RU137888U1 - ARMORED CAR - Google Patents

Abstract

1. An armored vehicle containing a chassis with an armored body, including armor protection of the engine compartment, a gas tank mounted on the body, with loopholes made in the body, as well as an armored emergency ventilation hatch with evacuation function, characterized in that the armored body is made of a bearing, the chassis is made with a triaxial design with a 6 × 6 wheel arrangement, a balancer suspension is used on the rear axles, the armored body is made of rolled sheets of homogeneous armor steel and consists of a motor about the compartment with the armored hood and the inhabited compartment, functionally divided into front and rear parts, two side and two rear aft doors are made in the hull, on the roof of the inhabited compartment there are two hatches for the driver and the senior car and at least two hatches for landing in the passenger compartment of the car, the engine compartment is armored, at least two loopholes are made in the side surface of the hull, at least one fuel tank is mounted on the armored hull, an air duct is located on the roof of the hull, at least one air intake, in the cabin there is an autonomous air diesel heater connected to an additional fuel tank. 2. An armored car according to claim 1, characterized in that the front of the inhabited compartment contains locations for the operation and functioning of the driver and the senior vehicle. An armored car according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear of the habitable compartment is designed to accommodate an assault. An armored car according to claim 1, characterized in that the side walls, wheel arches, floor and roof of the body are made of flat

Description

The technical solution relates to the field of transport engineering, namely, to vehicles with an armored hull, designed to escort and protect transport convoys, patrol, power support for special operations, reconnaissance activities to ensure the protection of the crew and the landing.

Known (US patent 4326445) is an armored car containing a chassis with a frame on which an armored base is mounted. On this basis, a hull made of armored plates is fixed by any method, forming a closed volume such as a capsule, in which the crew and passengers of the vehicle are placed. The hull is formed by welding of armor plates and has armored doors to move the crew, passengers and goods into the hull and vice versa.

A disadvantage of the well-known armored car should be recognized as insufficient protection of the crew and the landing force from undermining, as well as from the action of armor-piercing bullets and fragments of grenades. In addition, the crew and the landing are not protected from the action of toxic substances.

It is known (RU, patent 2227891) a vehicle containing an armored body mounted on a wheeled chassis with hatches for observation and shooting, a control compartment and a power compartment located respectively in its front and rear parts and interconnected controls, a radio station, viewing devices and navigation equipment located in the control compartment, an electric filter and ventilation unit, the inlet of which is installed on the roof of the hull and is closed by armor protection, Atelier with the exhaust manifold, placed in the power department, and the exhaust pipe. In addition, additional windows with bullet-proof glass are made in the front of the case, doors are installed on the sides of the case, and a hatch with a periscope viewing device is installed on the roof, a metal container attached to its bottom is installed in the middle part of the case, a fuel tank is connected in series, electric fuel pump, solenoid valve, whose electromagnet is electrically connected through the first controllable switch to the vehicle electrical system and the output of the third switch, and the nozzle mounted on the engine output manifold and paired with its cavity by its atomizer, piping system with atomizers, installed on shelves outside the housing and under the bottom, a distributor valve installed on the outlet of the exhaust manifold, the controlled input of which is connected to the output of the first managed switch, the first output is connected to the exhaust pipe of the engine of the power plant, and the second is connected to the input of the piping system installed externally on the roof of the body and the bottom of the smoke shields electrically connected through the second managed switch with the vehicle's on-board network and the first control button, insulating gas masks installed at crew members' workstations, the automatic transmission switch on the radio station with a tape recorder, the first input of which is connected through the second managed switch to the on-board network and the first control button, and the second input is connected through a third managed switch to the vehicle electrical system and a second control button, first the first and second inputs of the radio station are connected to the outputs of the unit for automatically turning it on and the tape recorder installed on the roof of the housing is a telescopic air supply pipe with a drive and an air duct, the input and output of which are connected respectively to the output of the air supply pipe and the inlet pipe of the ventilation unit, microswitches installed on the doors and a hatch, each of which is electrically connected by the input to the on-board network, and through the switch - with the second managed switch, while the input of the electric drive of the fuel pump is connected to the outputs of the third managed switch, and each input of the electric drives of the filter ventilation installation and the air supply pipe is connected to the outputs of the second and third controlled switches.

