RU176464U1 - SMOKE DISPOSAL FACILITIES IN THE “BLACK” BATH - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to chimneys and can be used in a smoke removal system, in particular in a “black” bathhouse.

The smoke exhaust device contains a chimney, which is equipped with two inlet openings at different heights and gates to block these openings. The upper hole in the chimney is located above the upper level of the furnace. The lower inlet in the chimney pipe is located below the upper level of the furnace or flush with it.

The chimney pipe can be of various cross-sectional configurations, for example, round, rectangular, square.

Description

The utility model relates to chimneys, and can be used in a smoke exhaust system, in particular in a “black” bathhouse.

It is known that in a traditional “black” bathhouse there is no pipe. When the stoves are fired in a black sauna, smoke fills the entire room and exits through the upper vestibule of the ajar entrance doors. Through the threshold of these doors, cold air enters the house. Later, small holes were opened in the walls for smoke to escape, they were called fiber windows. Stoves were heated and “in gray” - smoke was released through the attic, from where the gases gradually passed through the dormer windows and leaks in the roof. Soot settled only around the “top” or near the fiber window.

A device for smoke removal in the bath "in the black" of the company "Volkovsky technology." Smoke exhaust through the pipe. To prevent smoke from entering neighboring rooms, the chimney is equipped with a smoke exhauster. http://volkovpar.ru/building/banya-po-chernomu.html

The disadvantage is the location of the chimney inlet in the upper part of the room, which reduces the path of hot flue gases leaving the hearth, in addition, the forced removal of flue gases leads to a decrease in the residence time of heated gases in the steam room, which leads to a decrease in the dynamics of heating the room and increase heat loss.

The device http://www.its-sauna.ru/building/stroitelstvo-ban-po-chyernomu/ is also known when smoke is collected by the upper umbrella into the pipe. When soaring, the umbrella rises to provide the ability to water the heater.

The disadvantage of this smoke exhaust device is the location of the inlet of the smoke exhaust device directly above the furnace. Hot flue gases do not circulate in the steam room, but are immediately removed to the outside. The room is heated due to the radiation of heat from the stones.

The closest known solution - the prototype, is the device http://pechnoi.ru/ustrojstvo-pechi-v-bane-po-chjornomu.html?currency=RUR consisting of a chimney, a rotary gate, a ventilation grille and a smoke exhaust fan.

The disadvantage of this smoke removal device is the location of the inlet of the chimney pipe directly above the furnace, which reduces the path and time spent by the hot flue gases in the steam room. In addition, the presence of a smoke exhaust fan organizes forced draft and accelerated removal of flue gases from the steam room. This leads to low heat efficiency from high temperature flue gases.

The objective is to increase the efficiency and dynamics of heating the steam room in the sauna "black" with minimal heat loss.

The essence of the utility model lies in the fact that the smoke exhaust device containing the chimney, a gate, according to the formula of the utility model, the chimney is equipped with two inlet openings at different heights and gates to cover these openings.

The upper hole in the chimney is located above the upper level of the furnace. The lower inlet in the chimney pipe is located below the upper level of the furnace or flush with it.

The chimney pipe can be of various cross-sectional configurations, for example, round, rectangular, square.

The chimney pipe is made of steel.

The chimney pipe is made of brick.

The chimney pipe is made of wood.

The smoke exhaust device is installed at the distance of the greatest distance from the furnace.

The smoke exhaust device is equipped with nozzles for passing through the wall when installing it outside the steam room.

The gates are equipped with a control lever.

The analysis of the prior art made it possible to establish that there are no analogues that are characterized by a combination of features identical to all the features of the claimed technical solution, which indicates the conformity of the claimed technical solution to the condition of patentability “novelty”.

The presence of two inlets at different levels in the chimney allows you to adjust the draft. Quickly and comfortably remove flue gases through the upper inlet during the kindling of the furnace due to increased traction. At the same time, the location of the lower inlet in the chimney ensures the exit of flue gases with low temperature and high density, which fall down after heating the steam room. The gates installed on the inlet openings of the flue pipe provide the possibility of their alternate overlapping and regulation of the size of the cross section of the openings. The smoke exhaust device is installed at the distance of the greatest distance from the furnace to increase the path length of hot flue gases, which contributes to the efficient heating of the steam room.

