CN102220809A - Spraying sandwiched concrete shear wall structure of clamp die fixing machinery and construction method - Google Patents
Spraying sandwiched concrete shear wall structure of clamp die fixing machinery and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102220809A CN102220809A CN2011100922509A CN201110092250A CN102220809A CN 102220809 A CN102220809 A CN 102220809A CN 2011100922509 A CN2011100922509 A CN 2011100922509A CN 201110092250 A CN201110092250 A CN 201110092250A CN 102220809 A CN102220809 A CN 102220809A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a spraying sandwiched concrete shear wall structure of a clamp die fixing machinery and a construction method; the method comprises the following steps: a precast steel mesh core plate is installed on a poured-in-place underbeam/foundation correspondingly, then a clamp die column and a clamp die of a clamp die beam are installed, two side surfaces of the steel mesh core plate are fixed by the clamp die, a concrete layer is sprayed mechanically on the surface of the steel mesh core plate, a steel mesh of the steel mesh core plate is solidified in the concrete layer, then the clamp die column and the clamp die beam are poured in place, vibrating is conducted in the pouring process, and the poured concrete is densely solidified with the corresponding edge of the concrete layer, so that a frame light sandwiched concrete beating wall body can be formed. By adopting the method, the effects of integrity, strength, impact resistance, shock resistance, heat insulation, energy conversation and the like of the wall body can be greatly improved, the self weight of the wall body can be reduced, the pouring formwork can be saved by 60%, the working can be reduced, the construction period can be accelerated, the engineering manufacturing cost is lowered, and the invention is particularly suitable for shear walls of multi-layer and high-rise buildings and construction.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of shear wall construction method and adopt the shear wall structure of this method preparation, this method is particularly useful for various the civilian construction particularly load-carrying members and the construction of multilayer and highrise building.
Background technology
Existing building masonry wall particularly shear wall construction method mostly is concrete cast in situs, can not realize that energy-conservation, insulation, building structure are integrated, its defective is that the site operation amount is big, long in time limit, particularly need to be provided with separately the insulation layer of body of wall, be easy to the phenomenon that insulation layer is peeled off and come off occur, cause the wasting of resources, can't guarantee energy-conservation 65% requirement.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of clamping solid mechanical spraying sandwich concrete shear force wall job practices, adopt the construction of this method not only can guarantee that the insulation layer of body of wall can not peel off disengaging, and can realize built-inization of exterior-wall heat insulation, with the same life-span of building, saving a large amount of form costs uses, can reduce the site operation amount significantly, the reduction of erection time, reduce construction costs.
Main technical schemes of the present invention is:
A kind of clamping solid mechanical spraying sandwich concrete shear force wall job practices, specifically be after being installed in prefabricated steel mesh central layer contraposition on the underbeam/basis of cast in situs, the clamping of clamping post and clamping beam is installed, fix with clamping post and clamping beam in the two sides of described steel mesh central layer again, mechanically spraying layer of concrete on the plate face of described steel mesh central layer, the steel mesh of described steel mesh central layer is cemented among the described layer of concrete, and then carry out the cast in situs of described clamping post and clamping beam, in building, vibrate, the concrete of building is consolidated densely with the respective edges of described layer of concrete, forms frame formula light sandwich concrete bearing body of wall.
When the gunning concrete layer is carried out in the both sides of described steel mesh central layer, preferably make left hand edge, right hand edge and the top edge of described layer of concrete present roughened end surface.
When described clamping post and clamping beam are installed, preferably the going up of described steel mesh central layer, a left side and right hand edge are wrapped in the clamping of corresponding clamping post or clamping beam, behind the gunning concrete layer of described steel mesh central layer both sides, the edge of layer of concrete carrying out compacting.
Described clamping solid mechanical spraying sandwich concrete shear force wall job practices can may further comprise the steps:
(1) connecting reinforcement of pre-buried steel web-roll core plate and the longitudinal reinforcement of constructional column on the underbeam/basis below being positioned at described steel mesh central layer;
(2) described steel mesh central layer is installed in contraposition on described underbeam/basis;
(3) the clamping post that is connected with described steel mesh central layer of configuration and the reinforcing bar of clamping beam;
(4) the clamping post be connected with described steel mesh central layer and the clamping of clamping beam are installed;
(5) at the two sides of described steel mesh central layer mechanically spraying layer of concrete;
(6) described clamping post of cast in situs and clamping beam.
Described clamping beam can comprise collar tie beam and coupling beam, and described clamping post comprises constructional column, is provided with one or more described constructional columns in the big body of wall of the standard width of a room in an old-style house or depth.
Described steel mesh central layer preferably is provided with and is respectively applied for some horizontal connecting reinforcement and the plurality of vertical connecting reinforcement that is connected with the clamping beam with corresponding described clamping post, described horizontal connecting reinforcement stretches in the described clamping post, and described vertical connecting reinforcement stretches in the described clamping beam.
Described horizontal connecting reinforcement and vertically the concrete structure of connecting reinforcement and set-up mode can for following any one:
(1) both sides of four edges are provided with the bar dowel of some levels and the bar dowel of plurality of vertical separately about about described steel mesh central layer, described bar dowel constitutes corresponding horizontal connecting reinforcement and vertical connecting reinforcement, the one end is positioned at the side at described steel mesh central layer respective edges position, the other end extends in corresponding clamping post or the clamping beam, the described vertical bar dowel that is positioned at described steel mesh central layer lower limb was embedded on corresponding underbeam/basis before described steel mesh central layer is installed, the bar dowel that is positioned at the described vertical bar dowel of described steel mesh central layer top edge and described level is provided with after the steel mesh central layer is installed, and the each several part with described bar dowel in the process of the layer of concrete of mechanically spraying steel mesh central layer two sides and cast-in-place clamping post/clamping beam is cemented in corresponding layer of concrete and the clamping post/clamping beam;
(2) the long reinforcing bar of some levels and vertical long reinforcing bar are set respectively in the both sides of described steel mesh central layer, described long reinforcing bar constitutes corresponding horizontal connecting reinforcement and vertical connecting reinforcement, its two ends extend out from two opposite edges positions of described steel mesh central layer respectively, enter in corresponding clamping post or the clamping beam, described vertical long reinforcing bar was embedded on corresponding underbeam/basis before described steel mesh central layer is installed, the long reinforcing bar of described level is provided with after the steel mesh central layer is installed, and each position with described long reinforcing bar in the process of the layer of concrete of mechanically spraying steel mesh central layer two sides and cast-in-place corresponding clamping post/clamping beam is cemented in respectively in corresponding layer of concrete and the clamping post/clamping beam.
