RU139999U1 - RAIL BOND (OPTIONS) - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A rail fastener containing a rail liner made with an integral part with a base on which there are two central transverse projections defining the rail section, on the opposite sides of which there are sub-terminal sections, each of which is provided with two longitudinal protrusions with end ends bent to the elongated sides of the base of the lining sections of at least one limiting protrusion located between the said longitudinal protrusions with the formation of free zones for eniya end portions of spring terminals formed in the plane V-shaped; an under-rail gasket installed in said under-rail section; two fasteners installed in the holes of the base of the under-rail liner and in the dowels located in the sleepers, while in each sub-terminal section between the head of the fastening element and the restrictive protrusion, a washer is installed, characterized in that the base of the first sub terminal section is made with a height h1 smoothly reduced in direction to the rail section, the base of which is made of height h3, gradually reduced in the direction of the second sub-terminal section, while the height h1 of the base of the first sub terminal ASTK exceeds the height h3 base under-rail portion and the height h2 of the second base podklemmnogo uchastka.2. Rail fastening according to claim 1, characterized in that the rail lining is made of polyamide with glass filling. A rail fastener containing an under-rail lining, made with an integral part with a base on which two central transverse protrusions are located�

Description

Technical field

The utility model relates to the design of the upper structure of the railway track and can be used to fasten rails to rail bases, in particular sleepers, made mainly of wood, including modified.

State of the art

Rail fasteners are known from the state of the art, containing a rail liner made of an integral part, predominantly of high-strength glass-filled polyamide. The lining contains a base made of constant height, on which two sub-terminal and rail sections are formed. The under-rail section is located between the sub-terminal and is limited by two central transverse protrusions. Each of the aforementioned sub-terminal sections of the lining is equipped with: two substantially mirror-symmetric longitudinal projections with end sections bent to opposite elongated sides of the lining; restrictive protrusions formed near the hole for mounting the fastener and between said longitudinal protrusions to form free zones W for accommodating end portions of the spring terminal, made in the plan of the B-shaped. Between the under-rail liner and the rail sole, a gasket can be installed that acts as a shock absorber that dampens vibration.

A rail fastening, known from RU 99490, IPC E01B 9/54, E01B 9/02, publ. 11/20/2010, FIG. 5, 6. As the closest analogue, rail fastening, known from RU 103365, class. E01B 9/48, publ. 04/10/2011. The known rail fastening is provided with an under-rail lining described above, on which two spring terminals are mounted, which press on the two sides of the rail sole mounted on the under-rail section. Fasteners installed in the holes of the terminal sections and connected to dowels installed in reinforced concrete sleepers provide the connection between the under-rail lining and the sleepers. The above-described intermediate rail fastening is characterized by a relatively simple design, which is technologically advanced during manufacture and assembly, while ensuring design-defined positioning of the spring terminals and fasteners during the assembly of the intermediate rail fastening.

The disadvantages of the above construction are its limited use, namely on reinforced concrete sleepers, the shape of which provides a rail cradle. On existing wooden sleepers made with a constant cross-sectional height, the described lining does not provide a rail cushion, in particular 1:20.

Utility Model Disclosure

The objective of the utility model is aimed at developing reliable rail fastening, due to which the design gauge is maintained and at the same time the cushion of the rails mounted on the sleepers made of wood, including modified one, is ensured.

The technical result is to increase the operational reliability of rail fastening, providing a rail railing.

The essence of the utility model, according to the first embodiment, lies in the fact that the rail fastening comprises a rail underlay made of an integral part with a base on which there are two central transverse protrusions defining the rail section, on the opposite sides of which there are sub terminal sections, each of which is provided with two longitudinal protrusions with end sections bent towards the elongated sides of the base of the lining with at least one restrictive protrusion located between wrinkled longitudinal protrusions with the formation of free zones for placement of the end sections of the spring terminal, made in the plan of the B-shaped; an under-rail gasket installed in said under-rail section; two fasteners installed in the holes of the base of the under-rail liner and in the dowels located in the sleeper body, while in each sub-terminal section between the fastener head and the restrictive protrusion, a washer is installed, according to the utility model, the base of the first sub terminal section is made of height h1 smoothly reduced in the direction to the under-rail section, the base of which is made with a height h3 smoothly reduced towards the second sub-terminal section, while the height h1 of the base of the first sub-terminal about the site exceeds the height h3 of the base of the rail section and the height h2 of the base of the second sub-terminal section.