The closest analogue of the developed armored car can be recognized () armored car SAFE 19451 based on the Ford Transit Connect LWB. The SAFE 19451 armored car based on the Ford Transit Connect LWB has the second class of bulletproof protection during circular firing from a TT pistol of 7.62 mm caliber ammunition 57-H-134C (Pst bullet with a steel core). At the heart of this SAFE armored vehicle is the specially designed Ford Transit chassis, which is highly durable and ensures the safety of the entire vehicle. Exceptionally rigid body frame enhances active and passive safety. The basis for the production of SAFE armored vehicles is hidden reservation technology. During production, body elements are armored using heavy-duty steel, which, forming an all-metal body, provide protection against the effects of small arms of 7.62 mm caliber. The all-metal armored body includes a motor shield of the car, left and right side, rear wall, doors, roof, armor protection of the battery. Additionally, armored floor protection is provided. The car is equipped with loopholes hidden execution. The standard windows of the base car are replaced by a set of full-sized bulletproof multilayer molded glass. The collection compartment of the car is equipped with two bulletproof flat windows. The car is equipped with an intercom "salon-street", a fire extinguishing system in the engine compartment, mechanical and electric door locks, an armored emergency ventilation hatch with evacuation function.

The well-known vehicle is intended mainly for collection needs and is not protected from undermining by a charge equivalent to 0.1 kg of TNT and higher, and, in addition, does not provide protection against the effects of large-caliber armor-piercing bullets and grenade fragments. The lack of reservation of the engine compartment does not provide the ability to move the car when it gets even from small arms into the engine area. The declared protection against small arms of 7.62 mm caliber does not save the crew and the landing party from getting into the hull of large-caliber bullets (9.0 mm caliber and above), as well as fragments of grenades and mines. The car also does not protect the crew and the landing force from uncomfortable conditions (gunpowder gases, stuffiness) during an enemy attack, while uncomfortable conditions significantly reduce the effectiveness of landing and crew fire on an advancing enemy. The presence of only two axles, only one of which is the leading one, does not ensure the car's cross-country ability on unpaved roads. The presence of two doors in the hull makes it difficult to evacuate the crew and the landing in an emergency.

 The technical problem, solved by an armored vehicle of the developed design, is to create a vehicle with an armored hull designed to escort and protect transport convoys, patrol, power support for special operations, and reconnaissance activities to ensure the protection of the crew and the landing force.

The technical result obtained by the implementation of the developed vehicle is to create a vehicle with increased safety and comfort for the crew and the landing, suitable for off-road operations while escorting and guarding transport convoys, patrolling, power support for special operations, and intelligence operations.

To achieve the specified technical result, it is proposed to use an armored car of a developed design, called “Bulat”. The armored vehicle of the developed design contains a bearing armored hull and a triaxial running gear with a 6 × 6 wheel arrangement, with a balanced suspension being used on the rear axles, the armored hull is made of rolled sheets of homogeneous armor steel and consists of a motor compartment with an armored hood and an inhabited compartment, functionally divided into front and rear parts, two side and two rear aft doors are made in the hull, on the roof of the inhabited compartment there are two hatches for water mechanics Itel and the senior car and at least two landing hatches, in the passenger compartment of the car, the engine compartment is made armored, at least two loopholes are made in the side surface of the hull, at least one fuel tank is mounted on the armored hull, on the roof of the casing there is an air duct with at least one air intake; in the cabin there is an autonomous air diesel heater connected to an additional fuel tank.

The concept of "increased safety and comfort of the crew and the landing" is a comprehensive concept and includes both providing protection against large-caliber bullets and fragments of hand grenades and mortar mines, and from undermining under the engine compartment; in addition, increasing off-road vehicle patency reduces the likelihood of getting into the vehicle from a grenade launcher or flamethrower of the Bumblebee type, since firing at a moving target, especially at a variable speed, is difficult. Improving the comfort of staying (temperature and atmosphere purity) in the inhabited compartment of the crew and the landing reduces their fatigue, which ultimately leads to more careful monitoring of the terrain and timely detection of ambushes and detachments of illegal military formations. The possibility of safe evacuation in the event of damage to the armored car with "heavy" weapons allows the crew and the landing party to behave more calmly in combat conditions. The presence of loopholes in the building allows for the suppression of aggressively-minded groups of people, as well as units of illegal military formations.

The design of the armored vehicle was developed based on an analysis of the actions of armored vehicles in hot spots. The use of the chassis with a triaxial design with a 6x6 wheel arrangement, and on the rear axles a balancing suspension is used, which ensures the armor of the vehicle on any mountain and swampy roads. The execution of the body from rolled sheets of homogeneous armor steel, as well as the hood, allows the protection of the crew and troops from small arms with a caliber of 12.7 mm, as well as fragments of mines and grenades. The division of the internal volume of the armored car into the engine compartment and the inhabited compartment made it possible, even in the event of the armored car being undermined by the engine compartment, to save the crew and the landing force. The use of two side and two aft doors will allow the landing party to quickly leave the armored car. The presence of sunroofs in the roof will allow a vehicle and an airborne landing vehicle to leave the armored vehicle when a vehicle is overturned on its side in the event of a powerful explosion under the bottom or a shell from a grenade launcher (type RPG - 7) hits the crew and landing. The presence on the roof of the air duct with at least one air intake, as well as an autonomous air diesel heater in the cabin, connected to an additional fuel tank, provide the crew and the landing party for at least three hours in comfortable conditions.

