JPH0799894A - Production of feed using livestock blood and feed - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To easily a protein-rich, and high-quality feed at low cost by using the blood of livestock such as chicken as raw material without concomitant generation of offensive odor. CONSTITUTION:A mixture of (A) livestock blood and (B) rice bran at the weight ratio B/A of 1.5-5.0 is charged into extruder, heated under pressure and then extruded. The mixture has been pref. further incorporated with 0.1-3.0 pts.wt of dried fish meal and/or 0.5-1.5 pts.wt. of wheat flour, each based on the component A. The water content of the mixture just before charged into the extruder is perf. 20-50wt.%. As for the operation conditions for the extruder, it is preferable that cylinder temperature be 100-200 deg.C and extrusion pressure 2.5-6.5kg/cm<2>.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for producing a feed using livestock blood which is produced in large amounts when livestock such as chickens and cattle are slaughtered, and a feed obtained by the method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As is well known, livestock blood generated in large amounts when slaughtering livestock such as chickens and cows is used as a raw material for "dry blood" or "blood meal" used as fertilizer. Becomes The method for producing dry blood or blood powder involves the steps of heating, dehydration and drying, but has the drawback that odor is generated and the cost of drying is high.
Therefore, the present inventor has conducted various studies in order to more effectively use animal blood such as chicken and cow as a protein source to produce an improved feed. As a result, they have found that, by mixing livestock blood with rice bran and the like, and then pressurizing and heating with an extruder to extrude and coagulate, the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks can be solved and a superior feed can be obtained.

[0003]

The present invention was made based on the above findings and is as follows. (1) For one part by weight of livestock blood, rice bran is added in an amount of 1.5 to 5.
A method for producing a feed using livestock blood, which comprises adding and mixing 0 parts by weight, charging the mixture into an extruder, heating under pressure, and extruding. (2) The mixture is further added and mixed with 0.1 part by weight of dry fish powder or 0.5-1.5 parts by weight of wheat flour to 1 part by weight of livestock blood in the mixture. The method for producing a feed using the livestock blood according to the above item 1, characterized in that (3) The method for producing a feed using livestock blood according to item 1 or 2, wherein the mixture contains 0.1 to 3.0% of calcium. (4) The first feature of performing a drying process in addition to adding the mixture to an extruder and heating under pressure.
Item 4. A method for producing a feed using the livestock blood according to any one of Items 3 to 3. (5) The first to fourth aspects, wherein the water content of the mixture when charged into the extruder is 20 to 50%.
Item 10. A method for producing a feed using the livestock blood according to any one of the items. (6) The method for producing a feed using livestock blood according to item 5, wherein the mixture contains a fungicide in an amount of 0.5% or less. (7) The operating conditions of the extruder are that the cylinder temperature is 100 to 200 ° C. and the extrusion pressure is 2.5 to 6.5 kg / c.
The method for producing a feed using livestock blood according to any one of items 1 to 6, which is m ² . (8) The method for producing a feed using livestock blood according to any one of items 1 to 7, wherein the livestock blood is chicken blood. (9) A feed obtained by extruding and obtaining a mixture of 1 part by weight of livestock blood and 1.5 to 5.0 parts by weight of rice bran under heating with an extruder.

Further, the features of the present invention are that the mixing ratio of blood in the feed is increased, the pretreatment step at the time of feeding to the extruder is omitted, and rice bran, which is inexpensive as organic matter, is used. , The amount of antifungal agent added was reduced. Furthermore, it has the following features. (1) Achieving a significant reduction in manufacturing time and a drastic reduction in offensive odors. The extruder is a machine that can mix, stir, sterilize, and evaporate under a high pressure in a closed cylinder for continuous processing. In particular, according to the present invention, livestock blood can be directly mixed with an organic substance such as rice bran without being subjected to a pretreatment such as drying, and can be heated under pressure in an extruder so that the generation of offensive odor is drastically reduced. Further, generally, when blood is left to stand naturally, it is separated into blood and a clot due to protein coagulation in the blood. Therefore, sufficient mixing and stirring of blood and rice bran is required, but with this extruder,
Sufficient mixing is possible and a homogeneous feed is obtained. (2) It is easy to adjust the water concentration in the feed. The biggest problem of using organic feed is to adjust the water concentration to prevent spoilage. However, the higher the water concentration of the feed, the less the pretreatment process such as drying the raw material of the feed used, There is an advantage that it can be manufactured at low cost. Therefore, in order to use a large amount of blood of livestock with high water content, it is necessary to set the water concentration of the feed to be high, that is, the mixing ratio of blood of livestock should be as high as possible.
On the other hand, the water content of the feed is generally 15 from the viewpoint of preventing spoilage.
It is often less than%. Therefore, a major issue in using livestock blood as a feed is how much the water content of the feed should be set before feeding it into the extruder. In the present invention, the upper limit of the water concentration when it is charged into the extruder is 50
Even when set to%, the water concentration can be easily reduced to around 40% after the extruder treatment. The reason why this water is likely to evaporate is that the mixture swells due to the extruder and the finished shape is pellet-like and has a high heat retention.

