RU170111U1 - Ball arrangement device for training to restore impaired hand movements in patients with a neurological clinic - Google Patents

Abstract

The present useful model “Ball arrangement device for exercises to restore impaired hand movements in patients of a neurological clinic” refers to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting exercises to restore impaired hand movements in patients of a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions. The device is a plastic or wooden case (1) square in shape, consisting of four side walls (2) and a square base (3), ranging in size from 50 × 50 cm to 75 × 75 cm, while the inside of the casing is fixed with the ability to move painted in different colors, plastic or rubber balls (4), with a diameter of 10-15 cm, and plastic or metal vertical posts (5) with a diameter of 0.4-0.7 cm, the height of which is 60-75% of the diameter, are mounted between the balls (4) in the base (3) of the housing (1) of the device ball (4), and the distance between the uprights is 0.1-0.2 cm less than the diameter of the ball (4), while at the upper end of the vertical uprights (5) it is rigid washers (6) are fastened, and on the inner sides of the side walls (2) of the housing (1) of the device, borders (7) are rigidly fixed, the height of which corresponds to the height of the washers (6), while on the upper surfaces of the washers (6) and borders ( 7) metal round brackets (8) with holes are fixed for rotation. The proposed device allows you to include impaired hand movements in the game activity, which helps to increase interest in activities, increase motivation, moves the movement process to another level of implementation, work ota on which helps to restore a full-fledged process of movements. Moreover, the proposed device allows classes on the restoration of impaired hand movements to a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic with impaired hand movements, with the presence of involuntary impulsive movements, with weakened hand strength. Thanks to this, this device can be widely used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics when conducting classes to restore impaired arm movements in patients with a neurological clinic with organic brain lesions of various etiologies.

Violation of hand movements occurs in patients with a neurological clinic who have various organic brain lesions associated with poisoning, infections, injuries, and cerebrovascular diseases.

Currently, there are various devices and simulators for restoring hand movements in patients with a neurological clinic.

The device “Block for restoring the functions of the upper limbs” is known from the prior art, which is designed to restore the functions of muscles and joints of the hands after injuries, surgeries, and stroke (Scientific and Production Association “HERCULES”, Block for restoring the functions of the upper limbs, found on the Internet at http://royal-sport.ru/trenazhery/trenazhery-dlja-invalidov/mehanoterapija-kinezoterapija/blochok-dlja-vosstanovlenija-funk).

This device is a steel frame fixed to the wall, on which a pair of blocks is located, through which a rope is passed, at the ends of which there are handles. During the classes, the patient, holding the rope handles, exercises his arms up and down with his hands, alternately raising one arm and lowering the other.

The disadvantages of this device when used for training to restore impaired hand movements in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) this device allows you to implement only the repetition of the same reciprocating movement of the hands and does not allow you to work on the restoration of any other movements of the hands;

b) in the course of working with this device, the movement process is carried out purely mechanically, without including it in any objective activity, which, according to the provisions of Russian psychology, contributes to a more efficient restoration of a full-fledged process of movements.

The herringbone simulator is known from the prior art for the development of macro- and micromotorics, as well as coordination of patient movements during rehabilitation (Aconit-M Production Company, found on the Internet at http://aconit.ru/ozdorovlenie -i-reabilitatsiya / oborudovanie-dlya-vosstanovleniya-myshechnoy-sily / inventar-dlya-vosstanovleniya-myshechnoy-sily / elochka-80-90-47 /)

This simulator is made of wood and consists of a central vertical axis 90 cm high mounted on a stand, on which horizontal rods are fixed, the maximum length of which (located in the lower part) is about 40 cm, and the length of the rods to the upper part of the device is gradually decreasing. On the horizontal rods are wooden rings with a diameter of 5 cm, which patients need to remove and then put on other horizontal rods.

The disadvantages of this device when used for training to restore impaired hand movements in patients with a neurological clinic are:

a) the routine of working with the device, which consists in the fact that during the classes the patient has to repeat the same, repetitive actions that quickly tire the patient;

b) the inconvenience of working with the device for patients who can only be in a sitting position;

c) the inability to work with the device for patients with impaired finger movements, since it is difficult for them to pick up and hold a wooden circle.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is the "Fifteen" large puzzle simulator, which is designed to restore the motility of the upper limbs in a game form (Rehabilitation equipment and simulators. The "Fifteen" puzzle is large, found on the Internet at http://reaservice.ru / trenazhery-dlya-reabilitacii-i-zdorov-ya / trenazher-dlya-vosstanovleniya-melkoy-motoriki-ruk / golovolornka-pyatnashki-1 /).

