MXPA06002144A - Endoprotesis de articulacion del tobillo. - Google Patents

Endoprotesis de articulacion del tobillo.

Info

Publication number
MXPA06002144A
MXPA06002144A MXPA06002144A MXPA06002144A MXPA06002144A MX PA06002144 A MXPA06002144 A MX PA06002144A MX PA06002144 A MXPA06002144 A MX PA06002144A MX PA06002144 A MXPA06002144 A MX PA06002144A MX PA06002144 A MXPA06002144 A MX PA06002144A
Authority
MX
Mexico
Prior art keywords
component
intermediate part
wedge
endoprosthesis
tibia
Prior art date
Application number
MXPA06002144A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Hakon Kofoed
Original Assignee
Link Waldemar Gmbh Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Link Waldemar Gmbh Co filed Critical Link Waldemar Gmbh Co
Publication of MXPA06002144A publication Critical patent/MXPA06002144A/es

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
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    • A61F2/42Joints for wrists or ankles; for hands, e.g. fingers; for feet, e.g. toes
    • A61F2/4202Joints for wrists or ankles; for hands, e.g. fingers; for feet, e.g. toes for ankles
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    • A61F2002/30329Connections or couplings between prosthetic parts, e.g. between modular parts; Connecting elements
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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
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  • Transplantation (AREA)
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  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
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  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
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Abstract

Una endoprotesis para sustituir la articulacion del tobillo, que comprende un componente (4) inferior el cual se va a conectar al astragalo (2) un componente (3) superior el cual va a conectar a la tibia (1) y una parte (5) intermedia la cual forma una articulacion deslizable tanto con el componentes inferior como tambien con el componente superior. Se proporciona una parte (5) intermedia la cual tiene forma de cuna en la seccion sagital con el fin de compensar las irregularidades anatomicas o quirurgicas. El componente (3) superior tambien puede tener forma de cuna en la seccion frontal o la seccion sagital.

