NO178015B - Magnetostriktiv transduser - Google Patents
Magnetostriktiv transduser Download PDFInfo
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- NO178015B NO178015B NO895117A NO895117A NO178015B NO 178015 B NO178015 B NO 178015B NO 895117 A NO895117 A NO 895117A NO 895117 A NO895117 A NO 895117A NO 178015 B NO178015 B NO 178015B
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- strip
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- magnetostrictive
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F9/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the eyes; Devices for putting-in contact lenses; Devices to correct squinting; Apparatus to guide the blind; Protective devices for the eyes, carried on the body or in the hand
- A61F9/007—Methods or devices for eye surgery
- A61F9/00736—Instruments for removal of intra-ocular material or intra-ocular injection, e.g. cataract instruments
- A61F9/00745—Instruments for removal of intra-ocular material or intra-ocular injection, e.g. cataract instruments using mechanical vibrations, e.g. ultrasonic
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
- B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
- B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
- B06B1/02—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy
- B06B1/08—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with magnetostriction
- B06B1/085—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of electrical energy operating with magnetostriction using multiple elements, e.g. arrays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N—ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10N35/00—Magnetostrictive devices
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Vascular Medicine (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
- Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
- Transducers For Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
- Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)
- Non-Reversible Transmitting Devices (AREA)
- Stabilization Of Oscillater, Synchronisation, Frequency Synthesizers (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Description
Denne oppfinnelsen angår en magnetostriktiv transduser, spesielt en magnetostriktiv transduser av forbedret utforming for bruk i en ultrasonisk resonans-vibrator, mer spesielt en ultrasonisk resonans-vibrator i et kirurgisk håndverktøy.
Apparater som inneholder en ultrasonisk resonans-vibrator er kjent i teknikken for kirurgisk bruk, spesielt for kirurgiske håndverktøy som omfatter verktøy for fragmentering av vev. _I slike apparater kan de nødvendige ultrasoniske vibrasjoner bli generert ved magnetostriktive anordninger, overført gjennom en forbindelsesledning til et egnet verktøy.
Et representativt eksempel på et slikt apparat er vist i US patent nr. 4,223,676, som er inkludert her som referanse.
I apparatet ifølge patentnr. 4,223,676 er den magnetostriktive transduser en magnetostriktiv stabel bestående av en sandwich av en nikkellegering, som vist i US patentnr. RE 25,033. Den nevnte stabel omfatter et antall langstrakte strimler av et magnetostriktivt materiale, for eksempel en nikkel-legering, som danner en laminert konstruksjon. Lamineringen er nødvendig for å redusere uheldige virkninger, for eksempel virvelstrømtap.
I en senere forbedret konstruksjon ble den laminerte stabel laget med en noe krum profil for øket stivhet.
For å funksjonere best mulig bør en laminert transduser fortrinnsvis: 1. være mekanisk stiv;
2. ha minimale akustiske tap; og
3. være forholdsvis lett å håndtere bort ifra sitt
operasj onsområde.
Den ovenfor beskrevne transduser har vist seg å være effektiv og meget anvendelig i sitt bruk til kirurgiske formål. Til tross for sin gode ytelse har den imidlertid fremdeles visse ulemper. Den flate, laminerte strukturen har for eksempel en tendens til å bli overoppvarmet hvis strømmen av kjølemiddel blir redusert av en eller annen grunn, og slik overoppvarming kan resultere i alvorlig skade på apparatet. Den flate konstruksjonen gir også mekanisk stivhet bare i ett plan. Denne mangel på total stivhet kan resultere i mekanisk skade på grunn av feilhåndtering, og hvis lamineringene blir adskilte eller bøyd, kan hele apparatet bli ubrukbart.
Fra US patent nr. 2,826,396 er kjent en magnetostriktiv transduser som omfatter et antall langstrakte strimler som er festet til hverandre. Vibrator-enheten som vises i patentet, omfatter en rekke individuelle elementer av magnetostriktivt materiale anordnet side ved side i en lukket rekke, og opp-viser en hul kjerne eller sentralenhet. Strukturen av vibra-torenheten er temmelig annerledes enn i herværende oppfinnelse, og den er ikke i stand til å drive et ultrasonisk kirurgisk verktøy, hvilket er den primære anvendelse av transduseren ifølge foreliggende oppfinnelse.
