FR3051209A1 - IMPROVED THIN ISOLATION SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

Thermal insulation system of a building, comprising at least two layers (100, 200) of superimposed thermal insulation, each of said layers of thermal insulation being composed of two films (110, 120) superimposed and secured so as to form pockets (130), each of the pockets (130) comprising synthetic fibers (140), said layers (100, 200) of thermal insulation being assembled in assembly portions (A1, A2) disjointed so as to allow the forming cavities of air between the layers (100, 200) of thermal insulation.

Description

GENERAL TECHNICAL FIELD

This presentation relates to the field of multilayer insulating products, intended in particular but not exclusively for thermo-acoustic insulation of buildings.

STATE OF THE ART The thermal insulation of a building is an essential aspect of its energy consumption.

The various existing solutions generally respond to several problems, in particular in terms of size, weight, cost and ease of installation as well as in terms of consistency of thermal performance especially vis-à-vis air infiltration This requires encapsulating traditional fibrous insulation with under-roof screens and a vapor barrier screen.

These different solutions, however, commonly lead, in order to optimize the response to one of these issues, to make concessions on other issues.

The present invention aims to propose a system for thermal insulation responding cumulatively to the various aforementioned problems.

PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION To this end, the present invention proposes a thermal insulation system of a building, comprising at least two superimposed layers of thermal insulation, each of said layers of thermal insulation being composed of two superimposed and fixed films. so as to form pockets, each of the pockets comprising synthetic fibers, said layers of thermal insulation being assembled in disjoint assembly portions so as to allow the formation of air cavities between the thermal insulation layers.

The assembly portions are typically spaced a distance greater than the length of at least three pockets, the length of the pockets being measured along a median axis of the web.

The pockets have for example a maximum dimension measured along a median axis of the sheet of between 1 and 60 cm, more precisely between 1 and 20 cm, or between 1 and 10 cm, or equal to 5 cm.

Each sheet of thermal insulation has for example a surface density of between 20 and 250 g / cm 2, more precisely between 20 and 110 g / cm 2.

The superimposed films of the plies are for example secured by stitching, welding or calendering.

The thermal insulation layers are for example assembled so as to allow the formation of air cavities between the thermal insulation sheets having a maximum thickness greater than 10 mm or more particularly greater than 20 mm.

Synthetic fibers include, for example, polyester fibers.

The synthetic fibers have, for example, a linear density of between 0.2 and 25 denier, more precisely between 0.5 and 15 denier, or more precisely between 3 and 12 denier.

In one example, the system further comprises a two membranes forming an envelope around the webs. One of the membranes being supercharged relative to the other membrane. The invention also relates to an assembly comprising a thermal insulation system as defined above and at least one spacer element, said spacer element being configured to engage on a chevron so as to grip said system of thermal insulation on the rafter.

Said spacer element is typically U-shaped, and is typically made of plastic or metallic material.

PRESENTAΉON OF THE FIGURES Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will emerge from the description which follows, which is purely illustrative and not restrictive, and which should be read with reference to the appended drawings, in which: FIGS. 1 to 3 presents several aspects of examples of thermal insulation system according to one aspect of the invention. - Figures 4 to 7 show several examples of application of thermal insulation systems according to one aspect of the invention.

In all the figures, the elements in common are identified by identical reference numerals.

DETAILED DESCRIFNON

Figures 1 to 3 show several aspects of examples of thermal insulation system according to one aspect of the invention.

The system according to Hnvention is composed of layers of thermal insulation. Figure 1 shows schematically an example of a web.

The web 100 as shown is composed of two superimposed films 110 and 120.

These two films 110 and 120 are secured so as to form pockets 130; the joining between the two films 110 and 120 is thus performed so as to define portions at which the two films 110 and 120 are not secured, these portions defining the pockets 130,

The connection between the two films 110 and 120 can be achieved by gluing, welding or calendering. It can be performed discretely or continuously, and in patterns in straight lines, curves or any other trajectory or pattern adapted.

The fastening can be carried out in a longitudinal and / or transverse direction, thus defining pockets that can be delimited on all or part of their periphery.

FIG. 1 diagrammatically shows a median axis X 100 of the ply 100, this median axis X 100 passing through the zones of attachment between the two films 110 and 120. This median axis X 100 thus defines a longitudinal direction of the ply 100.