 As shown by the test results of an armored vehicle in hot spots, this complex ensures the achievement of the specified technical result.

In a preferred embodiment, the front part of the habitable compartment contains the locations and functioning of the driver and the senior machine, and the rear part of the habitable compartment is designed to accommodate the landing.

Preferably, the side walls, wheel arches, floor and roof of the body are made of flat armor plates; the side and rear aft doors of the hull are made of hinged and armored doors, and at least some of them are equipped with armored windows.

Mostly on the roof of the inhabited compartment above the cabin there are six rectangular hatches for the landing.

All of these hatches are predominantly equipped with external burglary protection.

In some embodiments, the doors of the case are made according to the protection class not lower than the mating parts of the case and are equipped with crossbar locks that open from the inside and outside, with the possibility of locking from the inside.

Aft doors can be equipped with steps that are in a horizontal position, and the steps are structurally made rotating perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the machine at an angle of up to 90 degrees.

The engine compartment is predominantly armored around the perimeter with an armored hood and with an armored lower part to the front axle, and in the front lower part the engine compartment is equipped with a bulletproof maze-type radiator blinds. In this case, usually the armored hood can be made leaning forward in the direction of the vehicle, and to facilitate folding, a hydraulic actuator with a hand pump installed in front of the right front wing is used, while in the open position the hood is locked by a folding brace.

Preferably, at least ten loopholes are made in the side surface of the hull with armored covers locked from the inside, usually 4 loopholes are made on each side embedded in the inspection armor windows, and one loophole is integrated in each aft door, while the armor covers of the loopholes of the aft doors are oval forms. In this case, the windows in the case are mainly made of laminated bulletproof glass.

Preferably, two protected explosion-proof fuel tanks are fixed to the armored hull with self-tightening coating on the impact of bullets and fragments of mines and grenades.

An air duct with two air intakes can be located on the roof of the housing, each of which is connected to the engine air filter by an air duct.

In some embodiments, the fuel tank of the heater is combined with the fuel tank of the engine start heater. In this case, usually the fuel tank of the engine start-up heater is connected to at least one of the main fuel tanks and is located in the motor compartment in the reserved space, and its capacity in the case of full fuel consumption from the main tanks moves the armored car to a distance of at least 100 km.

Additionally, in the front of the engine compartment of the car in the reserved space, a traction winch with the issuance of the cable forward can be located.

In addition, two energy-absorbing seats of increased comfort for the driver-mechanic and the senior car can be placed in front of the inhabited compartment, while in the rear of the inhabited compartment along the sides there are two rows of separate seats for 8 people.

The primary area of application of the special Bulat armored vehicle is the provision of patrolling of specially protected objects and territories. In addition, it can be used as:

- escort vehicle (vehicle escort vehicle or individual vehicles for the transport of special goods);

- a police car (a means of patrolling populated areas in areas of increased social tension, conflict);

- armored border vehicle (a means of ensuring the actions of the personnel of the border troops in performing a wide range of tasks to protect the state border);

- a vehicle to support the actions of peacekeeping forces in the so-called Hot spots;

- An armored vehicle to combat armed gangs. In addition, there is the possibility of using the machine in the variants of the command post, ambulance or reconnaissance vehicle.

The main composite elements of the proposed special armored vehicle in a preferred embodiment of its implementation are a bearing armored body and chassis. The chassis of the car is distinguished by a triaxial design with a 6 × 6 wheel arrangement. The special Bulat armored vehicle is manufactured on the units and assemblies of a mass-produced off-road truck, while maintaining the basic design solutions that allow it to be used on roads of all kinds, including in cities, as an equal participant in road traffic. At the same time, they comply with all Traffic Rules, the norms "Maximum masses and dimensions of vehicles operated on public roads", as well as the requirements of safety and environmental standards for vehicles.

Serial units and assemblies can simplify the processes of production and car repair. The layout allows technical inspection and repair by technical means intended for production vehicles and the chassis of the selected supplier. The use of standardized units of mass production can significantly reduce the cost of the car.

