MD361Z

MD361Z - Building panel

Info

Publication number: MD361Z
Application number: MDS20110022A
Authority: MD
Inventors: Николай БОГУСЛАВСКИЙ
Original assignee: Николай БОГУСЛАВСКИЙ
Priority date: 2011-01-28
Filing date: 2011-01-28
Publication date: 2011-11-30
Also published as: MD361Y

Abstract

The invention relates to the construction, in particular to sandwich building panels which can be used for rapid erection of bearing walls of various buildings and floors therein.The building panel includes a three-dimensional reinforcing frame, consisting of mesh sheets, diagonal rods connecting them with each other and a heat-insulating core, placed between the mesh sheets. Novelty consists in that the mesh sheets are made zigzag at the top view of the mounted panel and are placed close to the core, and the diagonal rods are made of a material with the heat conductivity coefficient of λ ≤ 0.25.The technical result is to increase the bearing and heat-shielding properties of the panel with the concomitant reduction of the own weight of the panel.

Description

Invenţia se referă la construcţie, în special la panourile de construcţie multistratificate, care pot fi utilizate la ridicarea rapidă a pereţilor portanţi ai clădirilor cu destinaţie diversă şi a planşeurilor. The invention relates to construction, in particular to multilayer construction panels, which can be used for the rapid erection of load-bearing walls of buildings with various purposes and floors.

Este cunoscut panoul de construcţie multistratificat pentru perete, care constă din plasă de armare şi miez de izolare, executat din izolator termic plat în formă de plăci. Panoul de construcţie pentru perete de asemenea conţine tije diagonale transversale din metal unite cu plasă de armare. După montarea clădirii suprafeţele panoului sunt betonate predominant prin metoda de pulverizare [1]. A multilayer construction panel for walls is known, which consists of a reinforcing mesh and an insulating core, made of a flat thermal insulator in the form of plates. The construction panel for walls also contains transverse diagonal metal rods connected with a reinforcing mesh. After the building is erected, the panel surfaces are concreted predominantly by the spray method [1].

Dezavantajele soluţiei cunoscute constau în aceea că legăturile metalice ale panoului diminuează brusc calităţile termoprotectoare ale peretelui, fiind “punţi de frig”, ceea ce conduce la necesitatea de mărire semnificativă a grosimii miezului termoprotector. În plus, deoarece izolatorul termic din plăci nu protejează armătura de acţiunea aburilor de apă condensaţi în grosimea lor, aceste legături metalice trebuie zincate sau executate din oţel rezistent la coroziune, ce complică semnificativ tehnologia de producere a panourilor date şi măreşte costul lor. Pentru amplasarea legăturilor metalice în placa izolatorului termic în locurile necesare şi sub unghiurile necesare este nevoie de echipament suficient de complicat şi costisitor. The disadvantages of the known solution are that the metal connections of the panel sharply reduce the thermal insulation qualities of the wall, being “cold bridges”, which leads to the need to significantly increase the thickness of the thermal insulation core. In addition, since the thermal insulation made of plates does not protect the reinforcement from the action of water vapor condensed in their thickness, these metal connections must be galvanized or made of corrosion-resistant steel, which significantly complicates the production technology of these panels and increases their cost. To place the metal connections in the thermal insulation plate in the necessary places and at the necessary angles, sufficiently complicated and expensive equipment is required.

Problema pe care o rezolvă invenţia constă în ameliorarea calităţilor portante şi termoprotectoare ale panoului cu reducerea concomitentă a masei proprii a panoului. The problem solved by the invention consists in improving the load-bearing and thermal-protective qualities of the panel while simultaneously reducing the panel's own mass.

