NO164251B - Skille- og smoeremiddel. - Google Patents

Skille- og smoeremiddel. Download PDF

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Publication number
NO164251B
NO164251B NO840596A NO840596A NO164251B NO 164251 B NO164251 B NO 164251B NO 840596 A NO840596 A NO 840596A NO 840596 A NO840596 A NO 840596A NO 164251 B NO164251 B NO 164251B
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NO
Norway
Prior art keywords
lubricant
agent
weight
separating
solid
Prior art date
Application number
NO840596A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
NO164251C (no
NO840596L (no
Inventor
Jacques Periard
Alain Cron
Francis Fischer
Original Assignee
Lonza Ag
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lonza Ag filed Critical Lonza Ag
Publication of NO840596L publication Critical patent/NO840596L/no
Publication of NO164251B publication Critical patent/NO164251B/no
Publication of NO164251C publication Critical patent/NO164251C/no

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
    • B21B45/0239—Lubricating
    • B21B45/0245—Lubricating devices
    • B21B45/0263—Lubricating devices using solid lubricants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B25/00—Mandrels for metal tube rolling mills, e.g. mandrels of the types used in the methods covered by group B21B17/00; Accessories or auxiliary means therefor ; Construction of, or alloys for, mandrels or plugs
    • B21B25/04—Cooling or lubricating mandrels during operation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C10M2201/042—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride
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    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/061—Carbides; Hydrides; Nitrides
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    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
    • C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
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    • C10M2201/08—Inorganic acids or salts thereof
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    • C10M2201/081—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing halogen
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    • C10M2201/082—Inorganic acids or salts thereof containing nitrogen
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    • C10M2201/12—Glass
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    • C10M2201/16—Carbon dioxide
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    • C10M2201/18—Ammonia
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    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/022—Ethene
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    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
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    • C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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Description