The pockets 130 have a maximum dimension measured along this median axis X100 between 1 and 60 cm, more precisely between 1 and 20 cm, or between 1 and 10 cm, or equal to 5 cm.

This means that the zones of attachment between the two films 110 and 120 are spaced apart by a maximum of between 1 and 60 cm, more precisely between 1 and 20 cm, or between 1 and 10 cm, or equal to 5 cm according to this median axis X100.

Each of the bags 130 comprises synthetic fibers 140 in its internal volume, these synthetic fibers thus at least partially filling the internal volume of each of the bags 130. The synthetic fibers typically have a three-dimensional crimp; they are commonly referred to as "conjugated" by the usual English name. Such synthetic fibers exhibiting a three-dimensional crimp make it possible to promote the expansion which will be described below. The fibers are typically bi-material.

The bags 130 may also comprise other elements or materials that typically make it possible to improve the thermal conductivity or the inertia of the insulators.

The fibers 140 disposed within the pockets 130 are, for example, polyester fibers, possibly combined with vegetable or animal fibers, for example fibers of wood, linen or wool. In the case where the fibers 140 are polyester fibers, these fibers 140 typically have a linear density of between 0.2 and 25 denier, more precisely between 0.5 and 15 Denier, or more precisely between 3 and 12 denier.

The synthetic fibers 140 disposed within the pockets 130 may be hollow or solid fibers, and may be silicone.

The films 110 and 120 are typically metallized films based on polyethylene whose emissivity measured on the metallized side according to the EN 16012 standard is typically between 0.02 and 0.12, more precisely between 0.05 and 0.07. .

The layer 100 of thermal insulation typically has a density of between 20 and 250 g / cm 2, more precisely between 20 and 110 g / cm 2.

The layer 100 of thermal insulation typically has a thickness of between 2 and 30 mm as measured according to EN 823 with application of a pressure of 25 Pa.

An insulation system according to an aspect of the invention comprises at least two webs 100 as described above.

FIG. 2 shows such a system, comprising two plies 100 and 200. These two plies are typically as previously described with reference to FIG. 1. The numerical references of the second ply 200 are incremented by 100 relative to the references. used with reference to FIG.

These two plies 100 and 200 are arranged between two membranes E1 and E2 forming an envelope for the plies 100 and 200, the assembly thus forming the insulation system.

As seen in this figure, the two plies 100 and 200 are adapted to be assembled in two disjoint assembly portions, here identified by the references A1 and A2.

The assembly portions may be linear or not. It will be considered in the remainder of the description that they generally extend in a given direction in order to facilitate understanding, it being understood that an example tei is not imitative.

These two assembly portions A1 and A2 are spaced a sufficient distance so as to allow expansion, that is to say an increase in the apparent volume of the system. This expansion results in a spacing of the two plies 100 and 200 between the two assembly portions A1 and A2, thus forming an air cavity between the two plies 100 and 200.

The formation of such an air cavity between the two plies 100 and 200 thus makes it possible to improve the thermal insulation properties of the system, such an air cavity indeed playing an insulating role. The assembly formed by the two plies 100 and 200 as well as the air cavity separating them thus has thermal insulation properties superior to an assembly consisting solely of the two plies 100 and 200 contiguous to each other.

The air cavity thus formed typically has an average thickness of between 1 and 10 mm, and / or a maximum thickness greater than 10 mm or more particularly greater than 20 mm.

Average thickness means an arithmetical average of the thickness of the air cavity measured between the two assembly portions A1 and A2, in a vertical direction, perpendicular to a longitudinal direction defined by an axis passing through the two portions. assembly A1 and A2.

FIG. 2 schematically represents an axis X-X denoting the longitudinal direction, and a Y-Y axis designating the vertical direction in which the height of the air cavities and the different thicknesses are measured.

By maximum thickness of the air cavity is meant the maximum difference between the two plies 100 and 200 measured in the vertical direction Y-Y between two successive assembly portions Al and A2.

The two assembly portions A1 and A2 are typically spaced apart by a distance measured along the X-X axis greater than the length of at least three pockets, or typically greater than the length of at least five pockets.

