LV10501B - Process for producing of products consisted ethanol - Google Patents

Process for producing of products consisted ethanol Download PDF

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Publication number
LV10501B
LV10501B LVP-93-808A LV930808A LV10501B LV 10501 B LV10501 B LV 10501B LV 930808 A LV930808 A LV 930808A LV 10501 B LV10501 B LV 10501B
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LV
Latvia
Prior art keywords
sugar
ethanol
anion exchange
carrier
containing water
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LVP-93-808A
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English (en)
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LV10501A (lv
Inventor
Lommi Heikki
Ahvenainen Juha
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Cultor Oy
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Publication of LV10501A publication Critical patent/LV10501A/lv
Publication of LV10501B publication Critical patent/LV10501B/lv

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12G—WINE; PREPARATION THEREOF; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES C12C OR C12H
    • C12G3/00—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages
    • C12G3/02—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by fermentation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12C—BEER; PREPARATION OF BEER BY FERMENTATION; PREPARATION OF MALT FOR MAKING BEER; PREPARATION OF HOPS FOR MAKING BEER
    • C12C11/00—Fermentation processes for beer
    • C12C11/07—Continuous fermentation
    • C12C11/075—Bioreactors for continuous fermentation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12C—BEER; PREPARATION OF BEER BY FERMENTATION; PREPARATION OF MALT FOR MAKING BEER; PREPARATION OF HOPS FOR MAKING BEER
    • C12C11/00—Fermentation processes for beer
    • C12C11/02—Pitching yeast
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12C—BEER; PREPARATION OF BEER BY FERMENTATION; PREPARATION OF MALT FOR MAKING BEER; PREPARATION OF HOPS FOR MAKING BEER
    • C12C11/00—Fermentation processes for beer
    • C12C11/09—Fermentation with immobilised yeast
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12C—BEER; PREPARATION OF BEER BY FERMENTATION; PREPARATION OF MALT FOR MAKING BEER; PREPARATION OF HOPS FOR MAKING BEER
    • C12C12/00—Processes specially adapted for making special kinds of beer
    • C12C12/04—Beer with low alcohol content
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12G—WINE; PREPARATION THEREOF; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES C12C OR C12H
    • C12G3/00—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages
    • C12G3/02—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by fermentation
    • C12G3/021—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by fermentation of botanical family Poaceae, e.g. wheat, millet, sorghum, barley, rye, or corn
    • C12G3/022—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by fermentation of botanical family Poaceae, e.g. wheat, millet, sorghum, barley, rye, or corn of botanical genus Oryza, e.g. rice
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12G—WINE; PREPARATION THEREOF; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES C12C OR C12H
    • C12G3/00—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages
    • C12G3/02—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by fermentation
    • C12G3/024—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by fermentation of fruits other than botanical genus Vitis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12G—WINE; PREPARATION THEREOF; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES C12C OR C12H
    • C12G3/00—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages
    • C12G3/02—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by fermentation
    • C12G3/025—Low-alcohol beverages
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
    • C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
    • C12P7/04—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group acyclic
    • C12P7/06—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12C—BEER; PREPARATION OF BEER BY FERMENTATION; PREPARATION OF MALT FOR MAKING BEER; PREPARATION OF HOPS FOR MAKING BEER
    • C12C11/00—Fermentation processes for beer
    • C12C11/07—Continuous fermentation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Immobilizing And Processing Of Enzymes And Microorganisms (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
  • Cephalosporin Compounds (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Unknown Constitution (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Alcoholic Beverages (AREA)
  • Distillation Of Fermentation Liquor, Processing Of Alcohols, Vinegar And Beer (AREA)
  • Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Description

LV 10501 5 10
CilOCOB ΠΟΠΥΗΕΗΜΑ 3ΤΑΗ0ΠΕ>Η0Γ0 ΠΡΟΑΥΚΤΑ
OnncaHue
HacTOJiinee Μ3ο6ρθτθημθ KacaeTca npon3BOflCTBa anKoronb-15 coflepxamnx Η3πμτκοβ c ncnonb30BaHneM μμμο6μπμ3οβ3ηημχ Αροχχβίί, a τοηηθθ - κ cnoco6y ποπυηθημα STaHonbHoro npoAyicra, npeAycMaTpwBaK)LiļeMy nponycKaHtie βοαηογο caxapcoAepxamero cy6cTpaia Hepe3, no MeHbiueii Mepe, oamh peaicrop, coAepxamniĪ nMMo6nnn3o6aHHbie Ha Hocmene APOxxeBbie κπθτκμ, μ Φθρμθητ3αμο 20 yKa3aHHoro cy6cTpaTa c ποπυηθημθμ siaHonbHoro npoAyKTa. Χοροιιιό M3BecTHbie ηθαοοτ3τκμ TpaAnunoHHbix nepnoAMHecKnx·. ΤΘΧΗΟΠΟΓΜΜ CnMpTOBOrO ΟρΟΧβΗΜΠ CpaBHMTSnbHO ΗΘΑΒΒΗΟ ΠρΜΒΘΠΜ K C03AaHMK) τθχηοπογμμ, Mcnonb3yK)U4eCi apo»okh, MMMo6nnn30BaHHbie Ha ΠΟΑΧΟΑ^ΙΑΘΜ HOCHTene, 3arpyxeHHOM b κοποηηυ peaicropa. BbicoKan 25 KOHLteHTpaunn AP0xxeBbix κπθτοκ, nonynaeMafl πρκ θτομ τθχηοποπιμ, a Taxxe 3HaHmenbHoe υβθπμηθημθ nnomaAH KOHTaKTa cycna c
APOXXeBblMH ΚΠΘΤΚ3ΜΜ ΠρΜΒβΠΟ Κ ΟγίΑΘΟΤΒβΗΗΟΜγ yCKOpeHHfO npouecca $epMeHTaunn. B peaiaope κοποηηογο Tuna yMeHbmeHa TaKxe CTeneHb MHrM&MpOBaHMfi 3TaHonoM, nocKonbKy 3TaH0n, coAepxau4nii 30 προΑγκτ, HenpepbiBHO otboamtca M3 cnoa Apoxxeii. CTeneHb TaKoro yMeHbiueHna AOCTuraeT MaKCMManbHoro 3Η3ηθημπ πρκ peann3aiiMM MAeanbHoii cMTyaunn 3a«ynopeHHoro ποτοκβ. M3BecTH0, hto anbrMHaT KanbīļMB cnocoOeH 3axBaTbiBaTb Apoxxeebie κπθτκμ m nonyneHHbie b pe3ynbTaTe 3τογο 35 MMM06Mmi30BaHHbie Apoxxn Moryr Mcnonb30BaTbcn αππ SbicTpoii φθρΜΘΗτβιίΜΜ. B MHoroHMCJieHHbix nnTepaTypHbix ccbinKax TaKan 2
MeTOflUKa onncaHa npuMeHMTenbHO κ načopaiopHbiM ycnoBHHM. OflHaKO, npeflnpuHUManncb TaioKe HeKOTopbie nonbīTKU β,ηη κομμθρηθοκογο ncnonb30BaHHFi TaKoro μθτοαα. OflHa H3 nyHLunx τβκμχ nonbīTOK, no-BMAHMOMy, 6bina npeflnpMHflTa Knoea XaKxo b FlnoHnn no nony4eHmo nmuesoro aTaHOna c ncnonb30BaHueM anbrnHaT- -MMM06nnM30BaHHblX ΑΡΟΧΟΚΘΜ.
flna onepaLļMM npoMbiiuneHHoro MactuTaSa, ochobhoīī TpyAHOCTbio anbrnHaTHoii nMMo6win3aL4Mn αβπαθτοβ cnocoč o6pa30BaHna nacTMiļ. 3tot npouecc αογοκθη npoTeKaTb Ha προμ3βοαοτβθηηομ y4acTKe, γαθ HMeej μθοτο nepeMemuBaHue αροχοκθβοη cycneH3nn n pacTBOpa anbrnHaTa Haipna. KorAa TaKyio CMecb noAatoT b pacTBop conu KanbUMfl, anbrnHaT ocajKAaeTca n b to xe βρθμη oKKniOAnpy0T
ApOXOK6Bbl© ΚΠΘΤΚΜ BHyTpH OCa>KAēHHblX HaOTULļ. TaKMe MaCTMUbl oSbiHHO μμθιοτ φopMy Kanenb mv\ mapuKOB. flpoMbiujneHHaji ycTaHOBKa, b κοτοροίί ncnonb3yiOTCfl 3axBa4eHHbie anbrnHaTOM αροχοκμ, AonxHa μμθτβ cnei4nanbHoe CKOHCTpynpoBaHHoe o6opyAOBaHne, npeAHa3Ha4eHHoe aaa nony4eHMH Τ3ΚΜΧ UJapMKOB. ΚρΟΜΘ 3Τ0Γ0, ΜΜΘΘΤΟΒ nOTeHlļManbHafl OnaCHOCTb 3arpfl3HeHMfl ΑΡΟΧΟΚθίί AMKMMM ΜΜΚρθθρΓ3ΗΜ3Μ3ΜΜ. 3τθ ΟΟΟββΗΗΟ BaXHO ΑΠΛ np0M3B0ACTBa HanīdTKOB CO CnMpTOBbIM 3anaxOM (HanpMMep, nnea, Bi/iHa, cnApa m APyrnx npoAyicroB TaKoro τι/ina). B cny4ae npOM3BOACTBa ΤΘΧΗΜ4Θ0Κ0Γ0 ΜΠΜ ΤΟΠΠΜΒΗΟΓΟ 3TaH0na ΚρΜΤθρΜΜ 3arp33HeHM3 ηθ nrpaeT τβκοίί βθχηομ pomi, xax b cny4ae nony4eHHB noTpe6nTenbCKoro aTaHona, οαη3κο oh μο>κθτ 0Ka3biBaTb βπμαημθ Ha npOM3BOAMTenbHOCTb. Βτοροίί OCHOBHOM TpyAHOCTblO( KacaKDUļeiiCfl ηρΜΜΘΗΘΗΜΒ anbrnHaTHbix mapuKOB b npoMbiiuneHHOM MaciuTaSe, ββπαθτοβ φΜ3Μ4ΘΟΚ3Η np04H0CTb Τ3ΚΜΧ UJaptlKOB. TaKMe liJapMKM flBJlfllOTCfl ΜΒΓΚΜΜΜ Μ ΜΟΓγΤ ΠΘΓΚΟ «KMMaTbCfl. 3KCnnyaTaAMfl KpynHblX φθρΜΘΗΤβΑΜΟΗΗΒΙΧ ΚΟΠΟΗΗ ΜΟΧΘΤ CTaTb ΠροβΠΘΜΟίί M ČbICTpbIMH o6paTHbiMM npOLieccMOHHbiMM ποτοκβΜΜ TpyAHo ynpaBnjm>. C Apyroii CTOpOHbl, ecnil φθρΜΘΗΤ3μΜΟ OCyilļeCTBnHIOT 06bl4HblM cnoco6oM c ΑΒΜΧΘΗΜΘΜ nOTOKa ΒΒΘρΧ, TO liiapMKM CMflbHO Μ3Η31ΙΙΜΒ3Κ)Τ0Β. AHanorM4HbiM o6pa30M, pa6oTa peaicropa c ποτοκομ, οτθκ3ιοιι1μμ bhm3 3 LV 10501 nofl α3βπθημθμ ηθβο3μοχη8 b cnynae ncnonb3yeMoro cxnMaeMoro MaTepnana.
TpeTba TpyflHocTb, CBn3aHHan c 3axBaTbiBaHneM, coctomt b AM$$y3MOHHblX OrpaHMMeHMilX, KOTOpbie CHMXaK3T AOCTynHOCTb 5 cy6cTpara κ κοηϊ3κτμροβ3ημκ5 c αροχχομμ BHyTpn mapmca.
HaKOHeu, ecnn cncieMa 3arpn3HneTcn nni/t HapywaeTCii KaK-nn6o MHane, HenpepbiBHbiii npoiļecc cneAyeT ocTaHOBMTb n uenyio napTnra MaTepnana c KonoHHbi (anbrnHaT οοβμθοτηο c APOxxaMn ) πρηχοΑκτοη BbiOpacbiBaTb. Ποβτορηοθ Mcnonb30BaHne b stom cnynae ηθβο3μοχηο. ίο B CB513M c stum, uenb HacTO^mero n3o6peTeHnn 3aKnioMaeTCfi b pa3pa6oTKe cnoco6a HenpepbiBHOti Φθρμθητ3αμμ b κοποηηθ, KOTopbin ηθ TpeOoBan 6bi $opMMpOBaHM« κοποηηογο MaTepnana Ha μθοτθ. flpyron uenbīo ηΒπηβτοη pa3pa6oTKa cnocoSa ycTpaHeHnn hctohhukob 3arpn3HeHnn. Eute OAHa uenb coctout b C03Aamin cnocoāa, cnocoāHoro 15 BbiAepxnBaTb AaBneHne. flpyran uenb Μ3θ6ρβτβΗΜη - co3AaHne cno-co6a, b κοτοροΜ MaTepnan - HoenTenb μοχηο pereHepnpoBaTb n nc-nonb3oaaTb noBTopHo.iflpyrne uenn n3o6peieHnn BKniOMaioT C03AaHne npoueccoB nonyneHnn cnnpia c AOdaTOHHO bbicokhmh ckopoctamh, no KpanHeii Mepe, MHHHManbHO οκοπο οαηογο oeteMa cnon 5 %-ηογο 20 cnnpia b AeHb.