Described steel mesh central layer comprises light-weight laminboard and is positioned at the steel mesh of described light-weight laminboard both sides that described mechanically spraying layer of concrete is cemented in described steel mesh wherein.
The end that described horizontal connecting reinforcement and described vertical connecting reinforcement are positioned at described clamping post or described clamping beam preferably is the U-shaped that turns back.
Steel mesh central layer between adjacent two constructional columns can be constituted or formed by a plurality of bar shaped steel mesh central layer spellings by a monoblock steel mesh central layer sheet material, spelling is integrally welded by horizontal steel wire typing between described a plurality of bar shaped steel mesh central layers of a steel mesh central layer, and described horizontal steel wire and bar shaped steel mesh central layer side are covered by described layer of concrete.
The preferred foamed poly styrene plastic of the light material of described light-weight laminboard.
Described bar shaped steel mesh central layer all is a vertical bar steel mesh central layer preferably, be divided into long vertical bar steel mesh central layer and short vertical bar steel mesh central layer, described long vertical bar steel mesh central layer is connected corresponding going up between the underbeam, lower limb constitutes the part of the last lower limb of described steel mesh central layer respectively on it, the lower limb of described short vertical bar steel mesh central layer constitutes the part of the lower limb of described steel mesh central layer, top edge links to each other with the window lower frame, the seam of described long vertical bar steel mesh central layer and short vertical bar steel mesh central layer is connected by horizontal welding wire typing, the right hand edge that wherein is positioned at the vertical bar steel mesh central layer of the rightmost side constitutes the right hand edge of described steel mesh central layer, the left hand edge that is positioned at the vertical bar steel mesh central layer of the leftmost side constitutes the left hand edge of described steel mesh central layer, and door/window opening mouth preferably is provided with vertical stiffener and horizontal stiffener.The left and right edges of described vertical bar steel mesh central layer also can be provided with horizontal connecting reinforcement.
Adopt above-mentioned basic job practices and described each concrete scheme, can prepare following shear wall structure:
A kind of clamping solid mechanical spraying sandwich concrete shear wall structure, be frame formula light sandwich concrete wall, comprise prefabricated steel mesh central layer, be cemented in the layer of concrete of the mechanically spraying on the light material plate two sides of described steel mesh central layer, and with the post and the beam of the fixed densely cast-in-site in the edge of described steel mesh central layer, the beam fixed with the lower limb of described steel mesh central layer is underbeam/basis, and the steel mesh of described steel mesh central layer is cemented in the described layer of concrete.
Described layer of concrete is that on-the-spot mechanically spraying forms, and the end face of left hand edge, right hand edge and the top edge of the described layer of concrete that the spraying back forms is a roughened end surface.
Preferably, the going up of described steel mesh central layer, a left side and right hand edge are arranged in corresponding post or beam separately.
The two sides of the lower limb of described steel mesh central layer are provided with the connecting reinforcement that some above-below directions extend along left and right directions, the bottom of described connecting reinforcement is arranged in described underbeam/basis, is consolidated with the steel bar stress that extends along the length direction of described post and beam in described post and the beam respectively.Be provided with connecting reinforcement between interconnective described post and the beam, this connecting reinforcement part is cemented in the described post, and another part is cemented in the described beam.
Described beam comprises collar tie beam and coupling beam, and described post comprises constructional column, for the standard width of a room in an old-style house or the big body of wall of depth, can be provided with one or more described constructional columns in its body of wall, and the standard width of a room in an old-style house or depth are big more, and the constructional column that should be provided with is many more.
Wherein, described steel mesh central layer can be provided with and be respectively applied for some horizontal connecting reinforcement and the plurality of vertical connecting reinforcement that is connected with beam with corresponding described post, the part that described horizontal connecting reinforcement exceeds described steel mesh central layer is cemented in the described post, and the part that described vertical connecting reinforcement exceeds described steel mesh central layer is cemented in the described beam.
Described horizontal connecting reinforcement and vertically the concrete structure of connecting reinforcement and set-up mode can for following any one:
(1) in the both sides of left and right, upper and lower four edges of described steel mesh central layer the bar dowel of some levels and the bar dowel of plurality of vertical are set separately, described bar dowel constitutes corresponding horizontal connecting reinforcement and vertical connecting reinforcement, the one end is positioned at the side at described steel mesh central layer respective edges position, and the other end extends into and is cemented in corresponding post or the beam;
(2) the long reinforcing bar of some levels and vertical long reinforcing bar are set respectively in the both sides of described steel mesh central layer, described long reinforcing bar constitutes corresponding horizontal connecting reinforcement and vertical connecting reinforcement, its two ends extend out from two opposite edges positions of described steel mesh central layer respectively, and enter and be cemented in corresponding post or the beam.
Described steel mesh central layer comprises light-weight laminboard and is positioned at the steel mesh of described light-weight laminboard both sides that described steel mesh is cemented in the described mechanically spraying layer of concrete.
The end that is positioned at described post or beam of described horizontal connecting reinforcement and described vertical connecting reinforcement preferably is the U-shaped that turns back.
