ES2643757B2 - THERMAL INSULATION SYSTEM OF A BUILDING AND ASSEMBLY THAT INCLUDES SUCH SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

Thermal insulation system of a building, comprising at least two layers (100, 200) of thermal insulation superimposed, each of said layers of thermal insulation consisting of two films (110, 120) superimposed and joined in such a way that they form housings (130), each of the synthetic housings (130) pounds (140) comprising, said layers (100, 200) of thermal insulation being assembled according to separate assembly parts (A1, A2) so as to allow the formation of air cavities between the layers (100, 200) of thermal insulation.

Description

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DESCRIPTION

THERMAL INSULATION SYSTEM OF A BUILDING AND JOINT THAT

UNDERSTAND SUCH SYSTEM

Technical sector

This description refers to the field of multi-layer insulating products, specifically intended but not exclusively for the thermo-acoustic insulation of buildings.

State of the art

The thermal insulation of a building is an essential aspect of its energy consumption.

The different existing solutions respond, in general, to several problems, in particular in terms of volume occupied, weight, cost and ease of installation as well as in terms of the consistency of thermal efficiency, in particular, with respect to infiltrations of air, which needs to encapsulate traditional fiber insulators with protective cover layers and an anti-vapor protective layer.

However, these different solutions usually lead, in order to optimize the response given to one of these problems, to make concessions in other problems.

The present invention aims to propose a system for thermal insulation that responds cumulatively to the different problems mentioned above.

Object of the invention

For this, the present invention proposes a thermal insulation system of a building, comprising at least two layers of thermal insulation superimposed, each of said layers of thermal insulation consisting of two overlapping and welded films so as to form housings, comprising each of the fiber housings

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synthetic, said layers of thermal insulation being assembled according to separate assembly parts so as to allow the formation of air cavities between the layers of thermal insulation.

Normally, the assembly parts are separated by a distance greater than the length of at least three housings, the length of the housings being measured along a middle axis of the layer.

The housings have, for example, a maximum dimension measured according to an average axis of the layer between 1 and 60 cm, more specifically between 1 and 20 cm, or even between 1 and 10 cm, or even equal to 5 cm.

Each layer of thermal insulation has for example a surface density between 20 and 250 g / cm2, more specifically between 20 and 110 g / cm2.

The superimposed films of the layers are joined, for example, by sewing, welding or calendering.

The layers of thermal insulation are assembled, for example, so as to allow the formation of air cavities between the layers of thermal insulation having a maximum thickness greater than 10 mm or more particularly greater than 20 mm.

Synthetic fibers comprise, for example, polyester fibers.

Synthetic fibers have, for example, a linear density between 0.2 and 25 Denier, more specifically between 0.5 and 15 Denier, or more specifically between 3 and 12 Denier.

According to one example, the system further comprises two membranes that form a shell around the layers, one of the membranes being supercharged with respect to the other membrane.

The invention also relates to an assembly comprising a thermal insulation system such as the one defined above and at least one separation element, said separation element being configured so that it engages with a cabrio so that it encloses said system. of thermal insulation in the cabrio.

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Said separation element usually has a U-shape, and is usually made of a plastic or metal material.

Description of the figures

Other features, objectives and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description, which is purely illustrative and not limiting, and should be read in reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

- Figures 1 to 3 present several aspects of examples of the thermal insulation system according to one aspect of the invention.

- Figures 4 to 7 present several examples of application of thermal insulation systems according to an aspect of the invention.

In the set of the figures, the common elements are indicated by identical reference numbers.

Detailed description of the invention

Figures 1 to 3 present several aspects of examples of the thermal insulation system according to one aspect of the invention.

The system according to the invention is composed of layers of thermal insulation. Figure 1 schematically represents an example of a layer.

The layer (100) as represented is composed of two superimposed films (110, 120).

These two films (110 and 120) are in solidarity so that they form accommodations (130); The solidarity between the two films (110 and 120) is therefore carried out so that parts are defined at the level of which the two films (110 and 120) are not in solidarity, these parts defining the housings (130).

The solidarity between the two films (110 and 120) can be done by gluing,

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welding or calendering. It can also be performed discreetly or continuously, and according to patterns in straight lines, curves or according to any other adapted path or pattern.

Solidarity can be carried out according to a longitudinal and / or transverse direction, thus defining housings that may be delimited in all or part of their periphery.