The balancer suspension used on the rear axles ensures uniform distribution of vertical loads along the axles, regardless of driving conditions. Increasing the car's cross-country ability is ensured by the use of lockable cross-axle differentials in the design of the rear axles, as well as interaxal locking and low gear in the transfer case.

The appearance of the car is given by the design of the supporting body (body). The armored car body is assembled using welding from rolled sheets of homogeneous armor steel. The shape of the case is determined by the features of its layout. The case consists of a motor compartment with an armored hood and a habitable compartment functionally divided into the front (seats and functioning of the driver and senior vehicles) and rear (interior, compartment for the landing) parts of the car. The side walls, wheel arches, the floor and the roof of the hull are formed by flat armor plates optimized for the material used, its thickness and their angles to obtain the highest level of protection with the minimum weight allowed for a car of this type.

The design of the armored hull ensures the protection of the crew and the landing force from the effects of small arms bullets during circular shelling of the inhabited compartment of a vehicle in accordance with GOST R 50963-96 and international standards. Armored panels of the floor and roof provide protection against the damaging factors of explosive devices when undermining at ground level under the bottom and on the roof of the inhabited compartment. Additionally, the housing provides partial protection of components and assemblies of the car chassis.

For entry and exit, the hull contains two full-fledged side and two rear aft swinging armored doors with armored windows placed on them, on the roof of the inhabited compartment there are two hatches for the driver and the senior car and six rectangular hatches for the landing in the passenger compartment of the car. Hatches are equipped with protection against breaking outside. Protection of hatches on top and around the perimeter corresponds to the protection class of the roof of the hull. The doors of the case are made according to the protection class not lower than the mating parts of the case and are equipped with bolt locks that open from the inside and outside, with the possibility of locking from the inside. Aft doors are equipped with side steps in a horizontal position. The steps are structurally made rotating perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the machine at an angle of up to 90 degrees.

The engine compartment is made armored (around the perimeter), with an armored hood and with an armored lower part (to the front axle). In the front lower part, the engine compartment is equipped with a bulletproof maze-type radiator shutter. The armored hood leans forward in the direction of the vehicle and provides convenient access to the engine and its systems. To facilitate folding, a hydraulic actuator with a hand pump installed in front of the right front wing was used. In the open position, the hood is locked by a folding strut.

To conduct an effective defensive fire with small arms from the vehicle’s internal space, ten loopholes with inside lockable armored covers (4 on each side built into the inspection armored windows, and 1 in each aft door) are placed in the hull. Covers of the loopholes of the aft doors are oval, which allows targeted defensive fire with greater maneuverability of weapons and the use of various types of small arms.

Transparent car armor: side and aft door windows, viewing windows of both sides with built-in loopholes and a panoramic wind window - are represented by protective laminated glass (SPM) made with the corresponding protection class according to GOST R 51136-2008. Due to the fact that the windshield is made panoramic, visibility from the driver's seat meets the requirements of GOST R 51266-96. The car is equipped with a front bumper (bumper), as well as front and rear towing devices, providing emergency towing, both on a flexible and a rigid hitch, as well as its use as a tractor for towing an emergency vehicle or for towing a trailer.

Two 125 l of protected explosion-proof fuel tanks with a self-tightening coating on mines and grenade fragments and mine shells are fixed on the armored hull.

On the roof of the casing there is a box-shaped duct with two on-board air intakes, which allow the air intake points to be positioned high enough and to prevent the air duct from flooding when the car overcomes a deep ford.

Air from the air intakes enters through two box ducts to the engine air filter.

The placement of lighting equipment and rear-view mirrors was carried out on the plumage in accordance with the RF Traffic Rules and the UNECE International Rules. An autonomous air diesel heater is located in the cabin, which provides the necessary degree of heating the air of the internal volume of the hull (inhabited space) without starting the main engine of the car under any climatic conditions possible in the Russian Federation. An air conditioning system is also installed.

The fuel tank of the heater is combined with the fuel tank of the engine starting heater and is constantly filled with fuel, the supply of which is continuously replenished during engine operation from the main fuel tanks. This tank is located in the motorcycle compartment in the reserved space and can, if necessary (for example, with a complete failure of both the right and left main fuel tanks) ensure vehicle mileage at a distance of at least 100 km.

In front of the engine compartment of the car (in the reserved space) there is a traction winch with a forward cable. In the stowed position, the hook (or thimble) of the cable is fixed to the bumper. Guide rollers for the winch cable are integrated into the front bumper.

In the front of the inhabited compartment there are two energy-absorbing seats of increased comfort for the driver and the senior car. In the rear of the inhabited compartment along the sides there are two rows of separate seats for 8 people.