Steel mesh central layer between adjacent two constructional columns can be constituted or formed by a plurality of bar shaped steel mesh central layer spellings by a monoblock steel mesh central layer sheet material, spelling is can be integrally welded by horizontal steel wire typing between described a plurality of bar shaped steel mesh central layers of a steel mesh central layer, described horizontal steel wire and bar shaped steel mesh central layer side are covered the preferred foamed poly styrene plastic of the light material of described light-weight laminboard by described layer of concrete.
The two sides of described light-weight laminboard can be provided with or not be provided with prefabricated concrete surface layer.
Preferably, described bar shaped steel mesh central layer all is a vertical bar steel mesh central layer, and described vertical bar steel mesh central layer can be divided into long vertical bar steel mesh central layer and short vertical bar steel mesh central layer.For there not being door/window body of wall, whole vertical bar steel mesh central layers is described long vertical bar steel mesh central layer; For door/window body of wall is arranged, the vertical bar steel mesh central layer that is then adopted comprises long vertical bar steel mesh central layer and short vertical bar steel mesh central layer.On described long vertical bar steel mesh central layer is connected accordingly, between the underbeam, on it, lower limb constitute respectively described steel mesh central layer on, the part of lower limb, the lower limb of described short vertical bar steel mesh central layer constitutes the part of the lower limb of described steel mesh central layer, top edge links to each other with the window lower frame, the seam of described long vertical bar steel mesh central layer and short vertical bar steel mesh central layer is connected by horizontal welding wire typing, the right hand edge that is positioned at the vertical bar steel mesh central layer of the rightmost side constitutes the right hand edge of described steel mesh central layer, the left hand edge that is positioned at the vertical bar steel mesh central layer of the leftmost side constitutes the left hand edge of described steel mesh central layer, and door/window opening mouth is provided with vertical stiffener and horizontal stiffener.The left and right edge of described vertical bar steel mesh central layer all can be provided with horizontal connecting reinforcement, can be used for each other or with post between be connected.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Because the edge of steel mesh central layer is cemented in continuous the clamping post or clamping beam, the integral bending and the anti-impact force of steel mesh central layer have been increased substantially thus, in the layer of concrete spraying process, not only do not need to make separately support, but also allow higher expulsion pressure and emitted dose, greatly improved the intensity of production efficiency and layer of concrete.
The frame formula structure that the beam of integral cast-in-situ, post form plays effect of contraction to steel mesh sandwich wall, has improved the globality and the bearing capacity of frame formula light sandwich concrete wall structure, increases the antidetonation and the anti-ability of collapsing of body of wall, and comprehensive technical performance is good.
Because the horizontal connecting reinforcement of steel mesh central layer and vertically connecting reinforcement to stretch into the clamping post that links to each other or clamping beam interior and become the part of corresponding clamping post or clamping beam, greatly improve the connection reliability of steel mesh central layer and clamping post or clamping beam, can further improve the integral bending and the anti-impact force of steel mesh central layer.
Because the end that horizontal connecting reinforcement and vertical connecting reinforcement are positioned at described clamping post or described clamping beam is the U-shaped that turns back, further strengthened the bonding strength of steel mesh central layer and clamping post or clamping beam, particularly improved the non-deformability that is applied on the described steel mesh central layer, during the basic neutralisation in-situ spraying on described steel mesh central layer applied pressure, improve the force-bearing situation of each one of shear wall, reduce the cracking equivalent risk.
Make the steel mesh central layer owing to adopt light-weight laminboard, reduced the deadweight of wall significantly, transportation, lifting operation have also been made things convenient for, reduced requirement to construction equipment, reduce construction costs, (sound insulation factor＞40dB), (the light wall fire endurance of the thick sandwich of 140mm was greater than 1.5 hours, and fire resistance rating is three grades in fire prevention also to have improved the insulation of body of wall, heat insulation, sound insulation simultaneously, the thick light wall fire endurance of 160mm was greater than 2.0 hours, and fire resistance rating is a secondary.), performance such as noise reduction.
Because the steel mesh central layer that plays insulation effect is clipped in the centre of body of wall by the two-layer gunning concrete layer in inside and outside, has avoided fire destruction, safe and reliable.
Because described steel mesh central layer can be formed by a plurality of bar shaped steel mesh central layer spellings, interchangeability is strong, adapts to building diversity cooperative dimensioning and changes, and only uses less specification can reach variation and versatility, easily realizes the standardization industrial production.
Adopt the layer of concrete of prefabricated steel mesh central layer and in-situ spraying steel mesh central layer side, reduce template in a large number and build, obviously shortened the duration, realized energy-conservation, save land, material-saving and environment protection requirement.