Fra US patent nr. 3,311,3 52 er kjent en magnetostriktiv transduser med en kjerne fremstilt av et enkelt ark av magnetostriktivt materiale, korrigert til en rekke parallelle folder. Også denne transduseren er relativt forskjellig fra transduseren ifølge foreliggende oppfinnelse, både når det gjelder fremstillingsmåte og geometri. Strukturen av paten-tets transduser er i realiteten ikke kommersielt levedyktig, og strukturen er helt upraktisk når det gjelder kirurgiske anordninger av den type som foreliggende oppfinnelse skal benyttes i.
Man har nå funnet at de ovennevnte ulempene kan over-kommes hvis transduseren lages i form av en i hovedsak stiv søyle omfattende langstrakte strimler i form av radielle finner.
Ifølge den foreliggende oppfinnelse er det frembrakt en magnetostriktiv transduser omfattende en rekke langstrakte strimler av magnetostriktivt materiale, hvor hver strimmel har en nær ende, en fjern ende og et hovedsakelig V-formet tverrsnitt, og hvor hver arm i det V-formede tverrsnittet dannes av den langsgående lengde av hver strimmel. Transduseren kjennetegnes ved at hver arm av hver strimmel er festet langs hele sin radiale lengde til hver arm på hver tilstøtende strimmel bare ved den nære og den fjerne ende for å danne en enhetlig og hovedsakelig stiv søyle med en sentral akse med finner som strekker seg radielt i forhold til aksen.
I en foretrukken utførelse, blir festingen av hver ende på hver strimmel til enden på hver tilstøtende strimmel utført med slaglodding eller sveising.
En spesielt foretrukket utførelse av oppfinnelsen er en transduser som beskrevet ovenfor, hvor hver arm av hver V-formet strimmel er i berøringskontakt med en arm av den mellomliggende strimmel langs hele lengden av strimmelen, for å forme .en radiell finne, og de resulterende finner danner et radielt mønster rundt et sentralt hull som strekker seg hele lengden av den resulterende, i det vesentlige stive søyle.
Oppfinnelsen frembringer også en ultrasonisk resonans-vibrator som omfatter en ultrasonisk transduser, et kirurgisk verktøy og en forbindelsesdel som forbinder transduseren med verktøyet, hvor transduseren er en magnetostriktiv transduser som omfatter en rekke langstrakte strimler av magnetostriktivt materiale, hvor hver strimmel har en nær ende, en fjern ende og et hovedsakelig V-formet tverrsnitt, og hvor hver arm av det V-formede tverrsnittet utgjøres av den langsgående lengde av hver strimmel. Resonans-vibratoren kjennetegnes ved at hver arm i hver strimmel er festet langs hele sin radiale lengde til hver arm på hver tilstøtende strimmel bare ved den nære og den fjerne ende for å danne en enhetlig og hovedsakelig stiv søyle med en sentral akse med finner som strekker seg radielt i forhold til aksen.
Den nevnte magnetostriktive transduser har fortrinnsvis et sentralt hull som strekker seg langs hele lengden, og hullet har en diameter som er stor nok til å romme et rør for transport av væske.