The assembly portions A1 and A2 are typically spaced at a distance greater than 60 cm, or greater than 80 cm, or greater than 100 cm, 120 cm or 150 cm, and less than 200 cm, 180 cm. cm, at 160 cm, or at 140 cm.

Assembly portions A1 and A2 have a dual function; ensure the maintenance of the system and allow a proliferation as will be seen later.

As can be understood in FIG. 2, during the installation of the system presented for the realization of a thermal insulation of a building, one of the membranes E1 or E2 will be disposed towards the outside of the building, while the the other will be placed towards the interior of the building.

The membrane E1 or E2 disposed towards the interior of the building then typically comprises a vapor barrier film having a water vapor permeability (Sd) of greater than 18 m, while the other membrane E1 or E2 disposed outwardly. the building then typically has a very low water vapor permeability (Sd), for example less than or equal to 0.25 m

Such properties can be transposed regardless of the number of layers used to form the system.

Such properties thus make it possible to obtain a high resistance to water vapor on the inside, and a high permeability to water vapor on the outside. These properties therefore prevent the diffusion of water vapor through the wall and avoid the installation of a remote vapor barrier, and also avoid the risk of condensation.

The system as proposed and allows to combine thermal insulation functions and sealing element to air, water and water vapor, thus excluding the risk of condensation.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of a system according to one aspect of the invention, comprising three superimposed sheets, each sheet being typically as previously described with reference to FIG.

The three plies are here identified by the reference numerals 100, 200 and 300, the numerical references of the plies 200 and 300 being respectively incremented by 100 and 200 relative to the reference numerals used for the description of the ply 100 made previously.

As before, the plies 100, 200 and 300 are assembled in two disjoint assembly portions, here identified by the references A1 and A2.

The system thus formed abounds between these assembly portions, leading to the formation of air cavities between the plies 100, 200 and 300.

It is understood that the air cavities respectively formed between the plies 100 and 200 and between the plies 200 and 300 are not necessarily identical. Such asymmetry has no impact on the high thermal insulation of the system, the formation of two air cavities of identical thickness, or two air cavities of different thicknesses will lead to substantially equal properties as long as the sum Thicknesses of the air cavities are sensibly equal and each of the air cavities has a maximum thickness of less than 20 mm. More specifically, the position of the intermediate web, here the web 200, has a limited impact on the thermal insulation properties of the system.

In the case where the system comprises more than two layers, at least one of the air cavities thus formed typically has an average thickness of between 1 and 10 mm, and / or a maximum thickness of greater than 10 mm or more particularly greater than 10 mm. 20 mm.

Thus, in the example shown in FIG. 3, at least one of the air cavities thus formed typically has an average thickness of between 1 and 10 mm, and / or a maximum thickness of greater than 10 mm or more particularly greater than 20 mm. .

Average thickness means an arithmetical average of the thickness of the air cavity measured between the two assembly portions A1 and A2, in a vertical direction, perpendicular to a longitudinal direction defined by an axis passing through the two portions. assembly A1 and A2.

FIG. 2 schematically represents an axis X-X denoting the longitudinal direction, and a Y-Y axis designating the vertical direction in which the height of the air cavities and the different thicknesses are measured.

By maximum thickness of the air cavity is meant the maximum difference between the two plies 100 and 200 measured in the vertical direction Y-Y between two successive assembly portions Al and A2.

As for the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the two assembly portions A1 and A2 are typically spaced apart by a distance measured along the axis XX greater than the length of at least three pockets, or typically greater than the length of at least five pockets. The assembly portions A1 and A2 are typically spaced at a distance greater than 60 cm, or greater than 80 cm, or greater than 100 cm, at 120 cm at 140 cm, at 160 cm, at 180 cm, at 200 cm, or at 250 cm, and less than 300 cm.

The insulation system according to an aspect of the invention typically has a thickness of between 15 and 400 mm, or between 50 and 260 mm as measured according to EN 823 with application of a pressure of 25 Pa.

The insulation system as shown achieves a thermal conductivity of between 29 and 40 mW / m.K.

Figures 4 to 7 show several examples of application of thermal insulation systems according to an aspect of 1'nvention.

FIG. 4 thus represents an example of application of the system as presented previously for the insulation of a building roof.

This figure shows a sectional view of a roof provided with a thermal insulation system according to an aspect of the invention.

