RU2541583C2 - Gun suppressor, mainly for hand small arms - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: gun suppressor consists of an outer casing fixed to the gun barrel, and the inner part located inside the outer casing. In the inner part of the suppressor a channel is made, directly adjacent to the bore of the firearms and corresponding to the gauge of the bore. At the end part of the inner part from the side of the barrel the channels are made for gas discharge, from which the gases are discharged into the channels located on the outer surface of the inner part, where the gas motion trajectories multiply intersect while the bullet continues its movement along the bore of the inner part of the suppressor. The planes remaining after cutting channels on the outer surface of the inner part are tightly in contact with the inner surface of the outer housing and provide the gas discharge only along the intersecting trajectories of the output channels. The total area of the gas discharge channels, including the end, is not less than the area of the bore of the firearms.

EFFECT: improved reliability of operation of the suppressor and its durability.

1 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the field of arms and military industry, primarily to the production of small arms.

As the closest analogue of the invention, a weapon silencer known from SU 19493 published on 02.28.1931 may be selected. The silencer known from SU 19493 consists of an outer casing fixed to the barrel of the weapon, an internal piston part located inside the outer casing, and a valve located at the outlet of the muffler. The disadvantage of this design of the silencer is the complexity of its design, the consequence of which is the technological complexity of manufacturing a silencer and lack of reliability with repeated use. In turn, the proposed technical solution will eliminate the above disadvantages and allow us to offer a silencer design suitable for repeated use while maintaining performance.

The specified technical result is achieved by using the proposed weapon silencer, the primary area of use of which will be the damping of the sound of a shot of a small arms. The proposed silencer consists of an outer casing attached to the barrel of a firearm, and an inner part located inside the outer casing. In the inner part at the end from the side of the gun barrel from the barrel channel of the inner part of the muffler to the outer surface of the inner part of the muffler, there are openings for the exit of gases. Gases from the end openings exit into the exhaust gas channels cut out on the external surface of the internal part of the muffler and the channels intersecting each other, while the bullet continues its movement along the bore of the internal part of the muffler. The outer planes of the inner part remaining after cutting the channels fit snugly against the inner surface of the outer casing. The outer casing and the inner part are interconnected by a threaded connection, the thread being made on the inner surface of the outer casing and on the said planes of the inner part.

The proposed technical solution is illustrated by the scheme, the position numbers on which indicate:

01 - view of the inner part of the muffler from the side of the bullet exit from the body;

02 - one of the four openings for the exit of gases from the silencer body (the same openings 30, 32, 33);

03 - extension of the internal part of the muffler from the side of the bullet’s exit from the muffler, providing longer locking by the bullet of the barrel channel of the internal part of the muffler and prolonging the time for gas to exit through intersecting channels of the external part of the internal muffler;

04 - thread attaching the inner part of the muffler to the silencer body (made on both parts approximately 3/4 of the length of the inner part, provides adhesion of the inner part of the muffler to the silencer body), left-handed thread to prevent unwinding of the silencer structure from the effects of the bullet;

05 - gap in the drawing;

06 - bottom of the output intersecting channels;

07 - silencer housing;

08 - places of intersection (one of many) of the channels of gas movement on the external part of the muffler and, accordingly, the place of collision of the flow of exhaust gases;

09 - traces of the thread of the barrel on the pool;

10 is a side view of an internal part of a silencer;

11 is the length of each of the four end outlet openings of the internal part of the silencer barrel along the axis of the barrel channel, leaving the channel of the silencer barrel. Not more than the length of the traces of the barrel thread on the pool (the area of close contact of the bullet with the barrel is shown in diagram 09);

12 - a barrel of a firearm with external thread for attaching a silencer body;

13 - end outlet hole of the internal part of the muffler barrel emerging from the channel of the muffler barrel (similar channels are formed for the outlet openings 18, 22 and 25);

14 - section of the bore of the muffler’s inner part to stabilize the movement of the bullet along the axis of the barrel in the muffler’s bore (similar to positions 16, 19, 21), left after the end holes were cut out;

15 - caliber of the barrel of a firearm;

16 - a section of the bore of the muffler’s inner part to stabilize the movement of the bullet along the axis of the barrel in the muffler’s bore (similar to positions 14, 19, 21), left after the end holes were cut out;

17 is a view of the inner part of the muffler from the side of the bullet entrance;

18 - end outlet opening of the internal part of the silencer barrel, leaving the channel of the silencer barrel (similar channels are formed for the outlet openings 13, 22 and 25);