Oppfinnelsen gjelder et skille- og smøremiddel i fast form for varmmetal1forming, spesielt for varmblikk- eller profilvalsing. Det kan eksempelvis også anvendes som dor-smøremiddel ved fremstilling av heltrukne rør.
Det er kjent å anvende glass, salter og laminære smøre-midler på grafitt-basis eller vandige emulsjoner med syntetiske, overflateaktive midler som skille- og smøremidler ved sponfri metallforarbeidelse. Bortsett fra de laminære smøremidlene på basis av grafitt er alle andre midler ikke anvendbare for varmblikkvalsing. Glass eller glassaktige smøremidler kan ikke anvendes, da disse knapt kan løses fra overflaten til de bearbeidede stykkene. Salter som smøremidler i form av vandige løsninger fører til høy korrosjon av arbeidsstykker og maskiner. Anvendelsen av smøre- og kjøle-væsker forlanger en ytterligere innretning for kjøling og rensning, slik at væsken kan føres i kretsløp.
For å unngå disse kjente ulemper på fagområdet ble det i "Steel in the USSR", februar 1974, sider 153 og 154, og Chemical Abstracts Vol. 81, 1974, 109708k, beskrevet et fast smøremiddel i form av briketter. Det faste brikettformige smøremidlet på basis av grafitt inneholder også leire og overflateaktive tilsetninger og presses av en anordning mot arbeidsvalsene i et valseverk for stål, hvorved det påføres en tynn smøremiddelfilm på arbeidsvalsene. Det er imidlertid fort-satt ulemper med dette smøremidlet, slik det angis av Meleshko, Tubol'tsev og Adamskii i "Steel in the USSR", oktober 1979,
sider 515-519. Ifølge side 516, venstre spalte, var det umulig ved påtrykking av smøremiddel-brikettene på valsene å oppnå en finfordelt, ensartet smøremiddelfilm over hele bredden og om-fanget av valsen. Dette førte til uensartet overflatebelastning av valsene og blikket og til destabilisering av valseprosessen.
Det var en oppgave for oppfinnelsen å foreslå et i og for
seg fast smøremiddel som mykner eller smelter ved forhøyede temperaturer, som ikke har de nevnte ulemper og som også for-
uten for varmblikk- og profilvalsing også kan anvendes for andre formål, som smøring av dorer eller dorstenger ved fremstilling av heltrukne rør eksempelvis ved kontinuerlige eller Pilger-metoder.
Dette oppnås ifølge oppfinnelsen ved, hjelp av et skille-
og smøremiddel ifølge krav 1.
Skille- og smøremidlet ifølge oppfinnelsen inneholder en termoplastisk polymer og/eller kopolymer bg et slippmiddel for kunststoffer.
Avhengig av kravene til skille- og smøremidler kan det
også anvendes ytterligere tilsetninger. Slike tilsetninger kan være et fast smøremiddel, et fuktemiddel, et klebemiddel, et overflate-modifiserende middel, fibre og/éller leire.
Hensiktsmessig inneholder skille- og! smøremidlet to termoplastiske polymerer og/eller kopolymerer.
y
Som termoplastiske polymerer og/eller kopolymerer kan det anvendes polyolefiner, vinylharpikser, akryl- og metakryl-harpikser, polyestere, polyamider, termoplastiske polyuretaner polyoksymetylen, polyoksyetylen, polyoksypropylen, poly-karbonater, polyeterimider, polyfenylenoksyder eller -sulfider, termoplastiske cellulosederivater eller hydrokarbonharpikser i mengder fra 1 til 70 vekt%.
Dersom det ifølge en hensiktsmessig utførelsesform
anvendes to termoplastiske polymerer og/eller kopolymerer, så kan polymeren oppvise i og for seg samme molekylære oppbygning, men ha forskjellige kjedelengder. Eksempler på dette er polyetylener, kumaron-inden-harpikser, hydrokarbonharpikser.
Andre egnede blandinger av to forskjellige polymerer og/eller kopolymerer er eksempelvis polyetylen med polyisobutylen og polymetylmetakrylat med polymetakrylat. Disse polymerer er i og for seg uforlikelige. Som spesielt fordelaktig har en blanding av polymerer eller kopolymerer vist seg, som, da de er gjensidig forlikelige, kan innføres trinnvis etter hverandre, eksempelvis polystyren med 2,6-dimetyl-l,4-fenylenoksyd.
Skille- og smøremidlet inneholder ifølge oppfinnelsen et slippmiddel. Dette velges blant fettsyrer og såper.
Tilsetningen av et klebemiddel til polymerene eller kopolymerene skal forbedre vedheftningen til metallflåtene og senke mykningstemperaturen for blandingen: Det anvendes som regel kolofoniumderivater, terpen-harpikser eller hydrokarbonharpikser, kumaron-inden-harpikser og de mykgjørere som
i
vanligvis anvendes i forbindelse med termoplaster, slik de eksempelvis er oppført i "Modem Plastic Encyclopedia (1983)".
Skille- og smøremidlet i henhold til oppfinnelsen inneholder dessuten et fast smøremiddel, nemlig av grafitt. Virkningen av dette er i og for seg kjent.
For å dispergere det faste smøremidlet i skille- og smøremidlet og øke adhesjonen til metallet kan det tilsettes et fuktemiddel. Fuktemidlet bevirker en mykgjøring av overflaten av metallet ["Rehbinder-Effekt", P.A: Rehbinder, E.D. Scukin, Les Phénoménes de surface dans la déformation et la fracture des solides - Seminaire de Mecanigue des Surfaces ISMCM - CNRS
(1971)], som ved friksjon fører til lave friksjonskoeffisienter og ved glattgjøring av overflaten til lav, ensartet slitasje av friksj onspartneren. Av samme grunn kan det anvendes et overflatemodifiserende middel. Som dette middel anvendes et titanat, fortrinnsvis isopropyltriisostearyltitanat. For å kunne fremstille et formlegeme av skille- og smøremidlet med forhøyet mekanisk fasthet kan det være fordelaktig å iblande fibre fra rekken av polyetylener, poly-propylener, polyamider, polyakrylnitriler, polyestere, av karbon eller glass. Med en mulig tilsetning av plastiske uorganiske råstoffer fra rekken av leirmineraler, som kaoliner, leire, bentonitter, talk eller vermikulitt, oppnås det at mykheten og friksjons-koef f isienten til skille- og smøremidlet kan påvirkes. Et skille- og smøremiddel, eksempelvis for varmblikk- og profilvalsing, kan ha følgende mengdeandeler av de enkelte bestanddeler: 1 til 70 vekt% polymer og/eller kopolymer og 1 til 50 vekt% slippmiddel, 1 til 90 vekt% fast smøremiddel, opp til 10 vekt% fuktemiddel, 1 til 70 vekt% klebemiddel, 1 til 30 vekt% mykgjører, opp til 2 vekt% overflatemodifiserende middel, opp til 20 vekt% leire og opp til 5 vekt% fibre. For anvendelsen som dorsmøremiddel kan sammensetningen av skille- og smøremidlet hensiktsmessig foreligge i følgende mengdeandeler: 30 til 70 vekt% polymer og/eller kopolymer, 1 til 50 vekt% slippmiddel, 20 til 50 vekt% klebemiddel, 10 til 90 vekt% fast smøremiddel, opp til 7 vekt% fuktemiddel, opp til 2 vekt% overflatemodifiserende middel og opp til 5 vekt% fibre. Blandingen av bestanddelene ifølge oppfinnelsen må gi et skille- og smøremiddel som har en fast form ved normal temperatur. Når skille- og smøremidlet eksempelvis anvendes ved varmblikkvalsing og kommer i kontakt med en varm valse, eller ved fremstilling av heltrukne rør på en varm dor oppvarmes og derved myknes, kan det danne en film som er homogen i sammensetning og tykkelse ved friksjon og/eller smelting på valsen eller på doren. Denne film er på den ene side vannfast, slik at de store mengder kjølevann, som flyter over valsene eller doren, ikke påvirker filmen.
På den annen side lar filmen seg lett overføre fra en
valse til en annen. Således er det eksempelvis mulig ved varmblikk- eller profilvalsing å påføre skille- og smøremidlet på trykkvalsene, som på sin side overfører skille- og smøremidlet på arbeidsvalsene, hvorved det alltid oppnås en film som er homogen i sammensetning og tykkelse.
Ved anvendelsen av skille- og smøremidlet, særlig som dorsmøremiddel, sikrer det faste smøremidlet at det også under visse vanskelige betingelser, som høye trykk, høye temperaturer og friksjon mellom verktøy og arbeidsstykke, ikke opptrer for store belastninger og spenninger.
Skille- og smøremidlet fremstilles ved blanding av bestanddelene i varme, eksempelvis med en knamaskin og pressing av de enkelte bestanddelene til den ønskede form. Forarbeidelsen kan også foretas i en ekstruder eller med sprøytegodsteknikk.
De ferdige elementene er faste ved normaltemperatur og oppviser et mykningspunkt fra 20 til 250'C.
Shore-D-hårdheten utgjør 20 til 50 for elementer med lavt mykningspunkt og 50 til 80 for elementer med høyt mykningspunkt.
Smeltepunktet ligger ved 30 til 300°C. Koldtrykkfastheten skal være 5 til 500 kg/cm<2>.
Med skille- og smøremidlet ifølge oppfinnelsen oppnås det at den energi som må anvendes, eksempelvis for å valse blikk og profiler, minskes vesentlig på grunn av den gode skillende og smørende effekt. Kvaliteten av overflaten til det forarbeidede arbeidsstykket forbedres likeledes og oppviser eksempelvis liten ruhet. Skille- og smøremidlet fører også til større driftssikkerhet, da smøreeffekten lar seg styre ved valg av tilsetningene og det derved kan unngås en for god smøreeffekt, hvilket fører til gjennomglidende blikk.
Filmtykkelsen lar seg likeledes godt regulere, og det kan påføres filmer av en tykkelse på 50 til 200 pm. Da midlet oppviser høy smøreytelse, er en filmtykkelse av gjennomsnittlig 1 til 2 pm i mange tilfeller tilstrekkelig. Like overfor kjente smøremidler på oljebasis bortfaller damp- og røkdannelse og belastning av omgivelsene.
Denne blanding gir en overføringsfilm, som smører ved en temperatur fra 80 til 90 "C.
EKSEMPEL 2
Denne blanding gir en overføringsfilm, som smører mellom 50 og 100°C.
EKSEMPEL 3
Denne blanding gir en overføringsfilm, som smører ved en temperatur fra 100 til 150°C.
EKSEMPEL 4
Denne blanding gir en overføringsfilm ved en temperatur fra 50 til 10' C.
Henvisningstallene angir virkningen av bestanddelene som:
(1) termoplastisk polymer og/eller kopolymer
(3) klebemiddel
(4) smøremiddel for syntetiske substanser (slippmiddel)
(5) fuktemiddel på fettsyrebasis
(6) overflatemodifiserende middel
(7) fast smøremiddel
(9) leire.

