JPH09299038A - Production of feed composition - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a process for producing a feed composition having excellent rumen-bypassing property of proteins and amino acids and low dissolution rate to water by using a simple and inexpensive coating means. SOLUTION: A feed composition is produced by adding 1-250 pts.wt. of proteins and/or amino acids to 100 pts.wt. of a fatty acid, stirring and mixing the mixture, adding 3-70 pts.wt. of a metallic compound, stirring and mixing the mixture and finally adding 20-250 pts.wt. of water and stirring and mixing the obtained mixture. In the above process, 0.1-50 pts.wt. of a surfactant is added to the fatty acid or water.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for producing a feed composition containing proteins and amino acids, which is used as a feed for ruminants such as cows and farmed fish.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art With the liberalization of agricultural products, cheap dairy products have been imported in large quantities, and domestic dairy-related industries are exposed to severe competition. These dairy farmers are making efforts to survive by improving productivity, cutting costs by cutting costs, and creating high value-added products by developing new technologies. For example, in some regions, the milk protein rate has already been introduced into the raw milk trading standard, and high protein milk as a differentiated product is receiving attention. In the future, there is a demand for a method of improving milk quality that is more effective in improving the milk fat rate and the milk protein rate.

Conventionally, energy supply and maintenance of physical condition,
Protein is often fed to livestock and cultured fish for the purpose of accelerating the rate of weight gain, promoting milk production, and improving meat quality. Since a specific protein raw material is used for this feed, the amino acid composition contained in the feed may be biased, that is, the amino acid required by the animal to which it is applied may be insufficient. For this purpose, for the purpose of nutritional supplementation, promotion of utilization of nutritional components, regulation of metabolic function, etc., a method of supplementing by adding a single amino acid is used.

In ruminant animals such as cows, when proteins and amino acids are orally administered as they are, they are altered and decomposed by microorganisms coexisting in the rumen, so that the protein in the abomasum or later after which the protein is originally absorbed should be treated. It does not reach the digestive organs, and a large amount of harmful substances such as ammonia are generated, which ruin the health of ruminants and the original purpose cannot be obtained. Further, similarly, in the case of feed for cultured fish, there is a problem that hydrophilic proteins and amino acids are dissolved in water and the effect as feed is lowered. Further, there will be a problem of environmental pollution such as an increase in BOD.

In order to solve such a problem, there is a method in which a feed is coated with a protective substance and pelletized to give a rumen bypass property (ruminal bypass property) and a low elution property to water. It is taken. Japanese Patent Publication 48-127
Japanese Patent Publication No. 85 proposes hardened vegetable fatty acids and sugar waxes as protective substances, such as DL-methionine,
Kaolin and stearic acid are made into a slurry, which is then coated with hydrogenated vegetable fat using a centrifugal extrusion device.

Further, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 59-198946 proposes a method of giving a rumen bypass property by coating with aminocellulose or metal hydroxide. JP-A-59-66843, 63-3
In each publication such as 13546 and 63-317053, the composition of the composition is variously changed, and the oil and fat or fatty acid or fatty acid salt having a high melting point are melt-mixed, and the mixture is cooled and then granulated. Has been proposed.

[0007]

However, in these proposed coating methods and the like, for proteins and amino acids,
It has not always been possible to sufficiently provide the rumen bypass property and the low elution property to water. Further, there are many practical inconveniences such as a complicated operation and time required for coating, and a very expensive device is required.

In view of such circumstances, the present invention provides a method for coating a protein or amino acid with a simple and inexpensive coating means.
It is an object of the present invention to produce a feed composition having excellent men-bypass property and low water-dissolving property.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted extensive studies in order to achieve the above-mentioned object. As a result, a fatty acid and a metal compound were used as starting materials and reacted with each other when mixed with a protein or an amino acid. While producing a fatty acid salt, by adding a surfactant at the time of production, a feed composition having a structure in which hydrophilic proteins and amino acids are incorporated inside and a water-repellent fatty acid salt surrounds the outside is obtained. This is excellent in the rumen bypass property of proteins and amino acids, has a low elution property in water, and a feed composition having such good performance can be obtained by using the above-mentioned inexpensive raw materials and the above-mentioned simple The inventors have found that they can be manufactured by the method, and have completed the present invention.

