PL243341B1 - Improved system of thin insulation and a set - Google Patents

Abstract

Thermal insulation system for a building, comprising at least two overlapping layers (100, 200) of thermal insulation, each of said layers of thermal insulation consisting of two foils (110, 120) overlapping and permanently connected so as to form pockets (130), each of the pockets (130) containing synthetic fibers (140), said layers (100, 200) of thermal insulation being connected along connecting portions (A1, A2) which are separable so as to allow the formation of chambers between the layers (100, 200) of thermal insulation.

Description

The invention relates to a thermal insulation system for a building and a kit comprising a thermal insulation system, in particular in the field of multi-layer insulation products, especially, but not exclusively, for thermal insulation of buildings.

The thermal insulation of a building is a fundamental aspect for its energy consumption.

The various existing solutions generally address several issues, particularly in terms of space, weight, cost and ease of installation, and in terms of certainty of thermal performance, especially with regard to air infiltration, which requires traditional fibrous insulation to be closed with covers under the roofing and a vapor barrier .

These different solutions, however, generally lead, in order to optimize the response to one of these issues, to concessions to other issues.

Documents US2016046096A1, US2003061777A1, PL/EP2034099T3 and US4058949A present known insulation structures. US2016046096A1 shows a thermal insulation construction that includes multiple layers. Welding points are formed on the distal edges of this solution. US2003061777A1 shows a reflective thermal insulation design. One or more layers of elements overlap each other. Dead air spaces are created between the heat-welded seams. PL/EP2034099T3 presents a modular roof structure. US4058949A shows a structure for insulating a roof in which insulating panels are spaced apart.

The present invention aims to propose a thermal insulation system for a building that responds in a holistic way to the various problems mentioned.

To this end, the present invention proposes a thermal insulation system for a building comprising at least two overlapping layers of thermal insulation, each of said layers of thermal insulation consisting of two overlapping and permanently bonded foils forming pockets, each pocket containing synthetic fibers, said thermal insulation layers are connected along detachable connecting portions, and the connecting portions are spaced apart by a distance greater than the length of at least three pockets, the length of the pockets being measured along the central axis of the layer.

Advantageously, the pockets have a maximum dimension measured along the central axis of the layer of between 1 and 60 cm, more precisely between 1 and 20 cm, or still between 1 and 10 cm, or still equal to 5 cm.

Advantageously, each thermal insulation layer has a surface density of between 20 and 250 g/ ^cm2 , more precisely between 20 and 110 g/ ^cm2 .

Preferably, chambers are arranged between the layers of thermal insulation, which chambers have a maximum thickness of more than 10 mm or, in particular, more than 20 mm.

Preferably, the synthetic fibers comprise polyester fibers typically having a linear density comprised between 0.2 and 25 Denier, more specifically between 0.5 and 15 Denier, or more specifically between 3 and 12 Denier.

Preferably, the system further comprises two membranes forming a sheathing around the layers, one of the membranes being provided in greater quantity relative to the other membrane.

The invention also relates to a kit comprising a thermal insulation system as defined above and at least one spacing element.

Preferably, said spacing element is U-shaped and typically made of plastic or metal.

Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will emerge from the following description, which is purely exemplary and non-limiting, and must be taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The object of the present invention is presented in an embodiment in the drawing, in which:

- Figures 1 to 3 show several aspects of examples of a thermal insulation system according to one aspect of the invention,

- Figures 4 to 7 show several examples of the use of a thermal insulation system according to one aspect of the invention, in particular figures 5 and 6 show a kit comprising a thermal insulation system according to the invention and at least one spacing element.

In all figures, common elements are indicated by identical reference numerals.

Figures 1 to 3 illustrate several aspects of examples of a thermal insulation system according to one aspect of the invention.

The system according to the invention consists of layers of thermal insulation. Figure 1 schematically shows an example of a layer.

The layer 100 as shown consists of two overlapping films 110 and 120.

The two films 110 and 120 are permanently joined to form pockets 130; the permanent connection between the two films 110 and 120 is therefore made in such a way as to define the portions at which the two films 110 and 120 are not permanently connected, these portions defining the pockets 130.

The permanent connection between the two films 110 and 120 may be made by gluing, welding or calendering. It can be done intermittently or continuously, and in patterns of straight lines, curves or any other suitable course or pattern.