BbiineyKa3aHHbie n Apyrne uenn AOCTnraiOTcn HacTOiuiļnM Μ3θ6ρβτβΗΜβΜ, cornacHO KOTopoMy b cnocoOe nonyHeHnn siaHonbHoro npoAyKTa, npeAycMaTpnBaiomeM nponycKaHne βοαηογο caxapo-coAepxamero cy6cTpaia nepe3, no MeHbLuen Mepe, oahh peaicrop, 25 coAepxamnn nMMo6nnn30BaHHbie Ha Hocmene Apoxxesbie κπβτκη, n ero φβρΜβΗΤΒΑΜΚ) c nonyHeHneM STaHonbHoro npoAyicra, b KanecTBe HoenTenn ncnonb3yioT HocnTenb, oānaAaiOLAnn aHnoHHO-o6MeHHbiMn CBoiicTBaMn n npepcTaBnaraiunn co6on cnnouiHyio nopnciyio MaTpnuy nnn mepoxoBaTbie, πήδο cemaTbie nopncibie nacinubi, npnneM 30 yKa3aHHbie MaTpnua nnn nacinubi ημθκ)τ CTpyicrypy, o6pa30BaHHyio n3 cbo6oaho cBH3aHHoro MHOxecTBa MHKponacTnu nnn μηκροβοποκοη, KOTop'bie xnMHHecKn, aAre3H0HH0 nnn MexaHHMecKn CBfl3aHbi Apyr c ApyroM, no MeHbmen Mepe, b HeKOTopbix KOHTaKTHbix tohk3x Mexny OTAenbHbiMn MHKpo4acTnuaMn nnn Μηκροβοποκη3μη. 4
TaKaa CTpyicrypa ηοοητθαα oSecneHMBaeT MaKCMManbHyio nnOUļaAb ΠΟΒθρΧΗΟΟΤΗ flJlB HaXOAAlAHXCfl Ha ΗΘΜ ApO>K>KeBblX ΚΑΘΤΟΚ. rionyHeHHoe b more BbicoKoe κοαηηθοτβο APO>toKeBbix καθτοκ Ha eAHHHLļy očbeMa πο3βοααθτ 3HaHHTenbHo ycKopnTb Φθρμθητθαμκ).
5 HocHTenb, coctohiahh H3 HacTHLļ hah b βηαθ MaTpmļbi, nonyHawT npOCTbIM Οβ^ΘΑΗΗΘΗΗΘΜ, Β0ΗΑ0Κ0Β3ΗΗΘΜ, ΟΠΑΘΤΘΗΗΘΜ, 0ΜΘ11ΙΗΒ3ΗΗΘΜ, HAH arnOMepHpOBaHHeM MHKpOHaCTHLļ HAH MHKpOBOAOKOH. 0ΒΑ3ΜΒ3ΗΗΘ ocymecTBnaeTca nyTeM C03AaHHA χημηηθοκηχ, KneeBbix (aAre3MOHHbix) hah MexaHMHecKnx οβαθθηβ Ηθκοτορωχ TOHKax KOHTaKTa Mex<Ay 10 MHAMBMAyanbHblMM MHKpOHaCTHLiaMH HAH MHKpOBOAOKHaMH. ΚΑββΒΟΘ οοθαηηθηηθ ocymecTBnHeTCH nyreM amoMepHpoBaHHA hah CKAeHsaHHA ΜΜκροΒοποκοΗ b pe3yAbTaTe HcnoAb30BaHHa TaKoro AononHmenbHoro HHrpeAHBHTa, KaKTepMonnacrMHHaH CMona. MexaHHwecKoe CBA3biBaHHe ocymecTBn5noT nyTeM cnyTbiBaHHA hah CBA3biBaHHA βοποκοη b τοηκθχ 15 KOHTaKTa hah οοθαηηθηηα nacTmi nyTeM ciļennHBaHHA hx ποβθρχηοοτθη. B ποοπθαηθμ CAynae MaTpiiua 6yAeT npeACTaBAATb οοδοίί cnnouiHyio CTpyKTypy b peaKTope, 6oAbwe ποχοχηχ Ha χαοπκοβνη nyx hah φnπbτpoBaπbHyκ) 6yMary, 3arpyxeHHyK) b Tpy6y. flocne θτογο HaCTHLļbl B HX 0K0HHaT9AbH0H φΟρΜΘ 6yAyT AUCKpeTHblMH H 20 MHAHBHAyanbHblMM.
MHKpOBOAOKHa HAH MMKpOHaCTMLļbl COCTOAT H3 ΑΚ>6θΓΟ 3ΗΗ0Η0--ο6μθηηογο BemecTBa, κοτοροβ μοχθτ φορΜΜροΒβ^οΑ β >xenaeMbie MHKpOBOAOKHa HAH MMKpOHaCTHLtbi C ΗθρΟΒΗΟΗ nOBepXHOCTblO. TaKHB BeuļecTBa BKAionaiOT npnpoAHyio hah pereHepnpoBaHHyio L4enAi0A03y 25 HAH CHΗΤΘΤΗΗΘΟΚΗ Η ΙΑΘΑΚ, KOTOpbie Π0ΑΒθρΓ3Ι0Τ ΑθρΗΒ3ΤΗ331-1ΗΗ C LļeAblO npHAaHHA 3Ηηοηο-ο6μθηηογο xapaicrepa; τθκηθ οηητθτηηθοκηθ aHH0H0-06MeHHbie CMOAbl, KaK φeHOAφOpMaAbAΘΓHAHblθ CMOAbl, a TaiOKe aHHOHO-očMeHHbie CMOAbl Ha οοηοβθ arap03bi hah αθκοτρηηθ. npeAnOHTHTBAbHblH HOCHTeAb ΠpΘACT3ΒAAΘΤ C060H nOpHCTyK3 aHMOHO-30 -ο6μθηηυιο CMony Ha οοηοβθ αθαακ)αο3ν hah HCKyccTB6HHoro uueAKa, KOTOpbie noABepraioT χημηηθοκοη ΜΟΑ^φπκβρΗΗ c peAbK) πρηαβηηα hm 3ηηοηο*ο6μθηηογο xapaKTepa. Οοο6θηηο npeAnoHTHTeAbHbie βοπαο-111ΘΗΗΑ BKAlOHaiOT MHKpOBOAOKHa HAH MHKpOHaCT.HLļbl ΑΜΘΤΗΑΗΜΗ-ΗΟ3ΤΗΑΘΗ33ΜΘ111ΘΗΗ0Η LļeAAI0A03bl, ΚρθΠΚΟ 0ΒΑ33ΗΗΝΘ nyTeM 35 arrAOMepaUHH C ΠΟΑΗΟΤΗΡΟΑΟΜ. 5 LV 10501 npeflnonoraeTCfl, ητο θπθκτρμμθοκμθ cunbi, βο3ημκ8ιοιιιμθ μθχαυ nonoxnTenbHo 3apnxēHHoti CMonoii m OTpuiļaTenbHO 3apnxeHHbiMM ΑΡΟΧΟΚΘΒΗΜΜ ΚΠΘΤΚ3ΜΜ rnaBHbIM 06pa30M ΟΤΒΘΤΟΤΒΘΗΗΜ 3a CBH3biBāHM6 flpoxxeBbix κπθτοκ c noB©pxHocTbK) CMonbī. TaKoe 5 CBfl3blBaHMe MMHMMM3MpyeT ΟΤΘΠΘΗΒ BbimenaHMBaHMfl ΑρΟΧΧΘίί n očecneHMBaiOT TecHbifi κοητβκτ μθχαυ ApoxxaMM μ boahom cpefloii.
BoflHbiii cy6cTpaT, ncnonb3yeMbm b KanecTBe μοχοαηογο MaTepnana coctomt, no KpaiiHeii Mepe, M3 BOflbi, TaKoro, οποοο6ηογό κ 0epMeHTai4nn, Kap6ornflpaTa, xax rnflponn30BaHHbiii xpaxMan, lo caxapo3a, rni0K03a, 0pyKTO3a, ManbT03a mv\ ManbTOTpno3a (naKT03a m Kcnno3a). KoHiieHTpaunyi caxapa AonxHa 6biTb flocTaTOMHoii απa ocymecTBneHM5i HenpepbiBHoro ποπυηθημπ cnupia, ho ηθ αοπχηθ 6biTb cnniuKOM BbicoKofi, nocKonbKy b stom cnyHae Φθρμθητηοα aKTMBHOCTb ΑρΟΧΧθίί 6yAeT nonHOCTbfO HHruSnpOBaTbCfl. 15 B COOTBeTCTBMM CO CnOCOČOM HaCTOfllMerO Μ3θ6ρθΤΘΗΜ51 Β3ΧΗ0 KOHTponupoBaTb TaKotf napaM0Tp npouecca, Kax κοπμηθοτβο AnoKCMAa ymepoAa, βναθππιοιαθθοπ b χοαθ φθρΜθΗτβφίΜ. Auokcma ymepoAa μοχθτ coxpaHj)TbCfl b ποτοκθ χμακογο npOAyKTa m\A yAannTbcn. ComacHO npeAnoHTMTenbHOMy cnoco6y ncnonb3yiOTcn ceprni κοποηη, 20 B3aHMHbie ΟΟΘΑΜΗΘΗΜΑ KOTOpblX CKOHCTpyMpOBaHbl T3KMM 06pa30M, HToSbi oāecneMmb yAaneHne ra3a M3 ποτοκβ, BbixoAamero ceepxy KOflOHHbl. ĒCAM Ha ΒΟΘΧ Κ0Π0ΗΗ3Χ MCnonb3yiOT COeAMHMTBnbHbie οτβοαμ, to nonyHaioT προΑγκτ 6e3 o6pa30BaHMfl Kap6oHaTOB. Mcnonb3yn KonoHHbi πόα ΑδΒΑΘΗΜΘΜ μοχηο nonyHMTb 25 Kap6oHM3npoBaHHbiii προΑγκτ. Οαηβκο, AasneHne b κοποηηαχ ηθ ΑΟΠΧΗΟ 6blTb T3KHM BbICOKMM, HTOābI yMeHbUjanaCb CTeneHb φθρΜΘΗΤ314ΜΜ ΠΟΑ ΑβίίΟΤΒΜΘΜ ΑΡΟΧΧθίί. 3Τ0Τ ΠρθΑΘΠ ΠΘΓΚΟ yCTaHOBMTb TpaAHUMOHHblMM ΜΘΤΟΑΒΜΜ Μ OČblHHO ΟΗ COCTaBHfieT, ΠΟ KpailHeM Μθρθ, 14 6ap. 30 Πομμμο AasneHMa μοχηο MeHHTb Apyrne napaMeTpbi npopecca c
Lienbīo ocymecTBneHMii BbinycKa aiaHona μ ο6θοπθηθημη BKycoBbix KaHecTB npoAyicra. Tāme napaMeTpbi βκπιοηθιοτ TeMnepaTypy KonoHHbi, CKOpocTb noAaHM βοαηογο cy6cTpaTa, βρθμπ npe6biBaHna b κοποηηθ, HanpaB/ΐΘΗΜθ ποτοκβ cy6cTpaia b κοποηηθ (BAonb Unu προτΜΒ αθηοτβμπ 35 cnnbi τπχθοτμ), πθρμοαμηθοκοθ Μ3ΜθΗθΗΜθ HanpaBneHMn nOTOKa, 6 urrā μ μ αροχοκθμ, KOHueHTpaunKD Αροχχθίί μ nuTaTenbHbie BeuļecTBa Αππ αροχχθμ, coflepxaiiļneca β βοαηομ cy6cipaTe. Ποαχοαπιαμθ nHTepBanbi μ3μθηθημπ t3khx napaMeipoB BKAionaioT TeMnepaTypy -2 -40 °C, CKOpOCTb nOAaMM 0,01 - 10 OātēMOB peaKAMOHHOrO CAOB (BV) B 5 nac, BpeMfl npe6biBaHnyi β κοποηηθ 0,1 - 100 nacoB m KOHueHTpaumo Αροχχβίί 109 -1012 αροχχθβμχ κπθτοκ Ha nmp ηοομτθπλ. Mo>kho ncnonb30BaTb TaKne ΑΡΟΧΧΜ, κάκ Saccharamyces mv\ Candida. 06biHHO yKa3aHHbie napaMeipbi perynnpyioT τθκμμ o6pa30M, ητο6η nonyHmrb aiaHon c KOHi48HTpai4neii 0,05 -15 %. ίο B cooTBeTCTBMM c npeAnoHTmenbHbiM cnocoāoM μ3ο6ρθτθηκπ, BHanane b KonoHHy 3arpyxaioT κοηκρθτηημ Hocmenb μ ηοομτθπιο AaiOT oceAaTb β κοποηηθ c HacaAKoti. Hocmenb CTepnnn3yiOT μθτοαβμμ, M3BeCTHblMM par sex HanpMMep, nyTeM npOMbIBKM ΓΟρΠΗθίί LUenOHbK). nocne HeMTpann3aunn CTepunbHbiM pa36aBneHHbiM pacTBopoM KHcnoTbi 15 m ononacKMBaHMH CTepnnbHoCi BOAofi KonoHKy Aanee OMbiBaiOT ΑΡΟχχθβμμ 6ynbOHOM, b pe3ynbTaie ηθγο αροχχμ πρμοοθαμηπκπόα m MMMo6nnn3yiOTcn Ha HacTHLļax ηοομτθππ. nocne TaKoii npeAaa-pmenbHoii o6pa6oTKM KonoHHy c ApoxxaMi/i ncnonb3yiOT κάκ onncaHo Hnxe. 20 CornacHO euļē OAHOMy npeAnoHTmenbHOMy cnoco6y HacTosnAero μ306ρθτθημπ nonynaiOT eTaHonbHbiii npoAyKT, o6naAaiomMii noTpeāmenbCKMMM οβομοτβθμμ. TaKoii npoAyicr μοχθτ npeACTaBnfiTb coāoii bmho, caKe, anKoronbHbiii $pyKTOBbiii, nroAHbiii μπμ oboiahom HanmoK, mx ra3MpOBaHHbie BapnaHTbi, πμβο, μπμ BapnaHTbi 25 nepeHMcneHHbix npoAyicroB c hm3kmm οοαθρχθημθμ anKoronn.