That is, according to the present invention, 100 parts by weight of fatty acid is added with 1 to 250 parts by weight of protein or / and amino acid and stirred and mixed, and then 3 to 70 parts by weight of metal compound is added and stirred and mixed. In a method for producing a feed composition, which comprises adding 20 to 250 parts by weight of water to, and stirring and mixing,
The present invention relates to a method for producing a feed composition, which comprises adding 0.1 to 50 parts by weight of a surfactant to fatty acid or water.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The protein of the present invention may be any protein that exhibits biological activities such as energy supply, physical condition maintenance, weight gain, milk protein improvement, milk production promotion and milk quality improvement. Used for feed. For example,
Cottonseed meal, peanut meal, flaxseed meal, corn gluten meal,
Defatted soybeans, rapeseed meal, casein, blood meal, fish meal, meal
Proteins such as lees (meat meal), meat meal (meat meal with bones), and feather meal can be mentioned. In addition, as the amino acid in the present invention, lysine, methionine, tryptophan and the like which are commonly used for feed are used.

One of these proteins and amino acids may be used alone or in combination of two or more, or both may be used in combination of one or more. The total usage is
It is 1-250 parts by weight, preferably 2-200 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of fatty acid. If it is less than 1 part by weight, the effect as a nutrient is not sufficient, and if it exceeds 250 parts by weight, the coating with the fatty acid salt becomes insufficient, and the rumen bypass property and the low elution property to water decrease. The amount of protein used is 1 to 150 parts by weight, preferably 20 to
The amount is preferably 120 parts by weight, and the amount of amino acid used is 1 to 150 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 120 parts by weight.

Examples of the fatty acid in the present invention include animal oils such as beef tallow, fish fat, chicken oil and fish oil, vegetable oils such as rapeseed oil, soybean oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, sunflower oil and linseed oil. A mixed fatty acid obtained by hydrolyzing one or more kinds of fats and oils selected from the above and a distillate thereof are used. Of course, simple fatty acids such as stearic acid and oleic acid may be used.

As the metal compound in the present invention, one kind or two or more kinds are used from metal oxides such as calcium oxide and magnesium oxide and metal hydroxides such as calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide. The amount of these metal compounds used is 100 parts by weight of fatty acid,
The amount is preferably in the range of 3 to 70 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 60 parts by weight. If it is less than 3 parts by weight, the formation of fatty acid salt is not sufficient, and if it exceeds 70 parts by weight, favorable results are obtained for digestion and absorption in the abomasum due to the inclusion of unreacted substances not involved in the reaction with fatty acid. It is hard to be caught.

The surfactant of the present invention enhances the solubilization and dispersibility of hydrophilic substances such as proteins and amino acids in fatty acids, and is suitable for giving the above-mentioned substances a rumen bypass property and insolubility in water. In general, commercially available glycerin fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene glycerin fatty acid ester, phospholipid, soybean lecithin, egg yolk lecithin, etc. are used. To be

The amount of such a surfactant used is 0.1 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 1 part by weight, per 100 parts by weight of fatty acid.
It is preferable that the amount be 40 parts by weight. If the amount is less than 0.1 part by weight, a sufficient surface-active effect cannot be obtained, and even if it is used in an amount exceeding 50 parts by weight, the effect is not increased and it is disadvantageous in terms of cost, which is not preferable.

In the present invention, a feed composition is produced by the following procedure using the above-mentioned protein or / and amino acid as the feed and the above coated raw material. First, the fatty acid is heated to 60 to 80 ° C. to melt it,
A surfactant is dissolved or dispersed in this. Next, protein or / and amino acid is added and stirred and mixed, then a metal compound is added and stirred and mixed, and finally water is added and stirred and mixed. Further, the fatty acid is heated to 60 to 80 ° C. to be melted, protein or / and amino acid is added thereto, and the mixture is stirred and mixed, and then a metal compound is added and stirred,
After mixing, finally, water in which a surfactant is dissolved or dispersed is added and stirred and mixed.

In these operations, the amount of water used is 20 to 250 parts by weight, preferably 30 to 200 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of fatty acid. The optimum amount is appropriately determined according to the type and amount of protein, amino acid, coating raw material, etc., but if it is less than 20 parts by weight, the reaction between the fatty acid and the metal compound becomes insufficient, and more than 250 parts by weight. As a result, it is difficult to take in proteins and amino acids inside, and it is difficult to obtain good results due to rumen bypass and water insolubility.

