NL9001114A - Katalysatorcomposities. - Google Patents
Katalysatorcomposities. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NL9001114A NL9001114A NL9001114A NL9001114A NL9001114A NL 9001114 A NL9001114 A NL 9001114A NL 9001114 A NL9001114 A NL 9001114A NL 9001114 A NL9001114 A NL 9001114A NL 9001114 A NL9001114 A NL 9001114A
- Authority
- NL
- Netherlands
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst compositions
- contain
- group
- compositions according
- viii metal
- Prior art date
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 71
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 61
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 36
- AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C)=C1 AUHZEENZYGFFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 21
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- -1 phospho Chemical class 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004437 phosphorous atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- GKIPXFAANLTWBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N epibromohydrin Chemical compound BrCC1CO1 GKIPXFAANLTWBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004204 2-methoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(OC([H])([H])[H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005997 bromomethyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 5
- GHITVUOBZBZMND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(bromomethyl)benzene Chemical compound BrCC1=CC(CBr)=CC(CBr)=C1 GHITVUOBZBZMND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FRASJONUBLZVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-naphthoquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C=CC(=O)C2=C1 FRASJONUBLZVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- HVELAOQZAFXLRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dibromopropan-2-yloxymethylbenzene Chemical compound BrCC(CBr)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 HVELAOQZAFXLRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- CVTBEWNXYIMNBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-bis(2-methoxyphenyl)phosphanyl-2-phenylmethoxypropyl]-bis(2-methoxyphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)OC)CC(OCC=1C=CC=CC=1)CP(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1OC CVTBEWNXYIMNBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003977 halocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940005561 1,4-benzoquinone Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 11
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 24
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 8
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 5
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-bromosuccinimide Chemical compound BrN1C(=O)CCC1=O PCLIMKBDDGJMGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001827 mesitylenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C(C(*)=C(C([H])=C1C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- FVZVCSNXTFCBQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphanyl Chemical group [PH2] FVZVCSNXTFCBQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 4
- NHQDTKSBHYOQIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-tris(1,3-dibromopropan-2-yloxymethyl)benzene Chemical compound BrCC(CBr)OCC1=CC(COC(CBr)CBr)=CC(COC(CBr)CBr)=C1 NHQDTKSBHYOQIE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SXXPTCXIFIOPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-bis(2-methoxyphenyl)phosphanylpropyl-bis(2-methoxyphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)OC)CCCP(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1OC SXXPTCXIFIOPQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930040373 Paraformaldehyde Natural products 0.000 description 2
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LPIQUOYDBNQMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentene Chemical compound C1CC=CC1 LPIQUOYDBNQMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002366 halogen compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004970 halomethyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960002523 mercuric chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- LWJROJCJINYWOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L mercury dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Hg]Cl LWJROJCJINYWOX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrobenzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LQNUZADURLCDLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N perchloric acid Chemical compound OCl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- IIOSDXGZLBPOHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(2-methoxyphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1OC IIOSDXGZLBPOHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 1755-01-7 Chemical compound C1[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C[C@@H]3[C@@H]1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005808 2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl group Chemical group [H][#6]-1=[#6](-[#8]C([H])([H])[H])-[#6](-*)=[#6](-[#8]C([H])([H])[H])-[#6]([H])=[#6]-1-[#8]C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- RMBFBMJGBANMMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dinitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O RMBFBMJGBANMMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JQJPBYFTQAANLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl nitrite Chemical compound CCCCON=O JQJPBYFTQAANLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLGJOAYXLBJZSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-[[3,5-bis[1,3-bis[bis(2-methoxyphenyl)phosphanyl]propan-2-yloxymethyl]phenyl]methoxy]-3-bis(2-methoxyphenyl)phosphanylpropyl]-bis(2-methoxyphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)OC)CC(OCC=1C=C(COC(CP(C=2C(=CC=CC=2)OC)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)OC)CP(C=2C(=CC=CC=2)OC)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)OC)C=C(COC(CP(C=2C(=CC=CC=2)OC)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)OC)CP(C=2C(=CC=CC=2)OC)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)OC)C=1)CP(C=1C(=CC=CC=1)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1OC NLGJOAYXLBJZSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001118 alkylidene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000007860 aryl ester derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229950005499 carbon tetrachloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001701 chloroform Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000026030 halogenation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005658 halogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N norbornene Chemical compound C1[C@@H]2CC[C@H]1C=C2 JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002905 orthoesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052762 osmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N osmium atom Chemical compound [Os] SYQBFIAQOQZEGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PBDBXAQKXCXZCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(2+);2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [Pd+2].[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F.[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F PBDBXAQKXCXZCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Pd+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium;triphenylphosphane Chemical compound [Pd].C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 NFHFRUOZVGFOOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylene Natural products C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G67/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing oxygen or oxygen and carbon, not provided for in groups C08G2/00 - C08G65/00
- C08G67/02—Copolymers of carbon monoxide and aliphatic unsaturated compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F4/00—Polymerisation catalysts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/06—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing polymers
- B01J31/063—Polymers comprising a characteristic microstructure
- B01J31/064—Dendrimers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/165—Polymer immobilised coordination complexes, e.g. organometallic complexes
- B01J31/1658—Polymer immobilised coordination complexes, e.g. organometallic complexes immobilised by covalent linkages, i.e. pendant complexes with optional linking groups, e.g. on Wang or Merrifield resins
- B01J31/1683—Polymer immobilised coordination complexes, e.g. organometallic complexes immobilised by covalent linkages, i.e. pendant complexes with optional linking groups, e.g. on Wang or Merrifield resins the linkage being to a soluble polymer, e.g. PEG or dendrimer, i.e. molecular weight enlarged complexes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/24—Phosphines, i.e. phosphorus bonded to only carbon atoms, or to both carbon and hydrogen atoms, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, phosphole or anionic phospholide ligands
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/16—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing coordination complexes
- B01J31/24—Phosphines, i.e. phosphorus bonded to only carbon atoms, or to both carbon and hydrogen atoms, including e.g. sp2-hybridised phosphorus compounds such as phosphabenzene, phosphole or anionic phospholide ligands
- B01J31/2404—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring
- B01J31/2409—Cyclic ligands, including e.g. non-condensed polycyclic ligands, the phosphine-P atom being a ring member or a substituent on the ring with more than one complexing phosphine-P atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C43/00—Ethers; Compounds having groups, groups or groups
- C07C43/02—Ethers
- C07C43/03—Ethers having all ether-oxygen atoms bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C43/14—Unsaturated ethers
- C07C43/17—Unsaturated ethers containing halogen
- C07C43/174—Unsaturated ethers containing halogen containing six-membered aromatic rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F15/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
- C07F15/0006—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table compounds of the platinum group
- C07F15/0013—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table compounds of the platinum group without a metal-carbon linkage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F15/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table
