NL8600467A - Prodn. of animal feed for animals with short digestive tracts - by extruding mixt. of base feed, premix and fat, cutting extrudate into pieces and drying - Google Patents

Abstract

Prodn. of animal feed granules is effected by (a) intimately mixing 40-60 pts.wt. of a base feed with a moisture content of 40-70%, 30-50 pts.wt. of a premix and 10-20 pts.wt. of oil or fat; (b) extruding the mixt.; (c) cutting the extrudate into pieces; and (d) drying the prod.. Pref. the base feed comprises slaughterhouse waste and/or semi-finished prods. (e.g. meat, fat or blood), fish waste or vegetable material. The premix comprises pretreated starch prods. and vitamins. The oil is fish oil or soya oil and the fat is lard or tallow.

Description

NL 33284-Kp / vD - 1 - *

Method for the preparation of feed pellets.

The invention relates to a method for the preparation of feed pellets.

Feed conversion 5 by the animal plays an important role in the economically responsible production of high-quality food such as meat and fish. The aim is to use as little feed as possible per kilo of meat or fish to be produced. Fish farming was not dissatisfied when 1.5 kg of feed was required per kilogram of weight gain.

An object of the invention is to provide animal feed which enables a better feed / meat ratio and therefore makes an important contribution to the economically responsible production of meat and fish.

To this end, the invention provides a method for the preparation of animal feed pellets, characterized in that 40-60 parts by weight of raw material with a moisture content of 40-70%, 30-50 parts by weight of premix and 10-20 parts by weight of oil or grease are thoroughly mixed together, after which the resulting mixture is slurried and the strands obtained are cut into granules and the wet granules are dried into the final product.

Surprisingly, it has been found that a particularly favorable feed / meat ratio is obtained with the feed pellets obtained according to the present method, which ratio breaks through the magical 1-1 limit.

Moreover, it is surprising that the feed pellets thus obtained, despite their high fat content, are free-flowing and remain flee-flowing for a long period of time, i.e. that there is practically no fat separation.

The animal feed pellets prepared according to the invention are particularly suitable for animal species with a short intestinal tract. This includes trout and salmon on the one hand and cats, mink, foxes, etc. on the other.

According to the invention, use can be made of a raw material, which belongs to the following three categories: 1. offal in the broadest sense of the word, originating from slaughterhouses, including meat offal, fat offal, blood -). y / - 2 - etc ..

2. fish waste products and semi-finished products from the fish processing industry. In particular, one can think of fish press cake with a dry matter content of 50%, which arises during the processing of fish into fish feed.

3. Vegetable material and offal from the preserves and dairy industry, in particular undissolved residues in the production of beer, which are residues of barley origin. Such residues arise from the fermentation of barley.

When using offal as raw material, the finished animal feed is particularly suitable for carnivorous animals such as cats, mink, foxes, etc., while when using fish offal as raw material, the feed obtained is particularly suitable for fish, such as trout, salmon, etc. ..

Another essential component of the animal feed prepared according to the invention is a premix, which is a mixture of pre-processed starch products and vitamins.

Such a premix contains about 1-3% vitamins.

Prepared starch products are to be understood to mean starch products which have been processed in such a way that their digestion is facilitated. This could include soy and other carbohydrate-containing substances.

Oil or fat belongs to the third essential component in the preparation of the present animal feeds. As oil, one can use vegetable or animal oil, including fish oil or soybean oil. Pig fat, beef fat, etc. can be used as fat.

It should be noted that the moisture content of the mixture of the above three components should be between 20-40%.

When the moisture content of the starting mixture is greater than 40%, the starting mixture appears to be too watery too weak to be processed.

Such a processing problem also occurs when the moisture content of the starting mixture is less than 20%, because in this case the starting mixture is too dry.

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It has been found that particularly good fish feed pellets can be prepared according to the present method, for which the method according to the invention is characterized in that 60 parts by weight of fish press cake with a moisture content of approx. 50%, 5 parts by weight of premix and 10 parts by weight. parts of fish oil are thoroughly mixed together on a ribbon blender for 10-15 min, then the resulting mixture is transferred into a cold forming machine and molded therein and the resulting strands are cut into granules, followed by transferring the wet granules in a belt dryer, where the granules are dried with air of 80-90 ° C for 10-30 min, such that the temperature of the granules does not exceed 60 ° C, after which the granules thus dried are sieved with delivery of the 15 desired fish feed pellets.

It has surprisingly been found that the fish feed granules thus prepared have a so-called feed / meat ratio of 0.8 kg of feed to 1 kg of meat, which ratio has hitherto been unknown. In addition, the feed pellets may contain 20-40% by weight of fat.

This favorable feed / flow ratio is mainly due to the drying conditions of the granules formed, the internal temperature of the granules not exceeding 60 ° C, thereby minimizing denaturation of the heat sensitive proteins and amino acids, as well as the high fat content of the grains.

In addition, the energy-rich fish feed pellets according to the invention have the advantage that they remain floating in the water and practically no disintegration occurs in the water, so that the culture water remains clear. Furthermore, the clarity of the culture water is favorably influenced by a particularly good use of the feed pellets, as a result of which the fish produces a relatively small amount of waste. In this connection, it is still important that the fish needs only 0.8 kg of feed per kg of weight gain instead of 1.5 kg according to the prior art, which of course results in less waste production.

