RU2052620C1 - Storage for loose materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: industry and agriculture. SUBSTANCE: storage has main and additional containers whose walls are formed by sectional three-dimensional blocks and edge makeup thre-dimensional blocks arranged in rows in height with relative displacement which have spaces in form of additional containers. Three-dimensional blocks have holes for bolts at joints. EFFECT: enlarged operating capabilities. 8 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of construction and can be used in the construction of storage facilities for bulk materials.

 A repository for bulk materials is known, including the main containers and additional containers located along their perimeter, the walls of which are made from placed in rows in the plan and height of the volume units. The main containers in the horizontal projection are made in the form of irregular hexagons and pentagons, and their layout in plan has two orthogonal axes of symmetry. The main containers located around the perimeter of the storage are made without additional containers on the outside. Inside the storage, additional containers, as well as the main ones, are placed according to a scheme having two orthogonal axes of symmetry. The volumetric block includes two internal cavities, made in plan in the form of two isosceles triangles with a common vertex located in the center of symmetry of the volumetric block. Each non-contour volumetric block is connected to four adjacent volumetric blocks, and the blocks are joined by their angles. In height, the volume blocks are located one above the other without mutual displacement. In the extreme rows along the perimeter of the storehouse there are additional flat elements of two sizes: long and short. Vertical seams in the nodal joints of all elements and blocks are made without dressing in height or, as an option, their dressing is carried out through the use of different types of joints in different rows along the height of the store. The presence of additional containers allows using them as vertical discharge channels to avoid increasing horizontal pressure on the walls and dividing bulk material into fractions when unloading from the main tank, as well as to carry out active ventilation (aeration) of bulk material. Volumetric blocks are stable during installation and do not require temporary fastenings.

The disadvantages of the known solution:
the placement of volumetric elements in height one above the other without mutual displacement, which determines the execution of vertical joints in nodal joints without dressing, which reduces the strength, rigidity and operational reliability of the structure, or requiring the use of different types of joints in even and odd rows in height for dressing, which reduces level of structural solution unification, doubling the range of prefabricated storage elements (two types of volumetric blocks, two types of short additional flat elements, two types of lengths s dobornyh flat elements with heterogeneous docking units) and, thereby, increases the manufacturing costs of industrial products;
axial (mirror symmetry of additional containers and layout of volumetric blocks, which determines the execution of the main containers in the form of irregular hexagons and pentagons in plan, which increases the relative perimeter of the walls and the material consumption of the structure, increases the building area required for storage, and also worsens its performance.

 The purpose of the invention is the increase of strength, stiffness, reduction of material consumption and the cost of manufacturing the design of the storage, improving its performance.

 This is achieved by the fact that in the storage for bulk materials, including the main hexagonal in terms of capacity and placed along their perimeter, additional triangular in terms of capacity, the walls of which are made of rows of volumetric blocks arranged in rows in plan and in height and connected to each other by their corners, containing two internal cavities in the form of additional containers, grouped by the vertices of the angles at the center of symmetry of the volume unit, the configuration of additional containers and internal cavities, as well as the layout I have volumetric blocks for height storage. Additional containers and internal cavities of volume blocks are made in the plan in the form of regular triangles. Volumetric blocks, main and additional capacities are arranged in a cyclically symmetrical pattern. The main containers in horizontal projection are made in the form of regular hexagons. Additional containers are located around the perimeter of the main tanks, including the contour area of the storage. In height, the volume blocks of each overlying row with respect to the volume blocks of the underlying row are offset to allow the ligation of the vertical butt joints through two rows. On the contour of the storage there are additional volumetric blocks containing one internal cavity. The internal cavities can be made in plan strictly in the form of a regular triangle or with truncation in the corners. Instead of flat walls of volumetric blocks, it is also possible to use walls in the form of curved (for example, cylindrical) surfaces.

The claimed solution in contrast to the prototype allows you to:
to fulfill the main containers in the horizontal projection in the form of regular hexagons, ensuring their uniformity in outline and cyclic symmetry;
place volume blocks, main and additional capacities according to a cyclically symmetric scheme;
place additional containers around the entire perimeter of the main tanks, including the contour area of the store;
Perform the internal cavities of the volume blocks in the plan in the form of regular triangles (cyclically symmetric);
ligation of vertical butt joints through two rows in height due to the displacement of the volume blocks in the plan in relation to the volume blocks of the underlying row;
reduce the range of precast storage elements by using one type of additional volumetric block.