In this figure, a covering element 1 is thus identified, such as tiles 1 forming the roof, support cleats 2 forming the support of the tiles, as well as chevrons 3 and a finishing cladding 4. Cleats 5 are interposed between the cleats supports 2 and rafters 3.

An insulation system 10 is interposed between the rafters and the cleats 5, this insulation system 10 being here as described with reference to FIG. 2.

The support portions between the rafters 3 and the cleats 5 define mounting portions of the system that are identified by the references C1 and C2, these mounting portions here being distinct assembly portions A1 and A2 as shown. in Figure 2.

The mounting portions C1 and C2 are typically in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the assembly portions Al and kl extend.

The embodiment shown is only illustrative, it is understood that the installation can be performed with the system oriented in its longitudinal direction or in its transverse direction.

The mounting portions C1 and C2 are typically spaced a distance between 400 and 600mm, corresponding to the spacing of the rafters in the structure.

Considering the example shown, the mounting portions C1 and C2 extend in a plane perpendicular to the figure defined by the longitudinal direction of the battens 5 and rafters 3, while the assembly portions extend in a perpendicular direction to the cleats 5 and rafters 3 and are therefore not visible in Figure 4.

According to such an embodiment, the system therefore abounds in two directions; between two successive mounting portions, and between two successive assembly portions, so as to ensure the formation of air cavities between the different layers.

In order to promote expansion, one of the membranes of the system may be substantially supercharged with respect to the relevant system membrane during system manufacture. Such supercharging allows to define a favored orientation for the expansion of the sealing system.

If we consider the example shown in FIG. 4, the diaphragm disposed towards the interior, that is to say the membrane closest to the support surface 4 (here the membrane E2) is here typically supercharged with respect to the membrane disposed outwardly (here the membrane El), thus promoting an expansion of the insulation system inwards.

FIG. 5 thus represents an example of application of the system as presented previously and presented here during its application for the insulation of a building roof.

Two insulation systems 10 and 20 are arranged between the rafters and the cleats 5, each insulation system 10 and 20 being as described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. These insulation systems 10 and 20 are schematically represented on Figure 5.

More specifically, each insulation system 10 and 20 is composed of at least two layers of thermal insulation superimposed, each of said layers of thermal insulation being composed of two superposed films and secured to form pockets, each of the pockets comprising synthetic fibers.

As for the embodiment already presented with reference to FIG. 4, the support portions between the rafters 3 and the battens 5 define mounting portions of the system that are referenced by the references C1 and C2, these portions of FIG. mounting here being distinct assembly portions A1 and A2 of the insulation systems 10 and 20.

The mounting portions C1 and C2 are typically in a direction perpendicular to the seismic direction extending the assembly portions A1 and A2.

Referring to the illustrated example, the mounting portions C1 and C2 extend along a plane perpendicular to the figure defined by the longitudinal direction of the battens 5 and rafters 3, while the assembly portions extend in a perpendicular direction. to the cleats 5 and rafters 3 and are therefore not visible in Figure 5.

According to such an embodiment, the system therefore abounds in two directions; between two successive mounting portions, and between two successive assembly portions, so as to ensure the formation of air cavities between the different layers.

In order to facilitate the installation of the insulation system and its vapor barrier 20 between rafters (as indicated in FIG. 5) or the installation of the insulation system and its under-roof membrane membrane 10 between rafters (as represented in FIG. 6) and guarantee the expansion between chevron insulation systems a spacer element 50 is typically used. The spacer element 50 as shown has a general U-shape typically having its curved free edges, and partially surrounds a chevron 3 and one of the insulation systems (here the insulation system 20). The side walls of the spacer 50 thus provide the desired position of the herringbone insulation system. The central portion or base of the U is typically reinforcing so as to remain substantially flat.

Such an assembly of the insulation system 10 or 20 promotes the expansion of the insulation systems 10 and 20, as well as the formation of air cavities between the different plies of the insulation systems 10 and 20.

Fasteners 60 such as staples or nails may be used to secure the spacer 50 and insulation system (s) 10 and / or on the rafters 3 and / or on the cleats. 5. The installation between a wood frame (chevron) of an insulation system or a vapor barrier membrane (with a Sd typically> 18 m) or a screen membrane of under-roof (having a Sd typically < 0.25 m) with the aid of the spacing element 50 is simplified compared to a conventional laying requiring a large number of staples or more generally means for fixing the insulation systems. The spacer 50 is typically made of metal or plastic.