To protect the landing from the effects of high-speed loads arising from the explosion of mines, special shock-absorbing seats of their own design, mounted on suspensions, were used.

To create a certain level of comfort for the crew, the car was upholstered with non-woven materials.

To ensure trouble-free movement in the composition of the columns in the blackout mode, the front and rear special lights of the combat lighting can be installed on the car, as well as light-masking devices on the headlamps.

To ensure safe entry and exit of the crew, the car is equipped with a door opening alarm with light indication at the driver's workplace.

A significant simplification of the design of the controls and an increase in their reliability was achieved by using a cable drive of the high pressure fuel pump control pedal.

Claims (19)

1. An armored vehicle containing a chassis with an armored body, including armor protection of the engine compartment, a gas tank mounted on the body, with loopholes made in the body, as well as an armored emergency ventilation hatch with evacuation function, characterized in that the armored body is made of a bearing, the chassis is made with a triaxial design with a 6 × 6 wheel arrangement, a balancer suspension is used on the rear axles, the armored body is made of rolled sheets of homogeneous armor steel and consists of a motor about the compartment with the armored hood and the inhabited compartment, functionally divided into front and rear parts, two side and two rear aft doors are made in the hull, on the roof of the inhabited compartment there are two hatches for the driver and the senior car and at least two hatches for landing in the passenger compartment of the car, the engine compartment is armored, at least two loopholes are made in the side surface of the hull, at least one fuel tank is mounted on the armored hull, an air duct is located on the roof of the hull, at least one air intake, in the cabin there is an autonomous air diesel heater connected to an additional fuel tank. 2. The armored car according to claim 1, characterized in that the front of the habitable compartment contains the location and functioning of the driver and the senior car. 3. The armored car according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear of the habitable compartment is designed to accommodate the landing. 4. The armored car according to claim 1, characterized in that the side walls, wheel arches, floor and roof of the hull are made of flat armor plates. 5. The armored car according to claim 1, characterized in that the side and rear aft doors of the hull are made with hinged and armored doors, and at least some of them are equipped with armored windows. 6. The armored car according to claim 1, characterized in that on the roof of the inhabited compartment above the cabin there are six rectangular hatches for the landing. 7. Armored car according to claim 1, characterized in that the hatches are equipped with protection against hacking from the outside. 8. The armored car according to claim 1, characterized in that the doors of the hull are made according to the protection class not lower than the mating parts of the hull and are equipped with crossbar locks that open from the inside and outside, with the possibility of locking from the inside. 9. The armored car according to claim 1, characterized in that the aft doors are equipped with footboards located in a horizontal position, and the footboards are structurally made rotating perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle by an angle of up to 90º. 10. The armored car according to claim 1, characterized in that the engine compartment is made perimeter armored with an armored hood and with an armored lower part to the front axle, and in the front lower part the engine compartment is equipped with a bulletproof maze-type radiator blinds. 11. The armored car of claim 10, characterized in that the armored hood is folded forward in the direction of travel of the vehicle, and to facilitate folding, a hydraulic actuator with a hand pump installed in front of the right front wing is used, while the hood is locked by a folding brace in the open position. 12. The armored car according to claim 1, characterized in that at least ten loopholes are made in the side surface of the hull with armored covers locked from the inside, with 4 loopholes made on each side embedded in the inspection armor windows, and one loophole is integrated in each aft doors, while the armor plates of the loopholes of the aft doors are oval. 13. The armored car according to claim 1, characterized in that the windows in the housing are made of laminated bulletproof glass. 14. The armored car according to claim 1, characterized in that two protected fuel tanks of explosion-proof design are fixed on the armored hull with self-tightening when hit by bullets and fragments of mines and grenade coating. 15. The armored car according to claim 1, characterized in that on the roof of the hull there is an air duct with two air intakes, each of which is connected by an air duct to the engine air filter. 16. The armored car according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel tank of the heater is combined with the fuel tank of the engine starting heater. 17. The armored car according to clause 16, characterized in that the fuel tank of the engine starting heater is connected to at least one of the main fuel tanks and is located in the motor compartment in the reserved space, and its capacity provides movement in case of full fuel consumption from the main tanks armored car at a distance of at least 100 km. 18. Armored car according to claim 1, characterized in that in addition to the front of the engine compartment of the vehicle in the reserved space there is a traction winch with the issuance of the cable forward. 19. The armored car according to claim 1, characterized in that in addition to the front of the habitable compartment there are two energy-absorbing seats of increased comfort for the driver and the senior car, while in the rear of the habitable compartment along the sides there are two rows of separate seats for 8 people.