The rail liner can be made of glass-filled polyamide.

The essence of the utility model, according to the second embodiment, consists in that the rail fastening comprises a rail underlay made of an integral part with a base on which there are two central transverse protrusions defining the rail section, on the opposite sides of which there are terminal sections, each of which is provided with two longitudinal protrusions with end sections bent towards the elongated sides of the base of the lining with at least one restrictive protrusion located between wrinkled longitudinal protrusions with the formation of free zones for placement of the end sections of the spring terminal, made in the plan of the B-shaped; an under-rail gasket installed in said under-rail section; two fasteners installed in the holes of the base of the under-rail liner and in the dowels located in the sleeper body, while in each sub-terminal section between the fastener head and the restrictive protrusion, a washer is installed, according to the utility model, the base of the first sub terminal section is made of height h1 smoothly reduced in the direction to the under-rail section, the base of which is made with a height h3 smoothly reduced towards the second sub-terminal section, while the height h1 of the base of the first sub-terminal about the site exceeds the height h3 of the base of the rail section and the height h2 of the base of the second sub terminal section, and each dowel contains opposite external and internal threads and is located with an expanded head in the lower part of the sleepers.

The dowel is made of polyamide.

The expanded dowel head contains a conical part bounded by an angle α, the magnitude of which is 80–100 °.

The essence of the utility model, according to the third embodiment, lies in the fact that the rail fastening comprises a rail underlay made of an integral part with a base on which there are two central transverse protrusions defining the rail section, on the opposite sides of which there are sub terminal sections, each of which is provided with two longitudinal protrusions with end sections bent towards the elongated sides of the base of the lining with at least one restrictive protrusion located between curved longitudinal protrusions with the formation of free zones for placement of the end sections of the spring terminal, made in the plan of the B-shaped; an under-rail gasket installed in said under-rail section; two fasteners installed in the holes of the base of the under-rail liner and in the dowels located in the sleeper body, while in each sub-terminal section between the fastener head and the restrictive protrusion, a washer is installed, according to the utility model, the base of the first sub terminal section is made of height h1 smoothly reduced in the direction to the under-rail section, the base of which is made with a height h3 smoothly reduced towards the second sub-terminal section, while the height h1 of the base of the first sub-terminal about the site exceeds the height h3 of the base of the under-rail section and the height h2 of the base of the second sub-terminal section, and the washer is made up of an electrical insulating element equipped with a supporting section, on the opposite sides of which there are metal supporting plates, the outer and inner annular sections of which are covered by the said electrical insulating element.

The insulating element of the washer is made annular and formed in cross section by an H-shaped portion.

The set of features of the claimed utility model is in a causal relationship with the achieved technical result and is presented in the independent claims of the utility model.

Brief Description of Explanatory Figures

FIG. 1 - shows an explosion diagram of the proposed rail fastening;

FIG. 2 - schematically shows the proposed rail fastening (cross section across the rail);

FIG. 3 - lining is shown;

FIG. 4 - section AA is shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 - is shown in cross section a dowel;

FIG. 6 - presents an explosion diagram of the proposed electrical insulating washers (cross section);

FIG. 7, 8 - electrical insulating washers (cross section) are shown.

The above figures depict:

1 - rail lining;

2 - spring terminal;

2a — end section of the spring terminal branch;

2b is a rounded section of the spring terminal;

2c - horizontal section of the spring terminal;

3 - fastener;

3a - the head of the fastener;

4 - dowel;

4a - dowel head;

4b - conical part;

4c is a cylindrical part;

4d - external thread;

4f - internal thread;

5 - sleepers;

6 - the base of the under-rail lining;

6a - the base of the rail section 7;

6b - the base of the sub terminal section 8;

6c - the base of the sub terminal section 9;

7 - rail section;

8 - sub terminal area;

9 - sub terminal area;

10 - sidewall;

11 - sidewall;

12 - bed wall sleepers;

13 - bed wall sleepers;

14 - central transverse protrusion;

14a - the Central part of the Central transverse protrusion;

15 - rail;

15a - the sole of the rail;

16 - hole;

17 - restrictive protrusion;