Problema se soluţionează prin aceea că panoul de construcţie conţine o carcasă de armare tridimensională, ce constă din plăci reticulare, tije diagonale ce le unesc una cu alta şi un miez termoizolant amplasat între plăcile reticulare. Noutatea constă în aceea că plăcile reticulare sunt executate în formă de zigzag la vederea de sus a panoului montat şi sunt amplasate adiacent miezului, iar tijele diagonale sunt executate dintr-un material cu coeficientul de conductibilitate termică λ ≤ 0,25. The problem is solved by the fact that the construction panel contains a three-dimensional reinforcing shell, which consists of lattice plates, diagonal rods connecting them to each other and a thermal insulation core located between the lattice plates. The novelty lies in the fact that the lattice plates are made in a zigzag shape in the top view of the assembled panel and are located adjacent to the core, and the diagonal rods are made of a material with a thermal conductivity coefficient λ ≤ 0.25.

Miezul poate fi executat compus din plăci, înălţimea cărora este determinată de distanţa dintre rândurile tijelor diagonale. The core can be made up of plates, the height of which is determined by the distance between the rows of diagonal rods.

Tijele diagonale pot fi fixate de plăcile reticulare prin legare sau cu ajutorul unui liant adeziv. Diagonal rods can be fixed to the lattice boards by tying or using an adhesive binder.

În calitate de material cu coeficientul de conductibilitate termică λ ≤ 0,25 se utilizează, de exemplu, plastic armat cu fibre de sticlă sau plastic bazaltic. As a material with a thermal conductivity coefficient λ ≤ 0.25, for example, glass fiber reinforced plastic or basalt plastic is used.

Lungimea tijelor diagonale este aleasă astfel încât acestea să servească drept repere la betonarea panoului. The length of the diagonal rods is chosen so that they serve as landmarks when concreting the panel.

Executarea tijelor diagonale din armătură din plastic armat cu fibre de sticlă sau plastic bazaltic permite de a reduce coeficientul de conductibilitate termică de 100...115 ori în comparaţie cu tijele din oţel zincat. Asemenea materiale au o masă semnificativ redusă, rezistenţă sporită comparativ cu oţelul, nu sunt supuse coroziunii şi sunt mai alcalino-rezistente în mediul mortarului de construcţie şi betonului în comparaţie cu metalul. The manufacture of diagonal rods from fiberglass or basalt plastic reinforcement allows to reduce the coefficient of thermal conductivity by 100...115 times compared to galvanized steel rods. Such materials have a significantly reduced mass, increased strength compared to steel, are not subject to corrosion and are more alkali-resistant in the environment of construction mortar and concrete compared to metal.

Executarea plăcilor reticulare în formă de zigzag la vederea de sus a panoului montat (în formă de gofră cu proeminenţe şi adâncituri alternante) permite sporirea semnificativă a rezistenţei panoului la comprimare şi ameliorarea calităţilor portante ale panoului. The execution of the reticular plates in a zigzag shape when viewed from above from the assembled panel (in the form of a corrugation with alternating protrusions and depressions) allows for a significant increase in the panel's compressive strength and improvement of the panel's load-bearing qualities.

După montarea clădirii suprafeţele panourilor de construcţie sunt betonate cu beton granulat fin de înaltă rezistenţă cu fibre. After the building is erected, the surfaces of the construction panels are concreted with high-strength, fine-grained concrete with fibers.

Rezultatul tehnic constă în sporirea calităţilor portante şi termoprotectoare ale panoului cu reducerea concomitentă a masei proprii a panoului. The technical result consists in increasing the load-bearing and thermal protective qualities of the panel while simultaneously reducing the panel's own mass.

Invenţia se explică prin desenele din fig. 1-3, care reprezintă: The invention is explained by the drawings in Fig. 1-3, which represent:

- fig. 1, panou de construcţie, secţiunea B-B; - Fig. 1, construction panel, section B-B;

- fig. 2, panou de construcţie, secţiunea A-A; - Fig. 2, construction panel, section A-A;

- fig. 3, clădirea ridicată din panouri de construcţie, vedere generală. - Fig. 3, the building built from construction panels, general view.

