RU187347U1 - Simulator-cube with recesses in the form of multipath figures for classes on the restoration of spatial perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore spatial perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions. A useful model contains a hollow body made of plastic (1 ), having the shape of a cube, one of the vertices of which smoothly passes into the hollow handle (2), and on each face of the casing (1) there are forming a multi-beam figure, which includes: a central recess (3) located in the center of the face of the casing (1) and having the shape of a regular octagon, to the sides of which are adjoined four main arrow-recesses directed in different directions with identical angular intervals (4) and four intermediate arrows-recesses (5), between which there are eight additional arrows-recesses (6), while the main arrows-recesses (4) are in the form of isosceles triangles and perpendicular to the edges of the body (1), the intermediate arrows-recesses (5) also have the shape of isosceles triangles and are directed to the tops of the body (1), and the additional arrows-recesses (6) are located between the main and intermediate arrows-recesses (4, 5) and have the shape of quadrangles in the form of convex deltoids with sharp angles directed to the edges of the casing (1), while all the recesses forming the multi-beam figures have the same depth and are separated by jumpers of the same thickness, and applied to one of the main arrow-recesses (4) a dark-colored marker (7). Thus, the “simulator-cube” allows you to conduct long-term training courses for patients with a neurological clinic to restore spatial perception and memory using exercises of varying degrees of difficulty, without the use of any additional elements. cube ”introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation classes with patients, turning them into an interesting and attractive psychological training for patients.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore spatial perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic.

Spatial perception is the ability of a person to perceive the spatial characteristics of the world: the size and shape of objects, as well as their relative position (Wikipedia. Free Encyclopedia. Psychology of space perception, found on November 10, 2018 on the Internet at https: //ru.wikipedia .org / wiki / Space-Perception Psychology).

Spatial memory is one of the types of human memory aimed at remembering the spatial location of objects, people, physical stimuli (National Psychological Encyclopedia, Spatial memory, found on November 10, 2018 on the Internet at http://vocabulary.ru/termin/ prostranstvennaja-pamjat.html).

Like other human mental processes, spatial perception and spatial memory are impaired in various organic diseases of the brain, primarily associated with damage to the tertiary parieto-temporal-occipital departments of the cerebral cortex.

At present, training simulators containing various exercises are used for classes on the restoration of disturbed spatial perception, among which one of the most common is an exercise based on performing actions with images of cube scans.

So, a printing simulator is known, on different sheets of which there is one scan of a cube (cube), on each face of which there are various images (animals, geometric figures, numbers) and next to the scan of a cube (cube) there are 3-5 options for cubes (cubes) ) containing similar images, from which the student must select one cube (cube) that corresponds to a given scan (Dmitrieva VG 1000 exercises for the development of logic, attention, memory. For children from 3 to 6 years, - Moscow: AST Publishing House , 2017, p. 77, 91, 158).

The disadvantages of this printing simulator when using it for classes to restore spatial perception and memory in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) this simulator is designed to work with spatial perception and is not intended to work with spatial memory;

a) insufficient amount of working material contained in this simulator for conducting long courses to restore spatial perception;

b) the tasks of this simulator contain images of animals, geometric figures, numbers, but do not contain images of multidirectional arrows, work with which is an important component of restoring spatial perception;

c) the lack of the ability to change the degree of difficulty of tasks;

d) the images contained in this printing simulator are intended for use with children from 3 to 6 years old and therefore can cause a negative reaction in adult patients;

e) low interest in classes with materials of printing simulators in a number of patients due to the monotony of working with them.

Also, at present, various devices are used for classes to restore spatial perception in patients with a neurological clinic.

So, from the existing level of technology, the device “Magnetic cube simulator for classes on the restoration of spatial perception and spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic” is known (Patent RU 179660 U1, published on 05.21.2018).

Structurally, this device consists of a plastic square case, on the faces of which are made recesses of a square shape with fixed metal plates, into which magnetic cards containing images of arrows are installed.

When conducting classes with this device, work cards with images of cube scans are used, the squares of which contain multidirectional arrows, according to which the patient must install magnetic cards in the recesses of the device.

