combine harvester, quantitative and qualitative losses, a decrease in the main working time and, as a result, to a decrease in the productivity of the combine harvester.

The objective of the claimed utility model is to increase the productivity of the combine harvester, increase the main working time, increase the resource and service life of the structure, reduce the labor intensity of cleaning the threshing device when it clogs, as well as the ability to adjust the recommended clearances over a larger range.

To achieve the specified technical result, the claimed utility model containing a frame, a threshing drum, an intermediate beater, a separator drum, adjustable bar-slat concave concavities installed under the working bodies, and an impact beater, are introduced, made of sheet metal, a plate and a comb installed respectively, in the front part of the rear section of the bar-slatted concave and in the rear part of the front section of the bar-slatted concave, the comb is made in the form of a bent profile, consisting of upper and lower shelves bent at an obtuse angle, and on the upper shelf there are trapezoidal projections with rounded edges at the smaller and larger bases of the protrusions and are evenly spaced along the entire length of the upper shelf, and the smaller base of the protrusion is located on the edge of this shelf, while the bar-slat concave is made of two parts, hingedly connected to each other and consisting of symmetrical front and rear sections , with possible by turning them 180 degrees. The front and rear sections of the bar-slatted concave are made different in terms of the angle of coverage of the threshing drum, and the front section of the bar-slatted concave is made with a larger angle of coverage compared to the rear section of the bar-slatted concave, made with a smaller angle of coverage. The front and rear sections of the bar-slatted concave are made with the same angle of coverage of the threshing drum. The front and rear sections of the bar-slat concave are made with the possibility of their simultaneous reversal or reversal of each section separately. The bottom flange of the comb and the plate are fixed with bolted connections. The comb is installed on the front section of the bar-slatted concave so that the upper shelf with trapezoidal protrusions is directed in the direction opposite to the movement of the combine, and closes the space between the connection of the two sections of the bar-slatted concave. The shields located in the front part of the front section of the bar-slatted concave and in the rear part of the rear section of the bar-slatted concave are removable and fixed with bolted connections. When turning the front section of the bar-slatted concave, the flap changes places with the comb, and when turning the rear section of the bar-slatted concave, the plate changes places with the flap.

Thanks to these innovations, an increase in the resource and service life of the structure is achieved, a decrease in the labor intensity of cleaning the threshing device when it is clogged, an increase in the main working time, the possibility of adjusting the recommended clearances in a wider range and, as a consequence, an increase in the productivity of the combine harvester.

The claimed device is illustrated by drawings:

- fig. 1 - General view of the threshing device (in section);

- fig. 2 - General view of the front section of the bar-slatted concave (in isometric view);

- fig. 3 is a general view of the rear section of the bar-slatted concave (in isometric view).

The claimed utility model contains the following structural elements (Fig. 1-3): 1 - frame; 2 - threshing drum; 3 - intermediate beater; 4 - drum separator; 5 - impact beater; 6, 7, 8 - concave; 9 - finger lattice; 10 - the front section of the concave; 11 - rear section of the concave; 12, 19 - concave frame; 13, 20 - rods; 14, 22 - shield; 15 - comb; 16 - bolts; 17 - nuts; 18 - washers; 21 - plate, - while the threshing device includes a threshing drum 2, an intermediate beater 3, a separator drum 4, an impact beater 5, pivotally mounted in the frame 1 on ball bearings, bar-slat concave concavities 6, 7, 8, made adjustable with respect to the threshing drum 2, the intermediate beater 3 and the separator drum 4, and the finger grate 9, fixed on the rear plate of the bar-slat concave 8 of the separator drum 4. The bar-slat concave 6 of the threshing drum 2 is made of two parts, hingedly interconnected and consisting of front 10 and rear 11 sections of the concave. The front section of the concave 10 is a prefabricated structure that includes a welded concave frame 12, rods 13 inserted into the holes of the transverse slats of the concave frame 12 and forming a grate through which the grain is separated, a shield 14 installed in the front part of the concave frame 12, and a comb 15, installed in the rear part of the concave frame 12, while the shield 14 and the comb 15 are fixed with bolts 16, nuts 17 and washers 18. The rear section of the concave 11 is a prefabricated structure including a welded concave frame 19, rods 20 inserted into the holes of the transverse slats of the concave frame 19 and forming a grate through which the grain is separated, the plate 21 installed in the front part of the concave frame 19, and the flap 22 installed in the rear part of the concave frame 19, while the plate 21 and the flap 22 are fixed with bolts 16, nuts 17 and washers 18.

The inventive device operates as follows (see Fig. 1-3).

