NO309702B1 - Powdered protein material with binding properties adapted for use as a protein source and binder in formulated feed, as well as a process for its preparation - Google Patents

Powdered protein material with binding properties adapted for use as a protein source and binder in formulated feed, as well as a process for its preparation Download PDF

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Publication number
NO309702B1
NO309702B1 NO985919A NO985919A NO309702B1 NO 309702 B1 NO309702 B1 NO 309702B1 NO 985919 A NO985919 A NO 985919A NO 985919 A NO985919 A NO 985919A NO 309702 B1 NO309702 B1 NO 309702B1
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protein
powdered
accordance
fish
hydrolyzate
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NO985919A
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Norwegian (no)
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NO985919D0 (en
NO985919L (en
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Tor Andreas Samuelsen
Aage Oterhals
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Sildolje & Sildemelind Forsk
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Priority to NO985919A priority Critical patent/NO309702B1/en
Publication of NO985919D0 publication Critical patent/NO985919D0/en
Priority to AU15880/00A priority patent/AU1588000A/en
Priority to PCT/NO1999/000385 priority patent/WO2000035299A1/en
Publication of NO985919L publication Critical patent/NO985919L/en
Publication of NO309702B1 publication Critical patent/NO309702B1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
    • A23K20/147—Polymeric derivatives, e.g. peptides or proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23J—PROTEIN COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS; WORKING-UP PROTEINS FOR FOODSTUFFS; PHOSPHATIDE COMPOSITIONS FOR FOODSTUFFS
    • A23J3/00—Working-up of proteins for foodstuffs
    • A23J3/04—Animal proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/20—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by moulding, e.g. making cakes or briquettes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K40/25—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by extrusion
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
    • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Birds (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
  • Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)

Description

Den foreliggende oppfinnelse vedrører et pulverformet proteinmateriale som har et proteininnhold på over 35% og som i formulert for funksjonerer både som proteinkilde og bindemiddel. The present invention relates to a powdered protein material which has a protein content of over 35% and which, when formulated, functions both as a protein source and binder.

Oppfinnelsen vedrører også et fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av proteinmaterialet. The invention also relates to a method for producing the protein material.

Oppdrett av fisk og andre marine organismer øker sterkt, og behovet for formulert for er økende. Sammenlignet med for til vanlige husdyr har slikt for relativt høyt innhold av protein. En økende andel av verdens fiske-melproduksjon anvendes i formulert fiskefor, i form av pellets, og vegetabilske proteinformidler, encelleprotein og andre animalske proteinformidler inngår som supplement. Tidligere inneholdt slikt for betydelige mengder karbo-hydrater eller andre bindemidler som gir en forpellet med tilfredsstillende styrke, men som har lav næringsverdi. Utviklingen har gått mot for med høyt energiinnhold, og det blir da mindre rom for bindemidler med lav næringsverdi, og det oppstår problemer ved at forpelleten ikke har stor nok styrke til å tåle behandlingen den utsettes for under prosessering, lagring og transport. Farming of fish and other marine organisms is increasing strongly, and the need for formulated for is increasing. Compared to fodder for normal livestock, this fodder has a relatively high protein content. An increasing proportion of the world's fishmeal production is used in formulated fish feed, in the form of pellets, and vegetable protein mediators, single-cell protein and other animal protein mediators are included as supplements. In the past, this contained too significant amounts of carbohydrates or other binders which give a pre-pellet with satisfactory strength, but which has a low nutritional value. Development has moved towards pellets with a high energy content, and there is then less room for binders with low nutritional value, and problems arise in that the pre-pellet does not have sufficient strength to withstand the treatment it is subjected to during processing, storage and transport.

I fiskefor er fiskemel en av hovedingrediensene, og forpelletens styrke bestemmes i stor grad av fiskemelets fysiske egenskaper, som vil variere med fiskeart, fangst-sesong og prosessbetingelsene i fiskemelfabrikken. In fish feed, fish meal is one of the main ingredients, and the strength of the feed pellet is determined to a large extent by the physical properties of the fish meal, which will vary with the species of fish, the catch season and the processing conditions in the fish meal factory.