18 is a longitudinal protrusion;

18a is an end portion of a longitudinal protrusion;

19 - lower ledge;

19a - the outer section of the lower protrusion 19;

20 - lower ledge;

20a is the outer portion of the lower protrusion 20;

21 - restrictive side;

22 - restrictive side;

23 - neckline;

24 - deepening;

25 - face;

26 - rail gasket;

27 - washer;

28 - electrical insulating element of the washer 27;

28a is a reference portion of an electrical insulating element;

28b is an outer annular protrusion of the insulating element;

28c - inner annular protrusion of the insulating element;

29 - a support plate;

29a - the outer annular portion of the base plate;

29b is an inner annular portion of the base plate;

L is the longitudinal axis of the lining 1 rail;

N - the longitudinal axis of the sleepers 5.

It should be understood that specialists in the art will be able to offer other options for implementing the utility model and that some of its details can be changed in various other aspects without going beyond the essence and scope of the present utility model, respectively, the figures and a detailed description of rail fastening are illustrative, but not restrictive.

The best option for implementing a utility model

Rail fastening (see Fig. 1, 2) contains: lining 1 rail (hereinafter - lining); two spring terminals 2, each of which is made in the plan of a B-shaped; two fasteners 3; two dowels 4 installed in the body of the sleepers 5, made mainly of wood, including modified.

The lining 1 (see Fig. 3, 4) is made of a solid monolithic part and contains a base 6 with rail 7 and two sub-terminal sections 8 and 9. The lining 1 contains sidewalls 10 and 11, limiting on the one hand the mentioned terminal sections 8 and 9, respectively . In the rail fastening, the sections of the sidewalls 10 and 11, resting on the corresponding walls 12 and 13 of the bed of the sleepers 5, are made inclined.

The under-rail section 7 is located in the central zone of the base 6 and is bounded on two sides by two central transverse protrusions 14 restricting lateral movements of the rail 15.

The sub-terminal sections 8 and 9 are located on opposite sides of the rail section 7, each of which contains: a through hole 16 for installing the fastener 3, by means of which the lining 1 is fastened to the sleeper 5 and the spring clip 2 is pressed against the base 6 of the lining 1 and to the sole 15a of the rail 15; two limiting protrusions 17, limiting the efforts of pressing the spring terminal 2 to the base 6; two longitudinal projections 18.

The longitudinal protrusions 18 are made in the form of walls mirrored in shape with radially curved end portions 18a directed to the elongated sides of the base 6, which ensures the design-defined position of the spring terminals 2. In each sub-terminal section 8, 9, the through hole 16 is located between the limiting protrusions 17 and all together they are located between two longitudinal protrusions 18 with the formation of free zones W to accommodate the end sections 2A of the branches of the spring terminal 2.

For a better understanding of the essence of the claimed solution, the base 6 is conditionally divided into sections 6a, 6b and 6c belonging to the rail 7, the first sub terminal 8 and the second sub terminal 9, respectively, of the lining 1 (see Fig. 4). The base 6b of the first sub-terminal section 8 is made with a height h1 smoothly reduced in the direction from the sidewall 10 to the rail section 7. The base 6a of the sub-rail section 7 is made with a height h3 smoothly reduced in the direction from the first sub terminal section 8 to the second sub terminal section 9. The base 6c of the second sub terminal section 9 is made with a height h2 smoothly reduced in the direction from the rail section 7 to the sidewall 11. The height h1 of the base 6b of the first sub-terminal section 8 exceeds the height h3 of the base 6a of the rail track TCA 7 and the height h2 podklemmnogo base 6c of the second portion 9. The foregoing structure during prolonged operation under conditions of high dynamic loads provides full bearing sole 15a of the rail 15 on the under-rail portion 7 lining 1 and the rail poduklonku predetermined design, in particular 1:20.

The lining 1 is provided with lower protrusions 19 and 20 formed on the lower side of the base 6 to limit the displacement of the lining 1 along the sleepers 5. The outer sections 19a and 20a of the lower protrusions 19 and 20, respectively, are part of the sidewalls 10 and 11, respectively, of the lining 1. The lower the protrusions 19 and 20 can be made solid or divided by local recesses.