 All of the above allows you to increase strength, stiffness, reduce material consumption and the cost of manufacturing the design of the storage, improving its performance.

 In FIG. 1 shows a plan for the placement of prefabricated volumetric wall blocks with triangular internal cavities truncated in the corners in the nth row; in FIG. 2 the same, in the (n + 1) -th row; in FIG. 3 the same, in the (n + 2) -th row; in FIG. 4 connection of a volumetric wall block with an adjacent one; in FIG. 5 volumetric prefabricated wall block with triangular internal cavities, truncated in the corners, plan; in FIG. 6 layout plan of prefabricated volumetric wall blocks with regular triangular internal cavities in the nth row; in FIG. 7 the same, in the (n + 1) -th row; in FIG. 8 is the same in the (n + 2) -th row.

 The storage includes the main hexagonal in terms of capacity 1 and additional capacity 2, the walls of which are prefabricated volumetric blocks 3 with internal cavities 5 in the form of additional containers and edge additional volumetric blocks 4 arranged in rows in height with mutual displacement. The inner cavity 5 is made in the form of regular triangles. Volumetric blocks 3 have holes 6 for bolts 7 at the joints. Volumetric blocks are shifted in height with ligation of vertical joints through two rows. Volumetric wall blocks 3 and 4 are made of reinforced concrete in the factory using traditional methods. The most appropriate height of the volume blocks is 1.2 m, the diameter of the inner circle inscribed in the main containers is 3-6 m, the wall thickness is 120-160 mm.

 Installation of the storage at the construction site is reduced to the tiered installation of prefabricated volumetric blocks 3 and their connection with each other and with additional blocks 4 with bolts 7, passed through holes 6, followed by monoling.

 Compared with the prototype, the claimed storage due to the implementation of the internal cavities of the volumetric blocks in the form of regular triangles in plan, which determine the cyclic symmetry and the correct hexagonal shape of the main containers, allows to reduce the relative perimeter of the walls and reduce the material consumption of the structure, as well as reduce the building area required for the storage, thanks to a denser layout in terms of storage capacity.

 The shape and layout of the volumetric blocks in height make it possible to use a more efficient system of dressing vertical butt joints, in which, after every two rows, the joints are completely overlapped by a solid section of the block wall. Each non-contour additional triangular capacity is connected by common volumetric blocks with three adjacent additional triangular capacities (and not with one, as in the prototype). All this helps to increase the strength, rigidity and operational reliability of the storage structure.

 In the claimed storage, an abbreviated nomenclature of prefabricated elements was used, including two types of them (main volumetric blocks with two internal cavities and additional volumetric blocks with one internal cavity, which can be made by installing plugs in the same form as the main blocks) versus the six types accepted in a variant of the prototype, involving the ligation of vertical joints (two types of two-cavity three-dimensional blocks, two types of short additional flat elements, two types of long additional flat elements, different which are separated from each other by the solution of docking assemblies in elements of different rows in height and requiring individual equipment for the manufacture of each type of elements). This allows you to increase the level of unification of the design solution of the storage, reduce the cost of manufacturing and improve the quality of industrial products.

 The uniformity of the outlines in plan and the cyclic symmetry of the main tanks, as well as the placement of additional tanks around their perimeter, including the contour zone of the store, contribute to the improvement of its operational qualities, as allow more efficient unloading or active ventilation (aeration) of bulk material. The placement of triangular additional containers along the entire contour of the store helps to increase the spatial rigidity of the structure.

Claims (1)

 STORAGE FOR BULK MATERIALS, which includes the main hexagonal in terms of capacity and additional triangular in terms of capacity placed on their perimeter, walls of which are made of rows of volumetric blocks arranged in rows in plan and in height and connected to each other by their corners, containing two internal cavities in the form of additional containers, grouped by the vertices of the angles at the center of symmetry of the volumetric block, characterized in that the internal cavities are made in the plan in the form of regular triangles, and volumetric blocks mutually with escheny height with ligation of vertical joints in two series.

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