The process mass enters from the inclined chamber (not shown in Figs. 1-3) into the threshing gap. The whips of the threshing drum 2 actively capture the technological mass and drag it into the space between the threshing drum 2 and the bar-slatted concave 6. Since the speed of movement of the technological mass in the threshing gap between the threshing drum 2 and the bar-slat concave 6 is less than the speed of the threshing bars, the technological the mass is subjected to their repeated blows and frays well. Under the action of centrifugal force, the threshed grains, together with small impurities, spill through the lattice of the bar-slat concave 6 and fall on the shaker board (not shown in Fig. 1-3), and the coarse heap with an insignificant part of free grain is fed to the intermediate beater 3, which separates part of the grain and small heap through the grating of the bar-slat concave 7 and directs the technological mass to the separator drum 4. The blades of the separator drum 4 capture the technological mass and, due to the staggered arrangement of the blades, level it in the space between the separator drum 4 and the bar-slat concave 8 before feeding to the batter beater 5, creating a thinner and more uniform layer along the width of the separator drum 4. Under the action of centrifugal force, the remaining grains, together with small impurities, spill through the lattice of the bar-slat concave 8 and fall on the shaking board (in Fig. 1- 3 not shown), but a coarse heap emerging from the space between at the drum-separator 4 and the bar-slatted concave 8, is picked up by the blades of the impact beater 5 and sent to the straw walker (in Fig. 1-3 not shown).

During operation, the bar-slat concave 6 of the threshing drum 2 is subjected to stress and intense friction, while wear of the transverse slats of the bar-slat concave 6 occurs, which ultimately can significantly reduce the quality of the output product. Therefore, it is necessary to visually inspect the working surface of the bar-slat concave 6 through the provided technological windows in the frame 1. When the limit wear of the transverse slats of the bar-slat concave 6 of the threshing drum 2, consisting of the front section of the concave 10 and the rear section of the concave 11 occurs, it is necessary to replace for each individual section (if there is wear on both sections), turning them 180 degrees, thereby using the front section of the concave 10 and the rear section of the concave 11 with worn working edges in the rotated position. To do this, dismantle the front 10 and rear 11 sections of the concave. After dismantling the front section 10, it is necessary to remove the shield 14 and the comb 15, having previously unscrewed the bolts 16 with the nuts 17 and washers 18, then replace the comb 15 with the shield 14, and replace the shield 14 with the comb 15, fixing the comb 15 and the shield 14 at using bolts 16, nuts 17 and washers 18. After dismantling the rear section 11 of the concave, it is necessary to remove plate 21 and shield 22, having previously unscrewed bolts 16 with nuts 17 and washers 18, then replace the shield 22 with plate 21, and replace plate 21 install shield 22, fixing plate 21 and shield 22 using bolts 16, nuts 17 and washers 18. The front section of the concave 10 and the rear section of the concave 11 are installed in their original place in the reverse sequence to dismantling.

Since the degree of load on each section of the bar-slat concave 6 is unevenly distributed in the threshing gap, the wear of the cross bars of the front section of the concave 10 and the rear section of the concave 11 will be unequal, which makes it possible to replace the front 10 or rear 11 sections of the concave as the limit wear of the cross bars occurs ...

The technical result consists in increasing the main working time due to the quick installation and dismantling of the concave sections of the threshing drum, in reducing the labor intensity of cleaning the threshing device when it clogs, in providing the possibility of adjusting the recommended clearances in a larger range, and, as a consequence, in increasing the productivity of the combine harvester, and also in increasing the resource and service life of the structure.

Claims (8)

1. A threshing device of a combine harvester containing a frame, a threshing drum, an intermediate beater, a separator drum, adjustable bar-slat concavities installed under the working bodies, and a hammer beater, characterized in that it contains a plate and a comb made of sheet metal , installed respectively in the front part of the rear section of the bar-slatted concave and in the rear part of the front section of the bar-slatted concave, the comb is made in the form of a bent profile, consisting of upper and lower shelves bent at an obtuse angle, and on the upper shelf there are trapezoidal projections with rounded edges at the smaller and larger bases of the protrusions and are evenly spaced along the entire length of the upper shelf, and the smaller base of the protrusion is located on the edge of this shelf, while the bar-slat concave is made of two parts, hingedly connected to each other and consisting of symmetrical front and rear sections, with possible turn them 180 degrees. 2. The threshing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the front and rear sections of the bar-slatted concave are made different in terms of the angle of coverage of the threshing drum, and the front section of the bar-slatted concave is made with a large angle of coverage compared to the rear section of the bar-slatted concave , made with a smaller angle of coverage. 3. The threshing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the front and rear sections of the bar-slat concave are made with the same angle of coverage of the threshing drum. 4. The threshing device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the front and rear sections of the bar-slat concave are made with the possibility of their simultaneous reversal or reversal of each section separately. 5. Threshing device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the bottom shelf of the comb and the plate are fixed by means of bolted connections. 6. Threshing device according to any one of paragraphs. 1, 5, characterized in that the comb is installed on the front section of the bar-slat concave so that the upper shelf with trapezoidal protrusions is directed in the direction opposite to the movement of the combine, and closes the space between the connection of the two sections of the bar-slat concave. 7. The threshing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the shields located in the front part of the front section of the bar-slat concave and in the rear part of the rear section of the bar-slat concave are removable and fixed with bolted connections. 8. Threshing device according to claim 7, characterized in that when the front section of the bar-slatted concave is turned, the flap changes places with the comb, and when the rear section of the bar-slatted concave is turned, the plate changes places with the flap.

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