I motsetning til de konvensjonelle laminerte stabler ifølge tidligere kjent teknikk, er transduseren ifølge den foreliggende oppfinnelse i en form en i det vesentlige stiv søyle, fortrinnsvis med i det vesentlige sirkelrundt tverrsnitt, med en sentral akse og finner som strekker seg radielt i forhold til aksen. De nevnte finner er utformet av langstrakte strimler av magnetostriktivt materiale, for eksempel en nikkel-legering med et passende oksidbelegg, festet til hverandre med de fjerne og nær enden, fortrinnsvis ved slaglodding eller sveising. I en foretrukken utførelse er hver av de tilnærmet V-formede tverrsnitt og den nevnte søyle utformet ved å innrette hver strimmel slik at en av dens armer er i berøringskontakt med en arm av den umiddelbart til-støtende strimmel langs hele dens lengde, slik at de berørende strimler danner et radielt mønster av finner rundt et sentralt hull som strekker seg langs hele søylen. Den resulterende konstruksjon er en i det vesentlige en stiv søyle som er stivere enn den laminerte stabel ifølge tidligere kjent teknikk, og dessuten gir finneanordningen et flertall frie overflater som fremmer varmetap ved stråling, og dermed reduserer muligheten for overoppvarming hvis det normale avkjølingssystem skulle slå feil.
Skjønt det V-formede tverrsnitt er spesielt foretrukket for de langsgående strimler, kan strimler av ethvert annet egnet tverrsnitt brukes. V-formen er spesielt egnet fordi den er lett å fremstille av individuelle strimler, og at det er enkelt å konstruere søyleutformingen ved bruk av et antall slike strimler. Avhengig av antallet strimler som benyttes og hvor tett de pakkes, vil søylen som utformes når strimlene festes til hverandre ved endene vanligvis ha et sentralt hull som strekker seg langs søylens lengde, og om ønsket kan hullets diameter være stort nok til å gi plass for et rør for transport av en væske for aspirasjon eller utskylling.
Den foretrukne transduser ifølge oppfinnelsen er spesielt innrettet for bruk i et kirurgisk håndverktøy bestående av en ultrasonisk resonans-transduser som omfatter et kirurgisk verktøy forbundet gjennom en forbindelsesledning med en ultrasonisk vibrasjonstransduser. I et slikt apparat er en ende av den magnetostriktive transduser ifølge oppfinnelsen forbundet med den nære ende av en forbindelsesdel, som forsterker den ultrasoniske vibrasjon, og den fjerne ende av den nevnte forbindelsesdel er festet til den nære ende av et kirurgisk verktøy. Utformingen av massen av det kirurgiske verktøy er slik at man oppnår ytterligere forsterkning, hvilket gjør verktøyet egnet for eksempel for fragmentering av vev. Et typisk kirurgisk håndverktøy er vist i patent nr.
4,223,676.
Oppfinnelsen skal i det følgende beskrives nærmere under henvisning til en transduser ifølge tidligere kjent teknikk, og en foretrukken utførelse av den foreliggende oppfinnelsen, som illustrert i tegningene, hvor: Fig. 1 viser et sideriss av en laminert stabel som vist i
tidligere kjent teknikk; Fig. 2 viser et tverrsnitt gjennom linje 2-2 på figur 1; Fig. 3 viser et forstørret tverrsnitt av en strimmel fra den tidligere kjente stabel; Fig. 4 er et sideriss av en finnet transduser ifølge den
foreliggende oppfinnelse; Fig. 5 viser et tverrsnitt gjennom linjen 5-5 på figur 4; Fig. 6 er et forstørret tverrsnitt av en V-formet lang-strakt strimmel som brukt i transduseren på figur 4;
og
Fig. 7 er et sideriss av en ultrasonisk resonansvibrator som omfatter en transduser ifølge oppfinnelsen.
Det henvises først til figurene 1 til 3 på tegningene.
En typisk tidligere kjent laminert stabel 10 omfatter et antall av i hovedsak flate strimler 11 stablet side til side, og festet sammen ved endene med forbindelsesstykker 12, 13. Som illustrert på figur 2, kan en grunn, buet profil være trykket inn i en ellers flat strimmel for å forbedre stabelens stivhet. Den laminerte transduser er innrettet til å forbindes med en egnet forbindelsesdel ved en gjenget kopling 14 eller annen passende festeinnretning.
En foretrukken utførelse av oppfinnelsen er illustrert på figurene 4 til 6. Denne utførelsen omfatter en søyle 13 utformet av et antall, for eksempel 16 til 35, og fortrinnsvis 18, av lange strimler av magnetostriktivt materiale, som hver har et tilnærmet V-formet tverrsnitt. Det magnetostriktive materiale er fortrinnsvis en nikkellegering med et oksidbelegg.