19 is a section of the barrel channel of the internal part of the muffler to stabilize the movement of the bullet along the axis of the barrel in the channel of the muffler barrel (similar to positions 14, 16, 21), left after the cut-out of the end holes;

20 - the barrel of the silencer at the inlet of the bullet into the inner part;

21 - section of the bore of the muffler’s inner part to stabilize the movement of the bullet along the axis of the barrel in the muffler’s bore (similar to positions 14, 16, 19), left after the end holes were cut out;

22 - end outlet hole of the internal part of the muffler barrel emerging from the channel of the muffler barrel (similar channels are formed for the outlet openings 13, 18 and 25);

23 - threaded fastening of the silencer body to the weapon barrel (left-handed);

24 - the width of the outlet for gases from the barrel of the inner part of the muffler;

25 - end outlet hole of the internal part of the muffler barrel emerging from the channel of the muffler barrel (similar channels are formed for the outlet openings 13, 18 and 22);

26 - channel for the exit of gases on the outer surface of the inner part (similar channels for two of each end outlet);

27 - bullet;

28 - the depth of the channel for the exit of gases in the direction of the outlet openings of the muffler, the size of which is not less than the length of the end outlet from the bore of the barrel of the internal part of the muffler (11);

29 - caliber of the bore of the barrel of the internal part of the muffler, equal to the caliber of the bore of the barrel (15) of a firearm;

30 - one of four openings for the exit of gases from the muffler (also 02, 32, 33);

31 - hole for the exit of the bullet from the muffler;

32 - one of four openings for the exit of gases from the muffler (also 02, 30, 33);

33 - one of the four openings for the exit of gases from the muffler (also 02, 30, 32).

The weapon silencer consists of an outer casing (07) attached to the barrel of a firearm (12), and an inner part (01) fixed inside the outer casing (07). In the inner part (01), end outlet openings (channels) (13, 18, 22, 25) are made, located at the point of its adjoining to the gun barrel. After cutting the end outlet openings (13, 18, 22, 25) in the internal part of the muffler (01), the remaining elements (14, 16, 19, 21) adjacent to the barrel of the weapon (width at the point of contact with the bullet 0.5 ÷ 1 , 00 mm along the axis of movement of the bullet), guaranteed to protect the bullet (27) from sticking it into the end cut of the internal part of the muffler (01), after the bullet passes through the zone of the output end openings (13, 18, 22, 25). Gases from the end outlet openings enter the channels cut out on the outer surface of the inner part (26). The optimal location of the channels at an angle of 45 ° to the end cut of the internal part of the muffler (01) from the side of its attachment to the barrel of a firearm. Thus, the channels on the outer surface of the inner part of the muffler are located approximately at right angles to each other. It should be noted that when the angles of the channels on the outer surface of the inner part are less than 45 ° to the end cut of the inner part of the muffler (01), there is more complete silencing of the sound, but the risk of incomplete exit of gases from the barrel of the inner part of the muffler before the bullet leaves it increases. The opposite situation occurs at angles greater than 45 °. On the outer surface of the inner part (01) are the planes of the outer part of the inner part, remaining after cutting the output channels, in close contact with the inner surface of the outer case.

Sizes of end output channels:

the length along the axis of movement of the bullet is no longer than the traces of the rifling of the barrel of a firearm on the pool (close contact of the bullet with the barrel - in diagram 09);

the width is the largest possible so that fragments (14, 16, 19, 21) remain in the inner diameter of the bore of the barrel of the inner part, which are in contact with the bullet to keep the bullet from moving along the axis. Depends on the caliber of the bullet.

The dimensions of the channels on the outer surface of the inner part:

depth (28) - not less than the length of the marks from the cutting on the pool (the area of close contact of the bullet with the barrel of a firearm is shown in diagram 09);

width (24) - not less than, in combination with the depth of the outlet openings (28), the total area for the exit of gases on the outer surface of the inner part is equal to or greater than the area of the barrel of the firearm;

the width of the channels should be limited so that when looking at the inner part from the side of its end part in the area of the channels on its outer surface does not form a direct line of sight through the outlet channels for gases.

The outer casing (07) and the inner part (01) are interconnected by a threaded connection (04), the thread being made on the inner surface of the outer casing and on the said fragments of the outer diameter of the inner part remaining after cutting the output channels. The use of left-handed threads is recommended, which prevents the muffler from spinning from the movement of the bullet during right-handed barrel cutting. In the space between the channels of the outer casing, externally limited by the inner surface of the external part, the paths of the gases in the said channels intersect (08), the optimal provision of guaranteed sound suppression of about twenty such intersections for each channel.