(3) Using a small amount of sodium propionate used in foods as a fungicide. That is,
Under the condition of high water concentration as described in (2), if the mildew-proofing agent is not added, it is easily decomposed even if it is heated to a high temperature by the extruder. Therefore, the present invention has found that the addition of sodium propionate in an amount of 0.5% or less can prevent mildew. (4) Further, the feed according to the present invention is of good quality without being watery even after being eaten as feed for livestock, for example, chickens, and this feces can also be used as chicken dung. In the present invention, the great advantage is that the raw material price is low. In other words, in terms of the current causal cost, rice bran is 2 to 5 yen per kg, and sodium propionate is 0.1 per g
It is a circle. However, the cost of blood for livestock, such as chicken, is 1
Considering the current situation that is paid by paying 20 to 30,000 yen per ton (20 to 30 yen per kg), from the viewpoint of the cost of the whole raw material, there is a merit that it is a positive effect equivalent to the effective use of waste. . In addition, the feed obtained by the extruder has no animal odor, and by adding fish dry powder to this,
It can be developed as a wide range of feed. The intended use of the feed obtained here is for livestock and aquaculture aquatic animals.
In general, livestock blood is richer in minerals and vitamins than fish, and can be expected to grow significantly as a feed.

[0006]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples. Example 1: Based on the weight of chicken blood, the case where the mixing ratio of various organic substances was changed was examined. First, blood, rice bran, flour and sodium propionate are mixed in advance so as to be uniform. Examples of these formulations are shown in Table 1.
Table 2 shows the operating conditions of the extruder [LABORUDER type TEX-L: (equipped with two cylinders) manufactured by Japan Steel Works, Ltd.], the analysis results are shown in Table 3, and the antifungal test results are shown in Table 2. 4 respectively.

[0007]

[Table 1]

[0008]

[Table 2]

According to the setting conditions shown in Table 2, within 30 seconds after the mixture was put into the extruder, the shape and dimension were 4 mm or less.
Extruded pellets with a cylindrical shape of mm and a length of 10 mm or less
To be acquired. Here, the obtained feed can be changed into a desired shape and size depending on the operating conditions of the extruder, the degree of mixing, the heating temperature and the cutting conditions.

[0010]

[Table 3]

From the analysis results of these products,
It is found that, in all ingredients except calcium, the ingredient specifications of livestock feed (meat breeding livestock admixture breeding feed) and pig feed (pig fattening blended feed) are satisfied. Regarding the hardness of the mixture when it is put into the extruder, the smaller the blending ratio of rice bran to blood is, the softer the hardness is because of water derived from blood. In Example 1, the case where the minimum amount of rice bran was 1.5 parts by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of blood was examined. However, with respect to the minimum amount of rice bran, the hardness of the mixture required to be charged into the extruder is such that at least the weight ratio of raw materials to blood is 1.0 and the rice bran is 1.0. Here, the water concentration of the mixture is 50% in the case of 1 part by weight of blood and 1 part by weight of rice bran, and when the upper limit of rice bran is 5.0, the water content of the mixture is 20%.
%. Further, when the water content of the mixture is 50%, it tends to be very soft, but by adding wheat flour, a product having sufficient physical properties after the extruder treatment can be obtained. If the purpose is to improve cohesion,
Requires the addition of flour. The range of the mixing ratio of the flour required for binding the feed is at least 0.1 part by weight to 1 part by weight of blood. If sufficient hardness is required, 1.5 parts by weight is adequate. Also, if it is adjusted to 20%, mold may occur. Therefore, we conducted an addition test of sodium propionate, which is used as a fungicide in foods.