I litteraturen er fiskeensilasje først omtalt av svenske forskere (H. Edin, (1940): Nord. Jordbr. Forsk., Vol 22, p 142. - N. Olsson, (1942): Landbrukshøgskolans Husdjursforsøksanstalt (1942), Rapport No.7). Senere er en lang rekke arbeider publisert (Eksempler: I. Tatterson, i «Proe. of the Torry Res. Station Symp. on Fish Silage», Aberdeen (1976), p 1-10. - A. Gildberg, J. Raa (1979): Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 63B, p 309.- D. Potter, I. Tatterson, J. Wignall i «Advances in Fish Science and Technology» (ed. J.J. ConnellJ, Fishing News Books Ltd. In the literature, fish silage is first mentioned by Swedish researchers (H. Edin, (1940): Nord. Jordbr. Forsk., Vol 22, p 142. - N. Olsson, (1942): Landbrukshøgskolans Husdjursforsøksanstalt (1942), Report No.7 ). Later, a long series of works were published (Examples: I. Tatterson, in "Proe. of the Torry Res. Station Symp. on Fish Silage", Aberdeen (1976), p 1-10. - A. Gildberg, J. Raa ( 1979): Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 63B, p 309.- D. Potter, I. Tatterson, J. Wignall in "Advances in Fish Science and Technology" (ed. J.J. ConnellJ, Fishing News Books Ltd.

(1980), p 338-343). (1980), p 338-343).

Ensilasjen fremstilles ved at fisk, eller deler av fisk, males opp og tilsettes syre, vanligvis maursyre, til pH 3,5-4. Massen kan da lagres uten bakteriell nedbrytning, men fiskens egne enzymer vil forårsake en hydrolyse av proteinene til peptider og aminosyrer (S. Vecchi, , Z. Coppes (1996): J. Food Biochem., Vol 20, p 193-214). Et annet lignende hydrolysat kan fremstilles ved at protein-holdig materiale, som animalsk eller vegetabilsk protein eller encelleprotein behandles med proteolyttiske enzymer på i og for seg kjent måte (J. Adler-Nissen «Enzymic Hydrolysis of Food Proteins», Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, Ltd., 1986, G. Søbstad: «Meldinger fra SSF» Nr. 2 p 11-14, 1980 - F. Jacobsen, , 0. Lykke-Rasmussen: Process Biochem, 1984, p 165-169). Graden av hydrolyse kan bestemmes på forskjellige måter, men angis ofte som den prosentvise andel av protein (nitrogen x 6,25) som ikke felles ut i vann tilsatt 5% trikloreddiksyre, dvs. at en hydrolysegrad på 50% betyr at 50% av proteinet er løselig i vann som inneholder 5% trikloreddiksyre. The silage is made by grinding fish, or parts of fish, and adding acid, usually formic acid, to a pH of 3.5-4. The pulp can then be stored without bacterial degradation, but the fish's own enzymes will cause a hydrolysis of the proteins into peptides and amino acids (S. Vecchi, , Z. Coppes (1996): J. Food Biochem., Vol 20, p 193-214). Another similar hydrolyzate can be prepared by treating protein-containing material, such as animal or vegetable protein or single-cell protein, with proteolytic enzymes in a manner known per se (J. Adler-Nissen "Enzymic Hydrolysis of Food Proteins", Elsevier Applied Science Publishers, Ltd., 1986, G. Søbstad: "Notices from SSF" No. 2 p 11-14, 1980 - F. Jacobsen, , 0. Lykke-Rasmussen: Process Biochem, 1984, p 165-169). The degree of hydrolysis can be determined in different ways, but is often stated as the percentage of protein (nitrogen x 6.25) that does not precipitate in water added with 5% trichloroacetic acid, i.e. that a degree of hydrolysis of 50% means that 50% of the protein is soluble in water containing 5% trichloroacetic acid.