  The disadvantages of this device when it is used for classes to restore spatial perception and memory in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) the exercises performed by patients are primarily aimed at restoring spatial memory, and are too simple to restore spatial perception, since the cube scan contains images of only six multidirectional arrows;

b) the lack of the ability to change the degree of difficulty of tasks;

c) the need to use during classes with this device additional elements in the form of magnetic cards with the image of arrows;

In order to overcome the aforementioned shortcomings, a “Cube simulator with recesses in the form of multipath figures for classes to restore spatial perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic” (hereinafter referred to as the “cube simulator”) was developed.

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) providing the opportunity to conduct full-fledged classes to restore spatial perception and memory using exercises of varying degrees of complexity;

b) the lack of need for the use of additional elements, due to the fact that the patient inscribes symbols and lines in the recesses located on the sides of the cube-simulator case;

c) the convenience of fitting characters and lines into the recesses of the “simulator-cube” case, due to the fact that they do not allow the writing instrument to go beyond them;

d) prevention of accidental erasure of symbols and lines inscribed in the recesses of the case, due to the fact that the “simulator-cube” is held by the patient by the handle, which allows not to touch the edges of the “simulator-cube” case during the execution of tasks;

e) ensuring the possibility of conducting long-term classes to restore spatial perception and memory;

f) providing the opportunity to conduct classes with a "cube simulator" for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor;

g) the simplicity of the design of the "cube simulator", contributing to its widespread adoption in clinical practice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is the expansion of the functionality of the “Magnetic cube simulator for classes on the restoration of spatial perception and spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic” provided by the structural elements of the claimed “simulator cube” allowing long-term restoration classes to be carried out with patients of a neurological clinic spatial perception and memory using exercises of varying degrees of complexity, without using as x any additional elements such as magnetic cards.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the "simulator-cube" contains a hollow casing made of plastic, having the shape of a cube, one of the vertices of which smoothly passes into the hollow handle, and recesses are formed on each face of the casing, forming a multi-beam figure, which includes in itself: a central recess located in the center of the face of the casing and having the shape of a regular octagon, adjacent to the sides of which are four angles oriented in different directions with equal angular intervals distinct recessed arrows and four intermediate recessed arrows, between which eight additional recessed arrows are located, with the main recessed arrows having the shape of isosceles triangles and directed perpendicular to the edges of the body, the intermediate recessing arrows also have the shape of isosceles triangles and directed towards the tops of the body, and additional arrows-recesses are located between the main and intermediate arrows-recesses and have the shape of quadrangles in the form of convex deltas IDs with sharp corners directed to the edges of the case, while all the recesses forming multi-beam figures have the same depth and are divided by jumpers of the same thickness, and a mark is applied to one of the main arrow-recesses with a dark paint.

In a preferred embodiment of the “cube simulator”, the length of the body rib is 60-90 mm, and the wall thickness is 3-4 mm.

In a preferred embodiment of the “cube simulator”, the handle has a conical shape with a length of 80-120 mm, the diameter at the end of the handle is 25-30 mm, and the wall thickness is 2-3 mm.

In a preferred embodiment of the “cube simulator”, the thickness of the jumpers between the recesses of the multipath figure is 2-4 mm.

In a preferred embodiment of the “cube simulator”, the depth of the recesses forming the multi-beam shapes is 1-2 mm.

In the preferred embodiment of the “cube simulator”, all the recesses forming the multi-beam figures are highlighted in a lighter color than the color of the case.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 - general view of the "simulator-cube";

In FIG. 2 - view of the "simulator-cube" from the side of the handle;

In FIG. 3, 4 - examples of work cards for classes with a "cube simulator".

The inventive "simulator-cube" is a hollow body made of plastic (1), having the shape of a cube, the rib length of which is 60-90 mm, and the wall thickness is 3-4 mm (see Fig. 1, 2).

One of the vertices of the housing (1) smoothly passes into a hollow handle (2) with a length of 80-120 mm, which has a conical shape, the diameter of which at the end of the handle (2) is 25-30 mm, and the wall thickness is 2-3 mm.

