LT4967B - Heat insulation - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention may be used in construction. The composition of the composite thermal-insulating material by mass: mixture of cement and construction gypsum with the proportion 1:(0.25-0.5) - 30 - 60%, dispersion of the polyvinyl acetate - 20 - 30 %, shredded reed - 15 - 25% , special additives - 0.2 - 2%. Composite thermal insulation material may be used for production of fencing and decoration materials, intended for single-floored rural dwellings.

Description

The invention is used in the construction industry.

Known building materials that use Portland cement, gypsum, clay as a binder, organic materials - industrial and agricultural waste. The following are used for this purpose: 1) wood waste (J. Nanazashvili: "Building Materials from Wood - Cement Composition" (in Russian), Len., 1990; G. Marčiukaitis, A. Naujokaitis: "Composite Building Products for Residential Construction" - New Construction Materials, Constructions and Technologies, V., 1993, pp. 369-376; A. Kaziliūnas, V.

Kazlauskas, B. Valinčienė: “Sheet Materials from Organic Waste”, Building Materials and Articles, K.-V., 1994, pp. 52-53), 2) Wood Chips (F. Alksnis: “Hardening and Destruction of Gypsum-Cement Composite Materials” (in Russian), Len., 1988), 3) straw (R. Šimkus: "Clay Buildings" V., 1989; A. Kazragis, I. Niekus, A. Gailius: "Technology of Building Materials Using Organic aggregates ”- New Construction Materials, Constructions and Technologies, V., 1995, pp. 234-238; Engineering, 1996, No.2 / 6, pp. 18-24; A. Kazragis, H. Kulinich, A. Gailius, I. Numbers: "Straw Tiles Containing KMC" - Silicate Technology, Kaunas, Technology, 1999, Pp. 142-147), 4) Flax and Flax in Ecoline Production (Institute of Thermal Insulation Science: “Construction and Architecture 5) Peat (R. Puodžiukynas: “Peat - Excellent Heat Insulating Material” in Construction and Architecture, 1995, No. 5, p. 23), 6) Sapropel (J. Žvironaitė:

“Thermal Insulation Panels with Sapropel Binders” - Presentation at the Seminar “Utilization of Waste and Technogenic Raw Materials in the Construction of Building Materials”, V., 05.10.1996).

Unfortunately, the mechanical resistance as well as the thermal insulation properties of most known building materials are not sufficient.

The object of the invention is to assist construction, especially in rural areas, by providing efficient and cheap heat-insulating materials which can be produced locally.

A new composite material is presented which, thanks to its novel ingredients, 5 in its composition, its characteristics and its quantitative composition, has better technical properties than many known thermal insulating materials.

Composite thermal insulation material consists of:

(1) "mineral binder" means a mixture of Portland cement, grade 42.5, with 10 building gypsum taken in a ratio of 1: (0,25 to 0,5),

2) organic binder - dispersion of polyvinyl acetate of optimal concentration,

3) organic filler - reeds that have been crushed in a special shredder (fraction 1 - 25 mm).

Ingredients by weight: mineral binder - 4060%, organic binder - 20-30%, organic filler - 15-25%, special additives - 0,2-2,0%. Special additives include antiseptics, flame retardants and surfactants.

With less than 40% mineral binder content, the article has insufficient mechanical strength and, at more than 60%, the article acquires too high an average density. With less than 20% organic binder, the article is not mechanically resistant, and more than 30% increases the cost of the article significantly. With less than 15% organic fill, the article acquires a high average density and, at more than 25%, the article becomes mechanically low resistant. With less than 0.2% of special additives, the article becomes less susceptible to the action of microorganisms and fire, and above 2%, the properties of the binder are reduced and its coagulation occurs.

Method of obtaining composite thermal insulation material:

1) the reed is chopped in a special shredder,

(2) dry mixing of dry components,

3) preparing a dispersion of polyvinyl acetate of optimum density with the addition of special additives,

4) mixing the homogeneous dry mixture with the dispersion of polyvinyl acetate in a blender,

5) the resulting mixture is formed into a semi-finished product,

6) the semi-finished product is cured in optimal temperature and humidity mode.

The composite thermal insulation material can be used in the production of partitions and thermal insulation elements for single-storey residential and outbuildings in rural areas. When partitions are used for interior walls, they can be painted, plastered or wallpapered.

The main features and advantages characterizing the invention are as follows:

1) sufficiently high mechanical resistance, thermal resistance, fire resistance, sound absorption,

2) low average density, thermal conductivity, sound transmission,

(3) the various uses and treatments,

4) the elements may be:

• filled in cross section, • with voids,

5) the components are dosed accurately and mixed first in a dry and then in a wet manner,

6) semi-finished product is formed and cured.

Claims (2)

DEFINITION OF INVENTION 1. Composite thermal insulation material containing mineral and * 5 organic binders, organic aggregates and special additives, characterized in that the mineral binder is used in grade 42.5 Portland cement and building plaster in a ratio of 1: (0.25-0, 5), blend, polyvinyl acetate (PVA) dispersion of optimal concentration used in organic binder, organic filler - reed, crushed 10 in a special crusher up to 1 - 25 mm at a weight ratio of ingredients: 40-60% Portland cement and plaster, 20-30% PVA dispersion, -15-25% crushed reeds, 0.2-2 special additives, 0%. 2. The composite thermal insulation materials referred to in point 1, 15 for the construction of partition and thermal insulation elements for single-storey residential and outbuildings in rural areas, whose interior walls are painted or wallpapered.