By such a mixing operation, the fatty acid reacts with the metal compound to form a water-repellent fatty acid salt, and the hydrophilic substance composed of protein or amino acid is taken into the inside by the action of the surfactant, and the outside is taken out. A powdery feed composition having a structure in which the above fatty acid salt is surrounded is obtained. The composition may be in the form of granules or may be compressed into pellets by adding a small amount of an adhesive. In either form, the protein and amino acid have excellent rumen bypass properties and low elution properties with water.

[0020]

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in more detail.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 1 Using the composition shown in Tables 1 and 2, the following operations were carried out.
A control feed composition was prepared. Butt protein and 60
The fatty acids melted by heating to ℃ were weighed and mixed well while heating on a hot water bath. Next, after adding the metal compound and thoroughly stirring and mixing, and finally adding water at room temperature and thoroughly stirring and mixing, the mixture was preheated to 70 ° C. in a bench nider (product of Irie Shokai Co., Ltd.). , The fatty acid was reacted with the metal compound while kneading. After the reaction for 1 hour, a pellet having a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 10 mm was prepared using Mitochiyotsupa (a product manufactured by Nantsune Co., Ltd.), and then at 80 ° C. for 3
After being dried for an hour, the feed compositions of Sample Nos. 1 to 13 were prepared.

In Tables 1 and 2, fatty acids (soybean oil fatty acid, rapeseed oil fatty acid, palm oil fatty acid) are all products of NOF CORPORATION, and among the metal compounds, calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide. Is a product of Inoue Lime Industry Co., Ltd., and magnesium oxide and magnesium hydroxide are products of Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.

[0023]

[0024]

Example 1 With the compounding compositions shown in Tables 3 and 4, the following operations were carried out.
The feed composition of the present invention was prepared. The fatty acid and the surfactant, which were heated to 70 ° C. and melted, were weighed in a butter, and stirred and mixed while heating on a hot water bath to be dissolved. Next, add protein and stir well to mix, further add metal compound to stir well to mix, and finally add room temperature water to stir well to mix, then warm to 70 ° C in advance. [Product of Irie Shokai Co., Ltd.] was charged and the fatty acid and the metal compound were reacted while kneading. After reacting for 1 hour, a pellet having a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 10 mm was prepared using Mitochiyotsupa [product manufactured by Nantsune Co., Ltd.], and then 80
It was dried at 0 ° C. for 3 hours to prepare the feed compositions of Sample Nos. 14 to 26.

In Tables 3 and 4, among the surfactants, polyoxyethylene (20 mol) sorbitan trioleate, sorbitan monooleate, glycerol monostearate, dipalmitylphosphatidylcholine, Polyoxyethylene (20 mol) sorbitan monopalmite
And yolk lecithin are products of Nippon Oil & Fats Co., Ltd., sucrose cloth monostearate, sucrose cloth dioleate are products of Dai-ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd., polyoxyethylene (20mol) glycerol monosteare Toh is a product of Riken Co., Ltd., and soybean lecithin is a product of Tsuru Lecithin Industry Co., Ltd.

[0027]

[0028]

Comparative Example 2 With the blending composition shown in Tables 5 and 6, the following operation was performed.
A control feed composition was prepared. Amino acids and 7
The fatty acid melted by heating to 0 ° C. was weighed and stirred well while heating on a water bath to uniformly disperse. Next, after adding a metal compound and thoroughly stirring and mixing, and finally adding water at room temperature and thoroughly stirring and mixing, the mixture was charged into a bench kneader (a product of Irie Shokai Co., Ltd.), and fatty acids and metal compounds were mixed while kneading. Was reacted. After 1 hour of reaction, a diameter of 6 m was obtained using Mitochiyotsupa [product manufactured by Nantsune Co., Ltd.].
After preparing pellets having a length of m and a length of 10 mm, the pellets were dried at 80 ° C. for 3 hours to prepare the feed compositions of sample numbers 27 to 39.
In Table 5 and Table 6, lysine, methionine, and tryptophan are products of Kyowa Fermentation Co., Ltd.