Claims (2)

1. Skille- og smøremiddel i fast form for varmmetall-fonning, spesielt for varmblikk- eller profilvalsing, karakterisert ved at mykningspunktet ligger på 20-250°C, smeltepunktet på 30-300°C og Shore-D-hårdheten ved 20°C er 20-80, hvorved midlet inneholder 1-90 vekt% av et fast smøremiddel av grafitt, 1-70 vekt% av minst én termoplastisk polymer og/eller kopolymer, og 1-50 vekt% slippmiddel fra rekken av fettsyrer eller såper, 1-10 vekt% fuktemiddel, 1-10 vekt% klebemiddel, samt opp til 2 vekt% av et overflatemodifiserende middel av titanat. i
2. Middel som angitt i krav 1, karakterisert ved at det inneholder leire.
NO840596A 1983-02-18 1984-02-17 Skille- og smoeremiddel. NO164251C (no)

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NO164251B true NO164251B (no) 1990-06-05
NO164251C NO164251C (no) 1990-09-12

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CA (1) CA1210750A (no)
DE (1) DE3480852D1 (no)
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ZA84247B (en) 1984-09-26
ATE49018T1 (de) 1990-01-15
JPH0316998B2 (no) 1991-03-06
MX160923A (es) 1990-06-19
EP0116882A3 (en) 1986-07-09
ES529809A0 (es) 1985-02-01
ES8503025A1 (es) 1985-02-01
CA1210750A (en) 1986-09-02
NO164251C (no) 1990-09-12
DE3480852D1 (de) 1990-02-01
EP0116882B1 (de) 1989-12-27
EP0116882A2 (de) 1984-08-29
JPS59157189A (ja) 1984-09-06
BR8400703A (pt) 1984-09-25
US4575430A (en) 1986-03-11
NO840596L (no) 1984-08-20

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