NL8200152A - Werkwijze voor de electrolyse van een alkalimetaalchloride alsmede electrochemische cel. - Google Patents
Werkwijze voor de electrolyse van een alkalimetaalchloride alsmede electrochemische cel. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- NL8200152A NL8200152A NL8200152A NL8200152A NL8200152A NL 8200152 A NL8200152 A NL 8200152A NL 8200152 A NL8200152 A NL 8200152A NL 8200152 A NL8200152 A NL 8200152A NL 8200152 A NL8200152 A NL 8200152A
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- Netherlands
- Prior art keywords
- roughness
- layer
- exposed surface
- micrometers
- membrane
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 title 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001514 alkali metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000234282 Allium Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002732 Allium cepa var. cepa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012876 carrier material Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910001508 alkali metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000008045 alkali metal halides Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 35
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 28
- -1 fluorinated vinyl compound Chemical class 0.000 description 24
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 21
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 11
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 8
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- OBTWBSRJZRCYQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl difluoride Chemical compound FS(F)(=O)=O OBTWBSRJZRCYQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- KHXKESCWFMPTFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoro-3-(1,2,2-trifluoroethenoxy)propane Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)OC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F KHXKESCWFMPTFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethene Chemical compound FC=C XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZQBFAOFFOQMSGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C(F)=C1F ZQBFAOFFOQMSGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical compound FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005010 perfluoroalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- BUUPQKDIAURBJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfinic acid Chemical compound OS=O BUUPQKDIAURBJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIROQPWSJUXOJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,6-undecafluoro-6-(trifluoromethyl)cyclohexane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C1(F)F QIROQPWSJUXOJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXGPGHBYAPBDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2,2,3,3-hexafluoro-4,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)cyclobutane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1(C(F)(F)F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C1(F)F TXGPGHBYAPBDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AJDIZQLSFPQPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-Trichlorotrifluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)C(F)(Cl)Cl AJDIZQLSFPQPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101100506034 Fibrobacter succinogenes (strain ATCC 19169 / S85) cel-3 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical group C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical group [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005708 Sodium hypochlorite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101100273965 Solanum lycopersicum HCR9-0 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfurous acid Chemical class OS(O)=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003542 behavioural effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001588 bifunctional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrifluoroethylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)Cl UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001246 colloidal dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006298 dechlorination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002560 nitrile group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YVBBRRALBYAZBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorooctane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F YVBBRRALBYAZBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical group [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004439 roughness measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003797 telogen phase Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoromethane Chemical group FC(F)(F)F TXEYQDLBPFQVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
- C08J5/2206—Films, membranes or diaphragms based on organic and/or inorganic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2218—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2231—Synthetic macromolecular compounds based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
- C08J5/2237—Synthetic macromolecular compounds based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds containing fluorine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
- C08J5/2206—Films, membranes or diaphragms based on organic and/or inorganic macromolecular compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
- B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/538—Roughness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/18—Fuel cells
