PL241683B1 - Thermal insulation system of a building - Google Patents

Abstract

Thermal insulation system for a building comprising at least two overlapping layers (100) of thermal insulation, each of said layers of thermal insulation consisting of two foils (110, 120) overlapping and permanently connected to form pockets (130) each of the pockets (130) containing synthetic fibers, characterized in that at least one of said layers (100) comprises a separating foil (150) partly permanently butt-joined to the foil of one layer (100) so as to define a set of bubbles (156) such that each pair of adjacent layers (100) is separated by a set of bubbles.

Description

Description of the invention

GENERAL TECHNICAL FIELD

The subject of the invention is a building thermal insulation system in the field of multi-layer insulating products, intended especially but not exclusively for thermal and acoustic insulation of buildings.

STATE OF TECHNOLOGY

The thermal insulation of a building is a fundamental aspect for its energy consumption.

The various existing solutions generally address several issues, particularly in terms of space, weight, cost and ease of installation, and in terms of certainty of thermal performance, especially with regard to air infiltration, which requires separating traditional fiber insulation with under-roof and vapor barrier covers.

These different solutions, however, generally lead, in order to optimize the response to one of these issues, to making concessions to other issues.

The present description aims to improve such a system by favoring the formation of air gaps and their uniformity, while simplifying the assembly constraints for the formation of such air gaps.

PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

Thermal insulation system for a building, comprising at least two overlapping layers of thermal insulation, each of said layers of thermal insulation consisting of two primary films superimposed and permanently connected in the form of pockets, each of the pockets containing synthetic fibers, according to the invention characterized in that it further comprises at least one separating foil consisting of two elementary foils partly permanently connected to each other, wherein an alternation of permanently connected and unconnected fragments is formed between the two elementary foils, wherein airtight cavities are formed, said the separating foil is at least partially permanently butt-joined to one base foil of one of the layers, and the sealing cavities extend from the base foil of each of the pockets, and the sealing cavities are spaced between adjacent layers.

Preferably, the separating foil is partly fixedly connected to the foil constituting said layer, an alternation of parts permanently connected to the foil constituting this layer and parts not connected to said base foil constituting this layer is formed.

Preferably, each layer has a separating foil partly permanently connected to one of the foils constituting said layer, these layers being superimposed, with a single separating foil interposed between two adjacent layers.

Preferably, said sealed cavities are filled with a gas among the following gases: air, nitrogen, oxygen, argon, xenon, neon, carbon dioxide.

Preferably, the films composing said layers are permanently connected by means of a seam, a heat seal, an adhesive joint or a crumple zone.

Preferably, the synthetic fibers comprise polyester fibers, typically having a linear density comprised between 0.2 and 25 Denier, more specifically between 0.5 and 15 Denier, or more specifically between 3 and 12 Denier.

Preferably, the system further comprises at least one sheathing membrane on at least one side of the layers.

According to the invention, the separating foil, which is partly permanently connected in contact with the base foil of the layer, thus defines the structure forming the gas separator, wherein gas is enclosed in the thus formed sealed cavities or bubbles. This structure can be thermoformed.

As mentioned above, the separating foil may consist of two elementary foils partly permanently connected to each other so as to create an alternation of permanently connected and non-connected fragments between the two elementary foils. In this case, bubbles are formed between said unbonded portions, and the whole of the "separating film" thus formed may be permanently bonded, partially or not, to the base film.

The fact that the separating foil is partly permanently connected means that sealed cavities or bubbles are obtained by this partial permanent connection, whether it is a partial

PL 241 683 B1 a permanent connection of the separating foil with the base foil of the layer, or a partial permanent connection of two elementary foils that make up the separating foil.

In one embodiment of the invention, each layer has a release foil partly permanently connected to one of the base foils constituting said layer, the layers being superimposed so that a single release foil (comprising one or two elementary foils) is inserted between two adjacent layers.