[0012]

[Table 4]

In this example, the water concentration for maintaining a proper form as a feed, the mixing ratio of organic substances to be added, and the addition amount of antifungal agent were examined. As shown in Table 4, the mixing ratio of the test plots: rice bran 1.5 to blood 1
In the test plots of 2.4 and 2.4, mold development was observed on the 7th day.
However, 0.1% sodium propionate
In the added test plots, mold develops on the 15th day, and 0.
In the test groups 10 to 12 to which 5% was added, no mold was found even on the 30th day. That is, in the case of adding 0.5% of sodium propionate, no mold was found even on the 30th day in the test group in which the water concentration after the extruder treatment was 25 to 32%. A mixture of 0.1% and 0.5% sodium propionate was added.
No difference in color tone, fragrance, physical properties, etc. was observed after the extruder treatment. In addition, as shown in Table 3, in the test plots in which the rice bran ratio was 1.5 and 2.4 with respect to 1 part by weight of blood, based on the results of the component analysis in Table 3, the component specifications of the mixed feed for livestock and swine were determined. It was above (excluding calcium). The feed of this example was intended for use as livestock feed,
Especially, it was found that both pigs and chickens eat well, and this feed was found to be effective for them. From the results of Example 1, since it was possible to predict the formation of feed, for the test section with the most blood mix (blood: rice bran = 1: 1.5),
The thing which added calcium and fish powder was examined.

Example 2: Here, since the addition amount of propionic acid as a fungicide for livestock feed is regulated to be 0.3% or less (0.39% as sodium propionate), propion is added. The case where the amount of acid added was 0.2% (0.26% as sodium propionate) was examined. In Example 1, the case where the heating temperature was about 140 ° C. was examined, but in this Example, the heating temperature of the extruder was increased in order to further reduce the amount of sodium propionate added and to efficiently perform the natural evaporation after heating the water content. Was about 150 ° C. and the diameter of the pellet was 3 mm.
Also, the feed after the extruder treatment should have a water content of 25
% And 15%, hot air drying was performed at 80 ° C. for 1 hour 30 minutes and 70 ° C. for 3 hours after the extruder treatment. The mixing ratios of these test plots are shown in Table 5, the conditions of the extruder are shown in Table 6, the component analysis results of the test plots with the water concentration adjusted to 15% are shown in Table 7, and the antifungal test results are shown in Table 8. .

[0015]

[Table 5]

[0016] The fair standard of mixed feed for livestock defines the amount of calcium component, and the minimum required amount is 0.4%.
Is. In Example 2, calcium carbonate was added as a calcium source so as to be 1%. As a result, as shown in Table 7, calcium was analyzed in the range of 0.8 to 1.3%. In this case, no difference was observed in the color tone, aroma and physical properties of the feed compared to the one without calcium.
In addition, the amount of calcium added was 0.1% in the test section and 3.0.
%, No significant difference was observed in the color tone, aroma and physical properties of the finished feed. here,
The processing temperature of the extruder is 130 in the test area 13 here.
The temperature was ± 10 ° C, and the test areas 14 and 15 were 150 ± 10 ° C. Calcium carbonate is used as calcium and sodium propionate is used as propionic acid.
It became to be%. The fish powder used was a commercially available dried sardine crushed with a kiser. The purpose of adding dry fish powder is to impart aroma to the feed. The scent of feed containing rice bran and wheat flour added to blood is almost odorless. Therefore, if the purpose is to impart fishy odor to the feed, the addition ratio of dry fish powder may be 0.1 part by weight to 1 part by weight of blood. The addition ratio of the fish odor dry powder may be 1.0 part by weight to 1 part by weight of blood.

[0017]

[Table 6]

[0018]

[Table 7]

[0019]

[Table 8]

As shown in Table 7, the test plots 13 and 14 in which the sardines were not added contained the feed for livestock (mixed feed for breeding dairy poultry for meat) and the mixed feed for breeding pigs (4 months or more) shown in Table 3. Results were obtained that satisfied the ingredients. Moreover, as shown in Table 8, the test plots 13 to 15 adjusted to have a water concentration of 15% have 3
Even on day 0, no mold was found and it was good as a feed. In other words, it was found that the test plot containing the largest amount of blood (blood: rice bran = 1: 1.5) can be used as a feed. In Example 2, the heating temperature of the extruder was examined at 130 ° C. and 150 ° C., but the effect of the difference in these temperatures on the quality of the feed was not recognized. Even when the heating temperature was set to 200 ° C, although the degree of coloring of the feed was slightly increased as compared to the case of 150 ° C, no abnormalities such as kogation odor were observed. Further, in Example 2, the moisture concentration was adjusted by the extruder, and then the moisture was removed by the hot air dryer. This drying process is easily mixed by adding an optional dryer to the mixing process of the extruder. It is possible to

Example 3 In Examples 1 and 2, feed using chicken blood as livestock blood was examined, while in Example 3, cattle blood after slaughter was examined as livestock blood. The raw material composition is shown in Table 9, and the analysis results are shown in Table 10. As in Example 1, a mixture of blood, rice bran, fish powder, sodium propionate, and calcium carbonate was added to the extruder. Extruder conditions are the same as in Table 2. As the dried fish powder, commercially available shavings (mackerel and horse mackerel powder) crushed with a mixer were used.