Description

- 1 - ENDOPROTESIS DE ARTICULACIÓN DEL TOBILLO DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN Para sustituir la articulación del tobillo, se conoce una endoprótesis que comprende un componente que se va a conectar al astrágalo, un componente que se va a conectar a la tibia y una parte intermedia (DE-U-88 12 806, documento- "LINK S.T.A.R. Totale Sprunggelenk-prothese [H. Kofoed] de la compañía Waldemar Link (GmbH & Co.), Hamburgo) . El componente del astrágalo y la parte intermedia interactúan por medio de superficies deslizables que permiten la flexión y extensión en el plano sagital . El componente de la tibia y la parte intermedia forman superficies deslizables interactuantes que permiten una rotación alrededor del eje vertical. Este puede ser de un diseño de plan con el fin de permitir compensar los movimientos en la dirección AP y en - la dirección LM. La estabilización se obtiene por el aparato de ligamento natural . En las prótesis conocidas, las superficies deslizables superior e inferior de la parte intermedia se orientan paralelas entre sí en el plano frontal debido a que la sustitución prostética de la articulación no está diseñada para que resulta en un cambio en la dirección. No obstante, se ha encontrado que, después de cirugía, los - 2 - ligamentos colateral y medio de la articulación con frecuencia tienen tensionado diferente lo cual puede provocar problemas. Esto puede deberse a irregularidades de la anatomía o al hecho de que el médico cirujano ha seleccionado una orientación poco favorable de la superficie de resección que se proporciona en la tibia para conexión a la prótesis. El objeto de la invención es evitar o aliviar el desequilibrio, por una parte, entre las circunstancias anatómicas o quirúrgicas y, por la otra, en la prótesis. La solución de acuerdo con la invención se basa en las características de la reivindicación 1 y aquellas de la reivindicación 6. En consecuencia, la parte intermedia o el componente de tibia tienen un diseño en forma de cuña. Si el médico cirujano encuentra que la tensión del ligamento es diferente si se utiliza una prótesis normal, puede compensar esto utilizando componentes correctivos los cuales tienen una forma de cuña en el plano frontal. El lado más grueso de la placa correctora en forma de cuña está distribuida de manera que el lado sobre la cual la tensión del ligamento puede ser inadecuada si se utilizan componentes normales. Si el cirujano encuentra que la superficie de resección de la tibia no es perpendicular a la dirección de la tibia o si desea por algún otro motivo que los planos de la prótesis no se extiendan - 3 - perpendiculares con respecto al eje de la tibia, también puede utilizar componentes correctivos cuya forma de cuña se encuentre en el plano sagital. Si el médico cirujano desea que la superficie deslizable inferior del componente superior tenga una orientación definida con respecto a la dirección de la tibia o la dirección de carga, generalmente utilizará un componente para la tibia designado como componente corrector. En contraste, si la orientación de la superficie de resección de tibia es correcta y el objetivo es tomar en consideración la anatomía del pie, preferirá una parte intermedia diseñada como componente corrector. La presente patente no se relaciona con el diseño en forma de cuña de la parte intermedia en el plano frontal dado que esta es la materia objeto de una solicitud de patente PCT/EP02/02573 no publicada antes, anterior. La determinación de que el componente superior tiene forma de cuña en la práctica no provoca ninguna dificultad dado que tanto su superficie de conexión superior como también superficie deslizable inferior son planas o sustancialmente planas. La comparación con las partes intermedias normales es decisiva para determinar cualquier forma de cuña de la parte intermedia en el plano sagital. Además, no es fácil determinar la dirección de la superficie deslizable superior del plano aproximada, de la parte intermedia, sino también la orientación total de la - 4 - superficie deslizable inferior. Una parte intermedia tiene una forma de cuña, dentro del significado de la presente invención, en el plano sagital cuando se vuelve más gruesa en la parte anterior o posterior en comparación con la parte intermedia normal. En el contexto de la presente invención, una forma de cuña en el plano sagital se puede combinar con una forma de cuña en el plano frontal. No obstante, la forma de cuña se puede presentar en el plano sagital o frontal también sin una forma de cuña en el plano frontal o sagital . El ángulo de cuña de manera preferible está entre 1° y 16°, de manera preferible entre 3° y 8°. Para asegurar que la orientación de la forma de cuña de la parte intermedia no pueda ser alterada por rotación de la parte intermedia alrededor de eje vertical, su orientación es fijada de manera forzada y recomendable por medio del astrágalo o la tibia, por medio de pares de superficies deslizables que interactúan diseñadas en consecuencia de manera que definen una dirección (por ejemplo cilindricamente). La articulación entre el astrágalo y la parte intermedia es particularmente adecuada para este propósito. .Para asegurar que el médico cirujano pueda seleccionar entre diferentes ángulos de cuña, debe tener - 5 - acceso a varios componentes correctores diferentes para cada prótesis. Para reducir los costos relacionados con esto, resulta adecuado diseñar los componentes correctores de manera tan sencilla como se pueda. Por lo tanto, puede ser adecuado que se elaboren de una parte estándar que no cambia y de una parte de cuña . La parte estándar se proporciona en únicamente una configuración. Únicamente las partes de cuña necesitan proporcionarse en variantes diferentes. Esto se aplica en particular si el componente superior se utiliza como componente corrector y la parte estándar forma el medio necesario para asegurarse a la tibia . La invención se explica con mayor detalle a continuación con referencia al dibujo el cual muestra modalidades ilustrativamente ventajosas y en el cual: la figura 1 muestra una sección sagital a través de una articulación a la que se le ha colocado la prótesis, la figura 2 muestra la prótesis en una ista en perspectiva y abierta hacia fuera, la figura 3 muestra una vista en perspectiva de la distribución de los componentes de prótesis