BoAHbiii cy6cTpaT, ncnonb3yeMbiii αππ nonyMeHnn ΠΟΤρΘβΐΊΤΘΠbCKOro npOAyKTa M3 Τ3ΚΜΧ MCTOHHMKOB, KaK $pyKTbl, flrOAbl ΜΠΜ OBOLAHbie COKM, ΜΠΜ SKCTpaKTbl, CyCnO, rMflponM30BaHHblii pacwenbHbiM MaTepwan nnw BOAHbiii cnpon, coAepxamnii cnocoOHbiii κ 30 φθρΜΘΗΤ3Ι4ΜΜ Caxap npMpOAHOro ΜΠΜ ΟΜΗΤΘΤΜΗΘΟΚΟΓΟ ΠρΟΜΟΧΟΧΑΘΗΜΠ. B KanecTBe coKa μοχθτ ncnonb30BaTbcn xnAKOCTb, BbixaTan M3 φpyκτoB, πγοα hjih OBomefi. 3κοτρθκτ μοχθτ npeACTaBnaTb co6oti χμακοοτβ, nonyHeHHyK) nyTeM o6teAHHeHnn φpyκτoB, πγοα μπμ οβοιαθμ c BOAofi h o6pa6oTKM nonyHeHHoii CMCTeMbi MauiMHHbiM μθτοαομ, 35 BapKoii, OTXMMaHneM, CMeiuHBaHMeM h τ.π.. B KanecTBe γμαρο- 7 LV 10501 nn30BaHHoro pacTmenbHoro MaTepnana μοχθτ Mcnonb30BaTbca Maiepnan Ha οοηοβθ uenniono3bi, nonyi4enniono3bi μ/μπμ KpaxMana nocne o6pa6oTKn ero μθτοαθμμ κμοποτηογο, θη3μμηογο μπμ θβτο--rnflponn3a. flpyroii cnoco6 HacToamero μ3ο6ρθτθημη othocmtca k npOM3BOflCTBy HanMTKOB C HM3KMM COflep^aHMeM anKOrOnfl, HanpMMep, Τ3ΚΜΧ, KOTopbie coflepxaT μθηθθ 0,2 % o6.cnnpTa. B οοοτβθτοτβμμ c TaKMM cnoco60M ncnonb3yioT τθ xe npoueccnoHHbie οτθαμμ m tot xe MaTepnan ApoxxM-HocMTenb, hto m b ochobhom cnoco6e npon3BOACTBa. OflHaKO, coflepxaHne caxapa m cKopocTb nonanu βοαηογο cy6cipaTa Μ3ΜΘΗ5ΠΟΤ TaKMM o6pa30M, HTo6bi oāecneHMTb npoM3BOflCTBO npoAyKra c hm3kmm coflepxaHneM cnMpTa. CKopocTb noflaMM nosbiiuaioT flo τθκομ οτθπθημ, HTo6bi noHM3MTb KOHiļeHTpaiļMK) cnMpTa flo χθπθθμομ BanMHMHbi. ΚροΜΘ 3Τ0Γ0, nyTeM ποημχθημη TeMnepaTypbi μοχηο yMeHbujMTb CKopocTb Φθρμθητθαμμ. Κοηαθητρθαμα caxapa TaKxe perynMpyeTCi! cooTBeTCTByiomMM o6pa30M raK, hto HanMTOK ηθ 6yfleT Hpe3MepHO cnaflKMM- Aaxe b tom cnyHae, Korfla npncyTCTByet AOdaTOHHoe κοπμηθοτβο caxapa flna Φθρμθητθαμμ b cnupT. B pe3ynbTaTe HenpepbiBHoro perynMpoBaHmi napaMeTpOB npoLiecca μοχηο BbičpaTb xenaeMbm ypoeeHb coAepxaHMH cnupia.
HacToamee μ3ο6ρθτθημθ othocmtca τθκχθ κ κομ6μη8αμμ ΗΟΟΜΤΘΠΑ Μ ΑΡΟΧΧΘΜ B ΠΚ>6θΜ φΟρΜΘ. ΠρθΑΠΟΗΤΜΤΘΙΙΒΗΜΘ φορΜΜ βκγποηβιοτ τθ, hto nonyHaioT in situ, b οοοτβθτοτβμμ c onncaHHbiM Bbime, a TaKxe BbļcyweHHyio KOM6MHai4Mio. BbicyujeHHafl KOM6MHai4Mfl b acenTMnecKOM coctoahmm μοχθτ ynaKOBbiBaTbca, TpaHcnopTKpOBaTbca Ha φepMeHτa^^10HHy^o ycTaHOBKy μ πθρθΦορμμροββιβθτβοα απα Mcnonb30BaHMJi nyTeM norpyxeHMfl b βοαηοθ πμτθτθπβηοθ βθιαθοτβο. C Apyroft CTopoHbi, BbicymeHHasi φορΜ8 μοχθτ ynaKOBbiBaTbca αολ AOMaiiiHero πρμμθηθημα.
Ha Φμγ. npMBeAeHa A^arpaMMa ποαγοτοβκμ ko/iohh c MMM06MnM30BaHHblMM APOXXaMM. Ha φΜΓ. nOKa3aH COCyA TMApaTaiļMM 1, peaicrop c μμμο6μπμ30Β8ηηβιμμ APOxxaMM 2, cocyA οτθρμπμ33αμμ ΧΜΑΚΟΟΤΜ 3, COCyA KMCJIOTHOM ΗΘΜΤρ3ΓΙΜ33ΒΜΜ 4, COCyA ΑΠΗ ΑΡΟΧΧΘΒΟΜ cycneHCMM 5, cocyA απα cy6cTpaTa 6, KaHan απ* οταθπθημα ahokcmaa ymepoAa 7, cocyA-npnēMHMK 8 m KnanaH απ* c6poca ααβπθηκη 9. 8
HacToamee μ3ο6ρθτθημθ 6a3MpyeTcn Ha cncieMy αροχοκμ--HOčMTenb, onncaHHoii Bbiiue, KOTopaa πβππθτοπ HecxnMaeMoii m οποοο6ηομ κ CTepnnM3ai4MM. Οοο6θηηο npeAnoHTMTenbHbiM npuMepoM ηοομτθππ, ncnonb3yeMoro pna nonyHeHna cncTeMbi αΡΟΧοκμ-ηοομτθπβ 5 asnaeTca JH3A3 Lļenniono3a (cna6biii 3ημοηο-ο6μθηημκ), arrnoMepn-poBaHHaa c nonncTuponoM. TaKOM HOCMTenb BbinycKaeica npoMbim-neHHOCTblO Μ ΧΟρΟΙϋΟ Μ3ΒΘ0ΤΘΗ flna MMM06nni13aumi 3H3MMOB, οοο6θηηο M30Mepa3bi ( cm. naTeHT CLUA N^-4 355 117 , β κοτοροΜ npuBOflaTCJi noflpoSHOCTn, KacaiomMecn TaKoro ηοομτθππ). 10 CornacHO npeflnoHTMTenbHOMy cnoco6y nonyHeHMn cncTeMbi
Apoxxn-HocnTenb, n3o6paxeHHOMy Ha Φμγ., cyxoii ηοομτθπβ noflBepraiOT ruppaTaLļUM b rnApaTauļMOHHOM cocyne 1 m nepeKaHMBaKDT b KonoHHbiM peaKiop 2. Πρθαποητμτθπβηνμ Hocmenb Ha οοηοβθ flEAE Uen0f0J103bl yCTOMHMB B ΚΜΟΠΟΤΗΟΜ M LlļenOHHOM cpefle Μ ΜΟΧΘΤ 15 BbinepxnBaTb TeMnepaiypbi ao 100 °C. TaKUM o6pa30M, oh μοχθτ πθγκο CTepnnn30BaTbcyi β κοποηηθ, HanpuMep, c noMOUļbio rop^neii menoHM. flpyrne CMOnbi MoryT ciepnmi30BaTbca aHanornHHbiM o6pa30M. HMM06nnn3auna αροχοκθμ Ha Hocmene npoBOAMTcn nocne 20 CTepnnn3ai4nn Hocmena γορπηθμ pa36aBneHHOfi KaycTMHecKOii coaom 3. 3aTeM cnoii ηοομτθππ 2 npononacKMBaioT boaom m HeiiTpanM3yiOT nyreM Πρ0Κ3ΗΜΒ3ΗΜΠ ΠΟΑΧΟΑΠΙΑβΜ pa36aBHeHHOM KMCflOTbl 4 Ηβρβ3 ΟΠΟΜ ηοομτθππ; η3κοηθα cnofi ηοομτθππ npononacKUBatOT CTepunbHOM boaom. HMMo6nnn3aumo ocymecTBnniOT nyTeM nepeKaHMBaHUjj cycneH3MM 25 KynbTMBMpOBaHHblX, aKTMBHblX ΑΡΟΧΟΚΘΜ 5 B peaKTOp 2. 3aTeM HOCHTenb aAcop6npyeT αροχοκμ. flpoxxeBbie κπθτκμ πρμοοθαμηπιοτοπ κ ΠΟΒθρΧΗΟΟΤΠΜ ΗΟΟΜΤΘΠΠ B pe3ynbTaTe OnTMManbHOii φΟρΜΜ ΠΟΒθρΧΗΟσηΐ ΗΟΟΜΤΘΠΠ. npeAnoHTMTenbHo, KorAa αροχοκθβνθ κπθτκμ paciyr Ha ηοομτθπθ 30 C ΟβΘΟΠΘΗΘΗΜΘΜ ΠΠΟΤΗΟΟΤΜ 10^-10^ ΚΠΘΤΟΚ Ha ΠΜΤρ ΗΟΟΜΤΘΠΠ, πρΜΜΘΜ nnoTHOCTb nopflAKa 10^ ΚΠΘΤΟΚ οοοΘθηηο npeAnoHTMTenbHO. TaKan nnoTHOCTb AonxHa 6biTb αοοτ3τοηηομ ah* τογό, MToābi OāeeneHMTb AOCTaTOHHyiO 3H3MMHyiO aKTMBHOCTb, HT06bl B 3HanMTenbHOM Mepe npeBpaTMTb caxapa b boahom cy6crpaTe b 3TaHon. 9 LV 10501
Cy6cTpaT M3 cocypa 6 nepeKanneaioT nepe3 peaKTop nepe3 flOHHbiM μπμ βθρχημμ BXOflbi. l"lyTeM perynMpoBaHMH oātēMHOti CKopocm μοχηο KOHTpofinpoBaTb CTeneHb φθρΜθΗΤ3ΐ1ΜΜ. HM3Kan o6tēMHaa CKopocTb (οκοπο 1 BV/peHb) o6o3HanaeT pnMTenbHoe BpeMn 5 KOHTaKra Mexpy ηοομτθπθμ m cy6cTpaTOM n, τθκμμ o6pa30M, BbicoKne ypOBHM cnupia. Υβθπμηθημθ ckopoctm noTOKa yMeHbinaeT ypoBeHb copepxaHMn cnupia. PeaKTop μοχθτ pa6oTaTb npn aTMoc0epHOM ρβΒΠΘΗΜΜ, ΓφΜΗΘΜ nopana Cbipbfl npOM3BOpMTCfl ΗβρΘ3 AOHHblii ΒΧΟΑ, a
Amokcma yrnepoAa cbo6opho BbipenneTcn M3 cncTeMbi M.epe3 10 cenapauKOHHbiii otboa 7. npopyicr cočupatOT b cocype-npMeMHMKe 8, m κοτοροΓΟ ero panee HanpaBnniOT Ha $nnbTpaunK) m t.a. nepeA OKOHnaTenbHbiM yKynopneaHneM b 6yTbinKn. B tom cnynae, Korpa CMCTeMa pa6oiaeT πορ paeneHMeM, cy6cTpaT 6 nopaioT nepe3 βθρχημμ βχοα c τθμ, ητο5η ypepxnBaTb cnoii ηοομτθπβ 15 B ΚΟΜΠβΚΤΗΟΜ φΟρΜΘ M T3KMM 06pa30M pOCTMHb COCTOHHMH 3aKynOpMBaHMB nOTOKa. CKopocTb φθρΜΘΗΤ3Ι4ΜΜ perynnpyeTCfl TaKMM o6pa30M (c noMoiubio o&bēMHofi ckopoctm), hto npnnoxeHHoe paBneHne pocTaTOHHO ρπη τογο, HToābi o6pa30BaBiuMMcn ahokcha ymepopa pacTBopnncn b ομοτθμθ. flaBneHne cčpacbiBaiOT nepe3 KnanaH 9 Ha 20 cocype-npnēMHMKe eonn xenaTenbHO, HTOčbi κοηθηημμ npopyKT copepxan ahokcha yrnepopa. flnn τογο, ητο6μ noppepxnBaTb paBneHne v κοπΜηθοτβο pacTBopeHHoro pMOKCMpa ymepopa b pa3yMHbix rpaHm4ax, peK0M6HpyeTcn ncnonb30BaTb pea μπμ 6onee aHanornHHbix peaicropoB 2, coepnHeHHbix nocnepoBaTenbHo, m c6pacbiBaTb μ36ντοκ pMOKCMpa 25 ymepopa Mexpy KaxpbiM peaicropoM.
