LV15024B - Silencer for firearm - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed shot sound silencer or suppressor is designed such that it can be installed on a firearm and such that propellant gases can pass through the silencer or suppressor and a bullet can pass through the exit aperture thereof, wherein the proposed shot sound silencer or suppressor is partially or completely made from a porous material with a pore size of from 5 μm to 1.5 mm. The porous material can be based on metal powders or on hollow or solid metal particles or on a combination of the aforementioned porous materials. In order to control the direction and intensity of the discharge of propellant gases, the walls of the shot sound silencer or suppressor can be configured with a differential porosity.

Description

Description of the Invention

The present invention relates to devices which reduce the noise of a firearm, namely, firefighters.

Analysis of prior art

The main sources of sound when firing from a firearm are mainly the noise of the action of the weapon itself (cock impact on the bullet, sound of the bullet on the capsule, noise of the moving parts of the automatics when reloading the gun, shutter kick against the muzzle). Even before the bullet leaves the barrel, the sound is produced by the air pushed out of the barrel by the ball passing through the barrel and by the powder gas, which expands rapidly in the space between the ball and the barrel, overtaking it at supersonic speeds. For revolvers, additional noise is caused by powder gases, which expand rapidly between the barrel chamber and the barrel.

Shot noise is explained by the high pressure and temperature of the powder gas at the barrel, many times the ambient air pressure and temperature: the powder gas pressure at the barrel of the firearm is about 200 kg / cm ² 1000 ° C. The rapid expansion of the powder gases after leaving the barrel and the emergence of the shock wave is also accompanied by such a noisy and loud noise. The volume (intensity) of sound is determined in logarithmic units, in decibels (dB). The sound power level of the powder gases reaches 100 to 125 dB, but for gases leaving the barrel behind the bullet it leaps from 115 to 135 dB.

At a supersonic velocity of more than 320 m / s at sea level, a bullet produces a ballistic wave in the air, which is also a high-level source of sound. Bullet first velocity for pistol cartridges generally does not exceed the sonic velocity.

The most common device for reducing the sound level is an expansion-type muffler. The powder gases of this device expand and gradually lose their speed and temperature. Most of them operate by reducing the pressure of the powder gas stream, with the volume and temperature decreasing before leaving the atmosphere.

There is a known silent rifle that is screwed to the tip of an AKM or AK-74 barrel. The device contains a thick rubber gasket located a certain distance away from the end of the barrel. Gases that expand rapidly between the ball and the barrel wall obstruct the membranes and pass through appropriate channels to the first expansion chamber, from where they are discharged into the environment. The ball passes through the washer and is followed by a major portion of the powder gas, which passes through several successive expansion chambers into the atmosphere with substantially reduced pressure and temperature.

A firearm suppressor (RU2104457) is known to have an internal casing in the form of a stepped cylinder on which a barrel in the form of a hollow barrel is screwed. There is a divider in the aperture which has a brake / compensator mounted on the protruding part of the aperture in the form of a guide with a side opening. Part of the powder gas exits the barrel duct and enters the chamber where it expands and passes through the perforated septum to another chamber. The other part of the powder gas passes through the divider and the brake / compensator.

The disadvantages of known devices include the relatively short life of the elements, the limited number of types of cartridges that can be used, and the absence of damping effects when firing cartridges with supersonic flying velocities.

Summary of the Invention

The main object of the invention is the wave of the barrel throat produced by the powder gases following the bullet. The offered muffler, or shot noise reduction, is made so that it can be mounted on a firearm and passes through the gas of the powder, as well as through its outlet, a bullet, and the offered shot noise reduction is made partially or wholly of porous material with pore sizes from 18 pm to

1.5 mm, preferably from 100 pm to 1 mm. The porous material may be in the form of metal powders (spherical, drip, sponge, dendritic, dish-like, chipping, fibrous and / or leafy) or hollow metal particles up to 3.00 mm in outer layer and up to 5 mm in inner layer, or a combination of these porous materials (for example, various metal powders or metal powders and metal hollow particles). The damping elements made of porous material are sound damping.