The permanent connection may be made along a longitudinal and/or transverse direction, thus defining pockets which may be defined along their entire circumference or part of their circumference.

Fig. 1 shows schematically the central axis X100 of the layer 100, this central axis X100 passing through the zones of permanent bonding between the two films 110 and 120. This central axis X100 thus defines the longitudinal direction of the layer 100.

The pockets 130 have a maximum dimension measured along this central axis X100 of between 1 and 60 cm, more precisely between 1 and 20 cm, or still between 1 and 10 cm, or still equal to 5 cm.

This means, therefore, that the permanent connection zones between the two foils 110 and 120 are separated by a maximum distance of between 1 and 60 cm, more precisely between 1 and 20 cm, or still between 1 and 10 cm, or still equal to 5 cm along this central axis X100 .

Each of the pockets 130 contains synthetic fibers 140 in its interior space, the synthetic fibers thus filling at least partially the interior space of each of the pockets 130. The synthetic fibers typically have a three-dimensional structure; they are commonly referred to as conjugated by the term used in English. Such synthetic fibers having a three-dimensional structure allow swelling, which will be described later. The fibers are typically bi-material.

The pockets 130 may also include other features or materials typically used to improve thermal conductivity or insulation inertia.

The fibers 140 placed inside the pocket 130 are, for example, polyester fibers, optionally in combination with vegetable or animal fibers, for example wood, linen, wool fibers. In the case where the fibers 140 are polyester fibers, the fibers 140 typically have a linear density comprised between 0.2 and 25 Denier, more specifically between 0.5 and 15 Denier, or more specifically between 3 and 12 Denier.

The synthetic fibers 140 disposed within the pocket 130 may be hollow or solid fibers and may be coated with silicone.

The films 110 and 120 are typically metallised films based on polyethylene whose emissivity measured on the metallised side according to EN16012 is typically between 0.02 and 0.12, more specifically between 0.05 and 0.07.

The thermal insulation layer 100 typically has a surface density of between 20 and 250 g/ ^cm2 , more specifically between 20 and 110 g/ ^cm2 .

The thermal insulation layer 100 typically has a thickness of between 2 and 30 mm as measured according to EN 823 using a pressure of 25 Pa.

The insulation system according to an aspect of the invention comprises at least two layers 100 as described previously.

Figure 2 therefore shows such a system comprising two layers 100 and 200. These two layers are typically as previously described with reference to Figure 1. The reference numerals of the second layer 200 are increased by 100 with respect to the reference numbers used with reference to Figure 1.

The two layers 100 and 200 are sandwiched between two membranes E1 and E2 forming a shield for the layers 100 and 200, the whole thus forming an insulation system.

As can be seen from this figure, both layers 100 and 200 are adapted to be connected along two detachable connecting portions, hereinafter referred to as A1 and A2.

The linking portions may be linear or non-linear. It will be considered hereinafter that they generally extend along a given direction so as to facilitate understanding, of course such an example is not limiting.

The two connecting portions A1 and A2 are sufficiently spaced apart to allow swelling, i.e. to increase the apparent volume of the system. This swelling translates into the separation of the two layers 100 and 200 between the two connecting portions A1 and A2, thus creating an air chamber between the two layers 100 and 200.

The provision of such an air chamber between the two layers 100 and 200 thus allows the thermal insulation properties of the system to be improved, since such an air chamber actually acts as insulation. An assembly made up of two layers 100 and 200 and an air chamber separating them therefore has better thermal insulation properties than an assembly consisting only of two layers 100 and 200 adjacent to each other.

The air chamber thus formed typically has an average thickness of between 1 and 10 mm, and/or a maximum thickness of more than 10 mm or, in particular, more than 20 mm.

The mean thickness is understood as the arithmetic average of the thickness of the air chamber measured between the two connecting fragments A1 and A2, along the vertical direction, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction defined by the axis passing through the two connecting fragments A1 and A2.

Figure 2 therefore shows schematically the X-X axis defining the longitudinal direction and the Y-Y axis defining the vertical direction along which the height of the air chambers and the individual thicknesses are measured.

By the maximum thickness of the air chamber is meant the maximum spacing between the two layers 100 and 200 measured along the vertical direction Y-Y between two successive connecting portions A1 and A2.