HociiTenb μοχθτ pereHepMpoBaTbcn nyTeM nopann ropnneM epKoii īpenoHM nepe3 οποίί ηοομτθππ po αοοτμχθημπ MaTepnanoM οαηοροαηογο οβθτπογο iļBeTa. Ilocne 3τογο HOCMTenb npononacKMBaioT bopom po 3HaHeHnn pH 10 m HeMTpann3yiOT nyTeM npoKanMBaHMn πορχορηιρθΜ 30 pa36aBneHHoii kmchotu nepe3 cnoii ηοομτθπα. HaKOHep HOCMTenb npononacKMBatOT crepMnbHOM Βοροϋ.
BaxHOCTb HOCMTenn coctomt b tom, hto oh οΘθοπθημβθθτ apeKBaTHbie OKpyxaioipMe ycnoBnn pnn pocTa ppoxxeū m Κ0ΗΤ3ΚΤΜρ0Β3ΗΜΠ C BOPHbIM Cy6CTpaTOM. HeCXMMaeMblM aHMOHO-35 -ο6μθηηημ HOCMTenb, T3K0M KaK arrnoMepMpoBaHHan fļ3A3 penmono3a, 10 oānaAaeT ηθκοτορμμμ npemviymecTBaMM no cpaBHeHmo c ϊ3κμμμ MflTKHMM, renb-nOflOČHbIMM ΗΟΟΜΤΘΠΒΜΜ, KaK anbrMHaTHbie lliapUKU. K TaKMM npenMymecTBaM οτηοοατοα MeHbioee ημοπο προβπβΜ, CBH3amHbix c MacconepenanePi, ο6πθγηθηι/ιθ μμμο6μπμ33Ι4μμ, 6onee 6bicTpbiw 3anycK ycTaHOBKM, ο6πθγηθημθ MacuJTaānpoBaHua, 3HaHWTeribHoe ynyHiueHne cnoco6HOCTM κ pereHepamm n flnuTenbHbiii οροκ cnyx6bi HOCUTena. B na6opaTopHOM MacurraSe 6bino προβθαθηο cpaBHeHne renb--ποαο6ηογο ηοομτθπβ, T.e. anbmHaTHbix tuapuKOB m npeAnoHTmenbHoro ηοομτθπβ μ3ο6ρθτθημβ, τ.θ. fl3A3 uenmono3Hbix rpaHyn. HocnTenb,
BbinonH0HHblfi M3 fl3A3 11ΘΠΠΙ0Π03Μ, 6blJ10 ΠΘΓΗΘ MCn0nb30BaTb ΑΠΛ npon3BOACTBa 3TaHona μ πρι/ι ncnojib30BaHnn 6onbiuoro nncna cy6dpaTOB τβκοίί Hocmenb oāecneHMBan HanSonee xenaTenbHyio npon3BOAMTenbHOCTb. 3tm cpaKTOpbi npeAnonaraiOT nyHUJnii KOHTaicr MexAy αροχχομμ μ βοαηημ cy6cipaTOM b χοαθ o6pa6oTKw. He orpaHMMMBaa HacTOflUļee μθοΘρθτθημθ, npeAnonaraeTca, ητο τμπ B3anMOAeMCTBMa MMMo6nnn30BaHHbix αροχοκθμ m Hocmena comacHO HacToaiAeMy μ3ο6ρθτθημιο μοχθτ cnyxnTb ο6ϊ>αοηθημθμ nonyHeHmo noBbiiueHHoro BbixoAa. SneicrpoHHbie MMKpocpOTorpacpuM noKa3biBafOT, hto b anbrnHaTHbix mapMKax αροχχμ pacTyT κοποημημμ, πρμηθμ HeKOTopbie M3 τ3κμχ κοποημη npopacTaiOT nepe3 anbrMHaTHbm cnoft κ ποβθρχηοοτμ rnapuKa. npeAnonaraBTca, hto αροχοκθβνθ κοποημμ AeiicTByioT, KaK "aKTMBHbie yHacTKM” anbrMHaTHbix mapuKOB. MnKpo$oTorpa$nn noKa3biBaioT, hto rpaHynbi fl3A3 i4enmono3bi npeACTaBnfiiOT co6om nopucTbie, ceTnaTbie MaTpupbi μμκροβοποκοη. TaKaa CTpyKjypa πο3βοπβθτ BOAHOMy cy6cTpaTy AOCTuraTb αροχοκθβμχ κπθτοκ, pacTyiAnx BHyTpn rpaHyn. TaKUM o6pa30M, αροχχμ pacTyT AOCTaTOHHO cbo6oaho m pa3AenbHO bo βηθιοημχ m BHyTpeHHnx mapnKax ΜΜΚρΟΒΟΠΟΚΟΗ Μ ΤΘΙΟΚΘ MHAMBMAyanbHbie KfieTKU AeilCTByiOT B ΚΟΠΟΗΗΘ
Kax ”aKTMBHbie cpepMeHTaLļMOHHbie yHacTKM”. B οοοτβθτοτβμμ c stum b 3T0M cnyHae, KorAa ncnonb3yeTca HocnTenb HacToaiiļero μ3ο6ρθτθημα, B φθρΜΘΗΤ314ΜΜ ΠρΜΗΜΜ3ΘΤ ynaCTMe PoJlbliiee Κ0ΠΜΗΘ0ΤΒ0 APOXOKeBblX κπθτοκ b pacneTe Ha eAMHMLļy πποιαθαμ ποβθρχηοοτμ TaKoro ηοομτθππ. 11 LV 10501
MexaHM3M MMM06nnM3aumi βρΟΧΟΚΘΒΟΗ ΚΠΘΤΚΜ Ha nOBepXHOCTH ηοομτθππ, HanpuMep, rpaHynnpHoii fl3A3 αθππκ>πο3βι, npeflnonaraeT Ooribuioe ημοπο npeMMymecTB.
Bo-nepBbix, npaKTMHecKM ece αροχοκθβμθ κπθτκμ ηθχοαπτοπ Ha 5 ποΒθρχΗοστΜ ηοομτθππ. B pe3ynbTaTe θτογο κπθτκμ AeMCTByK)T TaK, KaK ecmi-6bi ohm 6bmn cbo6oaho cycneHflnpoBaHbi b pacTBope.
Bo-BTOpblX, ΗΘ ΜΜΘΘΤ0Π CymeCTBeHHblX AH0$y3MOHHblX orpaHMMeHMM m (ļ)epMeHTMpyeMbiM χμακμμ cy6dpaT μοχθτ cbočoaho KOHTaKTIrtpOB3Tb C ΑΡΟΧΧΟΜΜ. ΚρΟΜΘ 3Τ0Γ0, Heo6XOAMMbie ΑΠ51 ΧΜ3ΗΜ ίο κπθτοκ nmaTenbHbie βθιαθοτβθ μμθιοτοπ b pacnopnxeHMM m OTcyTCTByK)T 3aTpyAHeHMn b μχ προημκηοβθημμ bo BHyipb wacTm ΗΟΟΜΤΘΠΠ.
B TpeTbnx, CBOficTBa ηοομτθππ cornacHO μ3ο6ρθτθημιο πο3βοππιοτ πθγκο 3anycKaTb ycTaHOBKy m ocymecTBnnTb pereHepaumo, nocKonbKy 15 MMM06MnM3aUMfl ΑΡΟΧΧΘΒΜΧ ΚΠΘΤΟΚ BHyTpM KOAOHHbl ΜΟΧΘΤ nponcxoAHTb in situ. TaKoii μθτοα ποημχθθτ onacHocTb 3arpn3HeHnn M ynymuaeT ycnoBnn cymecTBOBaHnn ομοτθμν b αθπομ. KpOMe 3τογο, KonoHHy μοχηο πθγκο noABepraTb pereHepaLļMM, ητο πρθαοτθβππθτ cočom θκοηομμηθοκοθ npeMMymecTBO. PereHepauMn μηογαθ πβππθτοπ 20 Lļenecoo6pa3Hoti n3-3a ηθπμημπ χμμμηθοκμχ πρμμθοθμ, μπμ 33φΗ3ΗΘΗΜΜ BOAHOfi CpeAbl, MMKpo6nanbHblX 3arpfl3HeHMiļ ΜΠΜ H3-3a MyiaLļMM caMbix μμμο6μπμ30Β3ηημχ αροχχθμ. flnn pereHepaumi κοποηηογο peaicropa, b κοτοροΜ Mcnonb3yeTcn TaKoii Hocmenb, KaK fl3A3 uenniono3a, OTpa6oTaHHyio KonoHHy μοχηο npoMbiBaTb h 25 CTepHnH30BaTb ΓΟρΠΗΜΜ menOHHbl'M paCTBOpOM ΜΠΜ APyTOM depnnii3yiomeii XMAKOCTbio, TaKoii KaK opraHMHecKMM areHT b βοαθ h Τ.Π. ΠΟΟΠΘ npOMbIBKH Μ ΗΘΜΤρ3ΠΜ33Ι4ΜΜ HOCMTenb ΠΘΓΚΟ 3anyCKaTb B pa6oTy μ ποβτορηο nopsepraTb nMMo6nnn3aunn. ΠρΜ pa6oie b πμποτηομ MacujTa6e TaKan κοποηηβ 3KcnnyaTnpoBanacb b τθηθημθ, no 30 KpafiHeM Mepe, 13 HeAenb 6e3 ποτρθΟηοοτμ b pereHepaL\m. ripu paāoTe b naOopaTopHOM MacujTaOe aHanorHHHan κοποηηβ ncnonb30Banacb b τθηθημθ 30 Hepenb.
KaK npaBHno, bch peaKropHan ομοτθμθ, BKAionan peaicrop, μοχθτ 6biTb CTepnnn30BaHa nyTeM οπμοθηηομ Bbime o6pa6oTKM. ΠρΜ 35 nocneAyiOLLieM προκθημβθημμ accenTi/mecKM KynbTypnpoBaHHbix 12 ΑΡΟΧΧθίί ΜΠΜ ΜΧ ΘΠΙΟΜρΟΒβΗΜΜ ΗθρΘ3 ΟΠΟΐί ΗΟΟΜΤΘΠΑ OnaCHOCTb 3arpJ13HeHM5i CMCT0Mbl flpO>IOKM/HOCMTenb flUKMMM Ι1ΙΤ3ΜΜ3ΜΜ ΜΠΜ ββΚΤΘρΜΠΜΜ MMHMMM3MpyeTC51. ΠρΜ ΟΟΘΑΜΗΘΗΜΜ ΑΡ0)Κ)ΚβΡί C MaTepnanoM κοποηκμ (noAxoAamaa 3arpy3«a cocTaBnneT 10^ - 10^2 5 ΑΡΟΧΟΚΘΒΝΧ ΚΠΘΤΟΚ Ha ΠΜΤρ ΗΟΟΜΤΘΠΠ ), KOflOHKy ΜΟΧΗΟ AononHMTenbHO KOHAMunoHnpoBaTb μθαπθηημμ προκ3ΗΜΒ3ΗΜθΜ TaKoro nMTaTenbHoro pacTBopa, ιοκ βοαηβιμ pacTBop $oc$aia aMMOHMn m caxapa, nepe3 peaKJop b τθμθημθ npuMepHO οαηογο aha. Τθκομ cnocoč Bbi3biBaeT pa3pacTaHne αροχχθμ ao MaKCMManbHOM πποτηοοτμ.
