PT93592A - PREPARATION PROCESS AND PHYTOSANITARY COMPOSITIONS BASED ON NATURAL CARBOXYLIC ACIDS, AMINO ACIDS AND VITAMINS AND PLANT TREATMENT - Google Patents

Description

70-85

Pat 911 / 1-90Ch-PT

DESCRIPTIVE MEMORY

Field of the invention and current state of the art

Fertilizers composed of microrganic material are distinguished by a particular multiplicity of microorganisms, their metabolic products and other organic and inorganic compounds. In addition to their importance as organic fertilizers, they have long been attributed positive effects on the health status of plants. Thus, it is reported that extracts of fertilizers, tree bark compounds, have fungicidal and fungistatic effects against several soil Phytophthora species. Extracts of compound fertilizers are generally fermentation products of plants and plant remains, animal waste, brown seaweeds, or mixtures thereof. It is already known that aqueous extracts or broths squeezed from fermented organic substances develop a phytosanitary activity if they are applied to the green parts of plants, such as leaves, stems, plant fruits or seeds. On these effects, see H. C. Weltzien et al in " Nachrichtenblatt deutscher Pflanzenschutz ", (Braunschweig), 39, 1987, page 25 ff. The results of experiments carried out according to this article show the positive effects, often presumed, of compound fertilizers or extracts of compound fertilizers, respectively, on the health status of plants. The extracts have been shown to induce resistance mechanisms in the treated plants and / or to directly influence the pathogenic microorganisms.

In addition, there are known complementary substances, which many microorganisms need for their nutrition, in addition to minerals and sources of carbon, nitrogen and energy. These are part of the basic components of the cell, and can not be synthesized by some microorganisms, from the simple constructive elements. These components include amino acids, carboxylic acids, purines, pyrimidines, carbohydrates, as well as vitamins. As regards -3- 70 858

Pat 911 / l-90Ch-EN to their function and concentration, the complementary substances differ markedly from the nutrient substances.

The abovementioned possibilities of reducing, or eliminating or preventing disease on plants or parts of plants by means of composite fertilizers or compound fertilizer extracts are not yet satisfactory.

A number of mixtures of substances are known to have a phytosanitary effect. Thus SU-1446155A discloses an agent containing an amino acid, a purine and a vitamin.

This agent serves as an additive to the tissue culture nutrient solution, to achieve a regeneration of the plant organs and a reinforcement of the new plants. It is not intended to be used for the protection of the plant and for application to the surface parts of the plant. EP-A-0 253 714 relates to mixtures of 2 components, with a pyrimidine and alanine derivative, or a derivative thereof, capable of acting as fungicides. EP-A-0 044 244 relates to the combination of chlorocholine chloride and " Metabolic additives " (also vitamins, amino acids, purines, pyrimidines, carboxylic acids). Neither chloroquinoline chloride nor metabolic additives alone are attributed any fungicidal effect. DD-A-63,669 relates to a systemic fungicide which contains a combination of a part of a glycine derivative and from 0.02 to 26 parts of an N-substituted adenine. Only one purine (adenine) and one amino acid (glycine) is used. WO 79/00838 relates to agronomically useful chemicals, such as fungicides, herbicides and plant growth regulators, one or more of the following additives being used: carbohydrates, organic acids (especially fatty acids), vitamins and coenzymes , purine and pyrimidine nucleosides and nucleotides, natural fats and oils, certain amino acids and plant growth regulators, in the case that these agrochemicals are not growth regulators themselves. DE-A-26 25 398 relates to an agent and a process for stimulating the germination of potato, this necessarily containing an amino acid in the form of cysteine and a purine in the form of kinetin. 70

Pat 911 / 1-90Ch-PT

Description of the invention:

The above-mentioned agents do not clearly state how a plant protection agent could generally be prepared to make as many application possibilities as possible available. This also applies to the abovementioned possibilities of reducing, or eliminating or avoiding, through compound fertilizers or compound fertilizer extracts, the onset of diseases in plants or parts of plants. The present invention is therefore based on the need to find a solution to this situation. The solution according to the invention consists of a phytosanitary agent comprising I) natural carboxylic acids or salts thereof and / or at least two amino acids or salts thereof, II) purines and / or derivatives thereof, particularly nucleosides, nucleotides and salts thereof, and / or pyrimidines and / or derivatives thereof, particularly nucleosides, nucleotides and salts thereof, as well as salts of purines and pyrimidines, and III) vitamins or their derivatives or precursors, which is prepared by mixing about 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of each of the compounds of group I), with from about 0.001 to 1 part by weight of each of the compounds of group II) and about 0.001 to 1 part by weight of each of the compounds of group III). The central idea of the phytosanitary agent according to the invention is thus to include, in the composition of substances described above, qualitatively and quantitatively at least two amino acids or their salts. It is preferred, in this case, to use three, four or also more amino acids, or their salts. In this way it becomes possible to apply very broadly this agent with the desired phytosanitary effect. It has been found that in certain applications the requirement of two or more amino acids can be dispensed with, which aspect will be further elaborated later. 70-85

Pat 911 / 1-90Ch-PT

The effects due to the incorporation in the plant protection agent according to the invention of at least two amino acids can be illustrated technologically as follows: the phytosanitary activity of such agents on the leaf surface is based on the promotion of non-pathogenic micro-organisms. The cultivated microorganisms can suppress pathogenic fungi or bacteria, either indirectly by nutrient competition or directly, by antagonism, thereby causing the phytosanitary effect. In this context, as possible positive microorganisms, for example, Pseudomonas and bacillus species, as well as various yeasts, are known. Numerous microorganisms of other species may be of interest. These microorganisms have different nutrient requirements, too, for different amino acids. Consequently it responds to its nutrient requirements by offering different amino acids, especially two or more, in the respective agent. Research into the nutrient requirements of all positive activity microorganisms on the leaf surface, taking into account the needs of pathogenic microorganisms, is possible in a plant pathogenic system and beyond. The combination of nutrient substances thus determined is a compromise between the maximum possible development of the antagonists and the competitors and the greatest impediment to the promotion of pathogenic fungi and bacteria. The number of proteinogenic amino acids (21) is essentially higher than that of vitamins (11), purines (4), pyrimidines (3) or carboxylic acids (11) of particular interest, not counting their routes and derivatives. The probability that the presence of two or more amino acids is advantageous is therefore essentially greater than in the case of vitamins, purines, pyrimidines or carboxylic acids. It is further known that the microorganisms of the leaves live in close symbiosis with the plant. Plants, however, secrete amino acids massively - both through the roots as well as through the leaves. In the evolutionary adaptation of the microorganisms to the specific conditions of the leaf surface, the amino acids play an important role. This could have 70-85

Pat 91l / l-90Ch-PT led the microorganisms from the leaves to the particular need for amino acids.

Particularly the object of the present invention is also the use of the phytosanitary agent according to the invention, described above, for the treatment of the exposed parts of the plants and the products of the harvest, particularly for the prophylaxis and fight against diseases of plants of the increase and consolidation of yield. In this field of application, as will be described later, it is then particularly advantageous to apply, in admixture with the agent according to the invention, fermentation products obtained from plants or plant remains, brown seaweed, animal waste or mixtures thereof, enriched with micro-organisms, in particular with single-celled bacteria, yeasts, fungi and algae. Within the limits of these advantageous application possibilities (with or without fermentation products), the value of the invention is revealed especially when the respective agent is applied in the fight against Phytophthora infestans. Botrytis cinerea. Winemaking Plasmopara. Erysiphe graminis, Uncinula necator. Tilletia sp. and Pseudopeziza tracheiphila.

When fermentation products are mixed with the phytosanitary agent according to the invention, the proportion of the mixture usually plays no decisive role. As a general recommendation, in this case a proportion of the dry matter mixture of about 1 part by weight of plant protection agent according to the invention may be indicated for 100 to 10000, in particular 300 to 3000, parts by weight of fermentation product in relation to the dry matter.