Det er kjent industrielle prosesser hvor råensilasje av fisk varmes opp og olje separeres fra før ensilasjen konsentreres ved inndamping til et tørrstoffinnhold på 30-50%. (B. Stormo, T. Strøm: «Ensilering av fiskeslo», FTFI-Rapport nr. 663.2-4-3, Fiskeriforskning, Tromsø, Des. 1978). Både råensilasje og ensilasjekonsentrat anvendes som råstoff for fremstilling av for til husdyr og fisk (F.E. Stone, (1989) Aquaculture, Vol 76 (1-2) p 109-118. - D. Manikandavelu, et al. (1992) Fish Technol., Vol 29 (2) p 111-113). There are known industrial processes where raw fish silage is heated and oil is separated from it before the silage is concentrated by evaporation to a dry matter content of 30-50%. (B. Stormo, T. Strøm: "Ensilering av fiskeslo", FTFI Report no. 663.2-4-3, Fiskeriforskning, Tromsø, Dec. 1978). Both raw silage and silage concentrate are used as raw material for the production of feed for livestock and fish (F.E. Stone, (1989) Aquaculture, Vol 76 (1-2) p 109-118. - D. Manikandavelu, et al. (1992) Fish Technol. , Vol 29 (2) p 111-113).

Under ensileringsprosessen vil det skje en delvis nedbryting av enkelte viktige aminosyrer (A. Gildberg, J. Raa: J. Sei. Food Agric, Vol 28, 1977, p 647). Til dyr med krevende næringsbehov, for eksempel fisk, bør derfor ensilasjen anvendes sammen med en annen høyverdig proteinkilde, for eksempel fiskemel. During the ensiling process, a partial breakdown of certain important amino acids will occur (A. Gildberg, J. Raa: J. Sei. Food Agric, Vol 28, 1977, p 647). For animals with demanding nutritional needs, for example fish, the silage should therefore be used together with another high-quality protein source, for example fishmeal.

Proteinhydrolysater har gode bindeegenskaper i formulert for og medvirker til å gi en forpellet med ønsket styrke. Bortsett fra fiskeoljen foreligger de fleste rå-stofftyper som anvendes i slikt for i tørr form, og prosessteknisk vil det være en fordel om også proteinhydrolysatet foreligger som pulver. Proteinhydrolysat har et høyt innhold av stoffer med limegenskaper og vil i tørr form derfor fremstå som et hygroskopisk pulver med dårlige pulveregenskaper. Protein hydrolysates have good binding properties when formulated for and contribute to providing a pre-pellet with the desired strength. Apart from the fish oil, most of the types of raw material used in this type of feed are available in dry form, and process-wise it would be an advantage if the protein hydrolyzate was also available as a powder. Protein hydrolyzate has a high content of substances with adhesive properties and in dry form will therefore appear as a hygroscopic powder with poor powder properties.

Innblanding av slikt pulver i en forblanding er problematisk. Mixing such powder into a premix is problematic.

Et formål med den foreliggende oppfinnelse er å frembringe et proteinmateriale som ikke medfører det ovennevnte problem og som gir en forpellet med tilfredsstillende styrke og høyt energiinnhold. An aim of the present invention is to produce a protein material which does not entail the above-mentioned problem and which provides a pre-pellet with satisfactory strength and high energy content.

Videre er det et formål med oppfinnelsen å frembringe en fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av proteinmaterialet. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to produce a method for producing the protein material.

Disse formål er oppnådd med de kjennetegnende trekk i henholdsvis krav 1 og krav 9. These purposes have been achieved with the characteristic features in claim 1 and claim 9, respectively.

Eksempler på matriks er presskake fra fiskemelproses-sen, fiskemel, kjøtt/beinmel, soyamel, o.l.. Det oppnås derved proteinmaterialer som, i tillegg til gode ernærings-messige egenskaper, også har tilfredsstillende pulver-tekniske egenskaper og, som anvendt i formulert for, gir en pellet med tilfredsstillende styrke uten anvendelse av andre bindemidler. Videre er det vist at slike protein-mateialer kan anvendes som bindemiddel ved produksjon av formulert for hvor andre råvarer gir for dårlige bindeegenskaper . Examples of matrices are press cake from the fishmeal process, fishmeal, meat/bone meal, soymeal, etc. This results in protein materials which, in addition to good nutritional properties, also have satisfactory powder-technical properties and, as used in formulated for, gives a pellet with satisfactory strength without the use of other binders. Furthermore, it has been shown that such protein materials can be used as binders in the production of formulations for which other raw materials give too poor binding properties.

