RU2669088C1 - Sauna stove-batch heater - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: heating equipment.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of thermal engineering, namely to household batch furnaces, and can be used, in particular, for effective heating of the sauna room. Sauna stove-batch heater contains a body, a furnace with a door located outside the sauna room, a fuel channel, a grate, an ash-pit. Furnace is made in the form of a dome-shaped metal frame, on top of which stones are laid, and the body is made in the form of a volumetric vertically oriented metal structure with a lid.EFFECT: increase in the energy efficiency of the furnace and efficiency coefficient.6 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of thermal engineering, namely to domestic batch ovens, and can be used, in particular, for heating a steam room “in black”.

Known furnaces of periodic action. In such furnaces, heat-accumulating stones are heated by open fire. The temperature of the stones in the lower part reaches 1000 ° C, and in the upper up to 500 ° C. At these temperatures, the soot completely burns out, and after the furnace is burnt, high-quality finely dispersed, superheated steam is obtained from the stones.

Known furnace of periodic action for the bath "in the black", which are located directly in the steam room and represent a hearth, the walls of which around the perimeter are laid out of stones or bricks. The arch of the hearth is laid with a large number of stones.

Maintenance of such a furnace is kindling, fire maintenance has to be carried out in a smoky room, which causes some inconvenience, in addition, open stones after the furnace is finished are cooled by convection flows, which reduces the time required to keep the temperature of the stones necessary for steaming.

A well-known black stove for the bath https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IUwDFd4cVqU, which contains a firebox, an external fuel channel. The combustion process takes place in the furnace, which is located directly in the steam room, and the firewood is laid through the fuel channel from the neighboring room or from the street.

The disadvantage of this furnace is that it is not equipped with a door and the heated stones are quickly cooled, thereby reducing the time for receiving steam-air baths.

Known furnace company "Volkovsky Technologies" http://volkovpar.ru/buildinig/banya-po-chernomu.html, the inside of which is lined with fireclay brick, and the outside of red brick. The furnace furnace is produced from an adjacent room through the fuel channel. The ceiling above the stove is insulated with superpower and decorated with stainless steel. Smoke during a fire passes through stones and leaves the room through a ventilation pipe with a smoke exhauster installed on it.

The disadvantage is the large mass of the stove, made of bricks, the heating of which requires a significant increase in time and amount of firewood.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result - the prototype, is a heat-intensive furnace-heater of periodic action according to the application for invention No. 2007110971, F24B 1/18, publ. 10/10/2008. The furnace contains a body with a through controlled channel, a furnace with a door located outside the steam room, a blower, a steam exit door from the heater and a chimney.

The disadvantage of this furnace is the shape of the grating for laying stones. The horizontal position of the lattice does not allow to place an optimally large mass of stones. A thick layer of stones will not heat up well and will entail an increase in the dimensions of the furnace. A small mass of stones makes the stove not efficient. In addition, the efficiency of the furnace is reduced due to heat loss through the chimney.

The objective of the invention is to increase the energy efficiency of the furnace of periodic action for the bath "in the black."

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in a batch furnace of periodic action, comprising a housing, a firebox with a door located outside the steam room, a fuel channel, a grate, a blower, characterized in that the firebox is made in the form of a dome-shaped frame metal structure over which stones are laid, the case is made in the form of a volumetric vertically oriented metal structure with a cover.

A hole with a flap is made on the lid to supply water to the stones and release steam.

A hole with a flap for supplying water to the stones can be made in the housing.

The housing can be made of any shape.

The housing may be made of sheet metal, the surface of which has a high reflectivity of thermal radiation.

The door is made using heat-resistant glass.

The analysis of the prior art made it possible to establish that analogues that are characterized by a combination of features identical to all the features of the claimed technical solution are absent, which indicates the conformity of the claimed technical solution to the patentability condition of “novelty”.

Search results in this and related fields of technology in order to identify features that match the distinctive features of the prototype of the claimed object showed that they do not follow explicitly from the prior art. The prior art also did not reveal the popularity of the impact provided by the essential features of the claimed invention, the transformations on the achievement of the specified technical result. Therefore, the claimed invention meets the condition of patentability "inventive step".

The use of open fire in enclosed spaces allows the maximum use of the heat of hot flue gases, increasing the efficiency of the furnace.

In the proposed device, the presence of the furnace, made in the form of a domed frame metal structure, allows you to organize the volume for laying and burning firewood. In addition, this design of the furnace allows smoke to pass freely to the stones, heating them, which increases the energy efficiency of the furnace.