In the above-mentioned advantageous fields of application, for the treatment of surface parts of the plant and of products of the crop, particularly for the prophylaxis and control of diseases of plants of biotic origin, as regards increase and consolidation of yield, including also fermentation products and the like, namely for the control of Phytophthora infestans. Botrytis cinerea. Winemaking Plasmopara. Erysiphe graminis, Uncinula necator, Tilletia sp. and 70 708

Pat 911 / 1-90Ch-PT tracheiphila. , it has also been found that satisfactory results can be obtained if the abovementioned requirement of applying to the phytosanitary agent according to the invention at least two or more amino acids is dispensed with the composition according to the invention containing only an amino acid or a salt thereof. Accordingly, it is also an object of the present invention to use a phytosanitary agent of the above-mentioned composition with components I), II) and III), in which only one amino acid or a salt thereof is used. In carrying out the present invention, subject to the above basic conditions, the procedure is preferably as follows: in the case where the plant protection agent according to the invention contains only one compound of group I), its amount and on the basis thereof and taking into account the above-mentioned basic conditions, the respective amounts of the individual compounds of groups II) and III) are determined. In the case where group I) contains several compounds, it is convenient to base the individual compound occupying an average place within the group I) as regards weight. If, in the phytosanitary agent according to the invention, there are two or more compounds of group I) it is convenient to base the average value thereof. Each individual compound of groups II) and III) is listed, within the indicated amount limits, with the amount of the compound of group I) taken as the base. This means, for example, that, for group II), for 0.001 to 1 part by weight of an individual compound A), and 0.001 to 1 part by weight of an individual compound B) etc., if they have 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of the fixed amount of a compound of group I).

Preferably, about 0.1 to 5 parts by weight, in particular about 0.5 to 5 parts by weight, of an individual compound of group I) are used as the base. Preferred are the following amino acids: L-aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, L-histidine, L-arginine, L-alanine, L-serine, D- and / or L-tryptophan, L-tyrosine D- and / or L-phenylalanine, L-asparagine, L-lysine, L-methionine, L-threonine, D- and / or L-glutamine, L-proline, L-hydroxylproline, D-8-70 858

Pat 911 / 1-90Ch-PT and / or L-valine, L-leucine, L-glycine, L-cystine, and L-isoleucine. In the case where carboxylic acids are included, it is preferred that the agent according to the invention contains at least one of the following natural carboxylic acids or their salts: pyruvic acid, lactic acid, oxalic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, malonic acid, propionic acid, fumaric acid, α-ketoglutaric acid, glutaric acid and maleic acid. The advantageous choice of a purine or pyrimidine, respectively, is for the phytosanitary agent to contain at least one of the following compounds in the form of adenine, guanine, hypozantine (purines), cytosine, thymine and uracil ( pyrimidines), or derivatives thereof, in particular nucleosides, nucleotides or salts. The optimization with regard to the application of the vitamins can be carried out by choosing at least one vitamin in the form of thiamine, biotin, nicotinic acid, calcium pantothenate, pyridoxine hydrochloride, riboflavin, para-aminobenzoic acid, palmitate of retinol (retinol), choline, cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12) and folic acid, or derivatives thereof, salts and precursors. Herein, it is preferred that the vitamins pyridoxine hydrochloride, riboflavin, retinol palmitate, choline and folic acid, respectively, are always present in an amount of about 0.0001 to 1 mg / l, more preferably 0.06 ml / 1, the vitamins thiamine hydrochloride, nicotinic acid and calcium pantothenate respectively, in an amount of about 0.05 ml / 1, the vitamin para-aminobenzoic acid in an amount of about 0.012 mg / 1, the vitamin cyanocobalamin about 0.012 mg / l, and the vitamin biotin in an amount of about 0.0006 mg / l.

