RU2821231C1 - Grain harvester threshing concave with adjustable pin grate - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: concave of threshing device of combine harvester with adjustable pin grate (5) contains welded frame (1) formed by sidewalls, transverse planks and longitudinal ribs. Bars pass through transverse planks of concave frame (1). In the front part of frame (1) of the concave there is shield (3). In the rear part of frame (1) of the concave there is apron (4). In front part of frame (1) of concave there are removable sections (2). Brackets are installed on apron (4) beam surface. In the rear part of frame (1) of the concave there is pin grate (5) consisting of guide (10) and lever (11). Pin grate (5) on apron (4) brackets and on concave frame (1) sides are fixed by axes. Guide (10) includes a base, an axis made in the form of a round pipe, plates and a comb. Axis and plates are rigidly connected to the base. Comb is fixed by means of bolted connection. Lever (11) is hingedly fixed on the guide plates and represents a welded structure consisting of a pipe of round section and straps located at the edges of the pipe and rigidly connected to each other.

EFFECT: enabling increase in the combine harvester efficiency, increase of the main working time and reduction of time and human resources expenditures for re-equipment for various crops harvesting.

10 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The claimed invention relates to agricultural engineering, in particular, to threshing and separating devices of grain harvesters for harvesting various crops.

The concave of the threshing device of the RSM-10B “DON-1500B” combine harvester is known [1. Operating and maintenance instructions, website: https://www.sinref.ru/000_uchebniki/04800selskoe_kombaini/030_kombain_rsm10b_don_1500b_instrukcia/038.htm (date of access - 07/01/2023), 2. Device for harvesting corn PDK-10A. Catalog of parts and assembly units, website: https://www.kleverltd.ru/upload/iblock/e61/xb4gefma0c0q4hvbajcdsihbsntcypye/Katalog-detalev-i-sborochnykh-edinits-PDK_10A.pdf (date of access - 07/01/2023)], including includes a welded frame formed by sidewalls, transverse strips and longitudinal ribs, rods passing through the transverse strips of the concave frame, a shield installed in the front part of the concave frame, an apron and a finger grill installed in the rear part of the concave frame. When converting to corn harvesting, it is necessary to dismantle the concave with a finger grate for harvesting grain crops and install a concave with a finger grate for harvesting corn.

The disadvantages of this design are:

- lack of versatility in the design of the concave frame with a finger grid for harvesting various crops;

- the need to purchase a special concave with a finger grid for harvesting corn;

- the need to use two or more human resources or special lifting devices for installation and dismantling of a concave with a finger grid due to its large overall dimensions and weight;

- high labor intensity of replacing the concave with a finger grid and their subsequent dismantling, depending on the crops being harvested, which leads to long downtime of the combine harvester, quantitative and qualitative losses, a reduction in the main working time and, as a consequence, a decrease in the productivity of the combine.

The concave of the threshing device of the CLAAS TUCANO 320 combine harvester is known [site: http://partsdoc-public.claas.com/ipp/jsp/main.jsp?sig=8144CD64960347C3E0CA7B3F06AD68A79ABC54311756AC5629E7CF1BD880336E7731F4C 40BB938901948845886CBC0FDB704B8796EA82203ED1054E31F86223D&doAction=catalogAssv&k_vari=&k_ver=&image=-2&k_lfdnr=&nodeId=36 (date appeal - 07/01/2023)], which includes a welded frame formed by sidewalls, transverse profiles installed in the front and rear parts of the concave frame, and longitudinal ribs located perpendicular to the transverse profiles, removable sections installed in the concave frame, an apron and a finger grilles installed on the rear transverse profile of the concave frame. When converting to corn harvesting, it is necessary to dismantle the removable sections and the finger grid for harvesting grain crops and install the removable sections and the finger grid for harvesting corn.

The disadvantages of these designs are:

- lack of versatility in the design of the finger grid of the concave of a combine harvester for harvesting various crops;

- the need to purchase a special finger grill for harvesting corn;

- high labor intensity of installation of the finger screen and its subsequent dismantling, depending on the crops being harvested, which leads to long downtime of the combine harvester, quantitative and qualitative losses, a reduction in the main working time and, as a consequence, a decrease in the productivity of the combine.