Be welded to connect fixing described steel mesh central layer or bar shaped steel mesh central layer by cast-in-place constructional column and the typing of horizontal steel wire, solve the easy problem that produces vertical crack, plaster cracking of steel mesh central layer seam crossing under the prior art, also further improved integrality of wall, intensity and anti-impact, anti-seismic performance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 relates to the structural representation of monoblock steel mesh central layer (fenestrate type);
Fig. 2 relates to the structural representation of monoblock steel mesh central layer (windowless type);
Fig. 3 is the b-b sectional view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the a-a sectional view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is a steel mesh central layer scheme of installation;
Fig. 6 is the c-c sectional view of Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is configuration clamping post, clamping beam steel schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is the clamping scheme of installation of clamping post and clamping beam;
Fig. 9 is the d-d sectional view of Fig. 8;
Figure 10 is clamping solid mechanical spraying sandwich concrete shear wall structure (monoblock steel mesh central layer) schematic diagram of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the f-f sectional view of Figure 10;
Figure 12 is clamping solid mechanical spraying sandwich concrete shear wall structure (bar shaped steel mesh central layer spelling) schematic diagram of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
The clamping solid mechanical spraying sandwich concrete shear wall structure that the invention provides a kind of clamping solid mechanical spraying sandwich concrete shear force wall job practices and adopt this method preparation.The main feature of described job practices is: after prefabricated steel mesh central layer contraposition being installed on the underbeam/basis of cast in situs, the clamping of clamping post and clamping beam is installed, fix with clamping post and clamping beam in the two sides of described steel mesh central layer again, mechanically spraying layer of concrete on the light material plate face of described steel mesh central layer, the steel mesh of described steel mesh central layer is cemented among the described layer of concrete, and then carry out the cast in situs of described clamping post and clamping beam, in building, vibrate, the concrete of building is consolidated densely with the respective edges of described layer of concrete, form frame formula light sandwich concrete bearing body of wall, constitute the vertical load-carrying members of cast-in-place close post pre-manufactured steel web-roll core plate.(on-the-spot mechanically spraying concrete is also removed post for prepared shear wall structure such as Figure 10, the shear wall of finishing after the beam clamping), (on-the-spot mechanically spraying concrete is also removed post to Figure 12, the shear wall of finishing after the beam clamping) shown in, comprise prefabricated steel mesh central layer, be cemented in the layer of concrete of the mechanically spraying on the light material plate two sides of described steel mesh central layer, and with the beam and column of the fixed densely cast-in-site in the edge of described steel mesh central layer, the beam fixed with the lower limb of described steel mesh central layer is underbeam/basis, and the steel mesh of described steel mesh central layer is cemented in the described layer of concrete.By structural test, mechanical analysis and engineering checking computations, cast-in-place close post is connected reliably with the steel mesh central layer, has improved the globality and the anti-seismic performance of described shear wall structure.
Preferably, when carrying out the gunning concrete layer, make left hand edge, right hand edge and the top edge of described layer of concrete present roughened end surface, to improve described clamping post and clamping beam bond strength significantly with described layer of concrete edge in the both sides of described steel mesh central layer.
When described clamping post and clamping beam are installed, preferably the going up of described steel mesh central layer, a left side and right hand edge are wrapped in the clamping of corresponding clamping post or clamping beam, and behind the gunning concrete layer of described steel mesh central layer both sides, edge to layer of concrete carries out compacting, to strengthen the bonding strength of steel mesh central layer and clamping post, clamping beam, improved antidetonation, the shock resistance of shear wall.
Described steel mesh central layer is prefabricated light plate, at the construction field (site), by special-purpose beam, post clamping be fixed on the foundation ring girder (the frame post apart from≤4.2m), the on-the-spot light wall of sandwich that forms at steel mesh central layer two sides gunning concrete layer, add clamping post, the clamping beam of cast in situs, formed the vertical load bearing system of building; Then, constituted horizontal load supporting system at cast-in-place monolithic floor of back timber (roof) or precast floor slab (roof).
For the light wall of sandwich, cast-in-place clamping post and clamping beam have constituted its frame all around, this frame has effect of contraction to the light wall of sandwich, improve the globality and the bearing capacity of structure, increased the anti-ability of collapsing of structure, comprehensive technical performance is good, and 8 °, 9 ° districts can build multi-storey building and high residential building providing fortification against earthquakes.And, outstanding in aspect overall economic efficiencies such as energy-conservation, material-saving, saving of labor, reduction of erection time, reduction costs.The light wall of the concrete sandwich of band edge frame is because beam, post constraint and stressed jointly improves 1.93 times of body of wall axial compression stability, and the light wall bearing capacity of the thick sandwich of the 140mm of band edge frame is greater than 3.5 times of the loadings of 8 layers of dwelling house first floor wall, and is safe and reliable; Band edge frame constraint sandwich wall bidirectional stress improves 4.2 times than single load bearing, and external load can reach 8.4KN/m
2, can resist 12 grades of strong wind, the light wall of the sandwich that the 160mm of band edge frame is thick, 180mm is thick and 200mm is thick is used for high residential building, and bearing capacity is big, and antidetonation is good, and is safe and reliable.
Through the static(al) shock test, clamping solid mechanical spraying sandwich concrete shear wall structure overall performance of the present invention is good, common stress deformation unanimity; At axial pressure with back and forth under the horizontal force action, the light wall of the sandwich of band edge frame surface is covered with diagonal crack, and the crack is many, stitches wide for a short time and be evenly distributed, and is beneficial to the dissipation seismic energy; When the extreme displacement angle of test reached 1/68, bearing capacity descended few, still has biological bearing capacity more than 80 percent, and displacement still can continue to increase, and deformability is big, and ductility is good, can satisfy 8 °, 9 ° requirementss for fortification against earthquake.
Shown in Fig. 5-12, comparatively particularly, described clamping solid mechanical spraying sandwich concrete shear force wall job practices can may further comprise the steps:
(1) connecting reinforcement 2 of pre-buried steel web-roll core plate and the longitudinal reinforcement 3 of constructional column on the underbeam below being positioned at described steel mesh central layer/basis 1.
(2) described steel mesh central layer 4 is installed in contraposition on described underbeam/basis.Simultaneously can perform other preparation of construction work; comprise and set up single scaffold and job platform and due environmental protective measure; gunning concrete is joined in in-situ spraying equipment shakedown, examination, makes concrete mix, denseness, adhesion, compactness etc. satisfy quality requirement.
(3) reinforcing bar of configuration clamping post and clamping beam, comprise post steel bar stress 9, beam stress reinforcing bar 10 and connect described steel mesh central layer respectively and post, beam between connecting reinforcement.
(4) concrete coating thickness mark and scaffold wall-through hole are set in the both sides of described steel mesh central layer, the clamping 5 and 6 that clamping post and clamping beam are installed, with the clamping of steel mesh central layer periphery, levelling, fixed behind the door and window hole guiding ruler frame centering.