For the application of the phytosanitary agent according to the invention, the latter is preformed in an aqueous form. The following concentrations are preferred: at least one individual amino acid or carboxylic acid, respectively, in an amount of about 0.01 to 10 mg / 1, in particular 0.1 to 1 mg / 1, at least one purine or pyrimidine respectively, in an amount of about 0.0001 to 1 mg / 1, in particular 0.006 mg / 1, and at least one individual vitamin, respectively, in a 70-858

An amount of about 0.0001 to 1 mg / l of aqueous agent is present. It is convenient to improve this phytosanitary agent according to the invention by the dosage of the individual purines or pyrimidines, always in an amount of about 0.001 to 0.1 mg / l, in particular 0.006 mg / l, the individual amino acids or individual carboxylic acids in a the amount of about 0.1 to 1 mg / 1, more preferably 0.3 mg / 1, the individual vitamins pyridoxine hydrochloride, riboflavin, retinol palmitate, choline and folic acid, always in an amount of about 0.0002 to 1 mg / 1, in particular 0.06 mg / 1, the individual vitamins thiamine hydrochloride, nicotinic acid and calcium pantothenate, always in an amount of about 0.05 ml / 1, the vitamin para-aminobenzoic acid in an amount from about 0.012 mg / 1, the vitamin cyanocobalamin in an amount of about 0.012 mg / 1, and the vitamin biotin in an amount of about 0.0006 mg / 1.

In individual cases it may be advantageous to apply the phytosanitary agent in capped form. With respect to the wall of the capsule there is no particular restriction. This should not have a harmful effect on the environment and should also make it possible, through the action of moisture, to obtain the dosage of the phytosanitary agent included. In this way, it is possible to spread it systematically precisely in its place of action, so that there is no loss of effectiveness on surfaces where plants are not found. Long-term activity is achieved by the capsulation. Examples of suitable capsules may be those of liposomal materials, such as phosphoric lipids.

With particular advantage, the invention may be used for the treatment of plants and plant parts, in particular for the prophylaxis and control of diseases of plants of biotic origin. As diseases of plants of special importance it is possible to name Phytophthora infestans (late potato rust), Botrytis cinerea (gray mold), Plasmopara viticola (vine powder), Uneinula necator (vine mildew),

vine). THE

Erysiphe graminis (cereal medium), ustilago (Tilletia sp.). and Pseudopeziza tracheiphila (anthracnose from -10-70,858

The application of the phytosanitary agent according to the invention is also advantageous in the particular case of no phytosanitary purpose, but only an increase and consolidation of yield of cultivated plants is desired.

The phytosanitary agents according to the invention may, in particular cases, in combination with compound fertilizer extracts have increased effects on disease control and inhibition, or on enhancement and consolidation of yield. At this time, it is possible to mix the compound fertilizer extract immediately after it has been obtained in the aqueous form with a phytosanitary agent according to the invention in aqueous form and then apply the mixture immediately. It is also possible to dry the compost extract by freezing and mixing it with the phytosanitary agent according to the invention in the form of a powder. The proportion of the blend in this case is not problematic. There are other possibilities of taking advantage of the combined effect of the compound extract and the phytosanitary agent according to the invention. This can be achieved by adding the phytosanitary agents according to the invention to the fermented organic substances during extraction. During the course of the extraction, the components of the phytosanitary agent according to the invention are subjected to a certain decomposition or a certain transformation, so that the composition of the extracts, which are obtained in this way and which, finally, to be applied, differs from that of the phytosanitary agent itself. Despite this change, the same biochemical effects are obtained which are obtained in the exclusive application of the phytosanitary agent according to the invention. It is, for each particular case, whether the phytosanitary agent according to the invention has, in its exclusive application, a better efficacy than the combination of phytosanitary agent / compost extract. Overall, there are therefore multiple possibilities for the application of the phytosanitary agent according to the invention. The agent which will have the greatest effect can be found in a particular case, by means of an assay -11- 70 858

Pat 911 / l-90Ch-PT preliminary simple. In this assay, the host / parasite system used plays an essential role. The aspect of the tris discussed above (regulation of fermentation, application together with extracts of compound fertilizers, or exclusive application) which will be particularly advantageous in a particular case can be determined by a standard test procedure which is adjusted to the organism respective cultivation. As a test object, the plant to be protected with its harmful organism is always used.