The two connecting portions A1 and A2 are typically spaced apart by a distance measured along the X-X axis greater than the length of at least three pockets, or typically greater than the length of at least five pockets.

The connecting portions A1 and A2 are typically spaced apart by more than 60 cm, or more than 80 cm, or more than 100 cm, 120 cm or 150 cm, and less than 200 cm, 180 cm, 160 cm , or from 140 cm.

The linking fragments A1 and A2 have a dual function; to provide strength to the system and allow it to swell as will be discussed later.

As can be seen in figure 2, when installing the illustrated system for thermal insulation of a building, one of the membranes E1 or E2 will face the outside of the building while the other will face the inside of the building.

The E1 or E2 membrane facing the inside of the building then typically comprises a vapor impermeable film with a significant water vapor permeability (Sd) of greater than 18m, while the other membrane E1 or E2 facing the outside of the building then typically has a very low water vapor permeability (Sd). , for example less than or equal to 0.25 m.

Such properties can be applied regardless of the number of layers used to create the system.

Such properties therefore allow for high water vapor resistance on the inside and high water vapor permeability on the outside. These properties therefore prevent the diffusion of water vapor through the partition and allow not to lay a separate vapor barrier and also prevent the risk of condensation.

The system as proposed therefore allows a combination of thermal insulation functions and an element impermeable to air, water and water vapor, excluding the risk of condensation.

Figure 3 shows another embodiment of a system in accordance with one aspect of the invention comprising three overlapping layers, each layer typically being as previously described with reference to Figure 1.

The three layers are herein referred to as reference numerals 100, 200 and 300, wherein the reference numerals for the layers 200 and 300 are increased by 100 and 200, respectively, from the reference numerals used to describe the layer 100 shown earlier.

As before, the layers 100, 200 and 300 are connected along two detachable connecting portions, hereinafter referred to as A1 and A2.

The system thus formed swells between these connecting portions, leading to the formation of air chambers between the layers 100, 200 and 300.

It should be understood that the air chambers formed between layers 100 and 200 and between layers 200 and 300, respectively, are not necessarily identical. This asymmetry does not affect the thermal insulation properties of the system, creating two air chambers of identical thicknesses or two air chambers of separate thicknesses will lead to substantially equal properties when the sum of the thicknesses of the air chambers is substantially equal and when each air chamber has a thickness maximum less than 20 mm.

More specifically, the position of the intermediate layer, here layer 200, has a limited effect on the thermal insulation properties of the system.

In the case where the system comprises more than two layers, at least one of the air chambers thus formed typically has an average thickness of between 1 and 10 mm, and/or a maximum thickness of more than 10 mm or in particular more than 20 mm.

Now, in the example shown in figure 3, at least one of the air chambers thus formed typically has an average thickness of between 1 and 10 mm, and/or a maximum thickness of more than 10 mm or, in particular, more than 20 mm.

The mean thickness is understood as the arithmetic average of the thickness of the air chamber measured between the two connecting fragments A1 and A2, along the vertical direction, perpendicular to the longitudinal direction defined by the axis passing through the two connecting fragments A1 and A2.

Figure 2 therefore shows schematically the X-X axis defining the longitudinal direction and the Y-Y axis defining the vertical direction along which the height of the air chambers and the individual thicknesses are measured.

By the maximum thickness of the air chamber is meant the maximum spacing between the two layers 100 and 200 measured along the vertical direction Y-Y between two successive connecting portions A1 and A2.

As in the embodiment shown in figure 2, the two connecting portions A1 and A2 are typically spaced apart by a distance measured along the X-X axis greater than the length of at least three pockets, or typically greater than the length of at least five pockets.

The connecting portions A1 and A2 are typically spaced apart by more than 60 cm, or more than 80 cm, or more than 100 cm, 120 cm, 140 cm, 160 cm, 180 cm, 200 cm, or from 250 cm, and less than 300 cm.

The insulation system according to one aspect of the invention typically has a thickness of between 15 and 400 mm, or between 50 and 260 mm, as measured according to EN 823 using a pressure of 25 Pa.

The insulation system as shown allows for a thermal conductivity of between 29 and 40 mW/m.K.