The present method is furthermore particularly suitable.

* - 'v -> - 4 - Λ * "** ~~ for the preparation of feed pellets for cats, minks, foxes, etc., for which the method according to the invention is characterized in that 40 parts by weight of meat waste, 50 parts by weight. parts of premix and 10 parts of pork fat are mixed together for 10-15 minutes on a ribbon blender, after which the resulting mixture is transferred in a cold forming machine and then formed into strands and the strands obtained are then cut into granules , after which the granules are dried in a belt dryer for 10-30 min with air at 80-90 ° C, such that the temperature of the granules does not exceed 60 ° C, after which the granules thus dried are sieved under delivery of the desired fish feed pellets.

It has been found that such a meat feed is particularly suitable for breeding minks and foxes, while moreover they are very suitable as cat food.

In addition to favorable feed utilization, the fur quality of the bred minks and foxes appears to be particularly good.

The method according to the invention is now elucidated by means of the following examples, to which the invention is by no means limited.

EXAMPLE I

Preparation of fish feed pellets according to the invention. The following ingredients are used for the preparation of fish feed pellets according to the invention: 60 kg of fish press cake with a dry matter content of 50% (50% water), 30 kg of premix with a dry matter content of 85-90%, 10 kg of fish oil.

The above ingredients were weighed in first and then transferred to a ribbon blender. On the ribbon blender, the ingredients were thoroughly mixed for 10-15 minutes to yield the most homogeneous mixture.

Then the mixture thus obtained was transferred in a cold forming machine (no steam supply or other heat supply). The mixture was pressed by means of a screw through a system of stationary shaping discs.

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- 5 - in such a way that pressure is built up between the discs and the air is expelled. The strands obtained in this way were cut into granules 5 of the desired length by means of a knife which rotates independently of the pressure screw behind the mold.

The wet granules thus obtained (moisture content of about 25-30%) were then transferred to a belt dryer and dried for 10-30 minutes with the aid of air at a temperature of 80-90 ° C, such that the temperature of the granules themselves did not exceed 60 ° C.

After cooling, the grains were transferred to a screen to remove the so-called fines.

Finally, the finished fish feed pellets left on the sieve were deposited.

The fish feed pellets thus obtained were found to be very suitable for breeding trout and salmon at a very favorable feed / meat ratio of only 0.8 kg of feed for 1 kg of meat.

EXAMPLE II

20 Preparation of meat feed pellets for carnivorous animals.

The procedure of Example I was repeated with the proviso that the starting mixture was a mixture of 40 kg of meat offal (approx. 70% water), 50 kg of premix, 10 kg of pork fat.

The meat feed pellets obtained in this process were found to be particularly suitable for carnivorous animals, such as minks, foxes, cats, etc.

In addition to a very favorable feed utilization, it has furthermore been found that the quality of the fur of minks and foxes, which were fed the feed pellets according to the invention, is very good.

Finally, it is noted that the feed granules prepared according to the invention, despite their high fat content, are dry-feeling (free-flowing), even at fat contents above 20% and even at a fat content between 30-40%.

The present invention therefore makes it possible: / - 6 - to make energy-rich animal feed pellets while retaining the free-flowing properties of the obtained pellets.

It will be clear that other embodiments of the invention, which fall within the scope of the description claims, although not explicitly mentioned, are part of the invention.

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Claims (6)

Process for the preparation of animal feed pellets, characterized in that 40-60 parts by weight of raw material with a moisture content of 40-70%, 30-50 parts by weight of premix and 10-20 parts by weight of oil or fat are thoroughly mixed together, after which the resulting mixture is shaped into strands and the resulting strands are cut into granules and the wet granules are dried into the final product. 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that as raw material offal and / or semi-finished product, including meat, fat or blood; fish waste or vegetable material is used. 3. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that a premix is a mixture of pre-processed starch products and vitamin. 4. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that fish oil or soy oil is used as oil and pork fat or beef fat as fat. « Process according to claims 1-4, characterized in that fish feed pellets are prepared, 20 by 60 parts by weight of fish press cake with a moisture content of approx. 50%, 30 parts by weight of premix and 10 parts by weight of fish oil together for 10- Mix thoroughly on a ribbon blender for 15 minutes, then transfer the resulting mixture to a cold forming machine and then form into strands and then cut the resulting strands into granules, then wet the granules in a belt dryer for 10-30 dried at least 80-90 ° C using air, such that the temperature of the granules does not exceed 60 ° C, after which the granules thus dried are sieved to yield the desired free-flowing fish feed granules with high fat content. 6. Process according to claims 1-4, characterized in that feed pellets for carnivorous animals are prepared by mixing 40 parts by weight of meat waste, 40 parts by weight of premix and 10 parts by weight of pork fat on a ribbon mixer for 10-15 minutes. mix thoroughly and then blend the resulting mixture in a cold forming machine to form a string. - J * r - 8 - ten is formed, after which the strands obtained are cut into granules, followed by transferring the wet granules to a belt dryer, where they are air-dried at 80-90 ° C for 10-30 min. dried, such that the temperature of the grains does not exceed 60 ° C, after which the dried grains are sieved to yield the desired high-fat free-flowing feed pellets for carnivorous animals. * - *% t \)) /