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08J2327/12—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/225,639 US4349422A (en) | 1981-01-16 | 1981-01-16 | Electrolysis process |
| US22563981 | 1981-01-16 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NL8200152A true NL8200152A (nl) | 1982-08-16 |
Family
ID=22845639
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL8200152A NL8200152A (nl) | 1981-01-16 | 1982-01-15 | Werkwijze voor de electrolyse van een alkalimetaalchloride alsmede electrochemische cel. |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4349422A (fr) |
| JP (2) | JPS6045711B2 (fr) |
| BE (1) | BE891796A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA1209527A (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE3201154A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2498208B1 (fr) |
| GB (1) | GB2091297B (fr) |
| IT (1) | IT1150103B (fr) |
| NL (1) | NL8200152A (fr) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4437952A (en) | 1982-01-04 | 1984-03-20 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours & Co. | Coextruded multilayer cation exchange membranes |
| JPS58176221A (ja) * | 1982-04-09 | 1983-10-15 | Permelec Electrode Ltd | 被覆を有する電解用イオン交換膜の製造方法 |
| US4465533A (en) * | 1983-01-13 | 1984-08-14 | Eltech Systems Limited | Method for making polymer bonded electrodes |
| US4539084A (en) * | 1983-03-10 | 1985-09-03 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Unreinforced membrane, electrochemical cell and electrolysis process |
| US4552631A (en) * | 1983-03-10 | 1985-11-12 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Reinforced membrane, electrochemical cell and electrolysis process |
| US4610764A (en) * | 1984-02-07 | 1986-09-09 | Asahi Glass Company Ltd. | Electrolytic cation exchange membrane |
| US4578090A (en) * | 1984-10-15 | 1986-03-25 | Kerr-Mcgee Chemical Corporation | Method for processing gaseous effluent streams recovered from the vapor phase oxidation of metal halides |
| US4610762A (en) * | 1985-05-31 | 1986-09-09 | The Dow Chemical Company | Method for forming polymer films having bubble release surfaces |
| US5128014A (en) * | 1991-03-01 | 1992-07-07 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Irradiation of cation exchange membranes |
| US5264093A (en) * | 1992-04-30 | 1993-11-23 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Irradiation of cation exchange membranes to increse current efficiency and reduce power consumption |
| US5330626A (en) * | 1993-02-16 | 1994-07-19 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Irradiation of polymeric ion exchange membranes to increase water absorption |
| JP4708133B2 (ja) * | 2005-09-14 | 2011-06-22 | 旭化成ケミカルズ株式会社 | 電解用フッ素系陽イオン交換膜及びその製造方法 |
| JP7174597B2 (ja) * | 2017-12-18 | 2022-11-17 | 旭化成株式会社 | イオン交換膜、イオン交換膜の製造方法及び電解槽 |
| KR102677353B1 (ko) * | 2018-09-21 | 2024-06-21 | 아사히 가세이 가부시키가이샤 | 적층체 제조용 지그, 적층체의 제조 방법, 곤포체, 적층체, 전해조, 및 전해조의 제조 방법 |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3356607A (en) * | 1964-07-22 | 1967-12-05 | Ionics | Reinforced ion-exchange membranes |
| US4021327A (en) * | 1975-04-29 | 1977-05-03 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Reinforced cation permeable separator |
| US4151053A (en) * | 1975-07-09 | 1979-04-24 | Asahi Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Cation exchange membrane preparation and use thereof |
| JPS52145397A (en) * | 1976-03-31 | 1977-12-03 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Electrolysis |
| DE2643162C2 (de) * | 1976-09-24 | 1982-02-04 | Asahi Glass Co. Ltd., Tokyo | Verfahren zur Elektrolyse einer wässrigen Lösung von Natriumchlorid |
| JPS5484892A (en) * | 1977-12-19 | 1979-07-06 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Electrolysis of sodium chloride employing cation exchange membrane |
| JPS55110786A (en) | 1979-02-16 | 1980-08-26 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Method for electrolysis of alkali chloride |
-
1981
- 1981-01-16 US US06/225,639 patent/US4349422A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1982
- 1982-01-13 JP JP57002898A patent/JPS6045711B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1982-01-13 FR FR8200409A patent/FR2498208B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1982-01-14 CA CA000394143A patent/CA1209527A/fr not_active Expired
- 1982-01-14 GB GB8201003A patent/GB2091297B/en not_active Expired
- 1982-01-15 NL NL8200152A patent/NL8200152A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1982-01-15 IT IT19141/82A patent/IT1150103B/it active
- 1982-01-15 BE BE0/207068A patent/BE891796A/fr unknown
- 1982-01-15 DE DE19823201154 patent/DE3201154A1/de not_active Ceased
-
1984
- 1984-01-20 JP JP59007383A patent/JPS59157293A/ja active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| BE891796A (fr) | 1982-07-15 |
| JPS6045711B2 (ja) | 1985-10-11 |
| IT8219141A0 (it) | 1982-01-15 |
| DE3201154A1 (de) | 1982-08-12 |
| GB2091297B (en) | 1983-12-21 |
| JPS59157293A (ja) | 1984-09-06 |
| US4349422A (en) | 1982-09-14 |
| JPS57137485A (en) | 1982-08-25 |
| JPS6258623B2 (fr) | 1987-12-07 |
| FR2498208A1 (fr) | 1982-07-23 |
| CA1209527A (fr) | 1986-08-12 |
| GB2091297A (en) | 1982-07-28 |
| IT1150103B (it) | 1986-12-10 |
| FR2498208B1 (fr) | 1985-11-29 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A85 | Still pending on 85-01-01 | ||
| BA | A request for search or an international-type search has been filed | ||
| BB | A search report has been drawn up | ||
| BC | A request for examination has been filed | ||
| BV | The patent application has lapsed |