Said sealed cavities or bubbles are filled with a gas selected from the following gases: air, nitrogen, oxygen, argon, xenon, neon, carbon dioxide.

In one embodiment of the invention, the films composing the layers are permanently connected by stitching, gluing, welding or calendering, being staggered or not relative to each other.

As mentioned, the synthetic fibers preferably comprise polyester fibers, typically having a linear density comprised between 0.2 and 25 Denier, more specifically between 0.5 and 15 Denier, or more specifically between 3 and 12 Denier.

A thermal insulation system as proposed further typically includes at least one membrane forming a shield on at least one side of the layers. It is therefore possible to provide two membranes forming an overall covering around the layers, or a membrane covering one side of one of the layers in a partial covering manner, with the opposite side of the second layer also acting as a membrane.

PRESENTATION OF FIGURES

Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will emerge from the following description, which is purely exemplary and non-limiting, and should be taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which figures 1 to 3 show some examples of a thermal insulation system according to the invention.

In all figures, common elements are indicated by identical reference numerals. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Figures 1 to 4 show some examples of a thermal insulation system according to the invention.

The system according to the invention consists of layers of thermal insulation. Figure 1 schematically shows an example of a layer.

The layer 100 as shown consists of two overlapping primary films 110 and 120.

The two films 110 and 120 are permanently connected so as to form pockets 130; the permanent connection between the two films 110 and 120 is thus made in such a way as to define the portions at which the two films 110 and 120 are not permanently connected, these portions defining the pockets 130.

The permanent connection between the two films 110 and 120 can be made by stitching, gluing, welding or calendering. It can be discrete or continuous, and in patterns of straight lines, curves or any other suitable course or pattern, such as a rhombic pattern.

The permanent connection may be made along a longitudinal and/or transverse direction, thus defining pockets which may be defined along their entire circumference or part of their circumference.

The central axis X100 of the layer 100 is shown schematically in Figure 1, this central axis X100 passing through the zones of permanent connection between the two films 110 and 120. This central axis X100 thus defines the longitudinal direction of the layer 100.

The pockets 130 have a maximum dimension measured along this central axis X100 of between 1 and 60 cm, more precisely between 2 and 20 cm, or still between 1 and 10 cm, or still equal to 5 cm.

This means, therefore, that the permanent connection zones between the two foils 110 and 120 are separated by a maximum distance of between 1 and 60 cm, more precisely between 1 and 20 cm, or still between 1 and 10 cm, or still equal to 5 cm along this central axis X100 .

Each of the pockets 130 contains synthetic fibers 140 in its interior space, the synthetic fibers thus filling at least partially the interior space of each pocket 130. The synthetic fibers typically have a three-dimensional structure; they are commonly referred to as conjugated by the term used in English. Such synthetic fibers having a three-dimensional structure allow swelling, which will be described later. The fibers are typically bi-material.

PL 241 683 B1

The pockets 130 may also include other features or materials typically used to improve thermal conductivity or insulation inertia.

The fibers 140 placed inside the pocket 130 are, for example, polyester or polyolefin fibers (polyethylene and/or polypropylene), optionally in combination with vegetable or animal fibers, for example wood, linen, wool fibers. In the case where the fibers 140 are polyester fibers, the fibers 140 typically have a linear density comprised between 0.2 and 25 Denier, more specifically between 0.5 and 15 Denier, or more specifically between 3 and 12 Denier.

The synthetic fibers 140 disposed within the pocket 130 may be hollow or solid fibers and may be coated with silicone.

The films 110 and 120 are typically metalized films based on polyethylene or polypropylene, the emissivity of which, measured on the metallised side according to EN16012, is typically between 0.02 and 0.2, more specifically between 0.05 and 0.07. The metallization is for example of aluminum.

The thermal insulation layer 100 typically has a surface density of between 20 and 250 g/ ^cm2 , more specifically between 20 and 110 g/ ^cm2 .

The thermal insulation layer 100 typically has a thickness of between 2 and 30 mm as measured according to EN 823 using a pressure of 25 Pa.