Hver av armene 31 av hver V er i berøringskontakt med en arm av den V-formede tilstøtende strimmel. Rommet 32 mellom de nevnte armene er typisk definert ved en vinkel, som fortrinnsvis er fra 11 til 21 grader. Lengden av hver av de langstrakte strimlene er bestemt ved bølgelengden av strømmen som brukes i den magnetostriktive kilde. Lengden av transduseren må således være ekvivalent med et helt antall halve bølgelengder, slik at dens sentrum er plassert ved et node-punkt. For en resonans-vibrator som virker på en frekvens av 22 til 27 kHz, blir lengden på transduseren, og derfor lengden av hver av strimlene den består av, være omkring 10 cm. Tykkelsen av hver strimmel er omkring 0,018 til 0,025 cm.
De langstrakte strimlene er festet til hverandre ved deres nære ender 3 3 og fjerne ender 34. Festingen foregår fortrinnsvis ved slaglodding eller sveising. Skjønt den skjematiske illustrasjon viser et fast stykke på hver ende, kan festingen være enten et fast stykke som vist, eller en åpen konstruksjon utformet ved en forbindelse mellom hver tilstøtende strimmelende, forutsatt at den resulterende søyle har den ønskede stivhet.
Festet til den fjerne enden av søylen er det en passende kopling 35 for å forbinde transduseren med andre drevne deler, for eksempel forbindelsesdelen, til hvilken er koplet et kirurgisk verktøy som beskrevet ovenfor.
Figur 7 illustrerer skjematisk en ultrasonisk resonans-vibrator omfattende en transduser 30 ifølge oppfinnelsen, forbundet med en forbindelsesdel 37 og et kirurgisk verktøy 38. Som vist på figur 5 kan den foretrukne utførelse inneholde et sentralt hull 36. Diameteren av dette hullet kan varieres til å gi plass for andre deler av apparatet, for eksempel et rør for transport av aspirasjons- eller utskyllingsvæske.
Utformingen som illustrert på figurene 4 til 6 har større rigiditet og stivhet enn noen kjente laminerte transdusere ifølge tidligere kjent teknikk, og har dessuten en utforming som reduserer eller unngår overoppvarmingsproblemet forbundet med anordninger ifølge tidligere kjent teknikk. I en test ble således et kirurgisk verktøy som inneholdt en transduser ifølge oppfinnelsen, brukt i 5 til 7 minutter uten noen kjøling, og etter fjerning av transduseren fant man at den var varm, men ikke så het som en konvensjonell stabel uten kjøling.
Videre ble det funnet at et håndverktøy som inneholdt en transduser ifølge oppfinnelsen, krevde lavere driftseffekt, hvilket indikerer at transduseren ifølge oppfinnelsen er mere effektiv enn konvensjonelle transduserstabler ifølge tidligere kjent teknikk.
Claims (5)
1. Magnetostriktiv transduser omfattende en rekke langstrakte strimler av magnetostriktivt materiale, hvor hver strimmel har en nær ende (33), en fjern ende (34) og et hovedsakelig V-formet tverrsnitt, og hvor hver arm (31) i det V-formede tverrsnittet dannes av den langsgående lengde av hver strimmel,
karakterisert ved at hver arm (31) av hver strimmel er festet langs hele sin radiale lengde til hver arm på hver tilstøtende strimmel bare ved den nære og den fjerne ende for å danne en enhetlig og hovedsakelig stiv søyle (30) med en sentral akse med finner som strekker seg radielt i forhold til aksen.
2. Transduser ifølge krav 1,
karakterisert ved at festingen av endene på hver strimmel til endene av hver tilstøtende strimmel er utført ved slaglodding eller sveising.
3. Transduser ifølge krav 1,
karakterisert ved at hver arm (31) av hver strimmel er i berøringskontakt med en arm av en umiddelbart tilstøtende strimmel langs hele den langsgående lengde av strimmelen slik at det dannes en radiell finne som er en av en rekke finner som dannes av rekken av langstrakte strimler som danner et radielt mønster rundt et sentralt hull (36) som strekker seg gjennom lengden av den hovedsakelig stive søylen (30) .