In figure 1, a middle axis (X100) of the layer (100) is schematically represented, this middle axis (X100) passing through the areas of solidarity between the two films (110 and 120). This middle axis (X100) thus defines a longitudinal direction of the layer (100).

The housings (130) have a maximum dimension measured according to this middle axis (X100) between 1 and 60 cm, more specifically between 1 and 20 cm, or even between 1 and 10 cm, or even equal to 5 cm.

Therefore, this means that the areas of solidarity between the two films (110 and 120) are separated by a maximum between 1 and 60 cm, more specifically between 1 and 20 cm, or even between 1 and 10 cm, or even the same 5 cm along this middle axis (X100).

Each of the housings (130) comprises synthetic fibers (140) in its internal volume, these synthetic fibers (140) thus filling at least partially the internal volume of each of the housings (130). Synthetic fibers (140) normally have a three-dimensional curl; they are usually called "conjugated" according to the frequent denomination in English. By presenting such synthetic fibers (140) a three-dimensional curl, they allow to favor the dilation that will be described below. Normally, the fibers (140) are composed of two materials.

The housings (130) may also comprise other elements or materials that normally allow to improve the thermal conductivity or inertia of the insulators.

The fibers (140) arranged inside the housings (130) are, for example, polyester fibers, possibly combined with vegetable or animal fibers, for example wood, linen, wool fibers. In the case where the fibers (140) are polyester fibers, these fibers (140) normally have a linear density between 0.2 and 25 Denier, more specifically between 0.5 and 15 Denier, or more specifically between 3 and 12 Denier.

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The synthetic fibers (140) arranged inside the housings (130) may be hollow or solid fibers, and may be silicone.

Normally, the films (110 and 120) are polyethylene-based metallized films whose emissivity measured on the metallic face according to EN16012 is normally between 0.02 and 0.12, more specifically between 0.05 and 0.07.

The thermal insulation layer (100) usually has a surface density between 20 and 250 g / cm2, more specifically between 20 and 110 g / cm2.

The thermal insulation layer (100) usually has a thickness between 2 and 30 mm as measured according to EN 823 with the application of a pressure of 25 Pa.

An insulation system according to one aspect of the invention comprises at least two layers (100) such as those described above.

In figure 2, a system of this type is thus represented, comprising two layers (100 and 200). These two layers are normally as described above with reference to Figure 1. The reference numbers of the second layer (200) are increased by (100) with respect to the references used with reference to Figure 1.

These two layers (100 and 200) are disposed between two membranes (E1 and E2) that form a shell for the layers (100 and 200), thus forming the whole insulation system.

As can be seen in this figure, the two layers (100 and 200) are adapted so that they are assembled according to two separate assembly parts, in this case indicated by the references (A1 and A2).

The assembly parts can be linear or not. Next in the description, it is considered that they generally extend according to a given direction in order to facilitate understanding, it being understood that such an example is not limiting.

These two assembly parts (A1 and A2) are separated by a sufficient distance of

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a way that allows dilation, that is, an increase in the apparent volume of the system. This expansion results in a separation of the two layers (100 and 200) between the two assembly parts (A1 and A2), thus forming an air cavity between the two layers (100 and 200).

The formation of such an air cavity between the two layers (100 and 200) thus improves the thermal insulation properties of the system, in fact fulfilling an air cavity of this type as an insulating function. The assembly formed by the two layers (100 and 200) as well as the air cavity that separates them thus presents thermal insulation properties superior to an assembly consisting only of two layers (100 and 200) coupled against each other.

The air cavity formed in this way usually has an average thickness between 1 and 10 mm, and / or a maximum thickness greater than 10 mm or more particularly greater than 20 mm.

By average thickness, an arithmetic mean of the thickness of the air cavity measured between the two assembly parts (A1 and A2) is understood, according to a vertical direction, perpendicular to a longitudinal direction defined by an axis passing through the two parts of assembly (A1 and A2).

In figure 2, an X-X axis that indicates the longitudinal direction is shown schematically, and a Y-Y axis that indicates the vertical direction according to which the height of the air cavities is measured as well as the different thicknesses.

Maximum thickness of the air cavity means the maximum distance between the two layers (100 and 200) measured according to the vertical Y-Y direction between two successive assembly parts (A1 and A2).

Normally, the two assembly parts (A1 and A2) are separated by a distance measured along the X-X axis greater than the length of at least three housings, or normally greater than the length of at least five housings.