Figures 4 to 7 show several examples of the use of a thermal insulation system according to one aspect of the invention, in particular Figures 5 and 6 show a kit comprising a thermal insulation system according to the invention and at least one spacing element.

Figure 4 therefore shows an example of the use of a system as described above for insulating the roof of a building.

This figure shows a sectional view of a roof provided with thermal insulation according to one aspect of the invention.

Thus, in this figure, a roofing element 1 can be seen such as tiles 1 forming the roofing, battens 2 forming a support for the tiles, and rafters 3 and trim cladding 4. Counter battens 5 are inserted between battens 2 and rafters 3.

An insulation system 10 is inserted between the rafters and the counter battens 5, this insulation system 10 being here as described with reference to figure 2.

The abutment portions between the rafters 3 and the counter battens 5 define the assembly portions of the system, which are denoted by C1 and C2, these assembly portions here being distinct from the connecting portions A1 and A2 as shown in Figure 2.

The mounting portions C1 and C2 are typically along a direction perpendicular to the direction along which the connecting portions A1 and A2 extend.

The embodiment shown is only an example, and it should be understood that the installation can be made with the system oriented along the longitudinal direction or along the transverse direction.

The assembly fragments C1 and C2 are typically spaced between 400 and 600 mm, corresponding to the spacing of the rafters in the structure under consideration.

Considering the presented example, the assembly fragments C1 and C2 extend along a plane perpendicular to the figure defined by the longitudinal direction of the counter battens 5 and rafters 3, while the connecting fragments extend along the direction perpendicular to the counter battens 5 and rafters 3 and are therefore not visible on the figure 4.

According to such an embodiment, the system thus swells along two directions: between two successive mounting portions and between two successive connecting portions, so as to ensure the formation of air chambers between the individual layers.

To promote swelling, one of the membranes of the system may generally be provided larger than the membrane of the system in question during manufacture of the system. Such provision in greater quantity allows the preferred orientation for swelling of the sealing system to be determined.

Considering the example shown in Figure 4, the inward facing membrane, i.e. the membrane closest to the support cladding 4 (here membrane E2) is here typically provided in greater quantity relative to the outward facing membrane (here membrane E1), thereby promoting swelling of the system. insulation inside.

Figure 5 therefore shows an example of the use of a system as previously presented and shown here during its application to insulate the roof of a building, in particular figure 5 shows a kit comprising a thermal insulation system according to the invention and at least one spacing element.

Two insulation systems 10 and 20 are placed between the rafters and counter battens 5, each insulation system 10 and 20 being as described with reference to Figures 1 to 3. These insulation systems 10 and 20 are shown schematically in Figure 5.

More specifically, each insulation system 10 and 20 consists of at least two overlapping layers of thermal insulation, each of said layers of thermal insulation consisting of two foils overlapping and permanently connected in such a way as to form pockets, each of the pockets contains 140 synthetic fibers.

As for the embodiment already shown with reference to figure 4, the abutment portions between the rafters 3 and the counter battens 5 define assembly portions of the system, which are denoted by C1 and C2, these assembly portions here being distinct from the connecting portions A1 and A2 of the insulation systems 10 and 20.

The mounting portions C1 and C2 are typically along a direction perpendicular to the direction along which the connecting portions A1 and A2 extend.

Considering the presented example, the assembly fragments C1 and C2 extend along a plane perpendicular to the figure defined by the longitudinal direction of the counter battens 5 and rafters 3, while the connecting fragments extend along the direction perpendicular to the counter battens 5 and rafters 3 and are therefore not visible on the figure 5.

According to such an embodiment, the system thus swells along two directions: between two successive mounting portions and between two successive connecting portions, so as to ensure the formation of air chambers between the individual layers.

In order to facilitate the laying of the insulation system and its vapor barrier 20 between the rafters (as shown in figure 5) or the laying of the insulation system and its covering membrane under the roofing between the rafters (as shown in figure 6) and to guarantee swelling between the rafters, insulation systems are typically used a spacing element 50. A spacing element 50 as shown is generally U-shaped having typically its free ends bent over and allows to partially enclose the rafter 3 and one of the insulation systems (here insulation system 20). The side walls of the spacing element 50 thus ensure the desired position of the insulation system between the rafters. Instead, the central portion or base of the U is typically reinforced to remain substantially flat.

