RU2049888C1 - Storehouse for friable materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: civil engineering in industry and agriculture. SUBSTANCE: storehouse for friable materials has main reservoirs and additional reservoirs located around the latter. Walls of additional reservoirs are formed of spatial blocks with cantilevered linear sections and internal cavities in the form of additional reservoirs placed in rows along height, and displaced about one another. Main reservoirs are hexagonal in plane, triangular additional reservoirs are located along all their perimeter. Spatial blocks have three cantilevered straight sections and joint so that butts of the straight sections are joint external side surfaces of adjacent spatial blocks. The straight sections are used as walls to take apart main and additional reservoirs. EFFECT: technological effectiveness. 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the construction and can be used in the construction of storage facilities for bulk materials.

 A repository for bulk materials is known, including the main containers and additional containers placed along their perimeter, the walls of which are made from rows of volume units arranged in rows in plan and height. In this case, the main containers in the horizontal projection are made in the form of irregular hexagons and pentagons, and their layout in plan has two orthogonal axes of symmetry. The main containers located around the perimeter of the storage are made without additional containers on the outside. Inside the storage, additional tanks, as well as the main ones, are placed according to a scheme having two orthogonal axes of symmetry. The volume unit includes two internal cavities and an internal rectilinear section connecting them, coaxial to the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the volume unit. Each internal cavity is made in plan in the form of an isosceles triangle. Each non-contour volumetric block is connected to four adjacent volumetric blocks, and the blocks are joined by their angles. At the same time, internal straight-line sections of volume blocks in the plan share adjacent main capacities. In height, the volume blocks are located one above the other without mutual displacement. In the extreme rows along the perimeter of the storehouse there are additional flat elements of two sizes: long and short. Vertical seams in the nodal joints of all elements and blocks are made without dressing in height or, as an option, their dressing is carried out through the use of different types of joints in even and odd rows along the height of the store.

 The presence of additional containers when used as vertical discharge channels avoids the increase in horizontal pressure on the walls and the separation of bulk material into fractions when unloading from the main tank, as well as conduct active ventilation (aeration) of bulk material. Volumetric wall blocks are stable during installation and do not require temporary fastenings.

The disadvantages of the invention are
the placement of volumetric elements in height one above the other without mutual displacement, which determines the execution of vertical joints in nodal joints without dressing, which reduces the strength, rigidity and operational reliability of the structure, or requiring the use of different types of joints in even and odd rows in height for dressing, which reduces level of unification of the design solution, doubles the range of prefabricated storage elements (two types of volumetric blocks, two types of short additional flat elements, two types of length GOVERNMENTAL dobornyh flat elements with heterogeneous docking units) and thereby increases the manufacturing cost of industrial products;
the axial (mirror) symmetry of the additional containers and the layout of the volume blocks, which determine the performance of the main containers in the form of irregular hexagons and pentagons in plan, which increases the relative perimeter of the walls and, accordingly, the material consumption of the structure, increases the building area required for storage, and also worsens its performance.

 The invention is aimed at increasing strength, stiffness, reducing material consumption and the cost of manufacturing the design of the storage, improving its performance.

 This is achieved by the fact that in the storage for bulk materials, which includes the main hexagonal in terms of capacity and placed along their perimeter additional triangular in terms of capacity, the walls of which are made from rows of volumetric blocks arranged in rows in plan and in height, having straight sections and an internal cavity in the form additional capacity, the shape, layout and docking system of the volume units were changed. Volumetric blocks have one cavity in the form of a regular triangle and three rectilinear sections placed cantilever from their outer side coaxially with the walls of triangular internal cavities. Volumetric blocks, main and additional capacities are placed in the plan according to a cyclically symmetric scheme. In this case, the main containers in horizontal projection are made in the form of regular hexagons. Additional containers are located around the perimeter of the main tanks, including the contour area of the storage. Docking of adjacent volumetric blocks was carried out by attaching the end face of a rectilinear cantilever section of one volumetric block to the side surface of another volumetric block at the boundary of its internal cavity. In this solution, each non-contour volumetric block is directly connected to six adjacent volumetric blocks, and its straight-line console sections separate the main containers from the additional ones. In height, the volume blocks are placed with a mutual displacement, ensuring the ligation of vertical joints.