In the production of the combination of compound fertilizer extract / phytosanitary agent, for example, the following may be carried out as follows: 10 parts by weight of an aqueous solution of the phytosanitary agent according to the invention about 0.3 mg of active substance in one liter of water) to one part by weight of compound fertilizer. In principle, any type of compound fertilizer may be used. Also suitable are, in particular, composite fertilizers of the commercial type, such as the product " Biokuhdung " of the company Backhus. The mixture of phytosanitary agent and compound fertilizer is agitated once after mixing. The temperature during extraction is preferably about 18 to 25 ° C. It takes about 1 to 30 days, depending on the host / parasite system. Upon completion of the extraction, filtration is followed through a cloth or through another filter of similar porosity (no aseptic filtration). The extracts are used directly after filtration, or stored and stored by lyophilization or other methods. In principle, the expert is not subject to any essential restrictions as regards the combination of compost extract / phytosanitary agent extract. The above-described method can be modified in many ways.

By the addition of specific phytosanitary agents according to the invention together with the extracts of compound fertilizers it becomes possible to systematically promote microorganisms of relevant effect from the multiplicity of the microorganisms that live in the compound fertilizers. In this way, it is possible to regulate the fermentation process during the extraction, or the fermentation is

Pat 911 / l-90Ch-PT performed thereafter. The application of the phytosanitary agent according to the invention either alone or in combination with the compound extract directly to the leaves (or other parts of the plant) achieves the phytosanitary effect as follows: a) systematic promotion of the antagonists and / or competitors and thus a phasing out of harmful organisms; b) induced resistance in which both the phytosanitary agent according to the invention acts directly and the products of the metabolism of the promoted microorganisms as inductors, and c) perturbation of the mechanism of recognition between the harmful organism and the cultivated plant , through biochemical or physical reactions. It may be applied exclusively in the aqueous form in combination with aqueous extracts of compound fertilizers or juices squeezed from compound fertilizers in combination with lyophilizates of compound fertilizers resuspended or with similar products. It applies mainly to the surface parts of the plant or seeds, or to the underground parts of the plant. In the treatment of seeds the following application forms are possible: seed baths with the treatment agents, coating with extracts of compound fertilizers, with mixtures of the plant protection agent according to the invention with carrier substances, or application in capsules of the form already described.

In the host / parasite system of Botrytis cinerea-fei.jo-. A 60% reduction in the appearance of the disease was obtained with a pure extract of compound fertilizer while, with the combination of compound fertilizer extract / phytosanitary agent according to the invention (addition of the phytosanitary agent after the addition of the phytosanitary agent). compost extract), an 80% reduction in disease onset was obtained. The respective values in the host / parasite system of Phytophthora infestans-tomato were 80% and 90%, respectively (laboratory tests). The host / parasite systems of strawberry-Botrytis cinerea. potato-Phytophthora infestans. barley-Erysiphe graminis. vine-Plasmopara viticola, and vine-Uncinula necator showed, by treatment with a combination according to the invention of extract of compound fertilizer / phytosanitary agent, in 70858

Reduction in the onset of disease by 50%, 85%, 50-60%, 76-96%, and 70-80%, respectively, and increases in yield 20 to 40 or 95%, respectively, for the strawberry host-parasite system-Botrytis cinerea and potato-Phytophthora infestans ♦ The host / parasite systems of strawberry-Botrytis cinerea, potato-Phytophthora infestans and vine-Plasmopara viticola were tested in outdoor field trials, while the other host / parasite systems were oven-tested.