Detailed description of the drawings accompanying the description:

- Fig. 1 a schematic longitudinal section and cross-sectional view of the gun portion of the K-XP-31 pistol and compensator, where 1 is a porous metal plate, 2 is a bounce compensator body, 3 is a gun barrel;

- Fig. 2 a variant of a single chamber silencer having a truncated cone shape is shown: 4 is a working porous metal silencer, 5 is a locking nut, 6 is a wall of a silencer fitted to the barrel of a weapon, 3 is a barrel of a weapon;

- Fig. 3 another embodiment of the suppressor is shown with a device that restricts the rapid discharge of powder gas through the opening of the suppressor bullets having a primary expansion chamber of gas: 4 is a porous metal damper working part, 5 is a locking nut, 6 is a barrel of the weapon barrel, equipped with locking device, 3 is the barrel of the weapon;

- Fig. 4 an embodiment of the silencer is shown, the rear part of which is partly made of porous material: 4 is the working part of the silencer, 5 and 5 'is a locking nut, 6 is a wall of a silencer which is partly made of porous material, 7 has lock, 3 is gun barrel;

- Fig. 5 an embodiment of a silencer made of a porous material of the inner chamber, housed in an outer casing, also made of porous material is shown: 4 is a working part of a porous metal silencer, 5 is a locking nut, 6 is a wall of a silencer is made of porous material, 3 is the barrel of the weapon;

- Fig. 6 a two-chamber version of the silencer is shown with an acentric gun barrel positioning having gas outlets: 4 is a porous metal damper working portion, 5 is a locking nut, 6 is a barrel-mounted silencer wall made of non-porous material, 3 is a gun.

Embodiments of the invention

The offered muffler or shot noise reduction may be made:

- in the form of a plate or plates adapted to cover the openings through which the powder gas is discharged from the weapon (see Fig. 1);

- in the form of a truncated cone or cylinder, or spheroid, or as a combination of the above (see Figure 2);

- a body of said porous material provided with internal chambers (see Fig. 3, a version of a silencer with a device that restricts the rapid discharge of powder gases through the aperture of the silencer bullets, wherein said inner chamber walls, such as a front reflector and / or partitions, may be of different porosity or of non-porous material);

- in the form of an inner casing which is enclosed in an outer casing which is also made of said porous material.

For kickback compensation, the damper or shot noise reducer may be provided with casing-shaped channels, with or without casing, or different porosity between casing and casing.

For controlling the direction and intensity of the powder gas discharge, the walls of the muffler or of the sound absorber may be made of different porosity.

The offered sound absorber can also act as a flame retardant.

Claims (10)

1. A silencer or shot / noise reducer made with the possibility of being mounted on a firearm to pass through a powder gas and through an orifice, the bullet being different in that said silencer or shot noise reducer is made of porous material with a pore size of 18 pm to 1.5 mm, preferably from 100 pm to 1 mm. A silencer or projectile noise reducer according to claim 1, characterized in that the porous material is based on spherical, drip, sponge, dendritic, plate-like, pelletized, flaky and / or leafy metal powders or hollow metal particles, or combinations of said porous materials. A silencer or shot noise reducer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that its walls are made of different porosity. A silencer or projectile noise reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is made in the form of a truncated cone or cylinder, or spheroid, or parallelepiped, or as a combination of said figures. A silencer or projectile noise reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is made in the form of a plate or plates adapted to cover the openings through which the powder gas is discharged from the weapon. A silencer or shot noise reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is made of said porous material in the form of a housing fitted with internal chambers. A silencer or projectile noise reducer according to claim 6, characterized in that the inner chamber walls and / or partitions are made of different porosity or non-porous material. A silencer or shot noise reducer according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is made of said porous material in the form of an inner housing inserted into the outer housing of said porous material. A silencer or projectile noise reduction device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is provided with channels formed in the housing, with or without different porosity of the housing or the inner and outer housing. A flame retardant made according to any one of the preceding claims.