The lining 1 is provided with restrictive flanges 21 and 22, preventing the displacement of the rounded sections of the branches 2b of the spring terminals 2. In a specific embodiment, the restrictive flanges 21 and 22 are peripheral parts of the first 8 and second 9, respectively, terminal sections.

Each of the transverse protrusions 14 can be made with side cutouts 23 through which the spring terminal 2 passes while embracing the central portion 14a of the transverse protrusion 14 and pressing the sole 15a of the rail 15 with its horizontal portion 2c.

To reduce the mass of the lining 1, recesses forming a cellular structure can be formed on its lower side.

The above-described lining 1 can be made according to the existing proven technology by injection molding of high-strength polyamide with glass filling, for example, grade PA6-GF35, or from another high-strength composite material.

At least two dowels 4 are installed in the body of the sleepers 5 so that their expanded heads 4a are located in the lower part of the sleepers 5, each dowel 4 (see Fig. 5) is made of high-strength polyamide and contains opposite outer 4d and inner 4f thread, which increases the operational reliability of the dowel 4 in the rail fastening, since during the screwing of the fastening element 3 into the dowel 4, the latter (meaning the dowel 4) is pulled up to the lining 1, thus excluding the unscrewing of the dowel 4 from the body of the sleepers 5 in the process of repeated screwing of the fastening element 3. In a specific embodiment of the dowel 4, its external thread 4d is made left-handed and the internal thread 4f is made right-handed.

The expanded head 4a of the dowel 4 is formed on the outside by a conical part 4b, the continuation of which is the cylindrical part 4c, while the conical part 4b is bounded by an angle α, the value of which is 80 ÷ 100 °.

In the cylindrical part 4c, a turn-key recess 24 is made, with which the dowel 4 is screwed into the hole of the sleepers 5. The recess 24 is limited to three side faces 25. This design of the expanded head 4a withstands increased loads acting on the side faces 25 during the tightening of the dowel 4 in the body of the sleepers 5, and virtually eliminates the separation of the aforementioned expanded head 4A and / or the appearance of cracks in it.

The dowel 4 can be made by injection molding. For the manufacture of dowel 4, it is advisable to use a high-strength polymer material, for example, polyamide 66, which retains its properties in the temperature range from -50 to + 80 ° C, which, in turn, allows the dowel 4 to retain its structurally defined shape and performance in the rail fastening unit .

As the fastening element 3 can be used a bolt, screw, or screw.

Between the sole 15a of the rail 15 and the lining 1 on the under-rail section, an under-rail gasket 26 can be installed that acts as a shock absorber. The gasket 26 is made of an integral part by injection molding of thermoplastic elastomer, or rubber, or plastics, or a polymer composite, or other material.

In the intermediate rail fastening under the heads For the fasteners 3, washers 27 are installed. Said washers 27 can have various designs. To create electrical insulation between the sleeper 5 and the rail 15, the washer 27 can be made electrical insulating, as shown in figures 6, 7 and 8. The electrical insulating washer 27 is made of a composite of an electrical insulating element 28 and two metal base plates 29.

The insulating element 28 is provided with a support portion 28a, on the opposite sides of which metal support plates 29 are located. Outer 29a and inner 29b annular sections of each support plate 29 are overlapped by outer protrusions 28b and inner 28c, respectively, of the electrical insulating member 28. The height of the inner annular protrusion 28c correspond to the height of the outer annular protrusion 28b, as shown in figure 7, or slightly exceed it, as shown in figure 8.

The insulating element 28 is circular and is formed in cross section by an H-shaped portion. The implementation of the insulating washer 27 in the form of a "package": a metal base plate 29 - an electrical insulating base section 28a - a metal base plate 29 allows you to create a solid structure that accepts high loads in the rail fastening and at the same time eliminates the electrical connection between the fastening element 3 - spring terminal 2 - rail 15, which increases the reliability of the insulating washer 27 and rail fastening as a whole. The use of electrical insulating washers 27 in rail fasteners increases the safety of passenger and freight transportation.