Normally, the assembly parts (A1 and A2) are separated by a distance greater than 60 cm, or even greater than 80 cm, or even greater than 100 cm, 120 cm or 150 cm

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cm, and less than 200 cm, 180 cm, 160 cm, or 140 cm.

The assembly parts (A1 and A2) have a double function; guarantee the resistance of the system and allow dilation as will be observed below.

As it is understood in figure 2, during the installation of the system presented for the realization of a thermal insulation of a building, one of the membranes (E1 or E2) will be arranged towards the outside of the building, while the other will be arranged towards The interior of the building.

The membrane (E1 or E2) disposed towards the interior of the building then normally comprises an anti-vapor film, which has an important water vapor permeability (Sd) greater than 18 m, while the other membrane (E1 or E2) disposed towards The exterior of the building then normally has a very low water vapor permeability (Sd), for example less than or equal to 0.25 m.

Such properties can be transposed independently of the number of layers used to form the system.

Such properties thus allow to obtain a strong resistance to water vapor from the inner side, and a strong permeability to water vapor from the outer side. These properties therefore prevent the diffusion of water vapor through the wall and prevent the placement of a deviated anti-steam, and also prevent the risks of condensation.

The system, as proposed, thus allows the functions of thermal insulation and sealing element to be combined with air, water and water vapor, thus excluding the risks of condensation.

Figure 3 shows another embodiment of a system according to one aspect of the invention, comprising three overlapping layers, each layer being, normally, as described above with reference to Figure 1.

In this case, the three layers are indicated by the reference numbers (100, 200 and 300), the reference numbers of the layers having increased (200 and 300)

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respectively in (100 and 200) with respect to the reference numbers used for the description of the layer (100) made above.

As before, the layers (100, 200 and 300) are assembled according to two separate assembly parts, indicated in this case by the references (A1 and A2).

The system formed in this way expands between these assembly parts, which leads to the formation of air cavities between the layers (100, 200 and 300).

It is understood that the air cavities formed respectively between the layers (100 and 200) and between the layers (200 and 300) are not necessarily identical. Such an asymmetry has no impact on the thermal insulation performance of the system, the formation of two air cavities of identical thicknesses, or of two air cavities of different thicknesses will lead to substantially equal properties since the sum of the thicknesses of The air cavities are substantially equal and that each of the air cavities has a maximum thickness of less than 20 mm.

More specifically, the position of the intermediate layer, in this case the layer (200), has a limited impact on the thermal insulation properties of the system.

In the case where the system comprises more than two layers, at least one of the air cavities formed in this way usually has an average thickness between 1 and 10 mm, and / or a maximum thickness greater than 10 mm or more. particularly greater than 20 mm.

Thus, in the example shown in Figure 3, at least one of the air cavities formed in this way usually has an average thickness between 1 and 10 mm, and / or a maximum thickness greater than 10 mm or more particularly greater than 20 mm

By average thickness, an arithmetic mean of the thickness of the air cavity measured between the two assembly parts (A1 and A2) is understood, according to a vertical direction, perpendicular to a longitudinal direction defined by an axis passing through the two parts of assembly (A1 and A2).

In figure 2, an X-X axis that indicates the

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longitudinal direction, and a Y-Y axis that indicates the vertical direction according to which the height of the air cavities is measured as well as the different thicknesses.

Maximum thickness of the air cavity means the maximum distance between the two layers (100 and 200) measured according to the vertical Y-Y direction between two successive assembly parts (A1 and A2).

As for the embodiment shown in Figure 2, normally, the two assembly parts (A1 and A2) are separated by a distance measured along the axis XX greater than the length of at least three housings, or normally greater than the length of at least five accommodations.

Normally, the assembly parts (A1 and A2) are separated by a distance greater than 60 cm, or even greater than 80 cm, or even greater than 100 cm, 120 cm, 140 cm, 160 cm, 180 cm , 200 cm, or 250 cm, and less than 300 cm.

The insulation system according to one aspect of the invention normally has a thickness between 15 and 400 mm, or even between 50 and 260 mm as measured according to EN 823 with the application of a pressure of 25 Pa.

The insulation system such as the one presented allows obtaining a thermal conductivity between 29 and 40 mW / m.K.

Figures 4 to 7 present several examples of application of thermal insulation systems according to an aspect of the invention.

Figure 4 thus represents an example of application of the system such as the one presented above for the insulation of a building roof.

This figure shows a sectional view of a roof equipped with a thermal insulation system according to an aspect of the invention.