Figure 6 shows another example of application of the system as presented above for the insulation of a building roof.

The elements in common with FIGS. 4 and 5 previously described are not described in detail here. Note that the position of the rafters 3 and cleats 5 is reversed; the rafters 3 are here arranged between the support cleats 2 and the cleats 5, the latter supporting the finishing cladding 4.

A first insulation system 10 is here interposed between the rafters 3 and the cleats 5, while a second insulation system is interposed between the cleats 5 and the finishing cladding 4.

Their respective mounting portions are indicated by the addition of the index 10 or 20 to the references C1 and C2.

As before, one of the insulation systems, here the insulation system 10, is coupled to spacers 50, thus providing spacing between the two insulation systems 10 and 20 so as to promote the formation cavities of air between their different tablecloths.

Figure 7 shows another example of application of the system as presented above for the insulation of a building roof.

This example illustrated in FIG. 7 is a variant of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, in which counter-chevrons 7 are interposed between the rafters 3 and the cleats 5.

The first insulation system 10 is here disposed between the brackets 5 and the counter-rafters 1, while the second insulation system 20 is disposed between the rafters 3 and the counter-rafters 7.

The two insulation systems 10 and 20 are spaced apart by the counter-chevrons 7, the latter being arranged between the two insulation systems 10 and 20. In such a configuration, depending on the dimensions of the counter-rafters 7, it is possible to overcome spacer elements 50.

The various examples of use described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7 illustrate several uses of an insulation system according to one aspect of the invention.

These figures show examples of use comprising two insulation systems identified by the reference numerals 10 and 20.

It is understood that one of these insulation systems can be replaced by another suitable insulation system. one of these insulation systems may for example be replaced by an insulator as marketed by ACTIS under the trade name HYBRIS.

Claims (10)

1. Thermal insulation system of a building, comprising at least two layers (100, 200) of superimposed thermal insulation, each of said layers of thermal insulation being composed of two films (110, 120) superimposed and secured in a manner to form pockets (130), each of the pockets (130) comprising synthetic fibers (140), said layers (100, 200) of thermal insulation being assembled in disjoint assembly portions (A1, A2) so as to allow the formation of air cavities between the layers (100, 200) of thermal insulation. The thermal insulation system according to claim 1, wherein the joining portions (A1, A2) are spaced apart a distance greater than the length of at least three pockets, the length of the pockets (130) being measured along a median axis (X100, X200) of the web (100, 200). 3. thermal insulation system according to claim 2, wherein the pockets (130) have a maximum dimension measured along a median axis (X100, X200) of the web (100, 200) between 1 and 60 cm, more precisely between 1 and 20 cm, or between 1 and 10 cm, or equal to 5 cm. 4. Thermal insulating system according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each layer (100, 200) of thermal insulation has a density of between 20 and 250 g / cm 2, more precisely between 20 and 110 g / cc. 5. thermal insulation system according to one of claims 1 to 4, whereini thei films (110, 120, 210, 220) superimposed webs (100, 200) are secured by sewing, welding or caiandrage. 6. Thermal insulation system according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the insulation webs (100, 200) are assembled to allow the formation of air cavities between the webs (100, 200). ) of thermal insulation having a maximum thickness greater than 10 mm or more particularly greater than 20 mm. The thermal insulation system according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the synthetic fibers (140) comprise polyester fibers, typically have a linear density of between 0.2 and 25 Denier, more precisely between 0, 5 and 15 Denier, or more precisely between 3 and 12 Denier. 8. Thermal insulation system according to one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a two membranes (E1, E2) forming an envelope around the sheets (100, 200), one of the membranes (E1, E2). ) being supercharged with respect to the other membrane (E2, El). 9. An assembly comprising a thermal insulation system (10, 20) according to one of claims 1 to 8 and at least one spacer element (50), said spacer element (50) being configured so as to engaging a rafter so as to grip said thermal insulation system on the chevron. The assembly of claim 9, wherein said spacer member (50) is U-shaped, and is typically made of plastic or metal material.