(5) at described steel mesh central layer two sides mechanically spraying layer of concrete 11, preferably spraying from bottom to top, preferred both side surface spray interfacial agents at described steel mesh central layer before the spraying is to improve described steel mesh central layer surface flame-retardant performance and adhesion stress; Should notice during this time guaranteeing that the concrete that steel mesh central layer and clamping post, clamping beam seam edge spray needs compacting.Spray after 2-4 hour, described mechanically spraying layer of concrete can spray the clear water maintenance, preferably is no less than 7 days.
(6) treat that described mechanically spraying layer of concrete intensity reaches 7.5MPa after, carry out the cast in situs of clamping post, clamping beam and indoor floor again, answer the pre-buried good connecting reinforcement that is connected with last layer steel mesh central layer and the longitudinal reinforcement of constructional column when the collar tie beam on interior exterior wall top, coupling beam construction, after collar tie beam, coupling beam and the floorslab concrete of this layer are built, remove this layer clamping, can carry out the last layer construction.
Described clamping beam comprises collar tie beam and coupling beam, and described clamping post comprises constructional column.
When the standard width of a room in an old-style house in a room or depth were big, the span of corresponding metope was big, should set up one or more described constructional columns therebetween usually, so that make the load ability to bear reach required level.
Described steel mesh central layer preferably is provided with and is respectively applied for some horizontal connecting reinforcement 4.1 and the plurality of vertical connecting reinforcement 4.2 that is connected with the clamping beam with corresponding described clamping post, when described steel mesh central layer being installed and disposing clamping post, clamping beam steel, described horizontal connecting reinforcement is stretched in the described clamping post, and described vertical connecting reinforcement stretches in the described clamping beam.Stretch in described clamping post or the clamping beam horizontal connecting reinforcement or vertically connecting reinforcement be cemented in described clamping post or the clamping beam and become its part, improved the bonding strength of steel mesh central layer with clamping post or clamping beam.
Described horizontal connecting reinforcement and vertically the concrete structure of connecting reinforcement and set-up mode be following any one:
(1) both sides of four edges are provided with the bar dowel of some levels and the bar dowel of plurality of vertical separately about about described steel mesh central layer, described bar dowel constitutes corresponding horizontal connecting reinforcement and vertical connecting reinforcement, the one end is positioned at the side at described steel mesh central layer respective edges position, the other end extends in corresponding clamping post or the clamping beam, the described vertical bar dowel that is positioned at described steel mesh central layer lower limb was embedded on corresponding underbeam/basis before described steel mesh central layer is installed, the bar dowel that is positioned at the described vertical bar dowel of described steel mesh central layer top edge and described level is provided with after the steel mesh central layer is installed, and the each several part with described bar dowel in the process of the layer of concrete of mechanically spraying steel mesh central layer two sides and cast-in-place clamping post/clamping beam is cemented in corresponding layer of concrete and the clamping post/clamping beam;
(2) the long reinforcing bar of some levels and vertical long reinforcing bar are set respectively in the both sides of described steel mesh central layer, described long reinforcing bar constitutes corresponding horizontal connecting reinforcement and vertical connecting reinforcement, its two ends extend out from two opposite edges positions of described steel mesh central layer respectively, enter in corresponding clamping post or the clamping beam, described vertical long reinforcing bar was embedded on corresponding underbeam/basis before described steel mesh central layer is installed, the long reinforcing bar of described level is provided with after the steel mesh central layer is installed, and each position with described long reinforcing bar in the process of the layer of concrete of mechanically spraying steel mesh central layer two sides and cast-in-place corresponding clamping post/clamping beam is cemented in respectively in corresponding layer of concrete and the clamping post/clamping beam.Adopt long reinforcing bar (i.e. one whole reinforcing bar), further improved the bonding strength of steel mesh central layer and clamping post, clamping beam and the bearing capacity of steel mesh central layer bearing wall.
Described steel mesh central layer comprises light-weight laminboard (being described light material) and is positioned at the steel mesh 4.4 of described light-weight laminboard both sides (both sides promptly), the plate face of described light-weight laminboard is described light material plate face, described mechanically spraying layer of concrete is cemented in described steel mesh wherein, can improve significantly described mechanically spraying layer of concrete on the steel mesh central layer adhesive strength and avoid occurring the crack.When the thickness of described steel mesh central layer was 60mm, described steel mesh was preferably
The zinc-plated steel mesh of 50 * 50 grids.
Preferably, the edge of 30-50mm width is cemented in described clamping post and the clamping beam around the described steel mesh central layer, has both guaranteed certain bonding strength, the described steel mesh central layer of minimizing within reason again effectively utilize area.The end that described horizontal connecting reinforcement and described vertical connecting reinforcement are positioned at described clamping post or described clamping beam preferably is the U-shaped that turns back, further strengthen the bonding strength of steel mesh central layer and clamping post or clamping beam, particularly improved the non-deformability that is applied on the described steel mesh central layer, during the basic neutralisation in-situ spraying on described steel mesh central layer applied pressure, improve the force-bearing situation of each one of shear wall, reduce the cracking equivalent risk.
Steel mesh central layer between adjacent two constructional columns can be constituted or formed by a plurality of bar shaped steel mesh central layer 7 spellings (being composite assembly) by a monoblock steel mesh central layer.For a monoblock steel mesh central layer, can make by the special molding machine by architectural design in factory, whole size is about 3*3.6m, can be divided into fenestrate and windowless steel mesh central layer, a kind of embodiment of fenestrate steel mesh central layer can be referring to Fig. 1, a kind of embodiment of windowless steel mesh central layer can be referring to shown in Fig. 2-4, and wherein fenestrate steel mesh central layer is provided with window opening mouth reinforcing rib 4.3 around the window opening mouth.Spelling is to be welded into one by many horizontal steel wires typings of parallel arrangement up and down between described a plurality of bar shaped steel mesh central layers of a steel mesh central layer, and described horizontal steel wire and bar shaped steel mesh central layer side are covered by described layer of concrete.The horizontal steel wire typing of employing welding connecting mode is connected and fixed each adjacent steel web-roll core plate and bar shaped steel mesh central layer, has solved the problem that easily produces vertical crack, plaster cracking under the prior art at steel mesh central layer seam crossing.