10 06blHHO ΑΠΛ ΒΟΘΧ ΟΜΟΤΘΜ ApO>KXM/HOCMTenb, MCnonb3yeMblX comacHO μ3ο6ρθτθημιο, oaho M3 npeAnoHTMTenbHbix βοπποιμθημμ ηοομτθππ, rpaHynnpoBaHHaji fl3A3 Lļennionosa, πβππθτοπ ηθ-OKMMaeMoii (He-Ha6yxaiomeM). TaKoe cbomctbo npeAnonaraei čonbīuoe hmcao BapnaHTOB ocymecTBneHMji Φθρμθητθαμμ. 15 ΠρΜ HOpManbHOM ΒΤΜΟΟφθρΗΟΜ ΑδΒΠΘΗΜΜ CMCT0Ma peaKTop/$epivteHTēp HenpepbiBHoro αθμοτβμα μοχθτ AeiiCTBOBaTb cneAyiomMM očpa30M.· Cy6cipaT noAaeicn co Ana peaicropa, a CO2, o6pa3y(omancn b χοαθ Φθρμθητθαμμ cbočoaho βμαθππθτοπ M3 cnon ηοομτθππ. Οαηβκο, comacHO TaKOMy MeTOAy, MAeanbHaa CMTyauMfl 20 3aMKHyToro noTOKa ηθ αοοτμγθθτοπ (ny3bipbKM CO2 Bcerpa HapywaioT cnoii) m o6paTHoe nepeMeionBaHMe Bbi3biBaeT STaHOJibHoe ΜΗΓΜ6Μρ0Β3ΗΜΘ M TaKMM 0Čpa30M ΠΟΗΜΧβΘΤ ΠpoM3ΒΟΑΜΤΘΠbHOCTb. CMCTeMa c ηθ-οχμμθθμμμ ηοομτθπθμ comacHO HacTonm©My M3o6peieHMK3 μοχθτ pa6oiaTb TaioKe m npM ποημχθηηομ ααβπθημμ c 25 τθμ, HTočbi yAepxMBaTb amokcma ymepoAa b pacTBopeHHOM coctohhmm.
KpOMe 3Τ0Γ0, KOflOHHa ΜΟΧΘΤ paČOTaTb B yCJ10BMflX ΤΘΜΘΗΜΠ nOTOKa BHM3 M B TaKOM ΟΜΟΤΘΜΘ CO ΟΠΟΘΜ Η303ΑΚΜ AOCTMTaeTCfl CMTyaiļMa MAeanbHoro 3aKynopeHHoro ποτοκβ.
HecKonbKO κοποΗΗ πόα α&βπθημθμ MoryT TaioKe coeAMHflTbcn 30 nocneAOBaTenbHO c τθμ, ητο6ν M36exaTb Mcnonb30BaHMn BbicoKoro Α3βπθημη. Taxoe nocneAoeaTenbHoe οοθαμηθημθ οοο6θηηο ποπθθηο, ecnM b ΚΟΗΘΗΗΟΜ npoAyKTe xenaTenbHO MMeTb BbicoKyio kohiiempaiiM 10 cnMpia. TaKOii cnocoč ποθβοππθτ npoeoAMtb 3KcnnyaTauMio c τθηθημθμ noTOKa bhm3 6θ3 BpeAHoro βμαθπθημπ ahokcmab ymepOAa, κοτοροθ 35 μοχθτ HapymaTb HacaAOMHbiM xapaiorep κοποηημ, τ.θ. Bbi3biBaTb 13 LV 10501
KaHanoBbiii 3φφΘκτ. Me>Kfly κοποηκ3μμ amokcma ymepofla βναθπαιοτ H3 noTOKa. Μο>κθτ TaioKe ncnonb30BaTbCfl peaKTčp MeHbmero pa3Mepa, nocKonbKy ηθ Tpe6yeTCfl M36bnoHHoro ο>κιί>κθηη?ι h npocTpaHCTBa απα οταθπθημη AnoKCMAa yrnepoAa. 5 KaK npaBuno, πιοδοίί Φθρμθητ^θμβιΗ >KHAKnti cy6cTpaT μο>κθτ MCnonb30BaTbC« B ΚΘΗΘΟΤΒΘ Cbip-bfl ΑΠΑ npOH3BOACTBa 3TaH0flbH0r0 npoAyKTa npn ycnoBnn, hto nračbie KOHKpeTHbie npuMecu οτφιιπΒτροΒΜΒβιοτοΗ nepeA nopanefi b KonoHHy c HMMo6nnn30BaHHbiMM ApoaoKaMM. flpuMepaMM τμπμηηβιχ cy6cTpaTOB Moryt cnyxnTb: 10 (I) cycno (Π) φpyκτoBbι¢i cok (III) JļrOflHblM COK (IY) caxapHbiii cnpon 00 KpaxManbHbiii cnpon 15 (YI) πιοδοίί rnAponn3aT pacruTenbHoro MaTepnana (ΥΙΙ) caxapHbiii cnpon, 0TAyiueHHbiii juo6biM φpyκJOBblMl flroflHblM COnOflOBblM μπμ aHanoniHHbiMM cMponaMM . (ΥΠΙ) AK)6oii BOflHblii cnpon, MCriOJlb3yeMblM ΑΠΑ npOM3BOACTBa nMBa, BHH3 ΜΠΜ JlMKepa 20 TummHaii o6mafl KOHLļem-pauMfl caxapa 6yAeT cocTaBrmTb 100 - 250 r/n, βκπιοη3λ KaK ncxoAHbie, TaK m AoOaBneHHbie caxapa, b 3aBMCMM0CTM ot npupoflbi cbiptsi. IlMTaTenbHbie BeiiļecTBa αολ αροχχθμ (BKJllOHaii MCTOHHI/1KM φΟΟφΟρβ, a30Ta H Τ.Π.) AOH)KHbl 6blTb cčanaHCupoBaHbi, ecnn nx ηθ xeaTaeT b μοχοαηομ cbip-be. Pa3yMeeTca, 25 KOHLteHTpaAMa caxapa μοχθτ M3MeHflTbCfl b iuhpokmx npeAenax b 3aBMCMMOCTM OT ΤΟΓΟ, CKOJlbKO CnupTa ΑΟΠΧΗΟ 6blTb Β ΚΟΗΘΗΗΟΜ npoflyKre m KaKoea ero OKMAaeMaa cnaAKOCTb. Oh μο>κθτ TaioKe coAepxaTb npupOAHbie OTflyiiiKM, Macna n τ.π. Caxap npncyTCTByei b KOHlļeHTpaLļMM OT, ΠΟ ΚρβίΐΗΘΜ Μθρβ, 1 % B6C. flO KOJIMHeCTBa, 30 οποοο6ηογο MHrn6npoBaTb φepMeHτa^^10HHyιo φyHκ^^llo (Hanpmviep, 30 - 40 % eec.), npeflnoHTMTenbHo, 4 - 25 % , οτηοομτθπβηο o6mero eeca cpeAbt. 06tēMHafi CKopocTb noAanM βοαηογο cy6cTpaTa nepe3 KonoHKy flBJliieTCfl BaXHblM ΠθρβΜΘΤρΟΜ, nOCKOnbKy npOM3BOAMTenbHOCTb no 35 3TaHony 3aBnciiT ot oātēMHOM CKopocTM. Bbmo TaioKe noKa3aHO, hto 14
o6tēMHaa cKopocTb οπρθαθππθτ ημοπο αροχοκθββιχ κπθτοκ, KOTopbie OCTatOTCfl CBH3aHHblMM c ΗΟΟΜΤΘΠΘΜ. npn BblCOKMX o6bēMHblX οκοροοτπχ οτχοαπιαμμ ΠΟΤΟΚ Apo>K>KeBbix κπθτοκ yBemiHMBaeTCfl; cnenoBaTenbHO, npon3BOAmenbHOCTb no 3TaHony μοχθτ TaioKe 5 3aBnceTb ot HMcna κπθτοκ, CBfl3aHHbix b μμμο6μπμ3μροβ3ηηομ cmctbmom, a ηθ TonbKo ot ο6ιαθμ cKOpocTn cy6cTpaTa. Ecnn 06tēMHan CKopocTb cnmuKOM βθπμκθ, to npon3BOACTBO 3TaHona 6yAeT H83aBepiiieHHbiM μ/μπμ ηθποπηημ; nyTeM perynMpoeaHMfl oČtēMHOM CKOpOCTM ΜΟΧΗΟ KOHTpOHMpOBaTb KOHLļeHTpaiļMK) ŠTaHOna, OČblHHO B 10 npeAenax 0,05 - 15 % 06. OTHocMTenbHO očmero oātēMa βοαηογο cy6cTpaTa. Perynnpyn θηθμθημθ οΘ^θμηομ ckopoctm μοχηο nonyHMTb KOHueHTpaumo 3TaHona b yKa33HHOM ημχθ MHTepBane. ΚΟΠΜΗΘΟΤΒΟ APOXOKeBblX ΚΠΘΤΟΚ, OCTaiOllļMXCa CB513aHHblMM c ΗΟΟΜΤΘΠΘΜ nO-BMAMMOMy ΠΒΠΠΘΤΟΠ OTHOCMTeHbHO CTa6MnbHblM ΠρΜ 15 ΗΜ3ΚΜΧ 06-bēMHblX ΟΚΟρΟΟΤΠΧ, MTO ΠρθΑΠΟΠΟΓΘΘΤ 06anaHCMpOBaHHOCTb pocTa αροχοκθμ m BbiuļenaHMBaHMe κπθτοκ. ΠρΜ 6onee BbicoKMx 06"bēMHblX οκοροοτπχ ΟΤΘΠΘΗΒ ΒΜΙΑΘΠΘΗΜΒΘΗΜΠ ΠΟΒΒΙΙΠΘΘΤΟΠ, OAHaKO ημοπο κπθτοκ CHOBa B03BpamaeTCfl K HOpManbHOMy ypoBHio npM yMeHbLUeHMM 06ι>ΘΜΗ0Μ CKOpOCTM. 06lsēMHan CKOpOCTb AOnXHa MMeTb 20 AOCTaTOMHO BbICOKOe 3Η3ΗΘΗΜΘ ΑΠΠ ΤΟΓΟ, HT06bl ΟβθΟΠΘΗΜΤΒ BbllAenaHMBaHMe MepTBblX ΚΠΘΤΟΚ C ΤΘΜ, HTOfibl M36e>KaTb aBTOnM3MCa. Β. ΧΟΑΘ paČOTbl KOnOHHbl c MMM06MnM30BaHHblMM ΑΡΟΧΟΚΘΜΜ, ΑΡΟΧΟΚΜ nOAflep>KMBaiOTC5I B >ΚΜ3ΗΘ0Π00Ο6ηΟΜ COCTOHHMM C nOMOlAtK) cnoco6Hbix κ φθρΜθΗΤ3ΐ1Μ m caxapoB b boahom cy6cTpaTe. 25 KonOHHa C MMM06MnM30BaHHblMM APOJOOMM ΜΟΧΘΤ pa60TaTb,
KaK yKa3biBanocb Bbirne, ποα αββπθημθμ. Pa6onee α^βπθημθ αοπχηο 6biTb AOCTaTOMHO bucokmm αππ τογο, HTo6bi amokcma yrnepoAa COXpaHnnC5I B paCTBOpeHHOM COCTOflHMM Μ ΑΠΠ ΤΟΓΟ, HT06bl M36e>KaTb βο3μοχηογο KaHannoBoro θφφθκτβ npM προχο>ΚΑβΗΜΜ ny3bipbKOB CO2 30 Μθρθ3 KOHOHKy C MMMOČMHMSOBaHHblMM ΑΡΟ>ΟΟΜΜ. ΪΜΠΜΜΗΟΘ 3HaneHMe α8βπθημπ cocTaBnneT 14 6ap. Ποαχοαπ^π TeMnepaTypa μμθθτ 3Η3μθημπ, KOTopbie Mcnonb-3ytOTCH B TpaAMUMOHHblX cn0006ax nepMOAMHeCKOM φθρΜΘΗΤ311ΜΜ. 3tm 3Η3ΗΘΗΜΠ ne>KaT B ΜΗΤθρΒβΠΘ 0 - 40 °C, ΠρθΑΠΟΗΤΜΤθΠΒΗΟ, 10-35 °C. 35 TaKMe TeMnepaTypbi MOiyr noAAepxMBaTbcn πμ6ο ηθγρθβθημθμ 15 LV 10501 κο/iOHHbi c noMOUļbto o6orpeBaienbHbix py6ameK, μπμ nyTeM ycTaHOBKM KonoHHbi b noMemeHMM, TeMnepaTypa b KOTopbix perynnpyeica Ha 3Η3ηθημμ TeMnepaiypbi OKpyxaiomero B03flyxa, πμ6ο b pe3ynbTaTe oxnaxfleHna. Pa3yMeeTCfl, αροχχμ Taxxe βμαθπαιοτ Ηβκοτοροθ 5 KOfiMMecTBO Tenna m sto o6cToaTenbCTBO μοχθτ 6biTb c ycnexoM MCn0Jlb30BaH0. 3η8ΗΘΗΜ51 ΑβΒΠΘΗΜΑ BblČMpaiOT B COOTBeTCTBMH CO 3HaweHneM paSonefi TeMnepaiypbi. riocne $epMeHTaumi amonpoBaHHbiii aTaHonbHbm npoflyKT oxnaxAaK3T ao TeMnepaTypbi xpaHeHmi n coOnpatOT b 6y$$epHbiii io pe3epByap Ana o6menpMHjiToti nocne^epMeHTautiOHHoii o6pa6oTKn, HanpuMep, $nnbTpai4mi, nacTepn3aunn m ynaKOBKM.