- C07F15/0006—Compounds containing elements of Groups 8, 9, 10 or 18 of the Periodic Table compounds of the platinum group
- C07F15/006—Palladium compounds
- C07F15/0066—Palladium compounds without a metal-carbon linkage
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
- C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
- C07F9/28—Phosphorus compounds with one or more P—C bonds
- C07F9/50—Organo-phosphines
- C07F9/5027—Polyphosphines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/10—Polymerisation reactions involving at least dual use catalysts, e.g. for both oligomerisation and polymerisation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/02—Compositional aspects of complexes used, e.g. polynuclearity
- B01J2531/0238—Complexes comprising multidentate ligands, i.e. more than 2 ionic or coordinative bonds from the central metal to the ligand, the latter having at least two donor atoms, e.g. N, O, S, P
- B01J2531/0258—Flexible ligands, e.g. mainly sp3-carbon framework as exemplified by the "tedicyp" ligand, i.e. cis-cis-cis-1,2,3,4-tetrakis(diphenylphosphinomethyl)cyclopentane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2531/00—Additional information regarding catalytic systems classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2531/80—Complexes comprising metals of Group VIII as the central metal
- B01J2531/82—Metals of the platinum group
- B01J2531/824—Palladium
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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Priority Applications (21)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL9001114A NL9001114A (nl) | 1990-05-10 | 1990-05-10 | Katalysatorcomposities. |
| US07/684,110 US5169926A (en) | 1990-05-10 | 1991-04-12 | Polymerization of carbon monoxide/olefin with hexakis phosphine ligand |
| AU75256/91A AU636475B2 (en) | 1990-05-10 | 1991-04-22 | Catalyst compositions and polymerization process, hexakisphosphines and hexahalo compounds |
| EP91201062A EP0456317B1 (en) | 1990-05-10 | 1991-05-03 | Catalyst compositions and polymerization process, hexakisphosphines and hexahalo compounds |
| ES91201062T ES2059037T3 (es) | 1990-05-10 | 1991-05-03 | Composiciones cataliticas y procedimiento de polimerizacion, hexakisfosfinas y compuestos hexahalogenados. |
| DE91201062T DE69100297T2 (de) | 1990-05-10 | 1991-05-03 | Katalytische Zusammensetzungen und Polymerisationsverfahren, Hexakiphosphin- und Hexahalid-Verbindungen. |
| KR1019910007355A KR910020039A (ko) | 1990-05-10 | 1991-05-07 | Viii족 금속 및 헥사키스포스핀을 함유하는 촉매 조성물 및 그로써 공중합체를 제조하는 방법 |
| JP03131974A JP3113311B2 (ja) | 1990-05-10 | 1991-05-08 | 触媒組成物及び重合方法、ヘキサキスホスフィン及びヘキサハロ化合物 |
| CN91103026A CN1056444A (zh) | 1990-05-10 | 1991-05-08 | 催化剂组合物和聚合方法六磷膦化物和六卤化合物 |
| FI912223A FI912223A (fi) | 1990-05-10 | 1991-05-08 | Katalytkompositioner och polymeriseringsfoerfarande, hexakisfosfiner och hexahalogenfoereningar. |
| CA002042127A CA2042127A1 (en) | 1990-05-10 | 1991-05-08 | Catalyst compositions and polymerization process, hexakisphosphines and hexahalo compounds |
| CS911357A CS135791A2 (en) | 1990-05-10 | 1991-05-08 | Catalytic mixtures and polymerization method, hexakis-phosphines and hexahalogenomixtures |
| BR919101858A BR9101858A (pt) | 1990-05-10 | 1991-05-08 | Composicoes cataliticas,processo para a preparacao de polimeros,hexacisfosfinas,composto de hexa-halo adequado para a preparacao das hexacisfosfinas,e processos para a preparacao dos compostos de hexa-halo e para a preparacao de hexacisfosfinas |
| PL29016791A PL290167A1 (es) | 1990-05-10 | 1991-05-08 | |
| SU914895443A RU2077542C1 (ru) | 1990-05-10 | 1991-05-08 | Каталитическая композиция, способ получения сополимеров, гексакисфосфины, гексагалоидные соединения, 1,3,5-трис[(1,3-дибром-2-пропокси)метил]бензол и 1,3,5-трис[(1,3-дибром-2-пропокси)метил]-2,4,6-триметилбензол в качестве промежуточных продуктов для получения гексакисфосфинов |
| MYPI91000770A MY106165A (en) | 1990-05-10 | 1991-05-08 | Catalyst compositions and polymerization process, hexakisphosphines and hexahalo compounds |
| TR91/0478A TR25566A (tr) | 1990-05-10 | 1991-05-08 | Katalizör bilesimleri ve polimerizasyon islemi heksakisfosfinler ve heksahalo bilesikler. |
| ZA913495A ZA913495B (en) | 1990-05-10 | 1991-05-08 | Catalyst compositions and polymerization process,hexakisphosphines and hexahalo compounds |
| US07/936,493 US5212135A (en) | 1990-05-10 | 1992-08-28 | Polymerization process |
| US07/936,491 US5243079A (en) | 1990-05-10 | 1992-08-28 | Hexakis phosphine catalyst |
| SG11394A SG11394G (en) | 1990-05-10 | 1994-01-21 | Catalyst compositions and polymerization process, hexakisphosphines and hexahalo compounds |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL9001114 | 1990-05-10 | ||
| NL9001114A NL9001114A (nl) | 1990-05-10 | 1990-05-10 | Katalysatorcomposities. |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NL9001114A true NL9001114A (nl) | 1991-12-02 |
Family
ID=19857083
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL9001114A NL9001114A (nl) | 1990-05-10 | 1990-05-10 | Katalysatorcomposities. |
Country Status (19)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (3) | US5169926A (es) |
| EP (1) | EP0456317B1 (es) |