In the rail fastening, the above-described lining 1 is installed in the indented portion corresponding to it — the bed of the sleepers 5, while the first sub-terminal section 8 is always located on the outside of the railway track. A gasket 26 is mounted on the under-rail section 7 of the lining 1, on which the sole 15a of the rail 15 rests, while the central transverse protrusions 14 of the lining 1 prevent the gasket 26 and the sole 15a from moving along the longitudinal axis L of the lining 1 and along the longitudinal axis N of the sleepers 5. Fasteners 3, connecting the lining 1 with the sleeper 5, are installed in the holes 16 and connected to the internal thread 4f of the dowels 4. Through the washers 27, the tightening forces of the fasteners 3 are transmitted to the spring terminals 2, ensuring their reliable pressing against the base 6 adki 1 and to the sole 15a of the rail 15.

The rail fastening described above is characterized by increased operational reliability, since during long-term operation under conditions of increased dynamic loads, the design-defined gauge is maintained and the design-specific rail cradle is provided, in particular 1:20.

Claims (7)

1. A rail fastener containing a rail liner made with an integral part with a base on which there are two central transverse projections defining the rail section, on the opposite sides of which there are sub-terminal sections, each of which is provided with two longitudinal protrusions with end ends bent to the elongated sides of the base of the lining sections of at least one limiting protrusion located between the said longitudinal protrusions with the formation of free zones for eniya end portions of spring terminals formed in the plane V-shaped; an under-rail gasket installed in said under-rail section; two fasteners installed in the holes of the base of the under-rail liner and in the dowels located in the sleepers, while in each sub-terminal section between the head of the fastening element and the restrictive protrusion, a washer is installed, characterized in that the base of the first sub terminal section is made with a height h1 smoothly reduced in direction to the rail section, the base of which is made of height h3, gradually reduced in the direction of the second sub-terminal section, while the height h1 of the base of the first sub terminal ASTK exceeds the height h3 base under-rail portion and the height h2 of the second base portion podklemmnogo. 2. Rail fastening according to claim 1, characterized in that the rail lining is made of polyamide with glass filling. 3. A rail fastener containing an under-rail lining, made with an integral part with a base, on which there are two central transverse protrusions defining the under-rail section, on the opposite sides of which there are sub-terminal sections, each of which is provided with two longitudinal protrusions with end ends curved to the elongated sides of the base of the lining sections of at least one limiting protrusion located between the said longitudinal protrusions with the formation of free zones for eniya end portions of spring terminals formed in the plane V-shaped; an under-rail gasket installed in said under-rail section; two fasteners installed in the holes of the base of the under-rail liner and in the dowels located in the sleepers, while in each sub-terminal section between the head of the fastening element and the restrictive protrusion, a washer is installed, characterized in that the base of the first sub terminal section is made with a height h1 smoothly reduced in direction to the rail section, the base of which is made of height h3, gradually reduced in the direction of the second sub-terminal section, while the height h1 of the base of the first sub terminal ASTK exceeds the height h3 base under-rail portion and the height h2 podklemmnogo second base portion, and each anchor comprises multidirectional external and internal threads and an enlarged head located at the bottom of the sleeper. 4. Rail fastening according to claim 3, characterized in that the dowel is made of polyamide. 5. Rail fastening according to claim 3, characterized in that the expanded dowel head contains a conical part bounded by an angle α, the magnitude of which is 80 ÷ 100 °. 6. A rail fastener comprising an under-rail lining made with an integral part with a base on which there are two central transverse protrusions defining the under-rail section, on the opposite sides of which there are sub-terminal sections, each of which is provided with two longitudinal protrusions with end ends curved to the elongated sides of the base of the lining sections of at least one limiting protrusion located between the said longitudinal protrusions with the formation of free zones for eniya end portions of spring terminals formed in the plane V-shaped; an under-rail gasket installed in said under-rail section; two fasteners installed in the holes of the base of the under-rail liner and in the dowels located in the sleepers, while in each sub-terminal section between the head of the fastening element and the restrictive protrusion, a washer is installed, characterized in that the base of the first sub terminal section is made with a height h1 smoothly reduced in direction to the rail section, the base of which is made of height h3, gradually reduced in the direction of the second sub-terminal section, while the height h1 of the base of the first sub terminal ASTK exceeds the height h3 base under-rail portion and the height h2 podklemmnogo second base portion, and an integral washer made of an electrically insulating element provided with the support portion, on the opposite sides of which are arranged bearing metal plates, outer and inner annular portions which are covered by said insulating member. 7. Rail fastening according to claim 6, characterized in that the electrical insulating element of the washer is made annular and formed in cross section by an H-shaped portion.

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