NO300383B1 - Softergentblanding - Google Patents
Softergentblanding Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NO300383B1 NO300383B1 NO921035A NO921035A NO300383B1 NO 300383 B1 NO300383 B1 NO 300383B1 NO 921035 A NO921035 A NO 921035A NO 921035 A NO921035 A NO 921035A NO 300383 B1 NO300383 B1 NO 300383B1
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- pentaerythritol
- fabric softening
- mixture
- fabric
- ester
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- -1 fatty acid ester Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000271 synthetic detergent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 abstract description 64
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 26
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 abstract description 26
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 18
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 abstract description 18
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 239000002979 fabric softener Substances 0.000 description 33
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 28
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 26
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 23
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 18
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 13
- FSEJJKIPRNUIFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)-3-octadecanoyloxypropyl] octadecanoate Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CO)(CO)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC FSEJJKIPRNUIFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 235000012216 bentonite Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 9
- PTJWCLYPVFJWMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO PTJWCLYPVFJWMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 8
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 8
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 6
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- REZZEXDLIUJMMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M dimethyldioctadecylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC REZZEXDLIUJMMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004664 distearyldimethylammonium chloride (DHTDMAC) Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 5
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004665 cationic fabric softener Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004530 micro-emulsion Substances 0.000 description 3
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 3
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004902 Softening Agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- QSLBMRULKKYEHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(hexadecanoyloxymethyl)-3-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)propyl] hexadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CO)(CO)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC QSLBMRULKKYEHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FWCDLNRNBHJDQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(hydroxymethyl)-3-octadecanoyloxy-2-(octadecanoyloxymethyl)propyl] octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CO)(COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC FWCDLNRNBHJDQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002535 acidifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl undecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- APVPOHHVBBYQAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(4-aminophenyl)sulfonyloctadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 APVPOHHVBBYQAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000223 polyglycerol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910021647 smectite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical class OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZVIUXKOLXVBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecanamide Chemical class CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(N)=O KZVIUXKOLXVBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WZUNUACWCJJERC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)butyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CC)(CO)CO WZUNUACWCJJERC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDGUCRQNTDPGSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical class OCC(CO)(CO)CO.OCC(CO)(CO)CO GDGUCRQNTDPGSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDLNTMNRNCENRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-hydroxyethyl(octadecyl)amino]ethanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN(CCO)CCO NDLNTMNRNCENRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PUAQLLVFLMYYJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-aminopropiophenone Chemical compound CC(N)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PUAQLLVFLMYYJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WECIKJKLCDCIMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-n-(2-cyanoethyl)acetamide Chemical compound ClCC(=O)NCCC#N WECIKJKLCDCIMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DUPQWWWOLUTHLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7,7-dimethyl-n-octadecyloctanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCNC(=O)CCCCCC(C)(C)C DUPQWWWOLUTHLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021357 Behenic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bicarbonate Chemical class OC([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000238578 Daphnia Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004386 Erythritol Substances 0.000 description 1