4. Ultrasonisk resonans-vibrator omfattende en ultrasonisk transduser, et kirurgisk verktøy (38) og en forbindelsesdel (37) som forbinder transduseren med verktøyet, hvor transduseren er en magnetostriktiv transduser som omfatter en rekke langstrakte strimler av magnetostriktivt materiale, hvor hver strimmel har en nær ende (33), en fjern ende (34) og et hovedsakelig V-formet tverrsnitt, og hvor hver arm av det V-formede tverrsnittet utgjøres av den langsgående lengde av hver strimmel,
karakterisert ved at hver arm i hver strimmel er festet langs hele sin radiale lengde til hver arm på hver tilstøtende strimmel bare ved den nære og den fjerne ende for å danne en enhetlig og hovedsakelig stiv søyle (30) med en sentral akse med finner som strekker seg radielt i forhold til aksen.
5. Vibrator ifølge krav 4, karakterisert ved at den magnetostriktive transduseren har et sentralt hull (36) som strekker seg langs lengden av den sentrale aksen og et fluidum-transporterende rør opptatt gjennom hullet (36).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/287,748 US4986808A (en) | 1988-12-20 | 1988-12-20 | Magnetostrictive transducer |
Publications (4)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO895117D0 NO895117D0 (no) | 1989-12-19 |
NO895117L NO895117L (no) | 1990-06-21 |
NO178015B true NO178015B (no) | 1995-10-02 |
NO178015C NO178015C (no) | 1996-01-10 |
Family
ID=23104164
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO895117A NO178015C (no) | 1988-12-20 | 1989-12-19 | Magnetostriktiv transduser |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4986808A (no) |
EP (1) | EP0375302B1 (no) |
JP (1) | JPH0632784B2 (no) |
AT (1) | ATE113458T1 (no) |
AU (1) | AU610030B2 (no) |
CA (1) | CA2005878C (no) |
DE (1) | DE68919197T2 (no) |
DK (1) | DK646689A (no) |
ES (1) | ES2062046T3 (no) |
FI (1) | FI96824C (no) |
NO (1) | NO178015C (no) |
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- 1989-12-15 EP EP89313169A patent/EP0375302B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-12-15 DE DE68919197T patent/DE68919197T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-12-15 AT AT89313169T patent/ATE113458T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-12-15 ES ES89313169T patent/ES2062046T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1989-12-18 CA CA002005878A patent/CA2005878C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-12-19 FI FI896088A patent/FI96824C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1989-12-19 JP JP1329366A patent/JPH0632784B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1989-12-19 NO NO895117A patent/NO178015C/no unknown
- 1989-12-19 DK DK646689A patent/DK646689A/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1989-12-19 AU AU47018/89A patent/AU610030B2/en not_active Ceased
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK646689A (da) | 1990-06-21 |
NO178015C (no) | 1996-01-10 |
DE68919197T2 (de) | 1995-03-23 |
JPH0632784B2 (ja) | 1994-05-02 |
CA2005878A1 (en) | 1990-06-20 |
EP0375302A1 (en) | 1990-06-27 |
ES2062046T3 (es) | 1994-12-16 |
FI96824C (fi) | 1996-09-10 |
ATE113458T1 (de) | 1994-11-15 |
NO895117L (no) | 1990-06-21 |
NO895117D0 (no) | 1989-12-19 |
AU610030B2 (en) | 1991-05-09 |
FI96824B (fi) | 1996-05-31 |
JPH02261576A (ja) | 1990-10-24 |
DK646689D0 (da) | 1989-12-19 |
DE68919197D1 (de) | 1994-12-08 |
AU4701889A (en) | 1990-07-19 |
CA2005878C (en) | 1993-08-17 |
FI896088A0 (fi) | 1989-12-19 |
EP0375302B1 (en) | 1994-11-02 |
US4986808A (en) | 1991-01-22 |
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