Panoul de construcţie constă din miezul termoizolant 1, din ambele părţi ale căruia paralel cu el sunt instalate plăcile reticulare 2, executate în formă de zigzag la vederea de sus a panoului montat, şi unite prin intermediul tijelor diagonale 3, executate, de exemplu, din plastic armat cu fibre de sticlă sau plastic bazaltic. După montare pe panoul de construcţie se depune stratul 4 din beton granulat fin de înaltă rezistenţă cu fibre. The building panel consists of a thermal insulation core 1, on both sides of which parallel to it are installed lattice plates 2, made in a zigzag shape in the top view of the installed panel, and connected by diagonal rods 3, made, for example, of glass fiber reinforced plastic or basalt plastic. After installation, a layer 4 of high-strength fine-grained fiber concrete is laid on the building panel.

Panoul de construcţie este asamblat în modul următor. The construction panel is assembled in the following way.

Asamblarea panoului este executată prin aşezarea în rând a plăcilor miezului termoizolant 1 pe o suprafaţă orizontală. Apoi din ambele părţi ale miezului paralel cu el se instalează plăcile reticulare 2, care prin metoda de legare sunt fixate cu tijele diagonale 3, ce trec prin stratul miezului termoizolant 1. The assembly of the panel is carried out by placing the thermal insulation core plates 1 in a row on a horizontal surface. Then, from both sides of the core parallel to it, the lattice plates 2 are installed, which are fixed by the binding method with diagonal rods 3, which pass through the layer of the thermal insulation core 1.

Caracteristicile panoului comparativ cu cea mai apropiată soluţie pot fi obţinute la grosimea miezului nu de 120 mm, ci de 100 mm, a straturilor de faţadă din beton nu de 50 mm, ci de 30 mm. Astfel, masa unui metru pătrat de panou este redusă de la 220 kg până la 130 kg, ce reduce semnificativ sarcina seismică a clădirii şi, prin urmare, permite de a mări numărul de etaje ale clădirii fără consolidarea fundamentului şi construcţiilor portante. The characteristics of the panel compared to the closest solution can be obtained with a core thickness of not 120 mm, but 100 mm, and a concrete facade layer thickness of not 50 mm, but 30 mm. Thus, the mass of one square meter of the panel is reduced from 220 kg to 130 kg, which significantly reduces the seismic load on the building and, therefore, allows to increase the number of floors of the building without strengthening the foundation and load-bearing structures.

În plus, grosimea panoului de construcţie pentru perete este redusă de la 220 mm până la 160 mm. La gabaritele egale ale clădirii aceasta permite la fiecare metru liniar al peretelui fiecărui etaj de a obţine suplimentar 0,06 m2 de suprafaţă utilă. Aşa, de exemplu, pentru o casă cu două etaje cu gabarite în plan de 10×10 m suplimentul de suprafaţă va constitui 10 m2. In addition, the thickness of the wall construction panel is reduced from 220 mm to 160 mm. With equal dimensions of the building, this allows for each linear meter of the wall of each floor to obtain an additional 0.06 m2 of usable area. So, for example, for a two-story house with dimensions in plan of 10×10 m, the additional area will be 10 m2.

1. RU 2095526 C1 1997.11.10 1. RU 2095526 C1 1997.11.10

Claims

1. Construction panel, which contains a three-dimensional reinforcement shell, consisting of lattice plates, diagonal rods connecting them to each other and a thermal insulation core located between the lattice plates, characterized in that the lattice plates are made in a zigzag shape in the top view of the assembled panel and are located adjacent to the core, and the diagonal rods are made of a material with a thermal conductivity coefficient λ ≤ 0.25.

2. Construction panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the core is made up of boards, the height of which is determined by the distance between the rows of diagonal rods.

3. Construction panel according to claims 1, 2, characterized in that as a material with a thermal conductivity coefficient λ ≤ 0.25, for example, glass fiber reinforced plastic or basalt plastic is used.

4. Construction panel according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the diagonal rods are fixed to the lattice plates by bonding or by means of an adhesive binder.

5. Construction panel according to claims 1-4, characterized in that the length of the diagonal rods is chosen such that they serve as landmarks when concreting the panel.