NL8104708A - GROWTH STIMULATOR FOR MUSHROOM CULTIVATION. - Google Patents

Description

- 1 - * *

Growth stimulator for mushroom cultivation.

The present invention relates to a growth stimulator for increasing the productivity in the cultivation of mushrooms on the basis of an increase and in particular an acceleration of the mass production, based on the substrate dry matter. It serves to achieve increased yields from industrial cultivation methods safely and faster.

It is already known from East German patent 138,874 that micro-organisms, yeast and resp.

Or bacteria, growth stimulators to increase mushroom production can be prepared. Compared to the commonly used supplements, these composted and pasteurized mushroom soil substrate, such as soy, cottonseed, wheat or fish meal, skimmed milk powder or malt sprouts, do not have the advantageous property due to the composting bacteria to be consumed.

Therefore, additional measures to sterilize the composted soil substrate by heating or acting on bacteria or fungicidal gases, such as described in West German Auslegeschrift 1,582,809, before the inoculation with sterile cultured mushroom hatch takes place. In order to exclude recontamination of the inoculated soil substrate by rapid growth bacteria, the conventional growth stimulators only start at an advanced stage of the development of the mushroom, about three weeks after inoculation, in which the mycel-grown substrate thoroughly loosened by mechanical means, thereby mixing about 50 g of growth stimulator per kg of soil substrate dried substance. In contrast to this conventional method, the growth stimulators which can be prepared according to East German patent 138,874 from micro-organisms have the special advantage of not giving rise to contamination, so that they are mixed directly with the mushroom hatch during inoculation and so on. right time 8104708

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- 2 - can intensify the corresponding growth stage of the mushroom.

Such growth stimulators are prepared according to East German patent 138,874 from pure pure micro-organisms, which are worked up for the purpose of recovering microbially pure protein. For example, a combination of tasks for the isolation of microbially pure protein and for the recovery of isoelectrically non-precipitable protein components and biogenic cellular contents of the micro-organisms - peptides, amino acids, carbohydrates and raw materials - which can be used as nutrient concentrates according to the invention. be prepared and can stimulate the growth of the mushrooms.

The object of the invention is to find growth stimulators of high substrate effectiveness for mushrooms on a larger mass basis and without limited availability in the field of unused raw materials. Furthermore, any drawbacks which are still available due to the lack of biological purity of such 2Q must be respected. secondary raw materials can occur, to be excluded.

Because non-uniform biomasses, which have arisen only under non-sterile development conditions, in particular in the field of waste water management, as protein raw materials are not yet balanced in the population system and are still open to use, the essence of the invention exists from such uncontrolled grown biomass mixtures as dosable growth stimulators with stable activity for mushrooms. In particular, the striking advantages of the growth stimulators on a microbial basis will be realized, which consist of an admixture-free admixture together with the mushroom brood to form the conventionally composted and pasteurized soil substrate and the recess of the hitherto required additional and mixed together. allow mixing methods after mycel development in the soil substrate. The stimulation of mushroom growth to be achieved will be reproducible, so that optimal utilization of soil substrate, seed material & l 8104708 2 * -% - 3 - and raw material surcharge can be ensured to achieve higher mushroom yields.

Surprisingly, it has been found in the field of non-sterile growing microbial mixing populations that it is precisely the particularly multifaceted composite of live sludge that can be kept after suitable devitalization in the context of the necessary reprocessing of the discharged manure from industrial animal production facilities, deliver dosable products with reproducible stimulation action for mushroom growth.

Due to the very large biological diversity and impurity of the manure-living sludge-mixing population, whose organism composition also varies continuously depending on the measuring substrate and environmental requirements, the resulting risks of microbial competition development for the mushroom are caused by a deactivation of microorganisms disabled. For this purpose, the surplus of living sludge of the slurry work-up is separated at 8 to 10% dry substance content by the addition of alkaline substances, preferably of solutions of alkali or alkaline earth hydroxide, adjusted to a pH of 8 to 11, continuously 0.5 to 2 minutes heated to 105 to 200 ° C under overpressure and subsequently. a dosable growth stimulator is thereby obtained by means of suitable drying. Such revitalized live sludge products no longer grow on bacteria culture media and have stable biochemical activity even when stored.