Oppfinnelsen vil bli nærmere forklart ved hjelp av de etterfølgende utførelseseksempler, under henvisning til de medfølgende tegninger som viser sammenheng mellom anvendt mengde hydrolysat og det fremstilte materiales egenskaper. The invention will be explained in more detail with the help of the following examples, with reference to the accompanying drawings which show the relationship between the amount of hydrolyzate used and the properties of the material produced.

Eksempel 1: Example 1:

Det ble fremstilt forpellet fra to fiskemel (Fl og F2), produsert på samme fabrikk av samme fiskeråstoff, uten og med tilsats av fiskeensilasje. F2 ble produsert ved at 10% av råstoffet inn på koker ble erstattet med fiskeensilasje. Tørr formasse inn på ekstruder inneholdt 76 vekt% av enten Fl eller F2. Formassen inneholdt også 19 vekt% hvetemel. Fettinnhold i formassen ble justert med fiskeolje til 11 vekt% før ekstrudering. Ekstrudering ble utført ved like betingelser og med 7 mm matrise. Produsert pellet, Al fra formasse med Fl og A2 fra formasse med F2, ble tørket til et vanninnhold på 7 vekt%. The pre-pellet was made from two fishmeals (Fl and F2), produced in the same factory from the same fish raw material, without and with the addition of fish silage. F2 was produced by replacing 10% of the raw material in the boiler with fish silage. Dry form mass entering the extruder contained 76% by weight of either Fl or F2. The preform also contained 19% by weight of wheat flour. Fat content in the form mass was adjusted with fish oil to 11% by weight before extrusion. Extrusion was carried out under the same conditions and with a 7 mm matrix. Produced pellet, Al from form pulp with Fl and A2 from form pulp with F2, was dried to a water content of 7% by weight.

Etterfølgende tabell viser en sammenligning av fysisk kvalitet av pellet fra de 2 forblandingene. Analysene ble utført på tørket pellet før tilsats av olje til ønsket sluttnivå for å oppnå høyere fettinnhold gjerne opp til 30-40%. The following table shows a comparison of the physical quality of pellets from the 2 premixes. The analyzes were carried out on dried pellets before adding oil to the desired final level to achieve a higher fat content, preferably up to 30-40%.

Pneumatisk durabilitet bestemmes ifølge en standardisert metode for simulert pneumatisk transport og angir % av den andel av pelleten som ikke har gått i stykker. Pneumatic durability is determined according to a standardized method for simulated pneumatic transport and indicates the % of the proportion of the pellet that has not broken.

Tallene for pneumatisk durabilitet viser at forpellet fra fiskemel F2 har høyere styrke og tåler pneumatisk transport bedre enn forpellet fra fiskemel fra Fl. The figures for pneumatic durability show that the prepellet from fishmeal F2 has higher strength and withstands pneumatic transport better than the prepellet from fishmeal from Fl.

Eksempel 2: Example 2:

Det ble fremstilt forpellet fra to fiskemel F3 og F4 med forskjellig mengde hydrolysert limvannsprotein som fiskehydrolysat. Meiene ble produsert på samme fabrikk av samme fiskeråstoff. F4 inneholdt dobbel mengde hydrolysert limvannsprotein sammenlignet med F3. Formassen inn på ekstruder inneholdt enten F3 eller F4. For F3 utgjorde hydrolysert protein 8,5 vekt% av tørr formasse, og for F4 15,7 vekt%. Formassen hadde ellers samme innhold av andre ingredienser og ble ekstrudert/tørket som beskrevet i eksempel 1. Produsert pellet, A3 fra formasse med F3 og A4 fra formasse med F4, ble sammenlignet med hensyn på fysisk kvalitet. Analysene ble utført på tørket pellet etter tilsats av fiskeolje til ønsket sluttnivå. The pre-pellet was prepared from two fishmeals F3 and F4 with different amounts of hydrolysed glutinous protein as fish hydrolyzate. The fish were produced in the same factory from the same fish raw material. F4 contained twice the amount of hydrolysed glue water protein compared to F3. The premass into the extruder contained either F3 or F4. For F3, hydrolysed protein accounted for 8.5% by weight of dry form mass, and for F4 15.7% by weight. The preform otherwise had the same content of other ingredients and was extruded/dried as described in example 1. The pellet produced, A3 from preform with F3 and A4 from preform with F4, was compared with regard to physical quality. The analyzes were carried out on dried pellets after adding fish oil to the desired final level.