implantado superior e inferior antes de que se inserte la parte intermedia, la figura 4 muestra una sección frontal a través de un componente corrector superior. - 6 - la figura 5 muestra una sección sagital a través de un componente correctivo superior. la figura 6 muestra una sección sagital a través de una parte intermedia correctora, y la figura 7 muestra- un componente corrector superior el cual está diseñado en dos partes. La prótesis comprende el componente 3 superior, el componente 4 inferior y la parte 5 intermedia que se van a distribuir entre la tibia 1 y el astrágalo 2. El componente 3 superior tiene una parte 6 en forma de placa cuya cara 7 inferior forma una superficie deslizable plana. Las proyecciones 8 se utilizan para asegurarlas en rebajos 9 de resección correspondientes en la tibia 1. El componente 4 inferior forma una superficie 10 deslizable curvada de manera convexa la cual se puede diseñar cilindrica o cónicamente. Presente una nervadura 11 la cual se encuentra en la dirección del movimiento relativo de la parte intermedia durante el movimiento de flexión y extensión. El componente inferior adicionalmente tiene facetas 12 laterales para interacción con las superficies deslizables correspondientes de la tibia 1 y del peroné 13. La parte 5 intermedia tiene una cara 15 superior plana que coincide con la superficie 7 deslizable y una superficie 16 deslizable inferior la cual está diseñada - 7 - para complementar la superficie 10 deslizable del componente 4 inferior. Incluye un surco 17 para recibir la nervadura 11. De esta manera, la parte 5 intermedia es guiada lateralmente en relación al componente 4 inferior. Se permite únicamente movimientos de flexión y extensión. Los componentes 3 y 4 superior e inferior se elaboran convenientemente de metal, y la parte 5 intermedia de un plástico que promueve el deslizamiento, por ejemplo polietileno. No obstante también se pueden utilizar otros materiales con tenacidad y capacidad deslizable suficientes, por ejemplo materiales cerámicos. Al tomar en consideración la forma complementaria de las superficies 10 y 16 deslizables y por la nervadura 11 que interactúa con el surco 17, la parte 5 intermedia no es susceptible de girar alrededor del eje vertical en relación al componente 4 de articulación de tobillo. Por lo tanto su orientación está fija por medio del componente inferior. Aunque la modalidad mostrada descarta completamente los movimientos de rotación de esta clase entre el componente inferior y la parte intermedia alrededor del eje vertical, también son concebibles configuraciones en las cuales esta se permite dentro de limites predeterminados o simplemente se inhibe por el diseño de las superficies deslizables o no son descartadas. La explicación anterior con referencia a las - 8 - figuras 1 a 3 se aplica tanto a los diseños con componentes normales como también a diseños con componentes correctivos . Las figuras 4 a 6 muestran ejemplos de componentes correctivos. La figura 4 muestra una vista frontal de un componente 3 superior diseñado con un componente correctivo. Cerca del borde 20 que aparece a la izquierda en el dibujo, se encuentra más grueso que el borde opuesto. El componente está diseñado simétricamente en relación a su plano medió frontal de manera que el lado 20 engrosado se puede encontrar sobre el lado lateral o el lado medial de la articulación, dependiendo de la elección realizada por el médico cirujano. La figura 5 muestra una sección sagital a través del componente 3 superior. Se encuentra engrosada en una forma de cuña en el extremo 21 que aparece a la izquierda en el dibujo. La cara superior de este componente es simétrica en relación al plano frontal. Por lo tanto, el extremo engrosado se puede colocar de manera anterior o posterior en la articulación, dependiendo de la elección realizada por el médico cirujano. El ángulo 22 de cuña entre la superficie 23 de aseguramiento superior y la superficie 7 deslizable inferior es de un orden de magnitud de 5o en ambos ejemplos. La figura 6 muestra una sección sagital a través - 9 - de una parte 5 intermedia correctora. Su cara 16 inferior está diseñada como una superficie deslizable y tiene una orientación general que se extiende aproximadamente paralela a la linea 24 auxiliar la cual se ha dibujado con el fin de ilustrar el ángulo 19 de cuña cerca de la superficie 15 deslizable superior. En este caso, se supone que la linea 24 en las partes intermedias normales se extiende paralela a la dirección general de la cara 16 inferior. El factor critico para determinar la forma de cuña de la parte intermedia es siempre la comparación con los componentes normales del sistema de prótesis. No es necesario que se limite la corrección en cada caso a sólo un componente. En vez de esto, se pueden utilizar componentes correctores tanto para el componente superior como también para la parte intermedia. En la figura 1 se muestra esta posibilidad. Tan pronto como el médico cirujano ha implantado el componente 4 inferior, puede utilizar instrumentos adecuados para determinar si, con los ligamentos colaterales tensionados, la superficie 25 de resección de la tibia tiene una extensión normal en relación al componente 4 inferior o si es necesaria una corrección. En este último caso, el cirujano decide si necesita seleccionarse un componente corrector para el componente superior o la parte intermedia o para ambas y decide qué - 10 - tan pronunciada necesita ser la forma de cuña respectiva y en qué dirección debe colocarse. Aún es posible también una medición correspondiente cuando se ha colocado el componente 3 superior. Posteriormente, es posible decidir si debe utilizarse un componente corrector como parte intermedia. La figura 7 ilustra la composición del componente 3 superior elaborado de una parte 25 estándar y una parte 26 de cuña. Dado que la parte 25 estándar forma los miembros 8 de aseguramiento, la parte 26 de cuña, de la cual están disponibles varios ejemplos con ángulos de cuña variables, se pueden elaborar de manera correspondientemente más sencilla. Las dos partes se pueden conectar entre si en cualquier manera deseada y conocida. Por ejemplo, se pueden atornillar juntas. También se pueden proporcionar con proyecciones y rebajos complementarios que se acoplen entre si lo que vuelve posible unir las dos partes juntas sin ningún esfuerzo grande.