This simulator consists of a wooden case with dimensions 57 × 57 cm complete with 15 wooden chips with digital designations (from 1 to 15).

During classes with this simulator, the patient needs to move wooden chips with numbers with his hand in order to arrange them in the sequence from 1 to 15. This simulator allows you to include disturbed hand movements in the game activity, which helps to increase interest in classes, increase motivation, translates the process movement to another level of implementation, work on which helps to restore a full-fledged process of movements.

The disadvantages of this device when it is used for classes to restore impaired hand movements in patients with a neurological clinic is:

a) significant complexity, and in some cases the inaccessibility of classes with the "Fifteen" puzzle simulator for patients with intellectual disabilities;

b) the difficulty of moving a wooden chip for patients with weakened hand strength due to the presence of a certain resistance force to moving the chip due to its friction against neighboring chips and the surface of the base of the device;

c) the impossibility of a gradual increase in the complexity of tasks performed by a patient to restore arm movements;

d) the need for a specialist after completing a task for patients to arrange numbers in ascending order to mix chips to ensure that the next patient can work.

In order to overcome the above drawbacks, the "Ball placement device for exercises to restore impaired hand movements in patients with a neurological clinic" was developed.

The task to which the claimed technical solution is directed is to create a device that will allow:

1. to include the process of restoring hand movements in an intellectual activity that is interesting for the patient, ensuring the transfer of the process of movements to another level of implementation, which contributes to a more effective restoration of hand movements;

2. the intellectual activity performed by patients during classes with a simulator should not be too complicated and accessible for most patients in a neurological clinic;

3. to provide maximum ease of performing patient movements when working with elements of the device;

4. to provide the possibility of a gradual change in the degree of difficulty of the task, starting from work in a small space with subsequent gradual increase in the scope and amplitude of arm movements;

5. provide the ability to use a variety of tasks in working with the device.

The technical result provided by the claimed utility model is the easy and quick formation of tasks for the restoration of impaired hand movements, which is realized due to the structural elements of the device, which allows generating interesting and accessible tasks for patients in a neurological clinic with a gradual increase in their complexity.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the device contains a plastic or wooden case of a square shape, consisting of four side walls and a square base, ranging in size from 50 × 50 cm to 75 × 75 cm, while inside the case are fixed painted with different movements colors, plastic or rubber balls, with a diameter of 10-15 cm, and plastic or metal vertical posts with a diameter of 0.4-0.7 cm, the height of which is 60-75% of the diameter of the ball, are mounted between the balls in the base of the device’s body and the distance between the uprights is 0.1-0.2 cm less than the diameter of the ball, while the washers are rigidly fixed on the upper end of the vertical uprights, and borders are fixed on the inner sides of the side walls of the device’s casing, the height of which corresponds to the height of the washers this on the upper surfaces of the washers and borders are fixed with the possibility of rotation of metal round staples with holes.

The essence of the utility model "Ball arrangement device for exercises to restore impaired hand movements in patients of a neurological clinic" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

in FIG. 1 is a general view of the device from above;

in FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the device;

in FIG. 3 is a general view of a device with a bounding rod;

in FIG. 4-5 - examples of cards with work assignments.

The device (see Figs. 1 and 2) is a plastic or wooden case (1) of a square shape, ranging in size from 50 × 50 cm to 75 × 75 cm, inside which 24 plastic or rubber balls (4) are placed.

The housing (1) of the device consists of four side walls (2) and a square base (3).

In the base (3) of the housing (1) between the balls (4), plastic or metal vertical posts (5) with a diameter of 0.4-0.7 cm are installed, the height of which is 60-75% of the diameter of the ball (4). At the same time, round washers made of plastic are located on the upper end of the uprights (5).

On the inner sides of the side walls (2) of the housing (1) of the device, borders made of plastic (7) are rigidly fixed, the height of which corresponds to the height of the washers (6).

The distance between adjacent vertical uprights (5) is 0.1-0.2 cm less than the diameter of the ball (4). Due to this, the vertical rods (5) fix the balls (4) inside the body (1) of the device, preventing the balls (4) from rolling spontaneously inside the body (1) of the device, and do not create any obstacles for patients when moving plastic or rubber balls ( 4) during classes with the device.

The size of the washer (6) and the width of the borders (7) are determined locally and must satisfy the following conditions: a) while maintaining the possibility of free and easy movement of the balls (4) inside the body (1) of the device in a horizontal plane, b) fix the balls (4) inside the housing (1), preventing the possibility of their falling out of the housing (1) of the device.