Adopt the flexible interchangeability of bar shaped steel mesh central layer assembly unit strong, adapt to building diversity cooperative dimensioning and change, only use less specification can reach very strong versatility, easily realize the standardization industrial production.In addition, bar shaped steel mesh central layer template is simple, and technical requirements is not high, and small investment of production equipment is installed and transportation does not need large-scale facility, is highly suitable in the high-building construction of medium developed regions and applies.
The preferred foamed poly styrene plastic of the light material of described light-weight laminboard also can be organic foam plastics such as phenolic resins or polyurethanes, makes the thermal resistance of formed wallboard be about 1.1m
2K/w, the body of wall density p is more than or equal to 200kg/m
2, its hot lazy index can satisfy the heat insulation requirement of Xia Redong cold-peace hot summer and warm winter region, and insulation can be selected thermal insulation mortar for use, has well energy-conservation and insulation effect, and wall thermal insulating can satisfy the party wall insulation requirement of household metering dwelling house.Owing to be subjected to the fine protection of the described mechanically spraying layer of concrete of both sides; the insulation effect of described light-weight laminboard is lasting; the same life-span of insulation construction and building; can reach more than 50 years; especially for exterior wall, adopt that this job practices can realize load-bearing, heat preservation construction is integrated once finishes, realized built-inization of exterior-wall heat insulation; saved the construction of extra exterior-wall heat insulation, it is energy-conservation more than 65% to select for use composite thermal insulation structure to satisfy at severe cold and cold district exterior-wall heat insulation.
The two sides of described light-weight laminboard are not provided with prefabricated concrete surface layer, and described horizontal connecting reinforcement and vertical connecting reinforcement preferably are arranged on the described steel mesh, and for example the mode by binding or welding is fixed on the described steel mesh.
Adopt described bar shaped steel mesh central layer, body of wall is from heavy and light and economical with materials, and thick its concrete actual (real) thickness of body of wall of spraying back 140mm is 80mm, and hollow rate is 42.8%, and the body of wall deadweight reduces more than 1/3; Its concrete actual (real) thickness of body of wall that 160mm is thick is 100mm, and every square metre of deadweight is 200-250kg, and is lighter 150 kilograms than the every square meter of cast-in-place concrete wall.In addition, body of wall improves much than the concrete wall mechanical property of condition of equivalent thickness, and the cross section resistance moment improves 2.8 times, and second moment of area improves 4.94 times.
Preferably, described bar shaped steel mesh central layer all is a vertical bar steel mesh central layer, can be divided into long vertical bar steel mesh central layer and short vertical bar steel mesh central layer.For there not being door/window body of wall, whole vertical bar steel mesh central layers is described long vertical bar steel mesh central layer.The height of described long vertical bar steel mesh central layer is preferably with the floor height sizing, and as floor height 2800mm, cast-in-place collar tie beam is the 200mm height, and the height of then described vertical bar steel mesh central layer can be 2600mm.
For door/window body of wall is arranged, the vertical bar steel mesh central layer that is then adopted can comprise long vertical bar steel mesh central layer and short vertical bar steel mesh central layer, to adapt to the design of door/window is arranged.Described long vertical bar steel mesh central layer is connected corresponding going up between the underbeam, lower limb constitutes the part of the last lower limb of described steel mesh central layer respectively on it, the lower limb of described short vertical bar steel mesh central layer constitutes the part of the lower limb of described steel mesh central layer, top edge links to each other with the window lower frame, the seam of described long vertical bar steel mesh central layer and short vertical bar steel mesh central layer is connected by horizontal welding wire typing, the right hand edge that is positioned at the vertical bar steel mesh central layer of the rightmost side constitutes the right hand edge of described steel mesh central layer, and the left hand edge that is positioned at the vertical bar steel mesh central layer of the leftmost side constitutes the left hand edge of described steel mesh central layer.Door/window opening mouth can be provided with vertical stiffener and horizontal stiffener.
Aforementionedly build and spray with the preferred C30 concrete of concrete, should meet the following conditions: concrete strength: 28d 〉=30MPa, initial setting time: in the 3min, stone maximum particle diameter≤2cm, concrete binding intensity 〉=10MPa, final setting time: in the 12min, sand coarse aggregate ratio: 0.45～0.55, impervious: 58, concrete antifreezing durability index DF value=45%, water/binder ratio 0.4～0.5.
The present invention also protects the clamping solid mechanical spraying sandwich concrete shear wall structure that adopts above-mentioned any job practices prepared; owing to can understand its architectural feature substantially from job practices; therefore not explanation one by one only briefly explains as preferred embodiment with regard to the prepared clamping solid mechanical spraying sandwich concrete shear wall structure of a kind of job practices below:
A kind of clamping solid mechanical spraying sandwich concrete shear wall structure, be frame formula light sandwich concrete wall, comprise prefabricated monoblock steel mesh central layer, be cemented in the layer of concrete of the mechanically spraying on the light material plate two sides of described steel mesh central layer, and the post and the beam of the cast-in-site that is consolidated densely with the edge of described steel mesh central layer, be consolidated with the steel bar stress that extends along the length direction of described post and beam in described post and the beam respectively, and also be provided with connecting reinforcement between interconnective described post and the beam, this connecting reinforcement part is cemented in the described post, and another part is cemented in the corresponding beam.Underbeam/basis is cemented in the lower limb of described steel mesh central layer, and the going up of described steel mesh central layer, a left side and right hand edge are arranged in corresponding post or beam separately.Described steel mesh central layer comprises light-weight laminboard and is positioned at the steel mesh of described light-weight laminboard both sides that described steel mesh is cemented in the described mechanically spraying layer of concrete.Described steel mesh central layer is provided with the bar dowel that is respectively applied for the some levels that are connected with beam with corresponding described post and the bar dowel of plurality of vertical, the bar dowel of described level and the bar dowel of plurality of vertical one end are fixed on the steel mesh of side at described steel mesh central layer respective edges position, the other end extends into and is cemented in corresponding post or the beam, and the end that is positioned at described post or beam is the U-shaped that turns back.