[0030]

[0031]

Example 2 With the compounding compositions shown in Tables 7 and 8, the following operations were carried out.
The feed composition of the present invention was prepared. Weigh the fatty acid and surface active agent melted by heating to 60 ° C,
After well stirring and mixing in a hot water bath at ℃ to dissolve, amino acids were added and well stirred and mixed to solubilize or disperse. Next, add the metal compound and mix well, mix with water at room temperature, mix well, and then mix in a bench kneader (a product of Irie Shokai Co., Ltd.) to react the fatty acid with the metal compound while kneading. Let After reacting for 1 hour,
Tochiyotsupa (product of Nantsune Co., Ltd.) was used to prepare pellets having a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 10 mm, and then dried at 80 ° C. for 3 hours to prepare sample feed compositions of sample numbers 40 to 52.

[0033]

[0034]

Example 3 The feed composition of the present invention was prepared by the following operations with the composition shown in Table 9 and Table 10. Amino acids and fatty acids that had been heated to 70 ° C. and melted were weighed in a pot, thoroughly stirred and mixed, and then proteins were added and strongly stirred and mixed. Then add the metal compound, stir well, mix,
Finally, water in which a surfactant was previously dissolved or dispersed was added, and the mixture was thoroughly stirred and mixed, and then charged into a bench kneader [a product of Irie Shokai Co., Ltd.] to react the fatty acid with the metal compound while kneading. After reacting for 1 hour, a pellet having a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 10 mm was prepared using Mitochiyotsupa [product manufactured by Nantsune Co., Ltd.] and dried at 80 ° C. for 3 hours.
The feed compositions of sample numbers 53 to 65 were prepared.

[0036]

[0037]

Comparative Example 3 A feed composition for control was prepared by the following operations with the composition shown in Table 11 and Table 12. Bench Nida (product of Irie Shokai Co., Ltd.) was charged with fatty acid salt, protein and adhesive that had been synthesized in advance, and finally 50 parts by weight of water was added and kneaded for 1 hour while heating at 70 ° C. ─
Tochiyotsupa (a product manufactured by Nantsune Co., Ltd.) was used to prepare pellets having a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 10 mm, and then dried at 80 ° C. for 3 hours to prepare sample feed compositions of sample numbers 66 to 78.

In Tables 11 and 12, polyacrylic acid soda is a product of Nihon Pure Chemical Co., Ltd., starch is a product of Matsutani Chemical Co., Ltd., and sodium alginate is Kibun Food Chemical Co., Ltd. CMC is carboxymethylcellulose
It is an abbreviation for "S" and is a product of Daicel Chemical Industries, Ltd.

[0040]

[0041]

Comparative Example 4 A feed composition for control was prepared by the following operations with the composition shown in Table 13 and Table 14. Bench nidal [product of Irie Shokai Co., Ltd.] was charged with a pre-synthesized fatty acid salt, amino acid and adhesive, and finally 50 parts by weight of water was added and kneaded for 1 hour while heating at 70 ° C. ─ Using Tochiyotsupa [product made by Nantsune Co., Ltd.] to make pellets with a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 10 mm, and then at 80 ° C. for 3
After being dried for an hour, the feed compositions of sample numbers 79 to 91 were prepared. In Tables 13 and 14, polyacrylic acid
Da, starch, sodium alginate and CMC are the same products as in Tables 11 and 12 above.

[0043]

[0044]

Test Example 1 Comparative Example 1 (Sample Nos. 1 to 13), Example 1 (Sample No. 1)
4-26), Example 3 (Sample Nos. 53-65) and Comparative Example 3 (Sample Nos. 66-78) were tested for dissolution by the following method. First, for each feed composition, the nitrogen content (A) was measured by the Kjeldahl method.
I asked. Next, 5 g of each feed composition was added to 200 m of distilled water.
After immersing in 1 l and shaking at 39 ° C. for 12 hours and 24 hours, filtration was performed with a filter cloth, and the nitrogen content (B) remaining in the filtration residue was determined by the Kjeldahl method. Dissolution rate (%)
= [(A−B) / A] × 100 was calculated. The results are as shown in Tables 15 and 16.

[0046]

[0047]

From the results shown in Tables 15 and 16 above, the feed compositions of Example 1 (Sample Nos. 14 to 26) and Example 3 (Sample Nos. 53 to 65) were the same as those of Comparative Example 1 (Sample Nos. 1 to 1). 13) and the respective feed compositions of Comparative Example 3 (Sample Nos. 66 to 78), the dissolution rate is very low,
It can be seen that in ruminants, loss in the rumen can be suppressed to a low level, and elution into water can be suppressed even for farmed fish, so that efficient feeding can be achieved.