The concave of the threshing device of the grain harvester KZS-1218 "PALESSE GS12" is known [Self-propelled grain harvester KZS-1218 "GS12". Operating instructions, website: https://gomselmash.by/upload/iblock/40d/manual_kzk_12_0000000b_21_12_2022.pdf. Set of equipment for harvesting corn for grain KOK-8-2. Operating manual, website: https://gomselmash.by/upload/iblock/ffa/manual_kzk_12_1_0500000_01_2023.pdf (date of access - 07/01/2023)], including a preliminary concave with removable sections, a main concave consisting of a welded frame, formed by sidewalls, transverse strips and longitudinal ribs, and rods passing through the transverse strips of the concave frame, an apron and a finger grill installed at the rear of the main concave frame. When converting to harvesting corn, it is necessary to dismantle the removable sections on the preliminary concave for harvesting grain crops and install removable sections for harvesting corn, as well as install the concave finger grid overlap shield and the overlap shields of the first and second cascades of straw walker keys.

The disadvantages of this design are:

- low versatility of the design of the finger grate of the concave of a combine harvester for harvesting various crops;

- the need to purchase special cover plates for the finger grid and the first two cascades of straw walker keys for harvesting corn;

- high labor intensity of installing the finger lattice overlap panels and the first two cascades of straw walker keys and their subsequent dismantling depending on the crops being harvested, which leads to long downtime of the combine harvester, quantitative and qualitative losses, a decrease in the main working time and, as a consequence, a decrease in the productivity of the combine .

The closest to the claimed invention is the concave of the threshing device of the ACROS grain harvester [Catalog of spare parts for the ACROS self-propelled grain harvester, website: https://pp.rostselmash.com/ipp/jsp/main.isp?sig=719EC53DE0AECD5E51CFE1DEFA9DA78B8BE9C97B4758C87EC482AC1 D4530560CB39C1D3B729549B6ADC52F6A8867C8EF7FE2D9373AD0CE4052662E67DC60E837&doAction=catalog&itemsOnImageActive=1&forceReload=true (date of access - 07/01/2023)], including a welded frame formed by sidewalls, transverse strips and longitudinal ribs, rods passing through the transverse strips of the concave frame, a shield installed in the front part of the concave frame, an apron and a finger grill installed in rear part of the concave frame. When converting to corn harvesting, it is necessary to dismantle the concave with a finger grate for harvesting grain crops and install a concave with a finger grate for harvesting corn.

The disadvantages of this design are:

- high labor intensity of replacing the concave with a finger grate and their subsequent dismantling, depending on the crops being harvested, which leads to long downtime of the combine harvester, quantitative and qualitative losses, a decrease in the main working time and, as a consequence, a decrease in the productivity of the combine;

- the need to use two or more operators or special lifting devices for installation and dismantling of a concave with a finger grid due to its large overall dimensions and weight;

- lack of versatility in the design of the concave frame with a finger grid for harvesting various crops;

- the need to purchase a special concave with a finger grid for harvesting corn.

The objective of the claimed invention is to increase the productivity of a grain harvester, increase the main working time and reduce the cost of time and human resources for re-equipment for harvesting various crops.