Claims (4)

- 11 - REIVINDICACIONES
1. Endoprótesis para sustituir la articulación del tobillo, que comprende un componente inferior el cual se va a conectar al astrágalo y el cual forma una superficie deslizable superior, y un componente superior el cual forma la superficie deslizable inferior y el cual tiene una superficie de conexión superior para conexión a una superficie de resección de la tibia, y una parte intermedia la cual tiene dos superficies deslizables que interactúan con las superficies deslizables de los componentes superior e inferior, caracterizado porque el componente superior tiene forma de cuña en la sección frontal o sagital entre su superficie deslizable inferior y su superficie de conexión superior o la parte intermedia tiene forma de cuña en la sección sagital entre sus superficies deslizables.
2. Endoprótesis como se describe en la reivindicación 1, caracterizada porque las superficies deslizables interactuantes en el componente inferior y la parte intermedia interactúan de manera no giratoria sustancialmente con respecto al eje vertical.
3. Endoprótesis como se describe en la reivindicación 1, caracterizada porque las superficies deslizables interactuantes en el componente superior y en - 12 - la parte intermedia interactúan giratoriamente con respecto al eje vertical.
4. Endoprótesis como se describe en una de las reivindicaciones 1 a 3, caracterizada porque el ángulo de cuña está entre Io y 16°.
MXPA06002144A 2003-08-27 2003-08-27 Endoprotesis de articulacion del tobillo. MXPA06002144A (es)

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PCT/EP2003/009489 WO2005030098A1 (de) 2003-08-27 2003-08-27 Sprunggelenk-endoprothese

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MXPA06002144A true MXPA06002144A (es) 2006-05-22

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ES2282738T3 (es) 2007-10-16
US8591595B2 (en) 2013-11-26
EP1658023B1 (de) 2007-03-21
JP2007534342A (ja) 2007-11-29
US20070112431A1 (en) 2007-05-17
US20140081413A1 (en) 2014-03-20
EP1658023A1 (de) 2006-05-24
US20100198355A1 (en) 2010-08-05
BR0318475A (pt) 2006-09-12
AU2003258674A1 (en) 2005-04-14
AU2003258674A2 (en) 2005-04-14
CN1819804A (zh) 2006-08-16
ATE357195T1 (de) 2007-04-15
AR045382A1 (es) 2005-10-26
JP4191194B2 (ja) 2008-12-03
KR20100086066A (ko) 2010-07-29
AU2003258674B2 (en) 2009-12-10
DK1658023T3 (da) 2007-06-11
CN1819804B (zh) 2010-10-06
IL173388A0 (en) 2006-06-11
WO2005030098A1 (de) 2005-04-07
US9681958B2 (en) 2017-06-20
DE50306880D1 (de) 2007-05-03

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