The results show that the advantages which can be achieved with the invention are that the plants or parts of plants, such as seeds or fruits, are protected against the onset of disease, from being eliminated or from organisms toxic or biocidal products. In certain particular cases there has also been a repellent effect of animal parasites (mites). With the agents according to the invention, quantitative and qualitative improvements can also be achieved in the yields of the cultivated plants. The notion of " plant " must be understood in this context very broadly, comprising plants, or parts of plants, live and also dead, leaves, stems, fruits or seeds, and underground organs, and also, for example, wood or the like. The invention will now be illustrated in more detail by way of several examples:

Example

It was intended to ascertain whether the phytosanitary mixtures according to the invention, applied exclusively or mixed with extracts of compound fertilizers, had some efficacy in the affected plants in relation to the appearance of the disease Phytophthora infestans (plant: tomato ) and Botrytis cinerea (gray mold) (plant: common bean). The following phytosanitary mixtures were used here in both cases:

1) Aqueous phytosanitary solution according to the invention having activity against Phytophthora infestansi L-aspartic acid 300 w / l L-glutamic acid (Pg / l L-hitidine II pg / l L- L-threonine II pg / l D, L-glutamine II m / i L-proline 11 pg / l L-asparagine Ff pg / l L-asparagine -hydroxyproline 11æg / l ♦ uracil 6æg / l hypoxanthine 11æg / l riboflavin 60μg / l retinol II palmitate m / i choline ffm / folic acid fp / l para-aminobenzoic acid 12æg / pg / i 2) Phytosanitary agent in aqueous compound fertilizer extract with activity against Phytophthora infestans: L-aspartic acid 300 Pg / l L-glutamic acid flp / l L-histidine II pg / l L-arginine II ng / l D-L-valine II pg / l L-leucine 1 μg / l L-cystine 11 μl L-isoleucine fp / g adenine sulphate 6 μg / l guanine hydrochloride f / ml cytosine 1 μg / 15-70 858

Pat 911/1 -90Ch-PT thymine 6 Mg / 1 thiamine hydrochloride 50 μg / l biotin 0.6 μg / 1 nicotinic acid 50 μg / l calcium pantothenate 50 μg / l pyridoxine hydrochloride 60 μg / l Phytosanitary agent in Compound extract with activity against Botrytis cinerea: aqueous compound L-aspartic acid 300 pg / l L-glutamic acid (μg / l L-histidine, 1 pg / l L-arginine flm / 1 D, L-valine tf 1 g / l L-leucine II pg / l L-cystine 1 g / l L-isoleucine 2 g / l Adenine sulfate 6 Âμg / l guanine hydrochloride II pg / ml cytosine thiamine hydrochloride 50 Pg / L biotin 0.6 Wg / l nicotinic acid 50 Wg / L calcium pantothenate 50 pg / l pyridoxine hydrochloride 60 pg / 4) Phytosanitary agent in aqueous extract of compound fertilizer with activity against Plasmopara viticola and Vucinula necator on the vine. L-aspartic acid 300 pg / l L-glutamic acid " pg / l L-histidine " pg / l L-arginine " ug / l D, L-valine " μg / 1 -16- 70 858

Pat 911 / l-90Ch-PT L-leucine 300 Bg / l L-cystine tb Bgl / l L-isoleucine Tg / l Adenine sulfate 6 Bg / l guanine hydrochloride »Hg / l cytosine It ng / i thymine Bg / l riboflavin 60 ng / l retinol palmitate II Bg / l choline II Bg / l folic acid tbg / l para-aminobenzoic acid 12 Bg / l cyanocobalamin II Bg / l preparation of the leaves was done as follows: cv bean cultivated Marona in greenhouse. For the assay, the major leaves were evaluated after about 14 days and the secondary leaves after about 3 to 4 weeks. After this, a few individual leaves of the same age were cut and placed in a dish with blotting paper impregnated with water. Particular importance was attached to ensuring that the surface of the bean leaves was absolutely dry. Cultivation of tomato plants, lasting about 5 to 6 weeks, lasted much longer.