In contrast to the nutrient concentrates prepared according to East German patent 138,874, such live sludge products have the advantage that the particularly growth-stimulating protein content of the micro-organisms also contains the iso-electrically precipitable protein, so that growth stimulators 35 with a higher nitrogen content at a lower percentage of nucleic acids, ie with a higher protein content. That is why the stimulators for the growth of the mushrooms, which can be recovered from the impure sludge, advantageously contain both phased-out, readily available protein, in particular peptides and amino acids, 8104708 «► '' v - 4 - if only delayed, certain action for a long time enabling higher molecular weight protein.

With the addition of the growth stimulators 5 according to the invention of manure-living sludge in amounts of optimally 25 to 50 g / kg soil substrate, the relative yield increases of 10 mushrooms are achieved in comparison with the nutrient concentrates according to East German patent 138,874 from pure stem bacteria. and surpassed. In contrast to nutrient concentrates from pure bacteria, which show optimum effect only when added with mycel-grown soil substrate, the growth stimulators according to the invention are already maximally effective after addition when inoculated.

With regard to the latter working technique, which is preferred for a highly productive industrial mushroom cultivation, growth stimulators from manure-living sludge are even more advantageous when used as nutrient concentrates from pure biomass according to East German patent 138,874.

In the overall result of the national economy, the invention offers a highly productive method for mushroom cultivation on an industrial scale, using sufficiently available, still unbalanced raw materials, while simultaneously utilizing the surpluses occurring in large quantities from industrial animal production plants. manure-based sludge, which in this way moves from the area of livestock to that of the economy of the country, thereby producing a high-quality protein food, the mushroom, and finally an ecologically desirable natural soil improvement.

The invention will be further elucidated on the basis of the following application examples.

PREVIOUS I

150 kg of composted and pasteurized non-horse base champig-non-soil substrate (66.5% water content, pH 7.0 and 1.78% nitrogen in the dry matter) were added with 40 kg of 3 kg each (corresponding to 1 kg of raw material each time). * - 5 - dry matter) in 50 cardboard buckets with a volume of 5 liters and bone with 200 ml granulated mushroom hatch each time. In addition, 25 g each was added to 10 of the inoculated sediments and to another 10 50 g each of chemically-thermally treated surplus live sludge from a manure processing plant. This added growth stimulator contained 8.4% nitrogen, 5.4% nucleic acid and nucleotide and further 24.8% ash at 2.5% residual moisture. Finally, the 50 bucket sediments were closed with 10 appropriate cardboard lids, which were then kept moist with water.

After 20 days of storage, the thus-inoculated sediments had grown well with mushroom mycel. In a further test group of 10 sediments each containing 25 g and further 10 sediments each containing 50 g of chemically-thermally treated surplus-living sludge from the manure processing, in the 30 buckets 15 of the 30 buckets 15 which have hitherto remained without addition, thoroughly kneading the grown underlayer mixed, so that finally only 10 20 sediments remained completely without addition as a control group. Subsequently, all 50 sediments were covered 3 cm high with mushroom teasel and kept under gradual temperature reduction from 20 ° C to 16 ° C for another 15 days, until the first mushrooms were harvested on the 35th test day at 16 ° C. . A week after the covering with soil, i.e. from the 27th test day, the room aeration was gradually increased to 7 m / m. Hour. From the 35th trial day, the 27-day harvest period started, the yield development of which can be seen from the table below: - table - 8104708 - 6 - 'Λ

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8104708 - 7 -

The results demonstrate the particular advantage in growth stimulation when the addition of the growth stimulators is carried out simultaneously with the inoculum and thereby ensures the availability of the raw material and nutrient supplements at the correct time, which however only takes 1 minute at a pH of 9 and 160 ° C has been revitalized and then no more contaminated manure-living sludge is possible.

