NL2030212B1 - Double-circulation system-based artificial breeding method of groupers - Google Patents
Double-circulation system-based artificial breeding method of groupers Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 241001417495 Serranidae Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 241000700141 Rotifera Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000239250 Copepoda Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 6
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000306007 Chirocephalus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000195649 Chlorella <Chlorellales> Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000159660 Nannochloropsis oculata Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 11
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005791 algae growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009364 mariculture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000983254 Eragrostis rotifer Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000012447 hatching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006396 nitration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021122 unsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004670 unsaturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003403 water pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/042—Introducing gases into the water, e.g. aerators, air pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
- A01K63/045—Filters for aquaria
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
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- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
A double-circulation system-based artificial breeding method of groupers includes: (1) at a breeding preparation stage, preparing breeding troughs, installing two circulation systems A and B in a culture pond, wherein the two circulation systems are both connected with the breeding troughs respectively, and the two circulation systems are operated separately, (2) throwing fish eggs into the breeding troughs in step (1), after larvas are hatched from the fish eggs, adding rotifers into the breeding troughs, and turning on the system A until the age of 18 days, and (3) beginning to feed the fries at the age of 19 days with large plankton baits, turning off the system A, and turning on the system B to remove residual baits, feces and other organic matters in a breeding water body to keep the water quality good until fries are cultured to a size of 3 cm, thereby finishing the breeding process.
Description
[01] The present invention relates to the technical field of artificial breeding of groupers, and particularly discloses a double-circulation system-based artificial breeding method of groupers.
[02] Groupers, as the most valuable economic fish in mariculture, have the advantages of less diseases and fast growth, which are the most ideal choice for developing marine life high-valued technology in mariculture. Especially in the current optimization and adjustment of the aquaculture industry, many farmers hope to raise high-quality fishes such as the /groupers instead.
[03] At present, in the grouper breeding industry, there are mainly two modes of breeding techniques, breeding in indoor cement pools and breeding in ponds, each of which has own advantages and disadvantages. The problems mainly focus on the low success rate and survival rate of the breeding, more diseases in the breeding process, etc, resulting in low overall output rate of the fries.
[04] An objective of the present invention is to provide a double-circulation system- based artificial breeding method of groupers, which solves the problem that the breeding survival rate of the groupers is relatively low.
[05] To achieve the above objective, the present invention adopts technical solution as follows: a double-circulation system-based artificial breeding method of groupers includes the following steps:
[06] (1) at a breeding preparation stage, preparing a plurality of breeding troughs, and installing two circulation systems A and B in a culture pond, wherein the two circulation systems are both connected with a plurality of breeding troughs, and the two systems A and B are operated separately;
[07] (2) throwing fish eggs into the breeding troughs in the step (1), wherein 2000 fish eggs are thrown per cubic meter; after larvas are hatched from the fish eggs, adding rotifers into the breeding troughs, turning on the system A until the age of 18 days of the fries, wherein 3 rotifers are added per ml; and
[08] (3) beginning to feed large plankton baits from the age of 19 days of the fries, turning off the system A, and turning on the system B to remove residual baits, feces and other organic matters in breeding water body to keep the water quality good until the fries are cultured to a size of 3 CM, and thus finishing the breeding process.
[09] 2. The double-circulation system-based artificial breeding method of the groupers according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step (1), the system A includes an artificial light source, and a first biological filter tank, a first calcium ion reactor, a circulation pump, an algal culture columnar container, a first heating tube and a first oxygenation machine, which are connected in sequence; and the system B includes a second biological filter tank, a sand filter pot, a protein separator, a second heating tube, a second calcium ion reactor, an ultraviolet sterilizer, a second oxygenation machine and a circulation water pump, which are connected in sequence.
[10] Further, in the step (1), the system A includes an artificial light source, and a first biological filter tank, a first calcium ion reactor, a circulation pump, an algal culture columnar container, a first heating tube and a first oxygenation machine, which are connected in sequence; and the system B includes a second biological filter tank, a sand filter pot, a protein separator, a second heating tube, a second calcium ion reactor, an ultraviolet sterilizer, a second oxygenation machine and a circulation water pump, which are connected in sequence. The first heating tube and the second heating tube are used to heat the water to 25°C so as to avoid the influence of low temperature on the development of the groupers.
[11] Further, in the step (2), the oxygenation machines in the systems A and B are both connected with the breeding troughs through water inlet pipes.