The essence of the claimed technical solution is illustrated by an example of a specific design and drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a steam room of a bathhouse with a smoke removal device at the time of kindling a furnace; FIG. 2 is a general view of the steam room of the bath with a smoke removal device during operation of the furnace; in FIG. 3 - placement of the smoke exhaust device outside the steam room.

The smoke removal device consists of a chimney 1, which is equipped with two inlets 2 and 3 at different heights. To adjust the cross section, the upper hole 2 and the lower hole 3 are equipped with sliders 4 and 5, respectively. The gate 4 is brought into position by the control lever 6, and the gate 5 by the lever 7. The cross section of the chimney 1 of the smoke exhaust device is calculated based on the capacity of the furnace, the volume of the steam room and the dynamics of fuel combustion. The size of the cross section of the chimney pipe 1 is sufficient to ensure the replacement of exhaust gases with supply air, which enters through the grate of the furnace. If the smoke exhaust device is installed outside the steam room, then it is equipped with an upper pipe 8 and a lower pipe 9 for passing through the wall.

The smoke exhaust device operates as follows. The device is installed either in the steam room or outside it. It should be noted that the proposed smoke exhaust device operates on natural draft. In a specific embodiment, the smoke exhaust device is installed outside the steam room. The chimney pipe 1 is made in the form of a metal box of rectangular cross section and is equipped with nozzles 8 and 9. In this particular case, the Top hole is located 0.5 m above the top level of the furnace. To kindle the furnace, it is necessary to create a draft in the chimney pipe 1. For this purpose, open the hole 2. With the gate 4, the cross section of the hole is adjusted using the lever 6. During operation of the furnace, gaseous products of combustion are released. The composition of the flue gases during the combustion of firewood changes. At the initial stage of burning wood, there is a lot of water vapor in the flue gases generated from the water that is in the wood. These flue gases are heavier than air and slowly rise up, filling the room. After the furnace enters the mode, the upper hole 2 is closed and the lower hole 3 is opened. The lower hole 3 is located below the upper level of the furnace and, in this example, is 0.1 m from the floor. After the evaporation of most of the water from the firewood, the presence in the flue gases of carbon dioxide, which is lighter than air. In addition, the temperature of the flue gases rises and they rise up. Heating the ceiling, walls, heat accumulating elements, flue gases cool. There is a circulating trajectory of flows indoors and a continuous movement of the volumes of flue gases. After cooling, the flue gases fall into the lower zone of the steam room, are forced out by the hotter flue gas flows and go into the lower inlet 4. Using the lever 7, control the cross-sectional area of the lower inlet 4 and the volume of the removed flue gases. The cooled flue gases through the pipe 1 of the chimney are thrown out. The location level of the inlets 2 and 3 in the chimney pipe 1 is selected experimentally and depends on the volume of the steam room and the capacity of the furnace.

A series of tests of the proposed device in comparison with traditional smoke removal through a hole in the ceiling. The tests were carried out under the same weather conditions and the same load of firewood.

Table 1 shows the difference in the dynamics and efficiency of heating the walls.

Table 2 shows the difference in the dynamics and efficiency of heating the ceiling.

Table 3 shows the dynamics and effectiveness of floor heating.

The tables show that the use of the claimed device allows you to heat the ceiling, walls and, importantly, the floor to higher temperatures, compared with traditional smoke removal. In addition, increases the heating rate of these surfaces using the proposed device.

Maintaining a temperature comfortable for taking bath procedures is 2.5 hours with traditional smoke removal and 4 hours when using the inventive device.

Tests of a full-size sample smoke removal device confirmed the correctness of the design and technological solutions that can improve the efficiency and dynamics of heating a steam room in a “black” bathhouse.

Claims (10)

1. The smoke removal device in the "black" bath, containing a chimney, a gate, characterized in that the chimney is equipped with two inlet openings at different heights and gates to cover these openings. 2. The smoke removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper inlet in the chimney is located above the upper level of the furnace. 3. The smoke removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower hole in the chimney is located below the upper level of the furnace or on a level with it. 4. The smoke removal device according to Claim. 1, characterized in that the chimney can be of various cross-sectional configurations, for example, round, rectangular, square. 5. The smoke removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that the chimney is made of steel. 6. The smoke removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that the chimney is made of brick. 7. The smoke removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that the chimney is made of wood. 8. The smoke removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is installed at a distance of the greatest distance from the furnace. 9. The smoke removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is equipped with nozzles for passing through the wall when installing it outside the steam room. 10. The smoke removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that the gates are equipped with a control lever.

Images