OnncaHHaa Bbime CMCTeMa npon3BOACTBa STaHona ββπβθτοα 6onee 6biCTpoAewcTByiomeiĪ m 6onee yAo6Hoii, ηθμ ciicTeMbi, ncnonb3yeMbie b τρβαμαμοηημχ cnoco6ax φβρΜθΗτθΑΜΜ μ b ηθμ 15 np0M3B0AMTCB npOAyKT C npMeMneMbIM BKyCOM, 3KBMBaneHTHbiM BKyCy, nonynaeMOMy b TpaAW4tioHHbix cnoco6ax φβρΜθΗτβρΜίι. Βρθμα, Heo6xoAHMoe ana Φθρμθητβαμμ comacHO cnoco6y M3o6peieHna coKpamaeica οτ ηθαθπμ ao HecKonbKnx nacoB, ητο οοβμθοτηο c HenpepbiBHoii npupOAOii npopecca, C03AaeT 6onbwoM noieHLļnan b 20 ΟΤΗΟΙΙΙΘΗΜΜ 3Κ0Η0ΜΙΊΜ ΒρβΜΘΗΜ H ΑβΗΘΓ ΠρΜ npOMblUJneHHOM Πρ0Μ3Β0Α0ΤΒΘ ΟΠΜρΤΘ M CnnpTOBblX ΗβΠΜΤΚΟΒ.
CneAyiOLi4Me ημχθ npMMepbi αοποπημτθπβηο nnniocTpnpyK)T μηογμθ acneicrbi HacTOBinero κ3θβρβτθΗΜΒ. Οαη3κο, θτμ npuMepbi ηθ OrpaHMMMBaiOT Μ ΗΘ XapaKTepM3ytOT Μ3θ6ρθΤΘΗΜΘ, nOCKOObKy OHO Obino 25 nOAHOCTblO 0XapaKTepM30BaH0 Bbliue. Πρί/ΙΜΘΡ 1 nonroTOBKa κοποηηογο peaicropa B KanecTBe ηοομτθπβ ncno/ib30Bami rpaHynflpHyio fl3A3 30 penniono3y ( GDC ) , BbinycKaeMyio no naieHTy CUJA 4 355 117 KOMnaHueii Finnish Sugar Co. Ltd. c pa3MepoM nacTMiļ 315 - 840 mkm nrin 470 - 840 mkm. Bo βοθχ 3KcnepnMeHTax ηοομτθπβ 3anojiHflnw, CTepnnH30BanM M MMM06miH3Mp0BanM Ha ΗΘΜ ΑΡΟΧΧΜ COmaCHO cneAyiomeii μθτοακκθ b cnynae ncnonb30BaHna GDC. 16 l/l3o6pa>KeHHbiii Ha pnc. cocyA runpaiaunu (1) BHanane Hanono-βμηυ 3anonHflnn boaom. BiononanM Memani<y m b cocyn (1) πθρθηοομπμ cyxoii Hocmenb (GDC) . flocne 3aBepujeHMn rnApaiaunu (okojio 5 nacoB) peaKTop (2) c μμμο6μπμ3οβ3ηημμμ αροχοκβμμ 3anonHiinn 5 HanonoBMHy boaom m BOflHyto cycneH3mo ηοομτθππ M3 rnflpaTaunoHHoro cocyfla (1) πθρθηοομπμ b peaicrop (2). flrm ποααθΡχοημπ ypoBHn BOflbi b peaicrope «nanaH Ha αηθ peaicropa ycTaHaBnnBann b τβκομ ποποχθημμ, hto BX0fl$ui4HM ποτοκ m ββιχοααιαμμ ποτοκ M3 peaKTopa 6bimi OflUHaKOBbiMM. 3aieM ηοομτθπβ b peaicrope cTepnnn30Bajin γορπηθμ 10 pa36aB/ieHHoii θακομ menoHbio (3) nyTeM npoKaHMBaHMn eē wepe3 peaiaop (2). 3aTeM cnoii ηοομτθππ npononacKMBanM boaom m HeMTpann30Banii nyieM προκ34μββημη ποαχοααιαθμ pa36aBneHHOM KMCnOTbl (4) ΗΘΡΘ3 ΟΠΟΜ ΗΟΟΜΤΘΠΠ B peaiCTOp (2) H ΗΘΚΟΗΘΑ ΟΠΟΜ ηοομτθππ ononacKMBajin οτθρμπβηομ boaoū.
15 flpoxxeByio cycneH3mo γοτοβμπμ b cocyAe (5). 3aTeM
ApoxxeByio cycneH3Mio npoKaHMBanM nepe3 cnofi ηοομτθππ b τθηθημθ 1 - 4 nacoB μ αροχοκμ aACop6npoBanncb Ha Hocmenb. Ποοπθ θτογο ΑροχοκΜ 6binn MMMo6nmi30BaHHbi Ha ηοομτθπθ. Peaicrop (2) b OCHOBHOM ΓΟΤΟΒ K φΘρΜΘΗΤβΑΜΜ. 20 ΠΡΜΜΘΟ 2 Φθομθητθιιμπ π6ποηηογο coKa ΠροχχΜ KynbTMBnpoBann TaioKe, xax m npM πθρμοαμηθοκομ φθρΜΘΗΤ314ΜΜ Μ ΓΟΤΟΒΜΠΜ ΟΠΟΜ ΗΟΟΜΤβΠΠ Οβ^βΜΟΜ 500 ΜΠ Ka>KAblfi, 25 MCnonb3yn ΑΡΟΧΟΚΘΒΒΙΘ ΚΠΘΤΚΜ Β ΚΟΠΜΗΘΟΤΒΘ, yKa3aHHOM Β ΠρΜΜΘρΘ 1.
HocMTenb μμθπ pa3Mep naciMU 0,315 - 0,840 mm.
Cpa3y nocne aACopāuMM αροχοκθμ Ha cnoii ηοομτθππ b κοποηηθ (AnaMeTp 50 mm m BbicoTa 250 - 300 mm ) ηβημηβπμ noAasaTb cy6cTpaT c o6bēMHOŪ CKopocTbio nopnAKa 1 oātēM cnon/AeHb. B KanecTBe 30 cy6cTpaTa Mcnonb3oeanM nacTepM30saHHbiM n6no4HbiM cok, «yAa ΑΟδβΒΠΠΠΜ Β ΚΟΠΜΗΘΟΤΒΘ 1 γ/π φΟΟφΘΤ ΒΜΜΟΗΜΠ Β Κ3ΗΘ0ΤΒΘ nMTaTenbHoro BeiqecTBa αππ αροχοκθμ. 06myio KOHueHTpaLļMio caxapa ycTaHaBnMBanM paBHoii 220 r/π nyTeM αο68βπθημπ k n6noHHOMy coKy caxapa. Μθαπθηηο ηθημηθπμ Φθρμθητ3αμιο m nepe3 3 ηθαθπμ ypoBeHb 35 coAepxaHMfl 3TaHona cocTaBnnn 4,5 %. 17 LV 10501 Πρμμθο 3 ΠΟΒΤΟρΠΠΜ MeTOflMKy. npMMepa 2 C HCn0nb30BaHMeM K0J10HKH, 3arpyxeHH0M ηοομτθπθμ c pa3MepOM nacTMLi 0,470 - 0, 840 mm. Hepe3 50 ΑΗΘΜ pa60Tbl Οβ^έΜΗγίΟ CKOpOCTb 0ΗΜ3ΜΠΜ flO 3ΗΘΗΘΗΜΠ 0,8 oSLēMa 5 cnoa/AeHb, hto ηθμθαπθηηο noBbiinano ypoBeHb coAepxaHMn 3TaHona b ΤΘΗΘΗΜΘ ΠΟΟηβΑΥίΟΙΑΘΜ ΗΘΑΘΠΜ οτ 5 ΑΟ 7 - 8 %. Πρμμθρ 4 ΠΟΒΤΟρΠΠΜ M0TOAHKy,. Or!MCaHHyiO Β ΠρΜΜΘρθ 3 C 10 MCn0nb30BaHMeM ΚΟΠΟΗΚΜ, KOTOpafl 6bma LUKpe H ΚΟΡΟΗΘ ( ΑΜ3ΜΘΤρ 75 mm, BbicoTa 152 mm). Ποοπθ CTepnnn3ai4MMf προμμβκμ m H0MTpanM3aLļMM (M0Ta6MCynb0MT HaTpMfl) ΟΠΟΠ ΗΟΟΜΤΘΠΠ, MMMo6nmi3ai4mo αροχχθμ προβοαμπμ npti cyt40CTB0HHo 6onee BbicoKoii KOHLļ0HTpaUMM APOXXeBblX κπθτοκ: Ha 500 MM GDC HCn0nb30BariH 600 15 μπ cycn0Hcnn αροχχθμ, KOTopan coAepxa/ia 150 μμππμοηοβ κπθ-ΤΟΚ/ΜΠ. ΥΤΘΗΚΘ ΗΘΡΘ3 KOnOHKy COCTaBnana 5 μμππμοηοβ κπθτοκ/μπ, n03T0My ΟδΙΑΘΘ ΜΜΜΟδΜΠΜΘΟΒΘΗΗΟΘ ΚΟΠΜΗΘΟΤΒΟ COCTaBMHO 9x1 θ10 κπβτοκ. 3το οοοτθβππθτ 2x109 κπθτοκ/μπ GDC μπμ 5x109 κπθτοκ/γ GDC. 20 ΠθρθΑ ΠΟΑβΗΘΜ ΠβΠΟΗΗΟΓΟ COKa KOHOHKy B ΤΘΗΘΗΜΘ ΑΗΠ 06pa6aTbiBanM pacTBOpoM cy6cTpaTa, coAepxameM αροχχθβνθ nMTaienbHbie βθιαθοτβθ. Φθρμθητθαμιο ηθημηθπμ 6bicTpo no CpaBHeHMK) C ΜΘΤΟΑΜΚΘΜΜ npMMepa 2 M 3 M Ha Βτοροίί A®Hb ypOBeHb C0AepxaHnn 3TaHona οοοτθβμπ yxe 8 %. OčtēMHan cKopocTb 25 cocraBnnna 1 oābēM cnoa/AeHb, a ypoBeHb coAepxaHMn nMTaTenbHbix βθιαθοτβ - 1 r/n coKa. Ηθκοτοροθ κοπμηθοτβο MaTepnana τθκχθ Tepnnocb M3 κοποηκμ c Φπθγμομ m3 amokcmab yrnepoAa. yMeHbiueHMe ckopoctm ποα3ημ nepe3 3 ηθαθπμ cHOBa Bbi3biBano noBbiiueHMe coAepxaHMn ypOBHn cnMpTa. Hepe3 1,5 Mecnua ypoBeHb 30 coAepxaHMA nMTaienbHbix βθιαθοτβ noBbiiuancn ao 2 r/n, hto πρμβοαμπο K AOnOnHMTenbHOMy nOBblllJeHMK) ypOBHH COAepXaHM!R CnMpTa M CMCTeMa CTa6MnM3MpoBanacb Ha ypOBHe coAepxaHMn 3TaHona 10 % b χοαθ TpeTbero Mecnua eē 3KcnnyaTaaMM. 35 18 Πρμμθρ 5 ΠρΒτορΗΠΜ MeTOflMKy, onMcaHHyio β npMMepe 4, ncnonb3ya peaicrop oātēMOM 8 ΠΜτροΒ. Peaicrop 6bin CKOHCTpynpoBaH tbkmm oāpa30M, hto Ha βμχοαηομ πμημμ MMenacb ceTMaiaa nnacruHa, 5 ynep>KHBaiomayi nacTMAbi GDC. CncieMa CTa6nnn3npOBanacb Ha ypoBHe οοαθρχοημη aiaHona 10 % β τθηθημθ ηθαθπμ. HacTb npoflyicra H3 8-nnTpOBoro peaKropa nonaBanH bo BTOpyio KonOHicy ēMKOCTbio 500 μπ c Lļenbīo noBbiiiieHMa ypoBHa cpflep^aHua aiaHona.