[12] Further, in the step (1), algae cultured with organic matters and bacteria in the biological filter tank are added, and the culturing is carried out for 15 days; and the algae includes chlorella and nannochloropsis oculata, and the incubation throwing amount is 3 million cells per ml. Rapid propagation can be achieved by throwing the culture algae to reach a breeding level. The main purpose of the test is to better culture nitrifying bacteria in the biological filter tank; the culture period of the nitrifying bacteria is generally 14 days to 20 days; and if the nitrifying bacteria are well cultured, nutrients needed by the algae such as nitrate and phosphate can be generated by nitration. The test can be ended when the algae begin to reproduce normally, the color of algal culture is deepened continuously and the concentration of algal culture is more than 10 million cells per ml.
[13] Further, in the step (3), the biological baits are Copepods or Chirocephalus, and the throwing density of the biological baits in the breeding pond is one per 10 ml.
[14] Further, in the step (2), the irradiation intensity of the artificial light source is 5000 LUX. The irradiation time of the artificial light source is 24 hours a day, and the artificial light source has the advantage that the all-day-long stable growth can be achieved, and the influence of external light can be avoided.
[15] The present technical solution has the working principle and beneficial effects.
[16] (1) The growth of the grouper young fries has high requirement on the water quality and high requirement on the nutrients of biological baits; moreover, there is a process of bait conversion in the process of breeding, that is, a transition stage from feeding with rotifers to feeding with Copepods, rotifers and Copepods are mostly cultured outside the system and then manually added to the breeding system; the system A is mainly used to solve the bait problem of rotifers that are not eaten in the breeding water body, and ensure that the nutrients of the rotifers in the breeding troughs can meet the requirements of the fries; the system A filters and decomposes feces produced by the growth of fries into the nutrients for the use of algae through a biochemical water tank, thereby keeping the freshness and cleanness of the water; and moreover, the growth of the algae also satisty the nutrients required by the feeding and growth of the rotifers in the breeding system, thereby forming an efficient automatic cycling ecological breeding system capable of maximally insulating the influence of external pathogens and adverse weather. In the later period of breeding (after the age of 18 days), the Copepods are the main biological bait, and at the moment, the key of the breeding is to remove the feces and residual baits to keep the water body stable; and the system B is mainly used to treat a great amount of residual bait and feces produced by the advanced fries eating the Copepods in the water through a conventional RAS system in the later period of the breeding, thereby achieving a purpose of stabilizing the water body. The system A adopts a positive feedback working mechanism. With the increase of nutrients in the breeding water body, the algae outputted from the system A into the breeding troughs increase correspondingly. The system B adopts a negative feedback working mechanism. With the increase of pollutants of the breeding troughs, the system B removes the pollutants rapidly from the breeding troughs. The core of the system A is an algae growth system. Through the growth of algae, excess matters and energy are converted into the biological bait, i.e. rotifers eaten by the early fries, thereby forming the positive feedback. The core of the system B is a biochemical and physical reaction system, which discharges the excess matters and energy out of the system, thereby forming the negative feedback.
[17] (2) By using the present solution for breeding, in the whole breeding period, a variation range of ecological factors such as water temperature, pH, N, P, etc. of the water body for breeding can be controlled, the breeding water body is stable, and the breeding success rate can be more than 50%.
[18] FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a double- circulation system-based artificial breeding method of groupers of the present invention.
[19] The present invention is further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments:
[20] Reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: artificial light source 1, first biological filter tank 2, first calcium ion reactor 3, circulation pump 4, algae culture columnar container 5, first heating tube 6, first oxygenation machine 7, second biological filter tank 8, sand filter pot 9, protein separator 10, second heating tube 11, second calcium ion reactor 12, ultraviolet sterilizer 13, second oxygenation machine 14, circulation water pump 15, water inlet pipe 16, drainage pipe 17, breeding trough 18, valve 19.
[21] As shown in FIG. 1, an embodiment provides a double-circulation system-based artificial breeding method of groupers, which includes the following steps:
[22] (1) Ata breeding preparation stage, a plurality of breeding troughs are prepared, two circulation systems A and B are installed in a culture pond, the two circulation systems A and B are both connected with a plurality of breeding troughs, the two systems A and B are operated separately (a water inlet pipe and a drainage pipe are connected directly through the control of pipelines and valves without passing through the breeding troughs), and algae cultured with organic matters and bacteria in the biological filter tank are added, and the culturing is carried out for 15 days; in the step (1), the system A includes an artificial light source 1, and a first biological filter tank 2, a first calcium ion reactor 3, a circulation pump 4, an algal culture columnar container 5, a first heating tube 6 and a first oxygenation machine 7, which are connected in sequence; and the system B includes a second biological filter tank 8, a sand filter pot 9, a protein separator 10, a second heating tube 11, a second calcium ion reactor 12, an ultraviolet sterilizer 13, a second oxygenation machine 14 and a circulation water pump 15, which are connected in sequence. In the step (2), the first oxygenation machine 7 and the second oxygenation machine 14 in the systems A and B are both connected with the breeding troughs through water inlet pipes 16. The circulation pump and the circulation water pump are both connected with the breeding troughs through a drainage pipe 17, and a valve 19 is installed on the drainage pipe 17.