To achieve the specified technical result, the inventive concave of the threshing device of a combine harvester contains a welded frame formed by sidewalls, transverse strips and longitudinal ribs, rods passing through the transverse strips of the concave frame, a shield installed in the front part of the concave frame, and an apron installed in the rear parts of the concave frame, removable sections installed in the front part of the concave frame, brackets installed on the surface of the apron beam, a finger grid installed in the rear part of the concave frame and consisting of a guide and a lever, and axles fixing the finger grid on the apron brackets and on sidewalls of the concave frame, wherein the guide includes a base, an axis made in the form of a circular tube, a plate and a comb, wherein the axis and plates are rigidly connected to the base, and the comb is fixed using a bolted connection, the lever is hingedly fixed on the guide plates and represents It is a welded structure consisting of a round pipe and linings located along the edges of the pipe and rigidly connected to each other. The brackets are located symmetrically relative to each other on the surface of the apron beam and are rigidly fixed on its surface, while the brackets are made in the form of an L-shaped profile, the bent shelves of which are located in the same plane at the same angle to each other. The angle of inclination of the bent shelves of the brackets corresponds to the lower angle of the base of the guide finger grid. The finger grille is rotatable with the ability to change its position by rotating on the axes. The comb is a flat sheet part with protrusions evenly spaced along its entire length, made in the form of trapezoidal fingers with rounded edges at the smaller and larger bases of the protrusions, with the smaller base of the protrusion located on the edge of the comb. The fingers of the comb are made of different lengths and in alternating groups of varying lengths. The comb is made symmetrical relative to the plane of the projections with the possibility of its rotation by 180 degrees and installation on the base of the guide finger grid. The limitation of the finger grille in the lower position is that the base of the guide rests on the bent shelf of the brackets. The limitation of the finger grill in the upper position is that the cone of the finger grill lever lining rests on the holes located on the surface of the apron beam. The finger grille is made removable with the possibility of dismantling and subsequent installation on the concave frame without dismantling it. The comb is made removable with the possibility of dismantling and mounting on the base of the guide finger grid without dismantling it.

Thanks to these innovations, a reduction in time and the use of human resources for re-equipment for harvesting various crops is achieved by introducing a rotating finger grid into the concave design, increasing the main working time and, as a result, increasing the productivity of the combine harvester.

The claimed invention is illustrated by drawings:

- fig. 1 - general view of the concave of the threshing device (in isometry);

- fig. 2 - side view of the concave of the threshing device (lower position of the finger grid);

- fig. 3 - side view of the concave of the threshing device (upper position of the finger grid);

- fig. 4 - rear view of the concave of the threshing device (in isometry, upper position of the finger grid).

The claimed invention contains the following structural elements (see Fig. 1-4): 1 - frame; 2 - removable sections; 3 - shield; 4 - apron; 5 - finger grille; 6 - beam; 7, 8 - brackets; 9 - canvas; 10 - guide; 11 - lever; 12, 14, 19 - axles; 13 - base; 15 - plates; 16 - comb; 17 - pipe; 18 - linings; 20, 25 - bolts; 21, 26 - nuts; 22, 23, 27 - washers; 24 - cotter pins, - in this case, the concave is a prefabricated structure and includes a frame 1, removable sections 2 installed in the front part between the sidewalls of the frame 1, a shield 3 installed in the front part of the frame 1 and fixing the removable sections 2, an apron 4 and finger grille 5 installed in the rear part of frame 1. Shield 3 is fixed on the front transverse bar of frame 1 using bolts 25, nuts 26 and washers 27. Apron 4 is fixed on the rear transverse bar of frame 1 using bolts 25, nuts 26 and washers 27 The apron 4 includes a beam 6, brackets 7 and 8, rigidly fixed on the surface of the beam 6, and a sheet 9 made of rubberized fabric and fixed on the beam 6. The finger grid 5 includes a guide 10 and a lever 11, hinged to it. guide 10 using axles 19, washers 23 and cotter pins 24, while guide 10 is a prefabricated structure consisting of a base 13, axle 14 and plates 15 rigidly connected by welding, and a comb 16 fixed to the base 13 using bolts 20 , nuts 21 and washers 22, and the lever 11 is made in the form of a welded structure consisting of a pipe 17 and linings 18 located along the edges of the pipe 17 and rigidly connected to each other. The finger grille 5 is fixed on the brackets 7 and 8 of the apron 4 and on the sides of the frame 1 using axes 12.

The inventive device operates as follows (see Fig. 1-4). When harvesting corn, it is necessary to adjust the position of the guide 10 with the comb 16 of the finger grid 5 of the concave of the threshing device through the technological window provided in the thresher frame (not shown in Fig. 1-4). In this case, the guide 10 with the comb 16 of the finger grid 5 must be moved to the upper position using the lever 11. To do this, it is necessary to lift up the lever 11 and install the conical part of the lining 18 in the holes located on the surface of the beam 6 of the apron 4, while the guide 10 with the comb 16 takes its upper position under its own weight. With this position of the guide 10 with the comb 16, the ejection of corn cobs by the impact beater (not shown in Fig. 1-4) in the direction of the first cascades of the key straw walker (not shown in Fig. 1-4) of the tangential component of the inertia force of the impact beater (in Fig. 1-4 not shown).