Bce 3KcnepwM8HTbi npoBpflunu npn κομηθτηομ TeMnepaiype (20 -io 23 °C). B tom cnynae, Korfla ΒτοροΡί peaiaop pa6oTan ποα AaeneHMeM, AOdaTOHHO BbicoKHM απη yAep>KaHMfl AMOKCMAa yrnepoAa b paCTBOpeHHOM COCTOflHMM, ΠΟΓψΗΜΠΜ MTpMCTblM npOAyKT mna UJaMnaHCKOrO, KOTOpbIM ΓΐρΜ 6yTM/lMpOBaHMM ΠΟΑΤΘΜ>Κβ AaBneHMeM, HTO ncnonb30Bann npM cpepMeHTauMM, HeTpeāoBan Βτοροίί Φθρμθητθαμμ (β 15 6yTbinKax), hto ποθβοπμπο ynpocTMTb npouecc πρμγοτοβπθημα ”maM-naHCKoro”. Πρμμθρ 6 neoBi/iHHaa Φθρμθητθιιμε nMBa 20 llOArOTOBKy ΚΟΠΟΗΚΜ M MMM06nnH3aUHK) ΑΡΟΧΟΚΘίί ΠρΟΒΟΑΜΠΜ comacHO μθτοαμκθ, οπμοθηηομ b npuMepe 1. Chom ηοομτθππ očbēMOM 500 μπ 3arpyxann β CTeKjiaHHyio KonoHKy c pacmMpeHHbiM βθρχημμ KOHLļOM c τθμ, HToSbi ο6πθγημτβ οταθπθημθ ahokcma3 ymepoAa. Cycno noAaeanu co Ana Φθρμθητθαμοηηομ κοποηκμ. KoHueHTpaumo 25 Apo>iOKeBbix κπθτοκ yCTaHaBfiHBann paBHOii 10^ κπθτοκ/γ GDC. B KanecTBe cbipbn ncnonb30Bann TpaAUAMOHHoe cycno απ* BapKM nnea Jlarep. Cycno γοτοβμπμ M3 18 κγ πημθηηογο conoAa (TMna Πμποηθρ), hto AaBano κοηθηημμ o6bēM cycna 100 π (12,0 °P ). CMecb BOAbi m conoAa 3aBapnBann b oahom cocyAe comacHO MeTOAy 30 nporpaMMupoBaHHoro βπμβ3ημη, npM μ3μθηθημμ TeMnepaTypbi no cneAyiomeii nporpaMMe: 48 °C β τθηθημθ 15 MMHyT, 63 °C β τθηθημθ 30 MMHyT, 72 °C Β ΤΘΗΘΗΜΘ 20 MMHyT M 78 °C Β ΚΟΗΙ4Θ BāpKM.
Cycn0 ΟΟΒΘΤΠΠΠΜ B $MnbTpaUMOHHOM 6θΗΚΘ M ABaXAbl npononacKMBanM boaom c TeMnepaTypoM 78 °C. Cycno κμππτμπμ b 35 ΚΟΤΠΘ Β ΤΘΗΘΗΜΘ 90 MMHyT. ΒηΘΗΘΠΘ B3pKM Αθ63ΒΠΗΠΜ HeiUyMKM ΧΜΘΠΠ 19 LV 10501 (o6mee κοπμηθοτβο anbcfea-KMcnoT -10 r). OcaflOK, o6pa30BaBiuniica b xofle Bapxn, οταθπππμ b βμχροβομ οτοτομημκθ. ΟοβθτπθΙηηοθ cycno oxna>KAanM Ha πποοκομ τθπποο6μθηημκθ οτ 100 ao 10 °C.
Cycno μμθπο cneAytoiAMM cocTaB:
HcxoAHbift aKCTpaia 12,0 0 llnaTO
14βθτ 10,0 0 EBC
ΓορθΗ b 25 EBU pH 5,3
Ka>xymaflCfl οτθπθηβ pa36aBneHna 85 %. 10 15 ΟΑΗβκο, cocTaB cycna μο>κθτ μθηπτ^οη οπθαυιοιμμμ o6pa30M: HcxoAHbiii 3KcrpaKi 6-18 0 Ππ&το
Ka)KymaiiCfl CTeneHb pa36aBneHMn 65-100 %.
OepMeHTaumo cycna b peaicropHOM κοποηκθ HamiHanu μθαπθηηο. Ποοπθ pa6oTbi b τθηθημθ ηθαθπμ o6ecneHMBanacb CKOpocTb, no3Bon?iiomafl nonyHaTb πρμθμπθμοθ πμβο npM ckopoctm nopanu cbipta ΜΘΗΘΘ OAMH ΟβίϊΘΜ CHOH B A©Hb. ΥΟΠΟΒΜΠ paSOTbl ΚΟΠΟΗΚΜ 6bIHM ΤΘΜΜ xe, hto m b BMHHbix peaicropax, onMcaHHbix B npnMepax 2 m 3. Πρμμθρ 7 20 OeDMemauna caKe nonyHann caxe c hm3kmm οοαθρ^ημθμ anKoronn (Εποηοκοθ pMCOBOe BMHO). riOArOTOBKy ΚΟΠΟΗΚΜ M MMM06MnM3ai4MI0 ΑΡΟΚΧΘΜ ΠρΟΒΟΑΜΠΜ ΠΟ ΜβΤΟΑΜΚΘ, ΟΠΜΟβΗΗΟίί B ΠρΜΜΘρΘ 1. flnn nonyneHMn cy6cTpaia pmc BHanane οκμμθπμ ποα αθμοτβμθμ 25 napa μ γμαροπμ3οβ3πμ β npMcyTCTBMM anbcf>a-aMMna3bi μ aMMnornioK03MAa3bi. nonyMeHHbiM b pe3ynbTaie rMAponn3aT OT$MnbTpoBbiBanM c iļenbīo yAaneHMn ecex μθχβημηθοκμχ πρμμθοθμ m HerMAPonM30BaHHbix οοτβτκοΒ. (“locne θτογο cy6cTpaT pa36aBnnnM TaKMM o6pa30M, HToObi KOHiļeHTpauMn rnt0K03fai cocTaBMna 23 % npM ee 30 noAase b KonoHKy. 06ι>θμ ηοομτθππ β κοποηκθ cocTaBnnn 500 μπ. flnaMeTp κοποηκμ cocTaBnnn 70 mm, a οοοτηοιοθημθ AMaMeTp/BbicoTa b ΟΠΟΘ ΗΟΟΜΤΘΠΠ -1:2. ΠρΟΒΟΑΜΠΜ CpaBHeHMe C ΑΘΗΟΤΒΜΘΜ ΑΡΟΧΧΘΜ, nonyneHHbix ynasnMBaHMeM Ha anbrMHaTe Ca. B cneAytomeM ημχθ Ta6nMqe πρμβθαθηβι 3Η3ηθημπ οκοροοτβίί noAaHM, napaivieTpoB m 35 pe3ynbTaTbi o6omx Φθρμθητβαμμ: 20
Pe3VJibTaTbi Ποπποχαο GDC - peaKTOP Ca-anbmHaTHbiM oe 5 flnuTenbHOCTb φθρΜΘΗΤ314ΜΜ (flHM) 15 25 TeMnepaiypa (°C) 15-20 15-20 10 CpeflHee cofiep-χοημθ STaHona (06./06. %) . 9.99 13.6 CpeflHJia oStēM-nan CKopocTb (BV/nac) 0,069 0,099 15 npoM3BOAMTenb-HOCTb (r/nac/n ΠΟΑΠΟΧΚΜ ) 5,44 10,62 Πρμμθρ 8 20 ΦθΡΜΘΗΤβίίΜΕ Mena nonyHann μθα c hm3kmm οοαθρχοηιιθμ cnupTa (TpaflMUMOHHbiM CKaHflUHaBCKuPi HanmoK). CKopocTb $epMeHTaunn perynnpoBanu πγτθΜ KomponuposaHua ckopocth noflaMM n b pe3ynbTaie nonyHann npoflyKTTpe6yeMoro BKyca n 25 c Hy>KHbiM coflepxaHneM cnupia. nOflrOTOBKy ΚΟΠΟΗΚΜ M MMM06nmi3aLlHI0 ίφΟΗΟΚΘΜ npOBOflUFIH, cneflya μθτοαμκθ, oriMcaHHOM b npmviepe 1. KoHLļeHTpaLļMio αροχοκθβμχ κπθτοκ noflAep>KMBanM τβκοίί, mo6bi oāecneHMTb 10^ κπθτοκ/γ GDC.
BoflHbiM cy6cTpaT απη cļ)epMeHTauMM cļDopMMpOBanM cneflyioinMM 30 o6pa30M:
KpucTannuMecKuii (6enbiii) caxap 500 r
Mefl 125 r Μηγκμμ KOpMHHeBbm caxap 625 r COK flByX ΠΜΜΟΗΟΒ 35 Bofla 10 π
06bēM ηοομτθππ b κοποηκθ cociaBnan 500 μπ. Cy6dpaT noflaBanu co pna κοποηκμ. CKopocTb nonanu BHanane cocTaBnnna 1 oātēM cnoB 3a 5 - 10 nacoB. flocne CTa6nnn3auimi φΘρΛ/ieHTauMM 21 LV 10501 CKopocTb no/ļanu perynnpoBann b npeAenax 1 o6bēM cnoa 3a 1 - 5
HaCOB B 3aBMCMMOCTM OT ΧΘΠ3ΘΜ0Γ0 COA©p>KaHMfl STaHOna M CnaAKOCTM npoAyKTa. CoAepxaHne aiaHona b HanuTKe cocraBnano 0,2 - 2,0 % Bec./eec. flna noAA6p>KaHM« χ^ηθαθατθπβηοοτμ αροχχθμ b ιοηθοτβθ 5 nmaienbHoro BemecTBa Ao6aBrmnn Hečonbujoe κοπμηθοτβο $oc$aia aMMOHMA (10-100 η/μπη). rionyH©Hne npoAyKra ocymecTBnjmn npn κομηβτηομ TeMnepaType v\ ripu 3HaneHHflx APyrnx napaMeTpoe, yKa3aHHbix ηιίχθ. PeaKrop c MMM06nnM30BaHHblMM APOXOKaMM ΜΟΧΘΤ TaK>K0 paāOTaTb ΠΟΑ ίο αββπθηιίθμ npn 6οπθθ ΗΜ3κοίί T0Mn©paTyp0. B stom cnyHae 06pa30BaBiiJMiicfl amokcma yrnepoAa pacTBopaBTCfl μ b κοηθηηομ AO6aBH0HHM ΘΓΟ ΗΘΤ ΗΘΟδΧΟΑΜΜΟΟΤΜ. floMUMO yKa3aHHoro Bbiuj© cy6cTpaTa μοχθτ ncnorib30BaTbC5i m Apyro© cbiptē. Βοθ τ3κμθ cy6cTpaTbi, HanpuMap, οοποα, $pyicrbi m 15 aroAbi, coAepxaT cnocoāHbi© κ $0pM0HTaunn caxapa. BKyc κοηθηηογο npoAyKra 6yA©T 3aBbic©Tb ot npupoAbi cbip-ba, κοηαθητρβαμμ caxapa m CKOpOCTM φθρΜ0ΗΤ3Ι4ΜΜ. Πρμμθρ 9 20 flBMOHCTPaUMfl HMM06nnH3aUMH ΠΡΟΧΧΘΗ Ha H0KOTOPblX ΗΟΟΜΤΘΠΕΧ ΠρΟΧΧΜ 5piOB0pa M3 ”ΚθΠΠΘΚΑΜΜ npOMblllJn0HHblX MUKpO-OpraHM3MOB ΦΜΗΟΚΟΓΟ ΤΘΧΗΜΗΘΟΚΟΓΟ MCCn0AOBaT0nbCKOrO UOHTpa” (Konn©Ki4MOHHbiii N2. A-75050) MMMo6nnn30Bann Ha Asyx CMonax c βΗΜΟΗΟ-ΟβΜΘΗΗΟίί 0yHKUMOHanbHOCTbKD. 25 B «anecTBe ομοπ ncnonb30Bann: rpaHyrmpOBaHHyio J13A3
L40nnK)no3y c ToproBbiM HaMM0HOBaHM0M SPEZYME GDC 220 h CMHT0TMM0CKyiO CMOHy C TOprOBbIM HaMM0HOBaHM0M DUOLITE A 568. MMM06nnH3ai4HK3 npOBOAHAM COmaCHO Cn0AyKDUļ0H M0TOAHK0: flpOXXM HHKy6npOBami B T0H0HH0 48 Η300Β B 6yAbOH0 30 conoAOBoro 3KCTpaKTa npM 30 °C. CMony CTepnjiM30Bann nyT©M npoMbiBKH 1 M TMAPOKCHAOM Haipna, c pH 5,0 - 5,1 m npoMbiBami CTBpMObHOii BOAOM. 06pa3©U CMOJlbl B0COM 10 Γ B paCH0T0 Ha cyxo© b0ll10ctbo, 3arpyxann b cT0Kn?iHHyio KonoHKy c βηυτρθηημμ AMaMeTpoM • 20 MM, CHa6X0HHyiO Ha AHHUļ© CT0K/lflHHblM 0ΜΠbTpOM. flpOXX0ByKD 35 cycn0Hcmo b κοπμηθοτβθ 100 ΜΠ nponycKann Ηθρ©3 KonoHKy ποα 22 αθμοτβμθμ cnnbi τπχΘσπι co cKOpocTbio 3 o6bēMa cnon/nac, nocne nero ΚΟΠΟΗΚγ npOMblBanU 100 ΜΠ CTepMilbHOM BOflbl.