The separating foil 150 is partly permanently bonded to one of the foils constituting the layer 100 (the foil 120 in the example shown).

This separating foil 150 defines gas-filled bubbles, thus extending from the outside of the foil 120.

The separating foil 150 is partly permanently bonded to the foil 120, and may also be metallized and have an emissivity measured on the metallized side according to EN16012, typically between 0.02 and 0.2, more specifically between 0.05 and 0.07. Metallization can be of aluminum.

Thus, a distinction is made between permanently bonded portions 152 that are permanently bonded to the film 120, for example, by gluing, thermoforming, welding, or any other suitable method, and non-bonded portions 154, which in turn are not permanently bonded to the film 120. These portions are permanently bonded 152 and unconnected 154 are alternating such that the unconnected portions 154 are surrounded by permanently gas-tight connected portions 152.

The unconnected portions 154 typically have an area greater than their representation on the film 120 so as to define an internal gas-filled space and thus form bubbles 156 or sealed cavities.

The bubbles 156 are typically filled with air or another inert gas such as, for example, argon, xenon or carbon dioxide, or a mixture thereof with nitrogen. These various gases are particularly advantageous over air because of their lower thermal conductivity while remaining inert.

In a variant, each of the foils composing the layer 100 is partially permanently bonded to the separating foil so as to define gas-filled bubbles on both sides of the pockets 130 of the layer 100.

An insulation system as described is typically manufactured as follows.

120 film is supplied.

A separating film 150 is provided which is partly permanently bonded to the film 120, for example by thermoforming, so as to define bubbles or sealed cavities between the two films 120 and 150.

The whole created in this way can be classified as a "gas separator".

Fibers 140 and film 110 are then provided.

The film 110 is partially welded to the film 120 so as to form pockets 130 containing the fibers 140, thereby forming a layer 100 as described above.

As shown in FIG. 4, which is a view analogous to part of FIG. 2 according to one variant, the separating foil 150 may consist of two elementary foils 150A and 150B, partly permanently interconnected to form bubbles or sealed cavities between the two elementary foils. In other words, this release film may be preformed with bubbles and be permanently bonded, partially or not, to the film 120. In this case, the film 150 is, for example, thermoformed (the elemental film 150B is thermoformed and partly permanently bonded to the elementary film). 150A, which can be flat as in the example shown or also thermoformed) and the elemental foil 150A is partly permanently connected to the foil

PL 241 683 B1

120, for example by local welds 150'. However, it could be envisaged that the film 150A would be permanently bonded continuously to the film 120.

The insulation system according to one aspect of the invention comprises at least two layers 100 as described previously.

These layers 100 may be joined together by welding, stitching, gluing or calendering or any other suitable method.

Figure 2 therefore shows such a system comprising two layers 100 and 200. Figure 3 is a detail view of region III of figure 2, framed in figure 2. These two layers are typically as previously described with reference to figure 1. Reference numerals to the second the layers 200 are enlarged by 100 with respect to the references used with reference to figure 1.

As can be seen from this figure, both layers 100 and 200 are adjusted to overlap each other. Here they are identical and superimposed symmetrically with an offset along an axis perpendicular to the X100 axis of the first layer 100.

As can be seen from these figures, the bubbles 156 formed by the separating foil 150 thus make it possible to guarantee the spacing between the pockets 130 and 230 of the two layers 100 and 200.

Indeed, since the bubbles 156 inserted between both layers 100 and 200 are filled with gas, the latter will maintain a gap between the foil 120 of the first layer 100 and the foil 210 of the second layer 200.

This gap between the two layers 100 and 200 is thus formed by bubbles 156 but also by voids between two successive bubbles 156. These voids are filled with air from the surrounding environment.

Taking into account this alternation of bubbles 156 and void zones, the separating film 150 thus reliably creates an air gap between the pockets 130 and 230 of the two layers 100 and 200.