Described clamping solid mechanical spraying sandwich concrete shear wall structure of the present invention is compared with multistory reinforced concrete shear force wall, and every square metre of metope can be saved concrete 0.07m
3, save steel 13kg, save formwork for placing 2.38m
2, save artificial 1.52 days, body of wall reduces deadweight 30%, reduces by 266 yuan/m of cost
2Compare with multilayer Reinforced Concrete Block Seismic wall, every square metre of building increases usable floor area 0.025m
2, be equivalent to reduce by 35 yuan/m of cost
2The body of wall deadweight reduces by 40%, visible economic benefit highly significant.
Be the facility in the statement, the present invention's agreement: so-called concrete is to make cementitious material with cement, and sand, masonry gather materials, the engineered composite material that mixes by a certain percentage with water; So-called cement mortar is to make cementitious material with cement, and sand is done to gather materials, the engineered composite material that mixes by a certain percentage with water.All can add other compositions in concrete and the cement mortar according to prior art or other technologies.Described concrete surface layer and described mechanically spraying layer of concrete material therefor are preferably concrete.
For improving the bulk strength of body of wall, improve the connection performance between the each several part, all can adopt following various preferred technological means in the various embodiments of the present invention:
Preferably, can be provided with some through holes on described steel mesh central layer/bar shaped steel mesh central layer, when being provided with layer of concrete, the side that operates in described steel mesh central layer/bar shaped steel mesh central layer by spraying or build etc. (comprises described concrete surface layer and described mechanically spraying layer of concrete, in the time of down together), the concrete that is positioned at steel mesh central layer/bar shaped steel mesh central layer both sides will enter above-mentioned through hole and be connected as a single entity, can make described layer of concrete be cemented in the surface of described steel mesh central layer/bar shaped steel mesh central layer more securely thus, prevent that more effectively layer of concrete and steel mesh central layer/bar shaped steel mesh central layer from peeling off mutually, and improve the bulk strength of body of wall.
Preferably, at least two angles or four jiaos of places have breach on described steel mesh central layer/bar shaped steel mesh central layer, when the side that operates in described steel mesh central layer/bar shaped steel mesh central layer by spraying or build etc. is provided with layer of concrete, the concrete that is positioned at steel mesh central layer/bar shaped steel mesh central layer both sides will enter above-mentioned breach and be connected as a single entity, can make described layer of concrete be cemented in the surface of described steel mesh central layer/bar shaped steel mesh central layer more securely thus, prevent that more effectively layer of concrete and steel mesh central layer/bar shaped steel mesh central layer from peeling off mutually, and improve the bulk strength of body of wall.
Preferably, described steel mesh central layer/bar shaped steel mesh central layer is provided with some through holes, and the Liang Jiao of described steel mesh central layer/bar shaped steel mesh central layer, four jiaos and/or other edges also are provided with breach, so that realize the more connection of multi-section position between steel mesh central layer/bar shaped steel mesh central layer both sides layer of concrete, and be provided with the connection of layer of concrete simultaneously in steel mesh central layer/bar shaped steel mesh central layer edge, help realizing better stress balance, further improve the intensity of body of wall.
Further preferably, earlier fixedly mount metal or nonmetal silk screen respectively in the both sides of described steel mesh central layer/bar shaped steel mesh central layer, and then at steel mesh central layer/spraying of bar shaped steel mesh central layer both sides or concreting layer, by the setting of silk screen, can improve significantly layer of concrete on steel mesh central layer/bar shaped steel mesh central layer adhesive strength and avoid occurring the crack.
Further preferably, on steel mesh central layer/bar shaped steel mesh central layer, be provided with two jiaos of some through holes and/or steel mesh central layers/bar shaped steel mesh central layer, when four jiaos and/or other marginal portions are provided with breach, connect the silk screen that is positioned at steel mesh central layer/bar shaped steel mesh central layer both sides by reinforcing bar, the preferred four jiaos of stars of the cross sectional shape of described reinforcing bar, the sectional dimension at its two ends is greater than the sectional dimension at middle part, its connected mode with wire gauze is welding or bands together, connecting portion with wire gauze is the crossover sites through tram of silk screen, and four jiaos on its four jiaos of star cross sections are connected with the graticule of right-angled intersection respectively.Not only realized fixedly connected between steel mesh central layer/bar shaped steel mesh central layer both sides silk screen thus, prevent peeling off of steel mesh central layer/bar shaped steel mesh central layer both sides layer of concrete better, can also improve better simultaneously and connect reinforcing bar that the both sides silk screen uses with the bonding strength between the layer of concrete, improve the bonding strength between reinforcing bar and the silk screen better, improve the tolerance of connecting portion corrosion/corrosion.
Claims (10)
1. a clamping solid mechanical sprays sandwich concrete shear force wall job practices, after it is characterized in that being installed in prefabricated steel mesh central layer contraposition on the underbeam/basis of cast in situs, the clamping of clamping post and clamping beam is installed, fix with clamping post and clamping beam in the two sides of described steel mesh central layer again, mechanically spraying layer of concrete on the plate face of described steel mesh central layer, the steel mesh of described steel mesh central layer is cemented among the described layer of concrete, and then carry out the cast in situs of described clamping post and clamping beam, in building, vibrate, the concrete of building is consolidated densely with the respective edges of described layer of concrete, forms frame formula light sandwich concrete bearing body of wall.
2. clamping solid mechanical spraying sandwich concrete shear force wall job practices according to claim 1, when it is characterized in that carrying out the gunning concrete layer, make left hand edge, right hand edge and the top edge of described layer of concrete present roughened end surface in the both sides of described steel mesh central layer.