Tallene viser at forpellet fra F3 har lav styrke og tåler ikke pneumatisk transport. Både styrke og pneumatisk durabilitet er dramatisk forbedret i forpellet fra F4. The figures show that the pre-pellet from F3 has low strength and cannot withstand pneumatic transport. Both strength and pneumatic durability have been dramatically improved in the pre-pellet from F4.

Eksempel 3: Example 3:

Med basis i fiskeråstoff, nemlig limvann fra fiskemel-prosessen ble 3 fraksjoner med forskjellig innhold av hydrolysert protein produsert: Based on fish raw material, namely glue water from the fishmeal process, 3 fractions with different contents of hydrolysed protein were produced:

Pl: Limvannsfraksjon med 31% hydrolysert protein. Pl: Glue water fraction with 31% hydrolysed protein.

P2: Limvannsfraksjon med 48% hydrolysert protein. P2: Glue water fraction with 48% hydrolysed protein.

P3: Limvannsfraksjon med 90% hydrolysert protein. P3: Glue water fraction with 90% hydrolysed protein.

Med utgangspunkt i et fiskemel (F5) og de tre lim-vannsf raks joner ble det fremstilt 4 fiskemel: Starting from a fishmeal (F5) and the three glue-water fractions, 4 fishmeals were produced:

F5: Fiskemel, 100% F5: Fishmeal, 100%

F6: F5 med Pl i forhold 91,5 % : 8,5 %. F6: F5 with Pl in ratio 91.5% : 8.5%.

F7: F5 med P2 i forhold 91,5 % : 8,5 %. F7: F5 with P2 in ratio 91.5% : 8.5%.

F8: F5 med P3 i forhold 91,5 % : 8,5 %. F8: F5 with P3 in ratio 91.5% : 8.5%.

Formasse inn på ekstruder inneholdt enten F5, F6, F7 eller F8. For F6 utgjorde hydrolysert protein 9,1 vekt% av tørr formasse, for F7 9,7 vekt%, og for F8 11 vekt%. For-massene hadde ellers samme innhold av andre ingredienser og ble ekstrudert/tørket som beskrevet i eksempel 1. Produsert pellet, A5, A6, A7 og A8 fra henholdsvis formasse med F5, F6, F7 og F8 ble sammenlignet med hensyn på fysisk kvalitet. Analysene ble utført på tørket pellet før tilsats av olje til ønsket sluttnivå. Premass into extruder contained either F5, F6, F7 or F8. For F6, hydrolysed protein constituted 9.1% by weight of dry form mass, for F7 9.7% by weight, and for F8 11% by weight. The pre-masses otherwise had the same content of other ingredients and were extruded/dried as described in example 1. Produced pellets, A5, A6, A7 and A8 from respectively pre-mass with F5, F6, F7 and F8 were compared with regard to physical quality. The analyzes were carried out on dried pellets before adding oil to the desired final level.

Det fremgår av tabellen at forpelletens styrke, målt ved pneumatisk durabilitet, og pelletens stabilitet i vann øker med økende tilsats av hydrolysert protein. Plottes både pneumatisk durabilitet og vannstabilitet som funksjon av mengde hydrolysert protein inn på ekstruder for A6, A7 og A8 oppnås en lineær sammenheng som vist i figur 1 og 2. It appears from the table that the strength of the pre-pellet, measured by pneumatic durability, and the pellet's stability in water increase with increasing addition of hydrolysed protein. If both pneumatic durability and water stability are plotted as a function of amount of hydrolysed protein into the extruder for A6, A7 and A8, a linear relationship is obtained as shown in Figures 1 and 2.