This spacing between the pockets 130 and 230 of the two layers 100 and 200 makes it possible to improve the thermal insulation properties of the system. The air gap thus formed by the successive bubbles 156 and the void zones essentially acts as insulation. The proposed assembly consequently has thermal insulation properties superior to a similar assembly which would be devoid of the separating foil 150.

By way of example, the applicant has realized products in which assemblies consisting of films 110 and 120 and fibers 140 have a thermal conductivity of between 29 and 36 Wm -1.K ^-1 , while an ^assembly composed of films 120 and a separating film 150 and so formed 156 bubbles have a ^{thermal conductivity of 28 Wm -1.K -1 .} In this example, the bubbles are air bubbles, and the foil 150 consists of two elementary foils 150A and 150B, the elementary foil 150B being metallised. The formation of air bubbles 156 thus reduces the thermal conductivity of the assembly to a value close to that of air.

The bubbles 156 further reliably form an air gap between the layers 100 and 200, ensuring a minimum spacing between the pockets 130 and 230 of both adjacent layers.

In the embodiment shown in Figure 2, both layers 100 and 200 may be arranged such that their respective separating films 150 and 250 are both inserted between the pockets 130 and 230 of both layers 100 and 200. In this configuration, the volume of gas formed between the pockets 130 and 230 of both layers 100 and 200 can be significantly increased.

It is to be understood that the thermal insulation system may include any number of overlapping layers, the example shown in Figures 2 and 3 showing two layers 100 and 200 is not limiting. For example, a thermal insulation system comprising 3 or 4 superimposed layers, or more generally any suitable number of layers, can be proposed to achieve the desired thermal insulation properties when at least one separating foil is inserted between two successive layers.

The individual layers comprising the insulation system are typically sandwiched between two membranes forming a sheath around the layers so as to facilitate handling of the system, or covered with a membrane on only one side, with the film forming the other side acting as a membrane on said other side.

An insulation system as proposed is typically mounted between two elements such as rafters. The sections of the insulation system between two successive sets of rafters thus have an air gap structure due to the bubbles formed by the separating foil.

Claims (7)

Patent claims A thermal insulation system for a building comprising at least two overlapping layers (100, 200) of thermal insulation, each of said layers of thermal insulation consisting of two primary films (110, 120) superimposed and permanently connected in the form of pockets (130), each of the pockets (130) containing synthetic fibers (140), characterized in that it further comprises at least one separating foil (150) consisting of two elementary foils partly permanently connected to each other, an alternation is formed portions permanently bonded and portions not bonded between two elementary films, sealed cavities (156) being formed, said separating film (150) being at least partially permanently butt-joined to one base film of one of the layers (100, 200) and sealed the pits (156) extend from the base film (110, 120) of each of the pockets (130), and the sealed pits (156) are disposed between adjacent layers (100, 200). 2. Thermal insulation system according to claim 1, wherein the separation foil (150) is partly fixedly connected to the foil (120) forming the layer (100), an alternation of portions permanently connected (152) to the foil making up the layer (100) is formed and unconnected portions (154) to said base film comprising the layer. 3. Thermal insulation system according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein each layer (100, 200) has a separation foil (150, 250) partly permanently connected to one of the foils (120, 220) constituting said layer, the the layers (100, 200) are superimposed, with a single separating foil interposed between two adjacent layers. 4. A thermal insulation system according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein said airtight cavities (156) are gas-filled among the following gases: air, nitrogen, oxygen, argon, xenon, neon, carbon dioxide. Thermal insulation system according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the foils (110, 120, 210, 220) composing the layers (100, 200) are permanently connected by means of a seam, a weld, an adhesive joint or a crumple zone . 6. A thermal insulation system according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the synthetic fibers (140) comprise polyester fibers, typically having a linear density comprised between 0.2 and 25 Denier, more specifically between 0.5 and 15 Denier, or more precisely between 3 and 12 deniers. 7. Thermal insulation system according to one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising at least one membrane in the form of a cover on at least one side of the layers (100, 200).