The muffler works as follows.

A bullet (27) exiting the bore of the small arms barrel immediately enters the bore of the internal part of the silencer, which is closely adjacent to the barrel of the firearm and fully coincides with the diameter of the barrel of the firearm, including the cutting of the barrel of the firearm, and completely coaxial with it. The barrel of the internal part of the silencer is thus a continuation of the barrel of a firearm.

Rectangular openings (13, 18, 22, 25) were made at the entrance to the bore of the inner part, with their total area equal to or, better, exceeding, the bore of the firearm. In this case, the figure shows 4 holes, but there may be a different number, but the optimal number is 3 or 4 holes equally spaced from each other.

At the same time, in order to prevent the escape of gases through the barrel of the internal part of the muffler, along which the bullet continues to move, the length of these end holes along the axis of the barrel channel (11) should be as long as possible, but should not exceed the length of the bullet’s tight contact with the barrel channel (length along the axis of movement of that part of the bullet, on which after leaving the bore of the barrel of a firearm, traces of rifling are visible (09)).

Thus, suppressing the exit of gases through the channel of the internal part along which the bullet is moving is ensured by the fact that by the time the bullet finally leaves the barrel of the firearm and, thereby, opening the barrel of the firearm to exit the powder gases, the inlet channel of the barrel silencer parts are already covered by the front of the bullet, on which there are traces of cutting and gases are forced to exit exclusively through the channels of the end and then the outer part of the inner part of the silencer.

Fragments (14, 16, 19, 21) of the inner surface of the bore of the barrel of the internal muffler 0.5 ÷ 1.00 mm wide along the axis of movement of the bullet remaining after cutting the end outlet openings in the internal muffler from the side of the inlet into the barrel of the internal part the muffler, along which the bullet continues to move, is guaranteed to protect the internal part of the muffler of the bullet that enters the barrel from being poked into the end cut of the internal part of the muffler after leaving the zone of the end outlet openings by the bullet.

Immediately after the bullet barrel’s trunk channel is released by the bullet (its back), the gases begin to leave the barrel in the directions strictly regulated by the silencer design along the channels cut out at the end of the silencer’s internal part (13, 18, 22, 25), and then through multiple intersections silencer outlet channels. At the same time, from each end outlet in the bore of the inner part of the muffler, the powder gases exit through two channels on the outer part of the internal part, diverging from each other at an angle of 90 °, which ensure the collision of gases, their loss of speed, temperature and decrease in sound volume at the gas outlet into the external environment (outside the muffler) through these channels.

Thus, the gases emanating from the barrel of the firearm, from the moment the bullet barrel is released by the rear of the bullet and until the bullet (its rear) leaves the barrel of the silencer’s internal part, flow exclusively through the external channels of the silencer’s internal part, walking along paths of least resistance.

The length of the internal part of the silencer should provide about 20 collisions of each gas stream (08), which is optimal.

For the purpose of regulating the optimal length of the silencer when firing supersonic cartridges to compensate for the speed of the cartridge to be comparable to subsonic due to friction when moving by inertia on the inner walls of the bore of the barrel of the silencer’s internal part in the absence of the necessary pressure of the gases that have gone into the channels of the internal part, as well as for a longer locking by a bullet of the bore of the barrel of the internal part of the muffler to increase the exit time of the powder gases through the external channels of the internal part of the muffler and, accordingly, volume, the inner part of the bore length of the muffler can be increased by the bullet exit (03). It is calculated individually for each type of cartridge.

The maximum diameter of the internal part of the muffler is the sum of the diameter of the bore of the barrel of the internal part of the muffler, plus optimally 3 ÷ 4 mm per wall of the channel of the barrel of the internal part of the muffler to the bottom of the outlet channels on the outer surface of the inner part of the muffler, plus 2 depths of the outlet channels on the outer surface of the inner part.

Claims (1)

Weapon silencer, consisting of an outer case attached to the barrel of the weapon, and an inner part located inside the outer case, characterized in that a channel is made in the inner part of the silencer that is directly adjacent to the barrel of the firearm and corresponds to the caliber of the barrel channel in the end part of the inner parts from the side of the barrel are channels for the exit of gases, from which the gases go into channels located on the outer surface of the inner part, where the gas paths are many o intersect, while the bullet continues its movement along the bore of the internal part of the muffler, the remaining planes on the outer surface of the inner part, after cutting the channel channels, are in close contact with the inner surface of the outer case and provide gas outlet only along the intersecting paths of the output channels, while the total area channels for the exit of gases, including end, is not less than the area of the barrel of the weapon.