Eksempel 4: Example 4:

Et proteinbasert bindemiddel ble fremstilt ved at fiskeensilasje ble tørket på en matriks av fiskemel. Binde-midlet (P4) inneholdt på tørrstoffbasis 42 vekt% fiskeensilasje. Ved blanding av fiskemel (F9) og bindemiddel (P4) ble det fremstilt 5 fiskemel: A protein-based binder was produced by drying fish silage on a matrix of fishmeal. The binder (P4) contained on a dry matter basis 42% by weight of fish silage. By mixing fishmeal (F9) and binder (P4), 5 fishmeals were produced:

F9: Fiskemel, 100% F9: Fishmeal, 100%

F10: F9 med P4 i forhold 99,1 % : 0,9 %. F10: F9 with P4 in ratio 99.1% : 0.9%.

Fil: F9 med P4 i forhold 98,3 % : 1,7 % File: F9 with P4 in ratio 98.3% : 1.7%

F12: F9 med P4 i forhold 96,6 % : 3,4 %. F12: F9 with P4 in ratio 96.6% : 3.4%.

F13: F9 med P4 i forhold 91,4 % : 8,6 %. F13: F9 with P4 in ratio 91.4% : 8.6%.

Formassen inn på ekstruder inneholdt enten F9, F10, Fil, F12 eller F13. Formassen hadde ellers samme innhold av andre ingredienser og ble ekstrudert/tørket som beskrevet i eksempel 1. Produsert pellet, A9, A10, All, A12 og A13 fra henholdsvis formasse med F9, F10, Fil, F12 og F13 ble sammenlignet med hensyn på fysisk kvalitet. Analysene ble utført på tørket pellet før tilsats av olje til ønsket sluttnivå. The premass into the extruder contained either F9, F10, Fil, F12 or F13. The preform otherwise had the same content of other ingredients and was extruded/dried as described in example 1. Produced pellets, A9, A10, All, A12 and A13 from preform respectively with F9, F10, Fil, F12 and F13 were compared with regard to physical quality. The analyzes were carried out on dried pellets before adding oil to the desired final level.

Mekanisk durabilitet bestemmes ifølge en standardisert metode for simulering av bulktransport. Mechanical durability is determined according to a standardized method for simulating bulk transport.

Forpelletens styrke, målt ved mekanisk durabilitet, og pelletens stabilitet i vann øker med økende tilsats av bindemiddel P4. Plottes både mekanisk durabilitet og vannstabilitet som funksjon av mengde P4 inn på ekstruderen for A9, A10, All, A12 og A13 oppnås en lineær sammenheng som vist i figur 3 og 4. The strength of the pre-pellet, measured by mechanical durability, and the pellet's stability in water increase with increasing addition of binder P4. If both mechanical durability and water stability are plotted as a function of the amount of P4 into the extruder for A9, A10, All, A12 and A13, a linear relationship is obtained as shown in Figures 3 and 4.

Claims (10)