In the tomato leaves inoculation was performed with a suspension of 70,000 sporangia / ml, via a pumping spray, on the underside of the leaves. After inoculation the temperature was decreased for about 12 to 14 hours to a value of about 12 to 14 o C to ensure optimal outflow of the zoospores and thus the success of the infection. Then, for 7 days, a temperature of about 20 ° C, per day, and 17 ° C was maintained at night, with an alternation of light / dark. until the test. The inoculation of Botrytis was done at the same time as the application of the extracts. In this case, for one drop of compound fertilizer extract / phytosanitary agent of 0.015 ml, the same amount of a spore suspension (10 / ml in 0.5-17-70-858

Pat 911 / l-90Ch-PT-15 malt extract solution). The preparation of the extract was done as follows: the respective phytosanitary agent (in the aqueous form) was diluted 1:10. 10 parts by weight of this solution was used for one part of composite fertilizer. This mixture was stirred vigorously once after addition and then once a week. The extraction conditions, in terms of temperature and illumination, corresponded to the test conditions. The amount of extract necessary for the treatment was obtained by filtration of the mixture, immediately after stirring, through a cloth or a coffee filter.

In order to detect partial effects due to the induced resistance, both the pure phytosanitary agent and the pure phytosanitary agent / extract mixture were applied to the intact plant. In this case, tomato plants were sprinkled with the compound fertilizer extract / phytosanitary agent 2) until drip was observed and, in order to guarantee the microorganisms thus applied good possibilities of survival, that is, for their establishment in the leaves, they were stored the plants for three days in an air-conditioned room with a very high atmospheric humidity (day 20qc, night 18 ° C, dark period of 7-20 hours). As a control, a treatment with water (with 0.5 - 1% malt extract in the case of Botrytis) was first used and in the case of Phytophthora. as were other controls, the application of fresh phytosanitary agents 1) and 2), making it possible to evaluate the direct effect of the phytosanitary agent on the development of the disease. The evaluation was carried out on tomato leaves treated with phytosanitary agent 1) and 2) by a " bonitur " in percentages, helping to evaluate a " bonitur " according to C. James (Canadian Plant Disease Survey 51, 1971). In the case of Botrytis (plant: common bean), it was estimated the extension of the lesions of the leaves or their increase, respectively, besides the limitation of the drops. For the accounting adjustment a variance analysis and a Duncan test were performed. 70 858

Pat 911 / 1-90Ch-PT

Result

Phytophthora (panta: tomato) assay The blend of compound fertilizer / phytosanitary agent (blend 2) and the pure phytosanitary agent 1), respectively, had a good efficacy against Phytophthora. This was clearly superior to the efficacy of pure compost extract. Numerically, the effectiveness can be indicated as follows: untreated tomato leaves were 80% affected by late rust by Phytophthora. Compound fertilizer extracts alone achieved an 80% reduction in disease onset and pure phytosanitary agent 1) alone and agent 2), respectively, reduced the onset of the disease to 5%.

Botrytis tests (plant: common bean)

In this case, a particularly good efficacy has been found in the case of the phytosanitary agent 3). A mixture of agent 3) with compost extracts resulted in a reduction in the onset of 85% disease, while the compost extracts alone reduced the appearance of Botrytis by only 60%.

Phytophthora test (plant: potato, test in practice) The application in the outdoor field was in the form of spray treatments, which were repeated during the vegetation period every 7 to 10 days. Phytosanitary agent 1) showed a similar effect to pure compost extracts, reducing the appearance of Phytophthora by about 45%. The blend of compound fertilizer extract and phytosanitary agent (2) reduced the onset of the disease by 80%.

Outdoor field test Phytosanitary agent 4) showed, in test 70 858

Pat 911/1-90Ch-EN-19-viticulture, a good efficacy. Spraying of vines with this agent resulted in a reduction in the appearance of the mildew fungus by more than 50%. A " bonitur " of the appearance by Pseudopeziza tracheiphila resulted in a significant reduction of the onset of this disease of about 30%.