Such assembly of the insulation system 10 or 20 promotes swelling of the insulation systems 10 and 20 and the formation of air chambers between the individual layers of the insulation systems 10 and 20.

Fastening elements 60 such as staples or nails may be used to secure the spacing element 50 and one or more insulation systems 10 and/or 20 to the rafters 3 and/or counter battens 5. The installation of a vapor barrier membrane (having an Sd typically > 18 m) or a covering membrane under the roofing (having an Sd typically < 0.25 m) by means of a spacing element 50 is simplified compared to conventional laying requiring a significant amount of staples or more generally means of securing insulation systems.

The spacing element 50 is typically made of metal or plastic.

Figure 6 shows another example of the use of a system as previously described for insulating the roof of a building.

Common elements with Figures 4 and 5 described earlier will not be described in detail here. Note that the position of rafters 3 and counter battens 5 is reversed: rafters 3 are here placed between battens 2 and counter battens 5, the latter supporting the trim cladding 4.

Here, a first insulation system 10 is inserted between the rafters and counter battens 5, while a second insulation system is inserted between counter battens 5 and the trim cladding 4.

Their respective assembly portions are indicated by adding an index of 10 or 20 to references C1 and C2.

As before, one of the insulation systems, here the insulation system 10, is coupled to the spacers 50, thus providing a spacing between the two insulation systems 10 and 20 so as to promote the formation of air chambers between their individual layers.

Figure 7 shows another example of the use of a system as previously described for insulating the roof of a building.

This example shown in figure 7 is a variant of the embodiment shown in figure 5 in which the counter rafters 7 are inserted between the rafters 3 and the counter battens 5.

The first insulation system 10 is thus here placed between the counter-battens 5 and the counter-rafters 7, while the second insulation system 20 is placed between the rafters 3 and the counter-rafters 7.

The two insulation systems 10 and 20 are thus offset by the counter-rafters 7, the latter being placed between the two insulation systems 10 and 20. In this configuration, depending on the dimensions of the counter-rafters 7, the spacing elements 50 can be dispensed with.

The individual application examples described with reference to figures 4 to 7 illustrate several applications of an insulation system according to one aspect of the invention, in particular figures 5 and 6 show a kit comprising a thermal insulation system according to the invention and at least one spacing element.

These figures show application examples comprising two insulation systems designated by reference numbers 10 and 20.

It will be understood that one of these systems may be replaced by another adapted insulation system.

Claims (8)

A building thermal insulation system comprising at least two overlapping layers (100, 200) of thermal insulation, each of said layers of thermal insulation consisting of two overlapping and permanently bonded films (110, 120) forming pockets (130) , each of the pockets (130) contains synthetic fibers (140), said thermal insulation layers (100, 200) are connected along the detachable connecting portions (A1, A2), and the connecting portions (A1, A2) are spaced apart by a distance greater than the length at least three pockets, the length of the pocket (130) being measured along a central axis (X100, X200) of the layer (100, 200). Thermal insulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the pockets (130) have a maximum dimension measured along the central axis (X100, X200) of the layer (100, 200) between 1 and 60 cm, more precisely between 1 and 20 cm, or still between 1 and 10 cm, or still equal to 5 cm. 3. Thermal insulation system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each layer (100, 200) of thermal insulation has a surface density of between 20 and 250 g/ ^cm2 , more precisely between 20 and 110 g/ ^cm2 . Thermal insulation system according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that between the layers (100, 200) of thermal insulation chambers are arranged, which chambers have a maximum thickness of more than 10 mm or, in particular, more than 20 mm. 5. A thermal insulation system according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, characterized in that the synthetic fibers (140) comprise polyester fibers typically having a linear density comprised between 0.2 and 25 Denier, more specifically between 0.5 and 15 Denier, or more precisely, between 3 and 12 deniers. PL 243341 B1 6. Thermal insulation system according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 or 5, characterized in that it further comprises two membranes (Ε1, E2) forming a shield around the layers (100, 200), one of the membranes (Ε1, E2) it is supplied in greater quantity than the second membrane (E2, E1). 7. A kit comprising a thermal insulation system (10, 20) according to any one of claims 1 to 6 and at least one spacing element (50). 8. The kit of claim 7, wherein said spacing element (50) is U-shaped and typically made of plastic or metal.