1. Pulverformet proteinmateriale som har et proteininnhold på over 35 vekt% og som i formulert for funksjonerer både som proteinkilde og bindemiddel, karakterisert ved at det omfatter et proteinhydrolysat som er tørket på eller sammen med en matriks av partikler av et annet protein av animalsk og/eller vegetabilsk opprinnelse og/eller encelleprotein.1. Powdered protein material which has a protein content of over 35% by weight and which, in formulation, functions both as a protein source and binding agent, characterized in that it comprises a protein hydrolyzate which has been dried on or together with a matrix of particles of another protein of animal and /or vegetable origin and/or single cell protein. 2. Pulverformet proteinmateriale i samsvar med krav 1, karakterisert ved at matriksen omfatter fiskemel og/eller presskake fra fremstilling av fiskemel.2. Powdered protein material in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the matrix comprises fishmeal and/or press cake from the production of fishmeal. 3. Pulverformet proteinmateriale i samsvar med krav 1, karakterisert ved at matriksen omfatter kj øtt/beinmel.3. Powdered protein material in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that the matrix comprises meat/bone meal. 4. Pulverformet proteinmateriale i samsvar med krav 1-3, karakterisert ved at matriksen omfatter mel av soya, raps, eller annet vegetabilsk protein, eller encelleprotein, eller blandinger av disse, med proteininnhold på minst 35 vekt%.4. Powdered protein material in accordance with claims 1-3, characterized in that the matrix comprises meal from soy, rapeseed, or other vegetable protein, or single-cell protein, or mixtures thereof, with a protein content of at least 35% by weight. 5. Pulverformet proteinmateriale i samsvar med et av de foregående krav, karakterisert ved at proteinhydrolysatet er fremstilt ved hydrolyse av animalsk og/eller vegetabilsk protein og/eller encelleprotein.5. Powdered protein material in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the protein hydrolyzate is produced by hydrolysis of animal and/or vegetable protein and/or single-cell protein. 6. Pulverformet proteinmateriale i samsvar med krav 5, karakterisert ved at proteinhydrolysatet er fiskeensilasje, enten i rå eller konsentrert form.6. Powdered protein material in accordance with claim 5, characterized in that the protein hydrolyzate is fish silage, either in raw or concentrated form. 7. Pulverformet proteinmateriale i samsvar med et av de foregående krav, karakterisert ved at proteinhydrolysatet har en hydrolysegrad på minst 50 vekt%.7. Powdered protein material in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the protein hydrolyzate has a degree of hydrolysis of at least 50% by weight. 8. Pulverformet proteinmateriale i samsvar med et av de foregående krav, karakterisert ved at protein fra proteinhydrolysatet utgjør 5-95 vekt% av proteinmaterialets tørrstoffinnhold.8. Powdered protein material in accordance with one of the preceding claims, characterized in that protein from the protein hydrolyzate constitutes 5-95% by weight of the dry matter content of the protein material. 9. Fremgangsmåte til fremstilling av et pulverformet proteinmateriale ifølge et av de foregående krav, hvor proteinmaterialet har et proteininnhold på over 35 vekt% og i formulert for funksjonerer både som proteinkilde og bindemiddel, karakterisert ved at et proteinhydrolysat i flytende form tørkes på eller sammen med en matriks av partikler av et annet protein av animalsk eller vegetabilsk opprinnelse og/eller encelleprotein.9. Process for producing a powdered protein material according to one of the preceding claims, where the protein material has a protein content of over 35% by weight and is formulated to function both as a protein source and binder, characterized in that a protein hydrolyzate in liquid form is dried on or together with a matrix of particles of another protein of animal or vegetable origin and/or single cell protein. 10. Fremgangsmåte i samsvar med krav 9, karakterisert ved at det som proteinhydrolysat anvendes fiskeensilasje, hydrolysert fiskeprotein, encelleprotein, vegetabilsk protein eller en blanding av disse.10. Method in accordance with claim 9, characterized in that fish silage, hydrolysed fish protein, single cell protein, vegetable protein or a mixture of these are used as protein hydrolyzate.
NO985919A 1998-12-17 1998-12-17 Powdered protein material with binding properties adapted for use as a protein source and binder in formulated feed, as well as a process for its preparation NO309702B1 (en)

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NO985919A NO309702B1 (en) 1998-12-17 1998-12-17 Powdered protein material with binding properties adapted for use as a protein source and binder in formulated feed, as well as a process for its preparation
AU15880/00A AU1588000A (en) 1998-12-17 1999-12-16 A powdered protein composition having binding properties adapted for use as protein source and binder in a formulated feed
PCT/NO1999/000385 WO2000035299A1 (en) 1998-12-17 1999-12-16 A powdered protein composition having binding properties adapted for use as protein source and binder in a formulated feed

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US3697285A (en) * 1969-10-10 1972-10-10 Rohm & Haas Fish protein solubilization using alkaline bacterial protease
FR2542013B1 (en) * 1983-03-01 1986-01-03 Abc Bio Ind PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION AND STORAGE OF A PROTEIN HYDROLYSAT USEFUL IN PARTICULAR IN THE AGRI-FOOD FIELD
JPS60184360A (en) * 1984-03-01 1985-09-19 Ajinomoto General Food Kk Method for improving palatability of pet food
US4764383A (en) * 1985-10-21 1988-08-16 Michael Drebot Soft homogenous fish bait
FI860623A (en) * 1986-01-13 1987-07-14 Paul Petroff FOERFARANDE FOER FRAMSTAELLNING AV FISKFODERPELLETS.
FR2663200B1 (en) * 1990-06-19 1993-04-02 Distrival Sa PROGRESSIVELY DISSOLVED FOODS FOR AQUATIC ANIMAL NUTRITION AND PROCESS FOR OBTAINING SAME.

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