Test sediments with 25 g addition to the inoculum each provide relatively faster and stronger yield increases, while the optimum addition of conventional growth stimulators, such as soybean meal and malt sprouts, as is known, is 50 g addition / kg soil substrate.

EXAMPLE II

In comparison to the growth stimulators prepared up to now on a microbial basis according to East German patent 138,874, 50 cardboard 20 buckets, each with 3 kg of soil substrate (corresponding to 1 kg of soil substrate dry matter, respectively) were made from 150 kg of the same mushroom soil substrate in accordance with Example I. ). Simultaneously with the inoculation with 200 ml of granulated mushroom hatch, the addition of 25 g was carried out in each of 10 sediments, in an additional 10 of the sediments an addition of 50 g of chemically-thermally treated residual sludge from the manure processing and further in still once 10 sediments add 50 g of nutrient, prepared from a pure biomass of Methylococcus capsulatus, obtained by using 30 natural gas. The latter contained 7.8% nitrogen, 6.2% nucleic acid and nucleotide, and further 17.0% ash at 6.8% residual moisture.

After 20 days for mycelial development, the residues that have hitherto remained without addition were thoroughly loosened mechanically, thereby adding 50 g of nutrient concentrate, prepared from Methylococcus capsulatus, to 10 sediments each time.

Subsequently, all 50 sediments 3 cm high were covered with mushroom teasel and an additional 15 days 40 with gradual temperature reduction at 16 ° C

8104708. - 8 - stored on the 35th trial day until the start of the mushroom harvest.

In a harvest time of 4 weeks, the following cumulative mushroom yields were achieved: 5 cum. more yield yield g / kg%

Control 359 25 g chemically-thermally treated manure-living sludge added during inoculation 534 48.7 50 g chemically-thermally treated manure-living sludge added during inoculation 478 33.1 .15 50 g nutrient concentrate of Methylococcus capsulatus added during inoculation 446 24.2 50 g dietary concentrate from Methylococcus capsulatus 20 added after mycel development 525 46.2

As the results demonstrate, an increase in the productivity in mushroom cultivation, the fact that an addition is made possible in common with the mushroom hatch, becomes a particular advantage, even markedly better with the chemically-thermally treated bacteria mixing population of the surplus. living sludge from the manure reprocessing is achieved, for which even smaller addition amounts are sufficient if nutrient concentrate prepared from certain bacteria-pure biomass prepared according to East German patent 138,874 is available.

- conclusions - 8104708

Claims (4)

1. Growth stimulator for mushroom cultivation, characterized in that non-sterile mixed populations of microorganisms, predominantly bacteria, arise from the generation processes of wastewater treatment, in particular from the reprocessing of wastewater from industrial animal production. , prepared by chemical-thermal treatment and in the mushroom soil substrate in amounts of 5 to 100 g / kg, preferably 10 to 50 g / kg, at the same time by mixing together with mushroom hatch and soil substrate in the context of the usual inoculation in action is taken. 2. Growth stimulator for mushroom cultivation, according to claim 1, characterized in that the chemical-thermal treatment of the non-sterile mixing population of the activated sludge is carried out by heating for 0.5 to 2 minutes at 105 ° C to 200 ° C under overpressure, wherein a denaturing and devitalizing is processed. Growth stimulator for mushroom cultivation, according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the chemical-thermal treatment of the non-sterile micro-organism suspension takes place preferably at a pH of 8 to 11. Growth stimulator for mushroom cultivation, according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the increase of the pH value to 8 to 11 by adding alkaline reacting substances, preferably alkali or alkaline earth hydroxide, in the aqueous suspension of the activated sludge mixing population takes place. 8104708