Thus, washers (6) and borders (7) provide a functional and constructive unity of the device and perform the following functions:

a) protect the balls (4) from falling out of the device body (1) in case of accidental awkward movement of the patient;

b) do not allow the balls (4) to fall out of the case (1) of the device when carrying it, even if the device is located vertically or turned with the balls (4) down.

The plastic or rubber balls (4) located inside the device’s case (1) have a diameter of 10-15 cm and are painted in different colors: red, yellow, green and blue (in the drawings, the color of each ball is indicated by the corresponding letter: “K” - red, “ F ”- yellow,“ Z ”- green and“ C ”- blue). The number of balls (4) of each color is the same and is 6 pieces.

Along with the above-described number of balls (4) and their coloring, the device may include a different number of balls having a different coloring.

On the upper surfaces of the washers (6) and curbs (7), metal round brackets (8) are fixed rotatably with holes that are designed to install metal or plastic bounding rods (9) in them (see Fig. 3) in order to limit the working the space and number of balls (4) used in working with patients with severe impaired hand movements.

At the ends of the bounding rods (9) there are plastic handles (11), which ensure the convenience of their installation in round brackets (8) and protect the patient from the possibility of injuring himself against the sharp edge of the bounding rod (9).

For classes to restore impaired hand movements using the proposed device, paper or plastic cards (10) are used (see FIGS. 4 and 5) containing images of balls (4) in any order. The patient receives one of these cards (10) before starting work with the device and then arranges the balls (4) in the order in which they are located on the card (10). Due to this, after arranging the balls (4), one patient does not need to re-mix the balls (4), since the next patient is given another card (10) containing the images of the balls (4) in a different order.

Work with the "Device for arranging balls for classes to restore impaired hand movements in patients with a neurological clinic" is as follows.

Before the start of classes, the specialist seats the patient in front of the device located on the table and gives him a card (10), which contains an image of twenty-four balls (4), arranged in a certain order, and instructs that the patient should move multi-colored balls (4) of the device to the position corresponding to the position of the balls on the card (10).

After that, the patient begins to move the balls (4) of the device by hand, aligning them in the position corresponding to the image of the balls on the card (10). Due to the fact that the balls (4) easily roll over the base (3) of the body (1) of the device, the patient is not required to apply any force when performing the task. Due to this, work with this device is available to patients with weakened hand force as a result of a neurological disease.

If the patient has a pronounced violation of the amplitude of movement of the arm and he cannot reach the balls located in the row farthest from him (or two rows removed), then the specialist installs a limiting rod (9) in round brackets (8) located on washer (6) and curbs (7) and thereby reduces the working space, protecting the patient from attempts to make movements inaccessible to him that could harm him.

In this case, the patient arranges the balls (4) not according to the card (10), but according to the simplified instructions of the specialist, namely, that the balls (4) located in the limited working space must be arranged in accordance with their color: first red, then yellow, then green and blue, or in some other sequence.

After the patient arranges the balls (4) in the given sequence, the specialist checks the accuracy of the patient’s task, after which he can offer him a new task.

As patients achieve positive results in the restoration of arm movements, the work area expands by moving the bounding rod (9) to a distance farther from the patient.

If work with the device is carried out by patients with involuntary impulsive movements, then the design features of the device, in particular washers (6) and borders (7), exclude the possibility of falling balls (4) from the body (1) of the device.

Thus, due to its design features, “The device for arranging balls for classes to restore impaired hand movements in patients of a neurological clinic” allows you to include impaired hand movements in playing activities, which helps to increase interest in classes, increase motivation, moves the process of movement to another level of implementation, work on which helps to restore a full-fledged process of movements. Moreover, the proposed device allows classes on the restoration of impaired hand movements to a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic with impaired hand movements, with the presence of involuntary impulsive movements, with weakened hand strength. Thanks to this, this device can be widely used in neurorehabilitation departments of neurological and neurosurgical clinics.

Claims (1)

A device for arranging balls for training to restore impaired hand movements in patients of a neurological clinic, characterized in that it comprises a square-shaped body made of plastic or wood, consisting of four side walls and a square base, ranging in size from 50 × 50 cm to 75 × 75 cm, at the same time, plastic or rubber balls with a diameter of 10-15 cm each, painted in different colors, are fixed with the ability to move, and plastic or metal vertes are mounted in the base of the device’s body between the balls steel racks with a diameter of 0.4-0.7 cm, the height of which is 60-75% of the diameter of the ball, and the distance between the racks is 0.1-0.2 cm less than the diameter of the ball, while at the upper end of the vertical racks are rigidly fixed washers, and curbs are rigidly fixed on the inner sides of the side walls of the device casing, the height of which corresponds to the height of the washers, while metal round brackets with holes are fixed for rotation on the upper surfaces of the washers and curbs.

Images