[0022]

[Table 9]

[0023]

[Table 10]

Regarding the relationship between the difference in blood and the component analysis result, when the test section 16 shown in Table 10 and the test section 13 in Table 7 having the same raw material mixing ratio were compared, there was no big difference. Similarly, there was no significant difference in color tone, fragrance, physical properties, etc. immediately after being manufactured from the extruders of these two test sections. In addition, the test plots 16, 17 and 18 satisfied the component specifications of the animal feed compound feed and the pig compound feed shown in Table 3. This seemed to indicate that there was no significant difference between cow blood and chicken blood when they were made into feed by the extruder. Further, as shown in Table 10, Test Group 19 satisfied the component specifications of the compound feed for carp breeding. The color tone and scent of this test section 19 were good, but a little fragility remained in terms of physical properties, so that a suitable hardness can be maintained by adding a little wheat flour. That is, the upper limit of the mixture ratio of fish powder is 1 (weight) of blood,
It was 3 (weight). Test zones 17, 18 and 19 are at 25 ℃
No mold was found even after storage for 30 days. In the case of examining the feed by the extruder as described above, the blood quality of cattle was roughly the same as that of chicken blood. Generally, when blood after slaughter is left at room temperature for 5 to 6 hours or more, a peculiar animal odor is felt. However, if treated within a few hours after slaughter, there is no odor, and there is no difference in appearance quality due to different animals. Blood tends to coagulate easily, but there is no particular problem because it is sufficiently mixed by the extruder. As described above, according to the present invention,
It was found that good feed can be obtained regardless of the type of livestock.

[0025]

As described above, according to the method for producing a feed using livestock blood of the present invention, a good feed containing a large amount of protein can be easily produced at low cost. The conventional method for converting livestock blood into feed has the drawbacks of generation of a bad odor, the size of the apparatus, and the necessity of installing a wastewater treatment apparatus, since it is a method of treating under the atmospheric pressure. These problems can be solved because the treatment is performed under the closed condition using. In addition, the feed obtained by the present invention can be developed as a blended feed for aquaculture and aquatic animals by satisfying the component specifications of livestock and pig feeds and by adding fish powder.

 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (72) Inventor Shinwa Hatanaka 2-13-12, Kotoshiba, Ube-shi, Yamaguchi Prefecture (72) Nobuo Shinohara 2525-6, Yoshishiki, Yamaguchi-shi, Yamaguchi Prefecture

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. Rice bran is added to 1 part by weight of livestock blood.
A method for producing a feed using livestock blood, which comprises adding and mixing 5 to 5.0 parts by weight, adding the mixture to an extruder, heating under pressure, and extruding. 2. The mixture further comprises 0.1 to 3.0 parts by weight of fish dry matter powder and / or 0.5 to 1.5 parts by weight of wheat flour to 1 part by weight of livestock blood in the mixture. The method for producing a feed using livestock blood according to claim 1, which is a mixture. 3. The mixture contains 0.1 to 3.0 of calcium.
%, The method for producing a feed using livestock blood according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the feed is produced. 4. The method for producing a feed using livestock blood according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the mixture is put into an extruder and heated under pressure, and then a drying treatment is performed. . 5. The water content of the mixture when charged into the extruder is 20 to 50%.
5. A method for producing a feed using the livestock blood according to any one of 4 to 4. 6. The method for producing a feed using livestock blood according to claim 5, wherein the mixture contains 0.5% of a fungicide. 7. The operating condition of the extruder is that the cylinder temperature is 100 to 200 ° C. and the extrusion pressure is 2.5 to 6.5.
7. The method according to claim 1, which is kg / cm ^2.
A method for producing a feed using the livestock blood according to any one of 1. 8. The method for producing a feed using livestock blood according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the livestock blood is chicken blood. 9. 1 part by weight of livestock blood and 1.5 to 5.0 rice bran
Part by weight of the mixture is extruded by heating under pressure with an extruder.
Removed feed.