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erythritol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021360 Myristic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000503 Na-aluminosilicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ROWDYCLDJSAMQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N OCC(CO)(CO)CO.OCC(CO)(CO)CO.OCC(CO)(CO)CO.OCC(CO)(CO)CO.OCC(CO)(CO)CO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO.OCC(CO)(CO)CO.OCC(CO)(CO)CO.OCC(CO)(CO)CO.OCC(CO)(CO)CO.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O ROWDYCLDJSAMQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BGRWYDHXPHLNKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraacetylethylenediamine Chemical compound CC(=O)N(C(C)=O)CCN(C(C)=O)C(C)=O BGRWYDHXPHLNKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WIWNPEDDOAMGGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(docosanoyloxymethyl)-3-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)propyl] docosanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CO)(CO)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC WIWNPEDDOAMGGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DAIYEXZQVXSNAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-(dodecanoyloxymethyl)-3-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)propyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(CO)(CO)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC DAIYEXZQVXSNAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
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- OBFQBDOLCADBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N aminosilicon Chemical compound [Si]N OBFQBDOLCADBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000001983 dialkylethers Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N docosanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UKMSUNONTOPOIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OJLOUXPPKZRTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CCCCCCCCCCCCO OJLOUXPPKZRTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YRIUSKIDOIARQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl benzenesulfonate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 YRIUSKIDOIARQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940071161 dodecylbenzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004945 emulsification Methods 0.000 description 1
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N erythritol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940009714 erythritol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019414 erythritol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003752 hydrotrope Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001261 hydroxy acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NXPHCVPFHOVZBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxylamine;sulfuric acid Chemical compound ON.OS(O)(=O)=O NXPHCVPFHOVZBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazoline Chemical class C1CN=CN1 MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002462 imidazolines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003608 nonionic fabric softener Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)(=O)O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N palmitic acid group Chemical group C(CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC)(=O)O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002085 persistent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001983 poloxamer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000429 sodium aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012217 sodium aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229910000031 sodium sesquicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000018341 sodium sesquicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019794 sodium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PVGBHEUCHKGFQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;n-[5-amino-2-(4-aminophenyl)sulfonylphenyl]sulfonylacetamide Chemical compound [Na+].CC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC(N)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 PVGBHEUCHKGFQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008247 solid mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000820 toxicity test Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)CC(O)=O ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRTNITDCKAVIFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecyl benzenesulfonate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCOS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KRTNITDCKAVIFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WCTAGTRAWPDFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;hydrogen carbonate;carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].OC([O-])=O.[O-]C([O-])=O WCTAGTRAWPDFQO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/04—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties combined with or containing other objects
- C11D17/041—Compositions releasably affixed on a substrate or incorporated into a dispensing means
- C11D17/047—Arrangements specially adapted for dry cleaning or laundry dryer related applications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/507—Polyesters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/667—Neutral esters, e.g. sorbitan esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
- C11D1/66—Non-ionic compounds
- C11D1/74—Carboxylates or sulfonates esters of polyoxyalkylene glycols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
- C11D17/0008—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties aqueous liquid non soap compositions
- C11D17/0017—Multi-phase liquid compositions
- C11D17/0021—Aqueous microemulsions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/001—Softening compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/0005—Other compounding ingredients characterised by their effect
- C11D3/001—Softening compositions
- C11D3/0015—Softening compositions liquid
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
- C11D3/12—Water-insoluble compounds
- C11D3/124—Silicon containing, e.g. silica, silex, quartz or glass beads
- C11D3/1246—Silicates, e.g. diatomaceous earth
- C11D3/1253—Layer silicates, e.g. talcum, kaolin, clay, bentonite, smectite, montmorillonite, hectorite or attapulgite
- C11D3/126—Layer silicates, e.g. talcum, kaolin, clay, bentonite, smectite, montmorillonite, hectorite or attapulgite in solid compositions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
- C11D3/16—Organic compounds
- C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
- C11D3/2093—Esters; Carbonates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Stringed Musical Instruments (AREA)
- Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