This figure thus indicates a cover element (1) such as tiles (1) that form the roof, support slats (2) that form the support of the tiles (1), as well as cabrios (3) and a finishing coating (4). The slats (5) are interposed between the

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support slats (2) and the winches (3).

An insulation system (10) is interposed between the winches (3) and the slats (5), this insulation system (10) being in this case as described with reference to Figure 2.

The support parts between the winches (3) and the slats (5) define mounting parts of the system that are indicated by the references (C1 and C2), in which case these mounting parts are different from the assembly parts (A1 and A2) such as those depicted in Figure 2.

Normally, the mounting parts (C1 and C2) are located in a direction perpendicular to the direction according to which the assembly parts (A1 and A2) extend.

The embodiment presented is illustrative only, it is understood that the installation can be carried out with the system oriented according to its longitudinal direction or according to its transverse direction.

Normally, the mounting parts (C1 and C2) are separated by a distance between 400 and 600 mm, which corresponds to the separation of the winches (3) in the structure in question.

Taking into account the example shown, the mounting parts (C1 and C2) extend according to a plane perpendicular to the figure defined by the longitudinal direction of the slats (5) and winches (3), while the assembly parts extend according to a direction perpendicular to the slats (5) and cabrios (3) and, therefore, are not visible in Figure 4.

According to such an embodiment, the system is therefore dilated in two directions; between two successive assembly parts, and between two successive assembly parts, so as to guarantee the formation of air cavities between the different layers.

In order to favor dilation, one of the membranes of the system can be substantially supercharged with respect to the membrane of the system in question

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during system manufacturing. An overfeeding of this type allows defining an orientation that favors the expansion of the sealing system.

If the example shown in Figure 4 is taken into account, the membrane arranged inwards, that is to say the membrane closest to the support lining (4) (in this case the membrane (E2)), in this case it is normally supercharged with respect to the membrane arranged towards the outside (in this case the membrane (E1)), thus favoring a dilation of the insulation system inwards.

Figure 5 thus represents an example of application of the system such as the one presented above and in this case presented during its application for the insulation of a building roof.

Two insulation systems (10 and 20) are arranged between the winches (3) and the slats (5), each insulation system (10 and 20) being as described with reference to Figures 1 to 3. These systems of Insulation (10 and 20) are schematically represented in Figure 5.

More specifically, each insulation system (10 and 20) is composed of at least two superimposed layers of thermal insulation, each of said layers of thermal insulation consisting of two overlapping and welded films so that they form housings, each comprising the synthetic fiber (140) housings.

As with the embodiment already presented with reference to Figure 4, the support parts between the winches (3) and the slats (5) define mounting parts of the system indicated by references (C1 and C2) , in this case these assembly parts being different from the assembly parts (A1 and A2 of the insulation systems (10 and 20).

Normally, the mounting parts (C1 and C2) are located in a direction perpendicular to the direction according to which the assembly parts (A1 and A2) extend.

Taking into account the example shown, the mounting parts (C1 and C2) extend according to a plane perpendicular to the figure defined by the longitudinal direction of the slats (5) and winches (3), while the assembly parts extend according to one

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direction perpendicular to the slats (5) and cabrios (3) and, therefore, are not visible in Figure 5.

According to such an embodiment, the system is therefore dilated in two directions; between two successive assembly parts, and between two successive assembly parts, so as to guarantee the formation of air cavities between the different layers.

In order to facilitate the placement of the insulation systems and their anti-vapor (20) between cabrios (3) (as indicated in Figure 5) or the placement of the insulation system and its protective cover membrane (10 ) between winches (3) (as shown in figure 6) and to ensure the expansion between winches (3) of the insulation systems a separation element (50) is normally used. The separation element (50) such as the one shown has a general U-shape that normally has its curved free edges, and allows partially enclosing a cabrio (3) and one of the insulation systems (in this case the insulation system ( twenty)). The side walls of the separation element (50) thus guarantee the desired position of the insulation system between winches (3). For its part, the central part or base of the U normally serves as reinforcement, so that it remains substantially flat.

Such an assembly of the insulation system (10 or 20) favors the expansion of the insulation systems (10 and 20), as well as the formation of air cavities between the different layers of the insulation systems (10 and 20) .

Fixing elements (60) such as staples or nails may be used to ensure the fixing of the separation element (50) and of the insulation system (10 and / or 20) in the winches (3) and / or in the slats (5). The placement between a wooden frame (cabrio) of an insulation system or an anti-vapor membrane (which normally has an Sd> 18 m) or a protective cover membrane (which normally has an Sd <0.25 m ) is simplified with the aid of the separation element (50) with respect to a conventional placement that requires a significant number of staples or more generally of fixing means of insulation systems.