3. clamping solid mechanical spraying sandwich concrete shear force wall job practices according to claim 1, it is characterized in that when described clamping post and clamping beam are installed, the going up of described steel mesh central layer, a left side and right hand edge are wrapped in the clamping of corresponding clamping post or clamping beam, behind the gunning concrete layer of described steel mesh central layer both sides, to the edge of layer of concrete carrying out compacting.
4. clamping solid mechanical spraying sandwich concrete shear force wall job practices according to claim 3 is characterized in that may further comprise the steps:
(1) connecting reinforcement of pre-buried steel web-roll core plate and the longitudinal reinforcement of constructional column on the underbeam/basis below being positioned at described steel mesh central layer;
(2) described steel mesh central layer is installed in contraposition on described underbeam/basis;
(3) the clamping post that is connected with described steel mesh central layer of configuration and the reinforcing bar of clamping beam;
(4) the clamping post be connected with described steel mesh central layer and the clamping of clamping beam are installed;
(5) at the two sides of described steel mesh central layer mechanically spraying layer of concrete;
(6) described clamping post of cast in situs and clamping beam.
5. clamping solid mechanical spraying sandwich concrete shear force wall job practices according to claim 4, it is characterized in that described clamping beam comprises collar tie beam and coupling beam, described clamping post comprises constructional column, in the big body of wall of the standard width of a room in an old-style house or depth, be provided with one or more described constructional columns, described steel mesh central layer is provided with and is respectively applied for some horizontal connecting reinforcement and the plurality of vertical connecting reinforcement that is connected with the clamping beam with corresponding described clamping post, described horizontal connecting reinforcement stretches in the described clamping post, and described vertical connecting reinforcement stretches in the described clamping beam.
6. clamping solid mechanical according to claim 5 spraying sandwich concrete shear force wall job practices, it is characterized in that described horizontal connecting reinforcement and vertically the concrete structure of connecting reinforcement and set-up mode be following any one:
(1) both sides of four edges are provided with the bar dowel of some levels and the bar dowel of plurality of vertical separately about about described steel mesh central layer, described bar dowel constitutes corresponding horizontal connecting reinforcement and vertical connecting reinforcement, the one end is positioned at the side at described steel mesh central layer respective edges position, the other end extends in corresponding clamping post or the clamping beam, the described vertical bar dowel that is positioned at described steel mesh central layer lower limb was embedded on corresponding underbeam/basis before described steel mesh central layer is installed, the bar dowel that is positioned at the described vertical bar dowel of described steel mesh central layer top edge and described level is provided with after the steel mesh central layer is installed, and the each several part with described bar dowel in the process of the layer of concrete of mechanically spraying steel mesh central layer two sides and cast-in-place clamping post/clamping beam is cemented in corresponding layer of concrete and the clamping post/clamping beam;
(2) the long reinforcing bar of some levels and vertical long reinforcing bar are set respectively in the both sides of described steel mesh central layer, described long reinforcing bar constitutes corresponding horizontal connecting reinforcement and vertical connecting reinforcement, its two ends extend out from two opposite edges positions of described steel mesh central layer respectively, enter in corresponding clamping post or the clamping beam, described vertical long reinforcing bar was embedded on corresponding underbeam/basis before described steel mesh central layer is installed, the long reinforcing bar of described level is provided with after the steel mesh central layer is installed, and each position with described long reinforcing bar in the process of the layer of concrete of mechanically spraying steel mesh central layer two sides and cast-in-place corresponding clamping post/clamping beam is cemented in respectively in corresponding layer of concrete and the clamping post/clamping beam.
7. clamping solid mechanical spraying sandwich concrete shear force wall job practices according to claim 6, it is characterized in that described steel mesh central layer comprises light-weight laminboard and the steel mesh that is positioned at described light-weight laminboard both sides, described mechanically spraying layer of concrete is cemented in described steel mesh wherein, and the end that described horizontal connecting reinforcement and described vertical connecting reinforcement are positioned at described clamping post or described clamping beam is the U-shaped that turns back.
8. according to the described clamping solid mechanical spraying of arbitrary claim among claim 1-7 sandwich concrete shear force wall job practices, it is characterized in that steel mesh central layer between adjacent two constructional columns is made of a monoblock steel mesh central layer sheet material or is formed by a plurality of bar shaped steel mesh central layer spellings, spelling is integrally welded by horizontal steel wire typing between described a plurality of bar shaped steel mesh central layers of a steel mesh central layer, described horizontal steel wire and bar shaped steel mesh central layer side are covered the preferred foamed poly styrene plastic of the light material of described light-weight laminboard by described layer of concrete.
9. clamping solid mechanical spraying sandwich concrete shear force wall job practices according to claim 8, it is characterized in that described bar shaped steel mesh central layer all is a vertical bar steel mesh central layer, be divided into long vertical bar steel mesh central layer and short vertical bar steel mesh central layer, described long vertical bar steel mesh central layer is connected corresponding going up between the underbeam, lower limb constitutes the part of the last lower limb of described steel mesh central layer respectively on it, the lower limb of described short vertical bar steel mesh central layer constitutes the part of the lower limb of described steel mesh central layer, top edge links to each other with the window lower frame, the seam of described long vertical bar steel mesh central layer and short vertical bar steel mesh central layer is connected by horizontal welding wire typing, the right hand edge that is positioned at the vertical bar steel mesh central layer of the rightmost side constitutes the right hand edge of described steel mesh central layer, the left hand edge that is positioned at the vertical bar steel mesh central layer of the leftmost side constitutes the left hand edge of described steel mesh central layer, and door/window opening mouth is provided with vertical stiffener and horizontal stiffener.
10. one kind is adopted the clamping solid mechanical of arbitrary job practices preparation among the claim 1-9 to spray the sandwich concrete shear wall structure.
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Application publication date: 20111019 |