The domed shape of the furnace allows you to uniformly warm up a large mass of stones, due to their placement in a layer optimal in thickness since the domed shape of the furnace allows you to achieve a maximum surface area compared to other forms with the same volume. All these signs of the furnace allow you to effectively use the thermal energy of flue gases to heat the stones.

The furnace body, made in the form of a volumetric vertically oriented metal structure, is operated without a cover during furnace heating. The vertical walls of the casing direct combustion fumes preferably upward, preventing them from spreading throughout the room immediately after leaving the furnace. Giving heat to the ceiling and walls, the flue gases cool, fall and freely spread throughout the room. The inside of the case is covered with soot, has a high degree of blackness and, when heated from stones, it radiates heat back to the stones. This allows you to achieve a higher temperature of the stones in a shorter time. This process increases the energy efficiency of the furnace.

The use of metal, the surface of which has a high reflectivity of thermal radiation, can improve the efficiency of the furnace. The distribution of radiation has a significantly larger share inside the furnace because the smoked inner surface has a significantly greater degree of radiation than the mirrored outer surface.

Placing the lid on the furnace body after the end of the furnace contributes to the creation of a closed volume. This eliminates convection currents, cooling stones and thereby increases the time of maintaining the high temperature of the stones.

The use of a translucent door on the fuel channel allows you to control the loading of the furnace and the process of burning wood in the stove, in addition to illuminate the adjacent adjoining room.

The essence of the claimed technical solution is illustrated by an example of a specific design and drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the furnace in axonometric projection;

in FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a furnace during a furnace.

The batch furnace is made in the form of a rigid spatial structure and contains an external fuel channel 1, door 2, a furnace 3 in the form of a domed frame metal structure, a housing 4 made of Aisi 439 sheet steel, a cover 5, a hatch with a shutter 6 for supplying water to the stones , grate 7, blew 8 with the ability to control the air supply. For safe operation of the furnace and the passage of the fuel channel through the wall, heat insulating materials and a heat insulating structure (not shown) are used.

The furnace operates as follows. Depending on the volume of the steam room, the heat balance is calculated taking into account the calorific value, for example, birch firewood, the time of a comfortable stay in the steam room and heat loss. In a specific example, according to calculations, depending on the quantity and rate of firewood burned, the volume of the furnace is 50 liters. This is the volume of the dome-shaped frame furnace, in this example a hemisphere, lined with stones from the outside. Calculating the surface area of the hemisphere and knowing the necessary mass of stones at their density of 3500 kg / m ³ , we lay out the stones with a layer 20–25 cm thick. In this example, the heat-accumulating stone talcochlorite is used. The stones are laid in such a way that the joints between the boulders overlap, so that the smoke bends rather than straight. The stones stay on the body of the furnace 3 due to gravity. The proposed shape of the furnace allows you to heat a large mass of stones. In an example of a specific embodiment, 500 kg of stones are laid out on the furnace frame. They put firewood inside the firebox through the door 2 located in the adjacent room, remove the cover 5 from the body 4 and set fire to the wood. Blast 8 regulate the intensity of combustion and the completeness of combustion of gases.

The vertical walls of the housing 4 direct the combustion products up. Hot flue gases, rising up along the walls of the housing 4, spread throughout the room, mix with the steam room and are removed in any known manner. After burning the bulk of the firewood and reducing the supply air supply by the blower, the effect of maximum heating of the stones due to infrared radiation is achieved. After the end of the combustion mode in the furnace, the remains of ash are removed, the blower 8 is closed, the lid is placed on the body 5. Ventilate the room. To receive steam while taking the steam procedure, open the lid 5 or hatch with a shutter 6 and supply water to the hot stones.

The applicant has tested a full-size sample of the proposed furnace design in a “black” bathhouse, which confirmed the correctness of the technical solution for the industrial manufacture of furnaces.

Thus, a technical solution has been proposed that can increase the energy efficiency of a batch-type baking oven for a black-skinned bath, provides high efficiency and creates a truly balanced Russian bath microclimate in the steam room.

Claims (6)

1. Sauna stove-furnace of periodic action, comprising a housing, a furnace with a door located outside the steam room, a fuel channel, a grate, blown, characterized in that the furnace is made in the form of a dome-shaped frame metal structure, on top of which stones are laid, and the body is made in a volumetric vertically oriented metal structure with a cover. 2. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that a hole is made on the lid with a flap for supplying water to the stones and steam output. 3. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the hole with a flap for supplying water to the stones can be made in the housing. 4. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing can be made of any shape. 5. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the casing can be made of sheet metal, the surface of which has a high reflection coefficient of thermal radiation. 6. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the door is made using heat-resistant glass.

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