KoHi4eHTpai4nio κπθτοκ b αροχχθβομ cycneH3MM ao m nocne uMMo6nmi3ai4Mn οπρθΑθπηηΜ ποαοηθτομ Ha arapoBoii nnacTMHe. Πο 5 pa3HOCTM οπρθΑβηηηιι Hncno nMMo6nnn30BaHHbix κπθτοκ. Pe3ynbTaTbi, Bbipa>KeHHbie hhchom μμμο6μπμ30Β3ηηηχ κπθτοκ Ha rpaMM CMonbi, 6binn cneAyiomMe: CMona ϋΰΟΧΟΚΜ rīDennonaranocb HMM06nnH3OBaHO SPEZYMĒ® A-75050 2,3x108 2,1 x108 DUOLITE® A-75050 2,3 x 1θ8 2,2 x 1θ8 flDMMep 10 15 PereHepauHn ηοομτθππ
Mcnonb3yeMyio b 3KcnepnMeHTax κοποηκυ c J13A3 uenniono30M pereHepupOBanu nyTeM nonanu ropnnero (οκοπο 60 °C) pacTBopa KaycTMHecKoti copbi (2 % γμαροκομα HaTpun) Hepe3 KonoHKy ao OAHopoAHoro ποοβθτπθημπ MaTepiiana. KonoHKy cnonacKMBanu 20 CTeptīnbHoii ΒΟΑοίί ao τθχ πορ, ποκβ pH npoMbiBHoro pacTBopa ΗΘ npnHMMan 3HaHeHne 10 n HeMTpann30Bann nwpocynbc{DMTOM HaTpun ao pH 7. KonoHKy ononacKMBanu CTepunbHoii boaom m 3arpy>xanii cycnoM, C0Aep>KaumiM αροχοκθβμθ κπθτκμ (οκοπο 1010 κπθτοκ/πιιτρ ηοομτθππ ), κπθτκμ BbipaiMMBanu β npncyTCTBmi aapupOBaHHoro cycna b τθηθημθ 24 25 HacOB, nocne ηθγο cncTeMa 6bina ποαγοτοβπθηθ κ Φθρμθητθαμμ cy6crpaTa. 23 LV 10501 ΦΟΡΜΥΠΑ M305PETEHI/!fl 1. Cnoco6 nonyneHMfl 3TaHonbHoro npc>AyKTa, npeflyCMaTpn-BaKminii nponycKaHne nepe3 no MeHbmeii Mepe oamh peaKTop, C0AepxaiiļMM nMM06nnn30BaHHbie Ha ηοομτθπθ flpoxxeBbie κπθτκμ, BOflHoro caxapcoflep>KaiAero cy6cTpaTa μ cļiepMeHTaumo ero c nonyHeHneM STaHonbHoro npOAy«Ta, omunaioiuiM¢1143 τβΜ, hto b KanecTBe ηοομτθπη ncnonb3yiOT ηοομτθπβ, oā/iafiatomnM annoHO-oOeMHHbiMM CBoiicTBaMM μ πρθΑΟτβΒΠΑίοΐΑίιΐί co6oti cnnoujHyio nopncTyio MaipnLļy min mepoxoBaTbie, nn6o ceTHaTbie nopucTbie HacTmļbi, npMHeM MaTpmia nnn nacTnnbi μμθιοτ CTpyKTypy, 06pa30BaHHyi0 M3 CBOSOflHO CBfl3aHHOI"0 MHOXeCTBa ΜΜΙφ0Η30ΤΜ4 MJ1M ΜΜφΟΒΟΠΟΚΟΗ, KOTOpbie ΧΜΜΜΗβΟΚΜ, βΑΓΘ3Μ0ΗΗ0 ΜΠΜ ΜΘΧ3ΗΜ4Θ0ΚΜ LļBB3aHbi Apyr c ApyroM no KpaiiHeii Mepe b HeKOTopbix κοητβκτηβιχ TOHKax Me>KAy MHAMBHAyanbHbiMM MMKpoHacTMuaMM μπμ MUKpOBOHOKHaMM. 2. Cnoco6 no n.1, OTnMHaioiuMiicfl τθμ, hto MMKpoHacTMLļbi μπμ MMKpoBonoKHa, o6pa3y(omne nacTuubi, coctoat m3 3ημοηοο6μθηηομ CMOnbl. 3. Cnocoā no n.n. 1 μπμ 2, OTnMnaiomMMCfl τθμ, hto MMKpOHaCTULļbl ΜΠΜ MMKpOBOnOKHa, ΟΟΟΤΟΑίμΜβ M3 3ΗΜΟΗΟθβΜΘΗΗΟΐί CMOJibi, BbičupaiOT M3 rpynnbi, cocTOflmeii M3 πρκροΑΗΟΜ mjim pereHepupoBaHHOM Lļenmono3bi, AepMBaTM3wpoBaHHoii απη o6ecneHeHna aHM0H006MeHHblX CBOMCTB. 4. Cnocoč no nn. 1,2 mv\ 3, OTnunaioiAMMCJi τθμ, hto ηοομτθπβ npeACTaBn^eT co6ofi μμκροβοποκηθ, arnoMepupoBaHHbie c nonncTuponoM. 5. Cnoco6 no n.n. 1, 2 μπμ 3, OTni/iHatomMMCfl τθμ, hto 3ημοηοο6μθηη3λ CMona npeACTaBn^eT οοβοίί αμθτμπβμμηοθτμπθη-3aMemeHHyio uermiono3y. 24 6. Cnocoč no π.π. 4 nnn 5, οτπμη atomu Pica τθμ, hto BOflHbm caxapcoflepxauļnii cy6cTpaT nponycKaiOT nepes μηοχθοτβο peaicropoB, coeflMHeHHbix nocneflOBaTenbHo m CHa6xeHHbix cpepcTBaMM απβ yflaneHMfl ra3a m $epMeHTnpyeMoro cy6crpaTa. 5 7. Cnoco6 no n.n. 4 nnn 5, οτπμηθιοιαμμοα τθμ, hto BOAHbiii caxapcoAepxamnii cy6cTpai nponyct<atoT nepe3 peaicrop ποα ΑΒΒπθημθμ, oCecneHMBaioiiļMM noAAepxaHne 3HaHmenbHoii nacTM o6pa30BaBmerocB npn Φθρμθητθαμμ AnoKCMfta 'yrnepoAa b 10 paCTBOpeHHOM ΟΟΟΤΟΒΗΜΜ ΑΠΒ nOnyHeHM51 ra3MpOBaHHOrO 3TaHOnbHOrO np0AyKTa. 8. Cnocoč no n.n. 6 μπμ 7, OTnuMatomniicfl τθμ, hto βοαηβμ caxapcoAepxauļnii cy6cTpaT nponycKaiOT nepe3 peaKTop b 15 HanpaBneHMM, ΠρΟΤΜΒΟΠΟ/ΙΟΧΗΟΜ ΑβίίΟΤΒΜΚ) CbiJlbl ΤΑΧΘΟΤΜ. 9. Cnoco6 no nn: 6 v\m 7, OTnunaioiAMiicB τθμ, hto πθρμοαμηθοκμ μ3μθηβ(Οτ HanpaBneHne αβμχθημβ βοαηογο caxapcoAepxamero cy6cTpaTa Ha o6paTHoe.

Claims (9)

  1. LV 10501 ETANOLU SATUROŠU PRODUKTU IEGŪŠANAS METODE PATENTA FORMULA 5 1. Etanolu saturoša produkta iegūšanas metode, kurā paredzēta cukuru saturoša ūdens substrāta laišana caur vismaz vienu reaktoru, kurš satur uz nesēja imobilizētas rauga šūnas, un tā fermentācija, lai iegūtu etanolu saturošu produktu, 10 atšķirīga ar to, ka kā nesēju izmanto nesēju ar anjonu apmaiņas īpašībām un kurš ir nepārtrauktas porainas matricas vai grumbuļainu, vai tīklveida porainu daļiņu veidā, pie kam matricai vai daļiņām ir struktūra, kas veidota no brīvi saistītām daudzām mikrodaļiņām vai mikrošķiedrām, kuras savstarpēji ir ķīmiski, adhezēti vai mehāniski saistītas vismaz dažos 15 kontaktpunktos starp individuālām mikrodaļiņām vai mikrošķiedrām.
  2. 2. Metode, saskaņā ar 1. punktu, atšķirīga ar to, ka mikrodaļiņas vai mikrošķiedras, kas veido daļiņas, sastāv no anjonu apmaiņas sveķiem. 20
  3. 3. Metode, saskaņā ar 1. vai 2. punktu, atšķirīga ar to, ka no anjonu apmaiņas sveķiem sastāvošās mikrodaļiņas vai mikrošķiedras izvēlas no grupas, kas ietver dabisku vai reģenerētu celulozi, kura ir atvasināta anjonu apmaiņas īpašību nodrošināšanai. 25
  4. 4. Metode, saskaņā ar 1.2 vai 3. punktu, atšķirīga ar to, ka nesējs ir ar polistirolu aglomerētas mikrošķiedras.
  5. 5. Metode, saskaņā ar 1.2 vai 3. punktu, 30 atšķirīga ar to, ka anjonu apmaiņas sveķi ir dietilaminoetilēnaizvietota celuloze.
  6. 6. Metode, saskaņā ar 4. vai 5. punktu, atšķirīga ar to, ka cukuru saturošo ūdens substrātu laiž caur daudziem 35 secīgi savienotiem reaktoriem, kuri ir apgādāti ar līdzekļiem gāzes aizvākšanai no fermentējamā substrāta. 2
  7. 7. Metode, saskaņā ar 4. vai 5. punktu, atšķirīga ar to, ka cukuru saturošo ūdens substrātu laiž caur reaktoru zem spiediena, kas nodrošina gāzēta etanolu saturoša produkta iegūšanu, uzturot ievērojamu fermentācijā izveidojušamies oglekļa 5 dioksīda daļu izšķīdušā stāvokli.
  8. 8. Metode, saskaņā ar 6. vai 7. punktu, atšķirīga ar to, ka cukuru saturošo ūdens substrātu caur reaktoru laiž virzienā, kas ir pretējs smaguma spēka darbības virzienam. 10
  9. 9. Metode, saskaņā ar 6. vai 7. punktu, atšķirīga ar to, ka cukuru saturošā ūdens substrāta kustības virzienu periodiski maina uz pretējo.
LVP-93-808A 1988-09-27 1993-06-30 Process for producing of products consisted ethanol LV10501B (en)

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US5079011A (en) 1992-01-07
DK472989D0 (da) 1989-09-26
EP0361165B1 (en) 1994-11-30
DE68919620T2 (de) 1995-05-11
DK174923B1 (da) 2004-02-23
JPH02276583A (ja) 1990-11-13
KR900004929A (ko) 1990-04-13
FI894205A0 (fi) 1989-09-06
FI87658C (fi) 1993-02-10
KR0153762B1 (en) 1998-10-01
LV10501A (lv) 1995-02-20
JP2695942B2 (ja) 1998-01-14
AU629849B2 (en) 1992-10-15
DK472989A (da) 1990-03-28
RU2060277C1 (ru) 1996-05-20
EP0361165A1 (en) 1990-04-04
LTIP932A (en) 1995-03-27
ATE114721T1 (de) 1994-12-15
CA1336764C (en) 1995-08-22
DE68919620D1 (de) 1995-01-12
ES2067510T3 (es) 1995-04-01
GR3015024T3 (en) 1995-05-31
AU4104289A (en) 1990-04-05
NZ230564A (en) 1991-07-26
LT3668B (en) 1996-01-25
FI894205A (fi) 1990-03-28
FI87658B (fi) 1992-10-30

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