- Emulsifying, Dispersing, Foam-Producing Or Wetting Agents (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Details Of Garments (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US75596591A | 1991-09-06 | 1991-09-06 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO921035D0 NO921035D0 (no) | 1992-03-17 |
| NO921035L NO921035L (no) | 1993-03-08 |
| NO300383B1 true NO300383B1 (no) | 1997-05-20 |
Family
ID=25041433
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO921035A NO300383B1 (no) | 1991-09-06 | 1992-03-17 | Softergentblanding |
Country Status (16)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0530959B1 (pt) |
| JP (1) | JPH05156572A (pt) |
| KR (1) | KR100253468B1 (pt) |
| AT (1) | ATE172236T1 (pt) |
| AU (1) | AU650955B2 (pt) |
| BR (1) | BR9202075A (pt) |
| CA (1) | CA2076716A1 (pt) |
| DE (1) | DE69227293D1 (pt) |
| FI (1) | FI921147A (pt) |
| GR (1) | GR1001517B (pt) |
| IE (1) | IE922304A1 (pt) |
| MX (1) | MX9201445A (pt) |
| MY (1) | MY131270A (pt) |
| NO (1) | NO300383B1 (pt) |
| PT (1) | PT100302B (pt) |
| ZA (1) | ZA921990B (pt) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5332513A (en) * | 1990-01-09 | 1994-07-26 | Colgate-Palmolive Co. | Particulate fabric softening and detergent compositions |
| NO300384B1 (no) * | 1991-09-06 | 1997-05-20 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Softergentblanding |
| DE4301459A1 (de) * | 1993-01-20 | 1994-07-21 | Huels Chemische Werke Ag | Wäßriges Weichspülmittel für die Behandlung von Textilien |
| JP3181432B2 (ja) * | 1993-06-18 | 2001-07-03 | 花王株式会社 | 液体柔軟仕上剤組成物 |
| DE4437032A1 (de) * | 1994-10-17 | 1996-04-18 | Henkel Kgaa | Textile Weichmacher-Konzentrate |
| DE19623764A1 (de) * | 1996-06-14 | 1997-12-18 | Henkel Kgaa | Wäßriges Wäscheweichspülmittel mit hohem Zeta-Potential |
| AU2004200424B2 (en) * | 1998-09-23 | 2005-09-15 | Colgate-Palmolive Company | Fabric softening compositions containing pentaerythritol esters, bentonite and polyphosphonate |
| NZ510552A (en) * | 1998-09-23 | 2003-07-25 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Fabric softening compositions containing pentaerythritol esters, clay carrier and polyphosphonate and a process for softening fabrics |
| JP6046085B2 (ja) * | 2014-06-27 | 2016-12-14 | 花王株式会社 | 繊維製品処理剤組成物 |
| WO2015198829A1 (ja) * | 2014-06-27 | 2015-12-30 | 花王株式会社 | 繊維製品処理剤組成物 |
| JP6046084B2 (ja) * | 2014-06-27 | 2016-12-14 | 花王株式会社 | 繊維製品処理剤組成物 |
| CN111517992B (zh) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-10-01 | 陕西科技大学 | 一种对称型长链羧基表面活性剂及其制备方法和应用 |
| CN114159318B (zh) * | 2021-12-07 | 2023-06-23 | 浙江森马服饰股份有限公司 | 一种具有表皮保湿和舒缓作用的润肤乳及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1257928A (pt) * | 1968-11-28 | 1971-12-22 | ||
| LU75088A1 (pt) * | 1976-06-04 | 1978-01-18 | ||
| US4128484A (en) * | 1975-07-14 | 1978-12-05 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Fabric softening compositions |
| JPS5230795A (en) * | 1975-09-04 | 1977-03-08 | Kao Corp | Composition for bleaching agent |
| AU510901B2 (en) * | 1976-01-09 | 1980-07-17 | Procter & Gamble Company, The | Fabric softening method and device |
| GB1599171A (en) * | 1977-05-30 | 1981-09-30 | Procter & Gamble | Textile treatment composition |
| JPS57130902A (en) * | 1981-02-07 | 1982-08-13 | Takemoto Oil & Fat Co Ltd | Dust composition for agricultural purpose |
| JPS59127646A (ja) * | 1982-12-24 | 1984-07-23 | Kobayashi Kooc:Kk | Ｗ／ｏ／ｗ型エマルジヨンの製造方法 |
| DE3612479A1 (de) * | 1986-04-14 | 1987-10-15 | Henkel Kgaa | Waessriges konzentriertes textilweichmachungsmittel |
| US4786422A (en) * | 1986-10-06 | 1988-11-22 | Colgate-Palmolive Co. | Fabric softening and antistatic particulate wash cycle laundry additive containing cationic/anionic surfactant complex on bentonite |
| JPH0247370A (ja) * | 1988-08-03 | 1990-02-16 | Kao Corp | 柔軟仕上剤 |
| JPH0247362A (ja) * | 1988-08-03 | 1990-02-16 | Kao Corp | 柔軟仕上剤 |
| US5126060A (en) * | 1991-01-09 | 1992-06-30 | Colgate-Palmolive Co. | Biodegradable fabric softening compositions based on pentaerythritol esters and free of quaternary ammonium compounds |
| NO300384B1 (no) * | 1991-09-06 | 1997-05-20 | Colgate Palmolive Co | Softergentblanding |
-
1992
- 1992-03-17 FI FI921147A patent/FI921147A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-03-17 NO NO921035A patent/NO300383B1/no unknown
- 1992-03-18 ZA ZA921990A patent/ZA921990B/xx unknown
- 1992-03-18 AU AU13005/92A patent/AU650955B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-03-19 MY MYPI92000463A patent/MY131270A/en unknown
- 1992-03-23 GR GR920100113A patent/GR1001517B/el unknown
- 1992-03-26 PT PT100302A patent/PT100302B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-03-30 MX MX9201445A patent/MX9201445A/es not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-05-13 JP JP4120456A patent/JPH05156572A/ja active Pending
- 1992-05-29 BR BR929202075A patent/BR9202075A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1992-07-14 DE DE69227293T patent/DE69227293D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-07-14 EP EP92306451A patent/EP0530959B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-07-14 AT AT92306451T patent/ATE172236T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-07-15 IE IE230492A patent/IE922304A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-08-24 CA CA002076716A patent/CA2076716A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1992-08-25 KR KR1019920015324A patent/KR100253468B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU650955B2 (en) | 1994-07-07 |
| ATE172236T1 (de) | 1998-10-15 |
| NO921035D0 (no) | 1992-03-17 |
| KR930006243A (ko) | 1993-04-21 |
| IE922304A1 (en) | 1993-03-10 |
| FI921147A0 (fi) | 1992-03-17 |
| GR1001517B (el) | 1994-02-28 |
| KR100253468B1 (ko) | 2000-04-15 |
| EP0530959B1 (en) | 1998-10-14 |
| PT100302B (pt) | 1999-06-30 |
| NO921035L (no) | 1993-03-08 |
| BR9202075A (pt) | 1993-04-06 |
| ZA921990B (en) | 1993-09-20 |
| JPH05156572A (ja) | 1993-06-22 |
| EP0530959A1 (en) | 1993-03-10 |
| MX9201445A (es) | 1993-03-01 |
| MY131270A (en) | 2007-07-31 |
| FI921147A (fi) | 1993-03-07 |
| PT100302A (pt) | 1993-07-30 |
| AU1300592A (en) | 1993-03-11 |
| CA2076716A1 (en) | 1993-03-07 |
| DE69227293D1 (de) | 1998-11-19 |
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