Normally, the separation element (50) is made of metal or plastic.

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Figure 6 presents another example of application of the system such as the one presented above for the insulation of a building roof.

In this case, the elements in common with Figures 4 and 5 described above are not described in detail. It is observed that the position of the winches (3) and the slats (5) is inverse; in this case, the winches (3) are arranged between the support slats (2) and the slats (5), the latter supporting the finishing lining (4).

In this case, a first insulation system (10) is interposed between the winches (3) and the slats (5), while a second insulation system (20) is interposed between the slats (5) and the finishing lining (4).

Their respective mounting parts are indicated by adding the number (10 or 20) to the references (C1 and C2).

As before, one of the insulation systems, in this case the insulation system (10), is coupled to separation elements (50), thus guaranteeing a separation between the two insulation systems (10 and 20) in a manner which favors the formation of air cavities between its different layers.

Figure 7 represents another example of application of the system such as the one presented above for the insulation of a building roof.

This example illustrated in Figure 7 is a variant of the embodiment shown in Figure 5, in which the counter-winches (7) are interposed between the winches (3) and the slats (5).

In this case, the first insulation system (10) is then arranged between the slats (5) and the counter-winches (7), while the second insulation system (20) is arranged between the winches (3) and the counter-goats (7).

Therefore, the two insulation systems (10 and 20) are separated by the counterparts (7), the latter being arranged between the two insulation systems (10 and 20). In such a configuration, depending on the dimensions of the counter-winches (7), the separation elements (50) can be dispensed with.

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The different examples of use described with reference to Figures 4 to 7 illustrate various uses of an insulation system according to an aspect of the invention.

These figures present examples of use comprising two insulation systems indicated by reference numbers (10 and 20).

It is suitably understood that one of these insulation systems can be replaced by another appropriate insulation system.

One of these insulation systems can be replaced, for example, by an insulator such as that sold by the company ACTIS under the trade name HYBRIS.

Claims (10)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 1. - Thermal insulation system of a building, comprising at least two layers (100, 200) of thermal insulation superimposed, each of said layers (100, 200) of thermal insulation consisting of two films (110, 120) superimposed and secured in such a way that they form housings (130), each of the housings (130) comprising synthetic fibers (140), characterized in that said layers (100, 200) of thermal insulation are assembled according to assembly parts (A1, A2 ) separated so as to allow the formation of air cavities between the layers (100, 200) of thermal insulation. 2. - Thermal insulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the assembly parts (A1, A2) are separated by a distance greater than the length of at least three housings, the length of the housings (130) being measured according to a middle axis (X100, X200) of the layer (100, 200). 3. - Thermal insulation system according to claim 2, characterized in that the housings (130) have a maximum dimension measured according to a middle axis (X100, X200) of the layer (100, 200) between 1 and 60 cm, more specifically between 1 and 20 cm, or even between 1 and 10 cm, or even equal to 5 cm. 4. - Thermal insulation system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that each layer (100, 200) of thermal insulation has a surface density between 20 and 250 g / cm2, more specifically between 20 and 110 g / cm2 5. - Thermal insulation system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the superimposed films (110, 120, 210, 220) of the layers (100, 200) are joined by sewing, welding or calendering. 6. - Thermal insulation system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the layers of thermal insulation (100, 200) are assembled so as to allow the formation of air cavities between the layers (100, 200) of thermal insulator having a maximum thickness greater than 10 mm or more particularly greater than 20 mm. 7. - Thermal insulation system according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the synthetic fibers (140) comprise polyester fibers, which have 5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 normally a linear density between 0.2 and 25 Denier, more specifically between 0.5 and 15 Denier, or more specifically between 3 and 12 Denier. 8. - Thermal insulation system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it also comprises two membranes (E1, E2) that form a shell around the layers (100, 200), one of the membranes (E1, E2) supercharged with respect to the other membrane (E2, E1). 9. - Assembly comprising a thermal insulation system (10, 20) according to one of claims 1 to 8 and at least one separation element (50), characterized in that said separation element (50) is configured so that it is hooked in a cabrio so that it surrounds said thermal insulation system in the cabrio. 10. - Assembly according to claim 9, characterized in that said separation element (50) has a U-shape, and is usually made of a plastic or metal material.