On each of the faces of the cube-simulator case (1), recesses are made, forming a multi-beam figure, which includes the following elements: a central recess (3) located in the center of the case face (1) and having the shape of a regular octagon to the sides which adjoin directed in different directions with identical angular intervals 4 (four) main arrows-recesses (4) and 4 (four) intermediate arrows-recesses (5), between which there are 8 (eight) additional arrows-recesses (6).

The central recess (3) is designed to enter various characters (letters, numbers) during classes, and the arrow-recesses (4, 5, 6) are designed to enter lines into them with an easily erasable water marker.

The main arrows-recesses (4) are in the form of isosceles triangles and include two vertical and two horizontal main arrows-recesses (4) directed perpendicular to the edges of the body (1), which have the same dimensions.

The intermediate arrows-recesses (5) have the shape of isosceles triangles directed to the tops of the body (1) and located diagonally at an angle of 45 degrees between the main arrows-recesses (4).

Additional recessed arrows (6) are located between the main and intermediate recessed arrows (4, 5) and have the shape of quadrangles in the form of convex deltoids (https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deltoid) with sharp angles directed to the edges housing (1).

The thickness of the jumpers between all elements of the multipath figure is the same and is 2-4 mm.

The distance between the main arrows-recesses (4) and the faces of the body (1) is 2-5 mm.

The distance between the opposite faces of the central recess (3) is 20-30 mm.

The length of the main arrows-recesses (4) depends on the length of the face of the body (1) of the “cube-simulator”, the size of the central recess (3), the thickness of the jumpers and the distance between the main arrows-recesses (4) and the faces of the body (1).

 The length of the intermediate arrows-recesses (5) exceeds the length of the main arrows-recesses (4) by 1.2-1.4 times.

The dimensions of the additional arrows-recesses (6) depend on the sizes of the main and intermediate arrows-recesses (4, 5).

All elements of the multipath figure (central recess (3) and all arrow-recesses (4, 5, 6)) have the same depth of 1-2 mm, which does not prevent the removal of the characters and lines inscribed in them by means of a sponge designed to erase water markers.

Thus, the design features of the elements of the multipath figure, which are made below the main surface of the face of the housing (1), facilitate the process of inscribing characters and lines due to the fact that inscribing occurs strictly within the boundaries of the recesses.

Thanks to this, conducting classes with a “cube simulator” becomes available for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremors.

To ensure the spatial orientation of the body (1) of the “cube simulator” during the classes, one of the main arrow-recesses (4) of one face of the body (1) is marked with a dark paint mark (7), for example, having the shape of a triangle.

For a better perception by patients of a multipath figure, all the recesses are highlighted (for example, by means of paint) with a lighter color than the color of the cube-simulator case.

In the course of training with the “simulator-cube”, a set of work cards (8) is used, each of which on both sides contains a flat image of the scan (9) of the “simulator-cube” (see Fig. 3, 4), in the squares of which there are images multipath figures, similar to multipath figures on the faces of the cube simulator case (1), and one of the scan squares (9) contains a mark image similar to the mark (7) on one of the main arrow-recesses (4).

Work cards (8) differ in:

a) designed to restore spatial perception (see Fig. 3), which are distinguished by the fact that the multipath figures in the scan images (9) contain various symbols (letters, numbers) in the central part and arrows highlighted in dark color;

b) designed to restore spatial memory (see Fig. 4), which are distinguished by the fact that the multipath figures in the scan images (9) contain various symbols (letters, numbers) in the central part.

To ensure a variety of tasks, the scan images (9) of the building (1) of the “cube simulator” are presented on work cards (8) in various versions (Cube scans, found November 10, 2018 on the Internet at http: // uslide. com / images / 12/18852/960 / img15.jpg).

The total number of work cards (8) included in the package of the “cube simulator” is 20-30 pieces. Moreover, each work card (8) can be located in front of the patient in four different positions, which increases the number of tasks.

To store and carry the “simulator-cube” with a set of work cards (8), a cover made of plastic or fabric material (not shown in the figures) is used.