Invention allows
to fulfill the main containers in the horizontal projection in the form of regular hexagons, ensuring their uniformity in outline and cyclic symmetry;
place volume blocks, main and additional capacities according to a cyclically symmetric scheme;
place additional containers around the entire perimeter of the main tanks, incl. in the contour zone of the store;
perform volume blocks with one triangular cavity each;
Perform the internal cavities of the volume blocks in the plan in the form of regular triangles (cyclically symmetric);
perform volume blocks with three straight sections each;
place straight sections cantilever on the outside of the block;
perform straight sections coaxially to the sides of the triangular internal cavities;
to connect adjacent volumetric blocks by attaching the end face of a rectilinear cantilever section of one volumetric block to the side surface of another volumetric block at the boundary of its internal cavity;
to provide a direct connection of each non-contour volume block with six adjacent volume blocks;
to provide bandaging of vertical butt welds due to the location of volume blocks with mutual displacement in height;
ensure the uniformity of nodal connections;
reduce the range of prefabricated elements when performing vertical seams with dressing in height (one main element and two types of additional).

 All of the above allows you to increase strength, stiffness, reduce material consumption and the cost of manufacturing the design of the storage, improving its performance.

 In FIG. 1 shows an even-out layout plan for volume units; in FIG. 2 the same, in an odd row; figure 3 connection of the volume unit with an adjacent plan; figure 4 volumetric block plan.

 The storage includes the main containers 1 and additional containers 2, the walls of which are volume blocks 3 and additional elements 4, arranged in rows in height with mutual displacement. The additional elements 4 can be made flat or in the form of volumetric blocks in accordance with their location in the general layout of the wall elements. Volumetric blocks 3 contain inside the cavity 5 in the form of additional containers 2 and have three straight cantilever sections 6 with bulges 7 at the ends and holes 8 for bolts 9 at the ends and at the joints.

 Volumetric blocks 3 are made of reinforced concrete in the factory using traditional methods. The most appropriate height of the blocks is 1.2 m, the diameter of the inner circle inscribed in the main containers is 3-6 m, the wall thickness is 100-160 mm.

 Installation of the storage at the construction site is reduced to the tiered installation of volumetric blocks 3 and their connection with each other and with additional elements 4 by bolts 9, passed through holes 8 with subsequent monolithic joints.

 Compared with the prototype, the proposed storage due to the implementation of the internal cavities of volumetric blocks in the form of regular triangles in plan, as well as the layout of volumetric blocks and the systems of their joining, which determine the cyclic symmetry and the correct hexagonal shape of the main containers, allows to reduce the relative perimeter of the walls and, accordingly, reduce material consumption design, as well as reduce the building area required for the storage, due to a denser layout in terms of storage capacities.

 At the same time, the shape, layout and joining system of the volumetric blocks, along with the use of their rectilinear sections as the walls separating the main containers from the additional ones, make it possible to use a more efficient system of dressing the vertical butt joints, in which all the vertical joints of each additional capacity in the next row they are covered by a single rigid triangular volumetric block in height, which increases the strength, rigidity and operational reliability of the structure, which is also facilitated by the fact that each The non-contour volumetric block in the claimed storage is directly connected to six (and not four) adjacent volumetric blocks.

 It should be noted that at the same time, the proposed storage used a shortened range of prefabricated elements, including three types of them (main volume blocks with three cantilevered straight sections, additional volume blocks with two cantilevered straight sections, which can be made by installing plugs in one with the main blocks shape, and flat short additional elements) against the six types adopted in the prototype embodiment, providing for the ligation of vertical joints (two types of two-cavity three-dimensional blocks shackles, two types of short additional flat elements, two types of long additional flat elements, which differ from each other by the decision of the docking nodes in the elements of even and odd rows in height and requiring individual equipment for the manufacture of each type of elements). This allows you to increase the level of unification of the design solution of the storage, reduce the cost of manufacturing and improve the quality of industrial products.

 In addition, the uniformity and cyclic symmetry of the main containers, as well as the placement of additional containers around their perimeter, including the contour area of the store, contribute to the improvement of its performance, as it allows more efficient unloading or active ventilation (gas) of bulk material. To this we can add that the placement of triangular additional containers along the entire contour of the store helps to increase the spatial rigidity of the structure.

Claims (1)

 STORAGE FOR BULK MATERIALS, including basic, hexagonal in plan, containers and additional, triangular in plan, containers located on their perimeter, containers, the walls of which are made from rows of building blocks arranged in rows in plan and height, having straight sections and internal cavities in the form of an additional container , characterized in that the volumetric blocks are located with mutual displacement in height, have three straight sections located cantilever from their outer side and separating the main storage tanks from the additional GOVERNMENTAL, wherein the ends of the straight sections room units are connected to the side surface of the adjacent room units.

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