When harvesting cereal crops, it is necessary to adjust the position of the guide 10 with the comb 16 of the concave of the threshing device through the technological window provided in the threshing frame (not shown in Fig. 1-4). In this case, the guide 10 with the comb 16 must be moved to the lower position using the lever 11. To do this, the lever 11 is disengaged from the beam 6 of the apron 4, lifting it up and turning it in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the combine, lowered down, while the lining 18 of the lever 11 are inserted into the space between the beam 6 of the apron 4 and the base 13 of the guide 10, and the base 13 of the guide 10 with its inner surface rests on the bent shelves of the brackets 7, 8 of the apron 4, while the guide 10 with the comb 16 under the influence of its own weight takes its lower position. With this position of the guide 10 with the comb 16, the process mass flows in the direction of the first cascades of the straw walker (not shown in Fig. 1-4).

To dismantle the finger grid 5, it is necessary to dismantle the axis 12 on both sides through the technological windows provided in the thresher frame (not shown in Fig. 1-4). To install the finger grille 5, it is necessary to repeat the same operations in reverse order. To dismantle the comb 16 from the base 13 of the guide 10, it is necessary to unfasten the bolts 20, nuts 21 with washers 22. To install the comb 16 on the base 13 of the guide 10, it is necessary to repeat the same operations in the reverse order, having previously aligned the holes of the comb 16 with the holes of the base 13 of the guide 10.

The technical result consists in reducing the time spent and the use of human resources for re-equipping the concave for harvesting various crops, increasing the main working time, and, as a result, increasing the productivity of the combine harvester.

Claims (10)

1. The concave of a threshing device of a combine harvester with an adjustable finger grid, containing a welded frame formed by sidewalls, transverse strips and longitudinal ribs, rods passing through the transverse strips of the concave frame, a shield installed in the front part of the concave frame, and an apron installed in the rear part concave frame, characterized in that it contains removable sections installed in the front part of the concave frame, brackets installed on the surface of the apron beam, a finger grille installed in the rear part of the concave frame and consisting of a guide and a lever, and an axle fixing the finger grille on the apron brackets and on the sidewalls of the concave frame, wherein the guide includes a base, an axis made in the form of a circular tube, plates and a comb, wherein the axis and plates are rigidly connected to the base, and the comb is fixed using a bolted connection, the lever is pivotally fixed on guide plates and is a welded structure consisting of a round pipe and linings located along the edges of the pipe and rigidly connected to each other. 2. The concave according to claim 1, characterized in that the brackets are made in the form of an L-shaped profile, the bent shelves of which are located in the same plane at the same angle to each other and are located symmetrically relative to each other on the surface of the apron beam and are rigidly fixed to it surfaces. 3. The concave according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle of inclination of the bent shelves of the brackets corresponds to the lower angle of the base of the guide finger grid. 4. The concave according to claim 1, characterized in that the finger grille is rotatable with the ability to change its position by rotating on the axes. 5. The concave according to claim 1, characterized in that the comb is a flat sheet part with protrusions evenly spaced along its entire length, made in the form of trapezoidal fingers with rounded edges at the smaller and larger bases of the protrusions, and the smaller base of the protrusion is located on edge of the comb. 6. The concave according to claim 1, characterized in that the fingers of the comb are made of different lengths and alternating groups of different lengths. 7. The concave according to claim 1, characterized in that the comb is made symmetrical relative to the plane of the protrusions with the possibility of turning it 180 degrees and installing it on the base of the guide finger grid. 8. The concave according to claim 1, characterized in that the limitation of the finger grid in its lower position is that the base of the guide rests against the bent shelf of the brackets, and the limitation of the finger grid in its upper position is that the cone of the finger grid lever rests against the holes located on the surface of the beam apron 9. The concave according to claim 1, characterized in that the finger grille is removable with the possibility of dismantling and subsequent installation on the concave frame without dismantling it. 10. The concave according to claim 1, characterized in that the comb is removable with the possibility of dismantling and mounting on the base of the guide finger grid without dismantling it.