Test Example 2 Comparative Example 2 (Sample Nos. 27 to 39), Example 2 (Sample Nos. 40 to 52), Example 3 (Sample Nos. 53 to 65) and Comparative Example 4 (Sample Nos. 79 to 91) For each feed composition, a dissolution test was conducted in the same manner as in Test Example 1. The results are as shown in Tables 17 and 18.

[0050]

[0051]

From the results shown in Tables 17 and 18, the feed compositions of Example 2 (Sample Nos. 40 to 52) and Example 3 (Sample Nos. 53 to 65) were compared to Comparative Example 2 (Sample Nos. 27 to 27). 39) and the feed compositions of Comparative Example 4 (Sample Nos. 79 to 91), the dissolution rate is extremely low, and the loss in rumen in ruminants can be suppressed to a low level. It can be seen that even when used for farmed fish, the elution into water is suppressed, so that it is possible to feed efficiently.

Test Example 3 Using 5 sheeps wearing Feistel, Comparative Example 1 (Sample Nos. 1 to 13), Example 1 (Sample Nos. 14 to 26), Example 3 (Sample Nos. 53 to 65) and Comparative Example 3 (Sample No. 6
With respect to each of the feed compositions of 6 to 78), a rumen bypass test was conducted by the following method. First, the nitrogen content (A) of each feed composition was determined by the Kjeldahl method.
Next, 5 g of each of the above feed compositions was put in a nylon bag (300 mesh) in each of 5 sheeps fitted with FISTEL preliminarily fed with a commercially available feed corresponding to 2% by weight of the body weight. After 12 hours and 24 hours of immersion in the rumen, the nylon bag was taken out and the nitrogen content (B) in the residue was determined by the Kjeldahl method. Bypass rate (%)
= (B / A) × 100 was calculated. With respect to each feed composition, a total of 5 tests were conducted using 5 animals, and the average value was calculated. The results are as shown in Tables 19 and 20.

[0054]

[0055]

From the results shown in Tables 19 and 20 above, the feed compositions of Example 1 (Sample Nos. 14 to 26) and Example 3 (Sample Nos. 53 to 65) were the same as those of Comparative Example 1 (Sample Nos. 1 to 1). 13) and the feed compositions of Comparative Example 3 (Sample Nos. 66 to 78), the rumen bypass property is high, and it is understood that the feed composition is effective for ruminants.

Test Example 4 Comparative Example 2 (Sample Nos. 27 to 39), Example 2 (Sample Nos. 40 to 52), Example 3 (Sample Nos. 53 to 65) and Comparative Example 4 (Sample Nos. 79 to 91) For each feed composition, a rumen bypass test was conducted in the same manner as in Test Example 3. These results are shown in Table 21 and Table 22.
It was as shown in.

[0058]

[0059]

From the results shown in Tables 21 and 22, the feed compositions of Example 2 (Sample Nos. 40 to 52) and Example 3 (Sample Nos. 53 to 65) were compared with Comparative Example 2 (Sample Nos. 27 to 27). 39) and the feed compositions of Comparative Example 4 (Sample Nos. 79 to 91), the feed composition has a high rumen bypass property and is effective for ruminants.

[0061]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, according to the present invention, a fatty acid and a metal compound are used as starting materials and reacted with each other when they are mixed with a protein or an amino acid to form a fatty acid salt. By adding so, hydrophilic protein or amino acid is incorporated into the inside, a feed composition having a structure in which a water-repellent fatty acid salt is surrounded on the outside,
It is possible to stably produce a feed composition having excellent rumen bypass properties for proteins and amino acids and having a low elution property in water.

Further, since the above starting materials are inexpensive and the coating operation is simple, there is an advantage that the feed composition having the above good performance can be produced economically and easily. Further, the fatty acid salt produced from the above starting material is a material with high nutritional value and is excellent in digestibility and absorption in the abomasum, so that it has a good rumen bypass property and a low elution property. Thus, it is possible to provide a very excellent protein feed or amino acid feed for various ruminants and cultured fish.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A protein or / based on 100 parts by weight of a fatty acid.
And 1 to 250 parts by weight of amino acid are added and stirred and mixed, then 3 to 70 parts by weight of the metal compound are added and stirred and mixed, and finally 20 to 250 parts by weight of water is added and stirred and mixed. A method for producing a feed composition, which comprises adding 0.1 to 50 parts by weight of a surfactant to fatty acid or water.