RU185974U1 - Extruder for the processing of polymeric materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of processing of polymeric materials by pressure and can be used in the processing of polymer waste to produce high-quality products. A device comprising a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a metering zone, a gripping device, an auger made prefabricated, in the power zone the screw is made in the form of a conical section, in the metering zone the screw is made of two conical and cylindrical sections in series, and the screw in the compression zone is made in the form of a barrier section and a four-way rectangular mixing section with continuous rectangular mixing blades, and the lower base of the blade rectangle is located on a state equal to 0.01-0.05 of the diameter of the screw from the surface of the screw of the screw, and the height of the upper base of the rectangle of the blade is 0.2-0.3 of the diameter of the screw, with the length of the rectangle of the blade equal to 0.2-0.4 of the diameter of the screw for high-quality mixing the components by creating additional melt compression within the allowable shear strain. The technical result consists in improving due to the new design of the screw in the compression zone.

Description

The technical solution relates to the field of processing of polymeric materials by pressure and can be used in the processing of polymeric waste with obtaining high-quality products.

Known extruder for processing thermoplastics (patent UA No. 5779. Publ. 15.03.2005. Bull. No. 3). The extruder comprises a housing, a gripping device, an auger, a feed zone, a compression zone, which consists of a barrier section and a decompression section, a metering zone made of successive conical and cylindrical sections.

A disadvantage of the known design is that in the case of the processing of polymeric materials consisting of secondary, primary raw materials, fillers, dyes and other components necessary for secondary polymeric materials, a set of expensive equipment is necessary for preliminary preparation of the initial raw materials (mixers, presses, plasticizers, granulators) . The use of directly unprepared preliminary raw materials for the known design does not give good quality of the resulting secondary products due to insufficient mixing abilities of the design.

The objective of the technical solution is to improve the extruder due to the new design of the screw in the compression zone.

The essence of the technical solution: an extruder for the processing of polymeric materials, comprising a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a metering zone, a gripping device, a screw made prefabricated, in the feed zone the screw is made in the form of a conical section, in the metering zone, the screw is made of two conically and cylindrically arranged sections, and the screw in the compression zone is made in the form of a barrier section and a four-way rectangular mixing section with continuous rectangular mixing blades moreover, the lower base of the rectangle of the blade is located at a distance of 0.01-0.05 diameter of the screw from the surface of the screw of the screw, and the height of the upper base of the rectangle of the blade is 0.2-0.3 of the diameter of the screw, with the length of the rectangle of the blade equal to 0.2-0 , 4 screw diameters for high-quality mixing of components by creating additional melt compression within the allowable shear deformations. With a lower ratio, a step will be obtained at the exit of the barrier section, which will reduce the quality of mixing of the components. With a larger ratio, the melt will not be able to uniformly move along the extruder and critical shear deformations will form.

Common features with the prototype are:

a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a dosing zone,

gripper

prefabricated screw

in the feed zone, the screw is made in the form of a conical section,

in the metering zone, the screw is made of two consecutively arranged conical and cylindrical sections.

Distinctive features of the device are:

the screw in the compression zone is made with four continuous rectangular mixing blades arranged along the screw,

the lower base of the rectangle of the blade is located from the surface of the screw of the screw at a distance equal to 0.01-0.05 D (diameter of the screw),

the height of the upper base of the rectangle of the blade is 0.2-0.3 D,

the length of the rectangle of the blade is 0.2-0.4 D,

the blades form the input channel with low shear deformations, the output channel with high shear deformations and the gap of the blade.

Using the claimed extruder in the processing of secondary mixtures allows you to combine preparatory operations (filling, pressing, mixing, granulation) and the operation of obtaining new high-quality products by extrusion.

In FIG. 1 shows an extruder.

In FIG. 2 shows a part of a screw with rectangular, continuous blades.

The extruder for processing polymer materials (Fig. 1) comprises a housing 1. a gripping device 2, a screw 3, made in the form of a prefabricated structure. The housing consists of a feed zone 4, a compression zone 5, a dosing zone 6. In the feed zone 4, the screw is made in the form of a conical section, in the compression zone 5, the screw consists of a barrier section 7 and a mixing section 8 of a multicomponent polymer mixture. In the dispensing zone 6, the screw 3 is made of two consecutive parts: from a conical 9 and a cylindrical section 10. In (Fig. 2), a part of the screw 3 with rectangular, continuous blades 11 made in the compression zone 5 is shown.

Moreover, the rectangular rectangular continuous mixing blades 11 are placed along the screw 12, while the material passes from the input channel with low shear deformations 13 into the output channel with high shear deformations 14 through the gap 15 of the rectangular continuous blade 11.

An extruder for processing polymer materials works as follows (Fig. 1).

Various polymeric materials (primary, secondary, dyes and other fillers) are supplied by separate dispensers to the gripper 2, captured by a screw 3, which rotates in the housing 1, are transported in solid form, and are sealed in the supply zone 4, then in the zone 5 in the barrier section 7, the polymer mixture is transferred and completely melted, the mixture is created with a temperature that is uniform throughout the volume; in the mixing section 8 of the multicomponent polymer melt of the compression zone 5, a uniform dispersing mixing occurs effect, by using the structure with mixing blades pryamougolnoobraznymi continuous shear deformation intensification multicomponent melt bevel 9 and the cylindrical metering section 10 determine the magnitude of the zone 6 and pressure stability and performance that develops extruder.

Example. With a screw diameter of 20 mm, the lower base of the blade rectangle is located at a distance of 1 mm from the surface of the screw of the screw, the height of the upper base of the blade rectangle is 6 mm, and the length of the blade rectangle is 8 mm.

The use of the claimed extruder in the processing of combined primary and secondary polymer blends allows you to combine preparatory operations (filling, mixing, granulating, pressing) and the operation of obtaining new high-quality products by extrusion.

Claims (1)

An extruder for the processing of polymeric materials, including a housing consisting of a feed zone, a compression zone, a metering zone, a gripping device, a prefabricated screw, a screw in the feed zone in the form of a conical section, and a screw in the metering zone made of two conically and cylindrical sections, characterized in that the screw in the compression zone consists of a barrier section and a mixing section of a multicomponent polymer mixture, made in the form of rectangular rectangular continuous mixing blades, accommodating along the screw, and the lower base of the blade rectangle is located at a distance equal to 0.01-0.05 of the screw diameter from the surface of the screw of the screw, the height of the upper base of the blade rectangle is 0.2-0.3 of the screw diameter with the blade rectangle length 0.2 -0.4 screw diameters, and forming the input channel with low shear deformations, the output channel with high shear deformations and the gap of the blade.

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