[23] (2) Fish eggs are thrown into the breeding troughs in the step (1), and after larvas are hatched from the fish eggs, rotifers are added into the breeding troughs, and the system A is turned on until the age of 18 days of fries (the age in days is counted from the hatching of egg membranes of the fries).
[24] (3) The fries begin to be fed with large plankton baits from the age of 19 days, and the biological baits are Copepods and Chirocephalus, and the system A is turned off, and the system B is turned on to remove residual baits, feces and other organic matters in the breeding water body to keep the water quality good until the fries are cultured to a size of 3 CM, thereby finishing the breeding process.
[25] In the present embodiment, the system A is mainly used to decompose and filter the dissolved organic matters and particulate organic matters in the breeding troughs through bacteria attached to the biological filter tank, and then generate nutrients such as nitrate and phosphate for algae growth after nitrification and denitrification; and the algae (chlorella) absorb the nutrients after being irradiated by the artificial light source 1 with the irradiation intensity of 5000 LUX in the algae culture columnar container 5 and propagates and grows, and after propagation and growth, and flow back to the breeding troughs through the temperature regulation (generally the temperature is kept at 27°C) and the PH balance by the first calcium ion reactor 3 (the PH is kept at 7.3-8.3). That is, after the water body for breeding is purified and absorbed by the system A, the nutrients are used for the propagation and growth of the algae; and sufficient nutrients (unsaturated fatty acid) produced by growth of algae are provided to the plankton biological baits (rotifers) in the breeding troughs so as to satisfy the growth and development of the fries in the breeding troughs (specifically as shown in FIG. 1).
[26] The system B is mainly used to remove the dissolved organic matters and particulate organic matters (water pollutants) in the water discharged from the breeding troughs through the sand filter pot 9, the second biological filter tank 8 and the protein separator 10, and the returned water is heated, oxygenated, PH balanced and sterilized and is then guided by the circulation water pump 15 into the breeding troughs (specifically as shown in FIG. 1).
[27] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention, and the common general knowledge such as the specific structure and characteristics known in the solution are not described too much here.
It should be pointed out that various modifications and improvements may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the concept of the present invention.
These modifications and improvements should also fall within scope of protection of the present invention and shall not affect the effect of the present invention and the patent practicability.
Claims (6)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110018267.3A CN112715434B (en) | 2021-01-07 | 2021-01-07 | Artificial grouper seedling culture method based on double circulation systems |
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| NL2030212B1 true NL2030212B1 (en) | 2022-09-23 |
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| CN116849153B (en) * | 2023-07-12 | 2024-03-01 | 广东省农业技术推广中心 | Method for cultivating sea water fish fries by using circulating water |
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| KR100235182B1 (en) * | 1997-07-25 | 1999-12-15 | 윤덕용 | Serial culture system for microalgae, live food animal, and fish fry |
| CN101305702A (en) * | 2008-07-01 | 2008-11-19 | 广东省淡水名优鱼类种苗繁育中心 | Industrial Tilapia seedling-raising method |
| CN205590527U (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-09-21 | 四川建筑职业技术学院 | Little algae sewage treatment system |
| CN105961303B (en) * | 2016-06-03 | 2019-02-12 | 山东大学 | A kind of ecological cultivation system and its operation method of fish-bacterium-algae symbiosis |
| CN106857363A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-06-20 | 秦皇岛粮丰海洋生态科技开发股份有限公司 | A kind of light-transmission type bio-decontamination cycle water fish farming system |
| CN111149738B (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2022-01-14 | 海南晨海水产有限公司 | Efficient outdoor ecological pond artificial breeding method for hybrid seeds of Epinephelus coioides and Epinephelus hybridus |
| CN111771772B (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2022-11-08 | 福建省水产研究所（福建水产病害防治中心） | Grouper fry breeding method |
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| CN112715434A (en) | 2021-04-30 |
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