The "Cube simulator with recesses in the form of multi-beam figures for classes on the restoration of spatial perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic" works as follows:

Before starting a lesson on restoring spatial perception using a “cube simulator”, the specialist selects a work card (8), the degree of difficulty of which is determined by the number of dark-colored arrows of multipath figures in the scan image (9) of the “cube simulator” (see Fig. 3 )

Then the patient, holding the “simulator-cube” with one hand by the handle (2), looking at the symbols and highlighted arrows of the multipath figures of the work card (8), writes symbols in the central recesses (3) with a water marker and highlights the arrow-recesses with lines (4, 5, 6) multipath figures on the body (1) of the “cube simulator”.

In this case, the patient starts the task from the edge of the building (1) containing the mark (7), into the recesses of which he enters symbols and lines in accordance with the image of the multipath figure in a square containing the image of the mark.

After completing the task to patients, the specialist checks the correctness of its implementation, after which all the characters and lines are removed from the recesses of the body (1) of the “cube simulator” with a sponge to erase water markers.

Further, the above sequence of actions is repeated with other work cards (8).

If the lesson is aimed at restoring spatial memory, then a simpler work card (8) is used, the multi-beam figures of which contain only symbols (letters, numbers) in the central part.

In this case, the patient, within a specified time (from 20 seconds or more) remembers the location of the characters on the scan (9) of the work card (8), then closes it clean with a piece of paper and inscribes the memorized characters into the central recesses (3) corps.

 In case of difficulties, the patient can get a hint by lifting for a short time a piece of paper covering the used work card (8).

After completing the task to patients, the specialist checks the correctness of its implementation, after which all the entered characters are removed with a sponge to erase the water markers.

Next, the above sequence of actions is repeated with another work card (8).

 Work with the “simulator-cube” can be carried out without the use of work cards (8), in another way, which consists in the fact that the specialist writes characters (letters, numbers) in the central recesses (3) of the building (1), and the patient on the work sheet the notebook draws a scan of the cube consisting of squares and inscribes the symbols inscribed by the specialist in the central recesses (3) of the case (1) of the “cube simulator” into the squares.

Along with the use of a "cube simulator" for classes in restoring spatial perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic, it can be widely used in the following cases:

a) when conducting correctional and developmental classes with children with impaired spatial perception and memory;

b) when conducting neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age;

c) as a developing game simulator designed for the development and training of spatial perception and memory in healthy children.

Thus, “a simulator-cube with recesses in the form of multipath figures for classes on the restoration of spatial perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic” allows you to conduct long-term training courses on the restoration of spatial perception and memory with patients of a neurological clinic using exercises of varying degrees of difficulty, without using any additional elements.

The proposed “cube simulator” introduces an element of novelty into the process of rehabilitation classes with patients, turning them into interesting and attractive psychological training for patients.

Claims (5)

1. A cube simulator with recesses in the form of multipath figures for classes in restoring spatial perception and memory in patients of a neurological clinic, characterized in that it contains a hollow casing made of plastic, having the shape of a cube, one of the vertices of which smoothly passes into a hollow handle, and recesses are formed on each face of the casing, forming a multi-beam figure, which includes: a central recess located in the center of the casing face and having the shape of a regular octagon, to the side four main arrows-recesses and four intermediate arrow-recesses, between which eight additional arrow-recesses are located, between which the main arrow-recesses are in the form of isosceles triangles and are directed perpendicular to the edges of the body, adjacent to the opposite sides of which are directed in opposite directions at equal angular intervals the intermediate arrows-recesses also have the shape of isosceles triangles and are directed to the tops of the body, and additional arrows-recesses are located I’m waiting for the main and intermediate recessed arrows and have the shape of quadrangles in the form of convex deltoids with sharp angles directed to the edges of the body, while all the recesses forming multi-beam figures have the same depth and are divided by jumpers of the same thickness, and into one of the main arrow recesses dark mark applied. 2. The cube simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the body rib is 60-90 mm, and the wall thickness is 3-4 mm. 3. The cube simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the handle has a conical shape with a length of 80-120 mm. 4. The cube simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that the depth of the recesses forming the multipath figures is 1-2 mm. 5. The cube simulator according to claim 1, characterized in that all the recesses forming the multi-beam figures are highlighted in a lighter color than the color of the body.

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