| JP (1) | JP3113311B2 (es) |
| KR (1) | KR910020039A (es) |
| CN (1) | CN1056444A (es) |
| AU (1) | AU636475B2 (es) |
| BR (1) | BR9101858A (es) |
| CA (1) | CA2042127A1 (es) |
| CS (1) | CS135791A2 (es) |
| DE (1) | DE69100297T2 (es) |
| ES (1) | ES2059037T3 (es) |
| FI (1) | FI912223A (es) |
| MY (1) | MY106165A (es) |
| NL (1) | NL9001114A (es) |
| PL (1) | PL290167A1 (es) |
| RU (1) | RU2077542C1 (es) |
| SG (1) | SG11394G (es) |
| TR (1) | TR25566A (es) |
| ZA (1) | ZA913495B (es) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5210177A (en) * | 1991-05-31 | 1993-05-11 | Shell Oil Company | Polymerization of co/olefin with tetra ethyl diphosphine |
| US5567801A (en) * | 1992-06-15 | 1996-10-22 | Akzo Nobel Nv | Gas phase process for forming polyketones |
| US6258864B1 (en) | 1999-01-20 | 2001-07-10 | Cabot Corporation | Polymer foam containing chemically modified carbonaceous filler |
| US6586501B1 (en) | 1999-01-20 | 2003-07-01 | Cabot Corporation | Aggregates having attached polymer groups and polymer foams |
| CN104909982A (zh) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-09-16 | 长沙贝塔医药科技有限公司 | 一种直接从同位素标记苯环合成标记溴苄类化合物的方法 |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3670032A (en) * | 1969-03-19 | 1972-06-13 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Preparation of unsaturated alcohols and ethers |
| US3694412A (en) * | 1971-03-04 | 1972-09-26 | Shell Oil Co | Process for preparing interpolymers of carbon monoxide in the presence of aryl phosphine-palladium halide complex |
| US4183825A (en) * | 1978-07-14 | 1980-01-15 | Conoco, Inc. | Method for the activation of polymer-bound bis(triphenylphosphine)rhodium carbonyl halide hydroformylation catalysts |
| ATE49010T1 (de) * | 1983-04-06 | 1990-01-15 | Shell Int Research | Verfahren zur herstellung von polyketonen. |
| NL8403035A (nl) * | 1984-10-05 | 1986-05-01 | Shell Int Research | Werkwijze ter bereiding van polyketonen. |
| IN166314B (es) * | 1985-08-29 | 1990-04-07 | Shell Int Research | |
| NL8602164A (nl) * | 1986-08-26 | 1988-03-16 | Shell Int Research | Katalysatorcomposities. |
| IN171627B (es) * | 1986-08-26 | 1992-11-28 | Shell Int Research | |
| US4820802A (en) * | 1987-02-03 | 1989-04-11 | Shell Oil Company | Improved process of preparing carbon monoxide/olefin copolymer with ortho substituted phosphine catalyst composition. |
| DE69018488T2 (de) * | 1989-01-26 | 1995-09-21 | Shell Int Research | Katalysator-Zusammensetzungen. |
| US5057599A (en) * | 1989-07-14 | 1991-10-15 | Shell Oil Company | Polymerization of carbon monoxide/olefin with aromatic tetradentate phosphorus ligand |
-
1990
- 1990-05-10 NL NL9001114A patent/NL9001114A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1991
- 1991-04-12 US US07/684,110 patent/US5169926A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-04-22 AU AU75256/91A patent/AU636475B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-05-03 DE DE91201062T patent/DE69100297T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-05-03 EP EP91201062A patent/EP0456317B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-05-03 ES ES91201062T patent/ES2059037T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-05-07 KR KR1019910007355A patent/KR910020039A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-05-08 PL PL29016791A patent/PL290167A1/xx unknown
- 1991-05-08 FI FI912223A patent/FI912223A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-05-08 MY MYPI91000770A patent/MY106165A/en unknown
- 1991-05-08 BR BR919101858A patent/BR9101858A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-05-08 CN CN91103026A patent/CN1056444A/zh active Pending
- 1991-05-08 ZA ZA913495A patent/ZA913495B/xx unknown
- 1991-05-08 RU SU914895443A patent/RU2077542C1/ru active
- 1991-05-08 JP JP03131974A patent/JP3113311B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-05-08 CS CS911357A patent/CS135791A2/cs unknown
- 1991-05-08 CA CA002042127A patent/CA2042127A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-05-08 TR TR91/0478A patent/TR25566A/xx unknown
-
1992
- 1992-08-28 US US07/936,491 patent/US5243079A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1992-08-28 US US07/936,493 patent/US5212135A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-01-21 SG SG11394A patent/SG11394G/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI912223A0 (fi) | 1991-05-08 |
| DE69100297T2 (de) | 1994-01-13 |
| ZA913495B (en) | 1992-01-29 |
| DE69100297D1 (de) | 1993-09-30 |
| CN1056444A (zh) | 1991-11-27 |
| AU7525691A (en) | 1991-11-14 |
| EP0456317B1 (en) | 1993-08-25 |
| ES2059037T3 (es) | 1994-11-01 |
| RU2077542C1 (ru) | 1997-04-20 |
| SG11394G (en) | 1994-04-15 |
| MY106165A (en) | 1995-03-31 |
| TR25566A (tr) | 1993-07-01 |
| BR9101858A (pt) | 1991-12-17 |
| CA2042127A1 (en) | 1991-11-11 |
| EP0456317A1 (en) | 1991-11-13 |
| JPH04227727A (ja) | 1992-08-17 |
| PL290167A1 (es) | 1993-02-08 |
| US5169926A (en) | 1992-12-08 |
| CS135791A2 (en) | 1991-12-17 |
| JP3113311B2 (ja) | 2000-11-27 |
| FI912223A (fi) | 1991-11-11 |
| KR910020039A (ko) | 1991-12-19 |
| US5212135A (en) | 1993-05-18 |
| US5243079A (en) | 1993-09-07 |
| AU636475B2 (en) | 1993-04-29 |
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| BI | The patent application has been withdrawn |