Claims (13)

A process for the preparation of a plant protection agent, comprising: (I) natural carboxylic acids or their salts and / or at least two amino acids or salts thereof, (II) purines and / or derivatives thereof and / or pyrimidines and / or derivatives thereof and III) vitamins or derivatives or their precursors, characterized in that about 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of each of the compounds of group I) 0.001 to 1 part by weight of each of the compounds of group II) and with about 0.001 to 1 part by weight of each of the compounds of group III). Process according to claim 1, characterized in that the agent contains at least three or four amino acids or salts thereof. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that about 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of each of the compounds of group I) are present in the agent. A process according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the agent contains at least one of the following amino acids or their salts: L-aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, L-histidine, L-arginine , L-alanine, L-serine, D- and / or L-tryptophan, L-tyrosine, D- and / or L-phenylalanine, L-asparagine, L-lysine, L-methionine, L-threonine, D- and L-glutamine, L-proline, L-hydroxylproline, D- and / or L-valine, L-leucine, L-glycine, L-cystine and L-isoleucine. Process according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the agent contains at least one of the following natural carboxylic acids or their salts: pyruvic acid, lactic acid, oxalic acid, malic acid, succinic acid, malonic acid , propionic acid, fumaric acid, α-ketoglutaric acid, glutaric acid and maleic acid. Process according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the agent contains at least one of the following compounds in the form of adenine , guanine, hypoxanthine (purines), respectively, cytosine, thymine and uracil (pyrimidines) or salts thereof. Process according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the agent contains at least one vitamin in the form of thiamine, biotin, nicotinic acid, calcium pantothenate, pyridoxine, riboflavin, aminobenzoic acid, retinol palmitate, choline, cyanocobalamin (vitamin B) 2) > and folic acid, or in the form of their derivatives or precursors. A process according to claim 7, characterized in that the agent is in the form of an aqueous solution. A process according to claim 8, characterized in that the agent contains each of the amino acids (at least two amino acids) in an amount of about 0.01 to 10 mg / l, particularly 0.1 to 1 mg / l , at least each of the purines or pyrimides respectively in an amount of about 0.0001 to 1 mg / l and at least each of the vitamins in an amount of about 0.0001 to 1 mg / l agent aqueous. A process according to claim 9, wherein each of the purines or pyrimidines is present respectively in an amount of from about 0.001 to 0.1 mg / l, particularly 0.006 mg / l, each of the amino acids or carboxylic acids The present invention also relates to the use of natural vitamins, such as pyridoxine hydrochloride, riboflavin, retinol palmitate, choline and folic acid, in an amount of from about 0.1 to 1 mg / l, particularly 0.3 mg / l. about 0.0002 to 1 mg / l, particularly 0.06 mg / l, each of the vitamins, thiamine hydrochloride, nicotinic acid, calcium pantothenate, is present in an amount of about 0.05 mg / l, a vitamin para-aminobenzoic acid is present in an amount of about 0.012 mg / l, the vitamin cyanocobalamin is present in an amount of about 0.0012 mg / l and the vitamin biotin is present in an amount of about 0.0006 mg / 1. ? 0 858 Parent 911/1-90Ch-PT 11. Process for the treatment of aerial parts of the plant and of the products of the harvest, in particular for the prophylaxis and control of diseases of plants of biotic origin, no.2ieadanssn.te by Phytophthora infestans. Botrvtis cineres. P1 asiannhta vi 1 i çola, Erysiphe graminis. Une i nu la necator, Tilletia sp. . In order to increase and assure the yield, characterized in that the agent obtained according to the invention is applied. at least one of the preceding claims to said plant parts and / or crop products. A method as claimed in claim 11 wherein the agent obtained according to claims 1 to 10 is applied simultaneously with plant fermentation products or plant remains, brown seaweeds. animal waste or mixtures thereof, enriched with micro-organisms. especially bacteria, yeasts, fungi and unicellular algae. A process according to claim 11 or claim 1, characterized in that only the single amido acid or one of its salts is used in the phytosanitary agent. Lisbon. By BTC BIOTECHNIK INTERNATIONAL GmbH - THE OFFICIAL AGENT - THE ATTACHMENT